Climate Change Impacts On The Water Resources Of The Garonne River Watershed: A Blue And Green Water Approach,
2016
University of Toulouse
Climate Change Impacts On The Water Resources Of The Garonne River Watershed: A Blue And Green Water Approach, Youen Grusson, José Miguel Sanchez Perez, Sabine Sauvage, François Anctil
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Most of the modeling works on the impact of climatic change in hydrology focus on overland flows or, less frequently, on aquifer recharge. This study proposes to takes into consideration the largest part of the water cycle as possible, applying the recent concept of integrated water resources management which divides water resources into two classes: green and blue waters. Blue water groups all resources “usable” by society, such as groundwater or stream flow. The green water is by default “unusable”, mainly soil water content and evapotranspiration (ET). The SWAT model was operated at the Garonne catchment scale (50 000 km …
Keeping An Equilibrium: Harmonizing Environmental And Socio-Economic Water Demands In The Tagus River Headwaters Under Climatic Change,
2016
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Keeping An Equilibrium: Harmonizing Environmental And Socio-Economic Water Demands In The Tagus River Headwaters Under Climatic Change, Anastasia Lobanova, Stefan Liersch, David Tabara, Hagen Koch, Valentina Krysanova, Fred Hattermann
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The main challenge for sustainable river management is the harmonization of the natural dynamics of water systems to ensure ecological integrity with the dynamics imposed by socio-economic systems and policy goals. The headwaters of the Tagus River basin provide an excellent example of strongly altered human-hydrological systems. The natural strong seasonality of river flows have been utterly transformed into a constant flow rate throughout the year to serve the vigorously expanding water demands imposed by hydropower and agricultural production in the region as well as by the transfer to the Segura catchment. This water management scheme has triggered serious societal …
The Pasture Simulation Model – Evaluation Of Plant Acclimatory Effects On Grassland Systems In France, Serge Zaka, Renáta Sándor, Raphaël Martin, Gaëtan Louarn, Katja Klumpp, David Borras, Gianni Bellocchi
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The temperature responses of plant photosynthesis and respiration observed on single-plant species can be assumed to occur at the scale of a grassland ecosystem (which is a dynamic and competitive associations of plants). Based on the model for a single, fully expanded leaf as derived from experimental evidence and to gain insights into acclimatory and modulatory effects of growth temperature, we have: 1) improved a complex soil-vegetation-management model of grasslands, PaSim (Pasture Simulation model), and 2) evaluated it on multi-year datasets of plant biomass and C-water- energy fluxes in managed grassland systems. Illustrative results are presented for the French grassland …
Context Scenarios: Understanding Societal Context Uncertainty In Environmental Modeling,
2016
ZIRIUS, Research Center for Interdisciplinary Risk and Innovation Studies, University of Stuttgart, DIALOGIK, non-profit institute for communication and cooperation research
Context Scenarios: Understanding Societal Context Uncertainty In Environmental Modeling, Hannah Kosow, Sigrid Prehofer, Wolfgang Weimer-Jehle
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
We propose the context scenario approach to better deal with the uncertainty of future developments of socio-technical and socio-environmental systems. This approach goes beyond the established practice of environmental modeling. This practice consists in either using quantitative framework data on future societal developments (as e.g. GDP, population growth etc.) to drive model based environmental scenarios, or in combining intuitive storylines on societal futures with environmental simulation (SAS, Alcamo 2008). Instead, we use a qualitative but systematic form of systems analysis (cross-impact balance analysis CIB, Weimer-Jehle 2006) and combine it with modeling and simulation to construct integrated scenarios of socio-technical and …
Using Tethys Portal To Deploy Water Data Visualization And Analysis Web Apps For The U.S. National Water Center,
2016
Brigham Young University
Using Tethys Portal To Deploy Water Data Visualization And Analysis Web Apps For The U.S. National Water Center, Sarva Teja Pulla, Daniel P. Ames, Jim Nelson
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Tethys Platform is an open source web application (app) development environment built using the Django Python framework. Tethys is specifically intended for developing and hosting water resources-related web applications. Our experience shows that Tethys significantly lowers the barrier for cloud-based app development, simplifies the process of accessing scalable distributed cloud computing resources and leverages additional software for data and computationally intensive modelling. The Tethys software development kit allows users to create web apps for visualizing, analyzing and modelling hydrologic data. Several Tethys web applications have been created in collaboration with the U.S. National Water Center (NWC) to support their new …
Socio-Ecological Context Typology To Support Targeting And Upscaling Of Sustainable Land Management Practices In Diverse Global Dryland,
2016
CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems, c/o International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA)
Socio-Ecological Context Typology To Support Targeting And Upscaling Of Sustainable Land Management Practices In Diverse Global Dryland, Quang Bao Le, Chandrashekhar Biradar, Richard Thomas, Claudio Zucca, Enrico Bonaiuti
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
It is widely recognized that sustainable land management practices (SLM) are much needed for improving land-based livelihoods of 2.5 billion people living in the dry areas across the globe. Adoption and effectiveness of SLM depend on specific contexts. The high contextual diversity over global drylands makes (1) uniform blanket policies promoting SLM less effective and (2) the synthesis and upscaling of site-based successful lessons difficult. We propose the functional context type (FCT) approach to overcome these challenges by grouping common biophysical, economic and social drivers of land use adoption and change into distinct context types that shape SLM adoption and …
Intake Fraction And Burden Of Disease Due To Multiple Air Pollutants In A Warsaw Agglomeration, Poland,
2016
Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences
Intake Fraction And Burden Of Disease Due To Multiple Air Pollutants In A Warsaw Agglomeration, Poland, Piotr Holnicki, Marko Tainio, Andrzej Kałuszko, Zbigniew Nahorski
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Adverse health effects are the most important consequences of air pollution and therefore necessary to be considered in the IAM applications. Urban areas are especially important for such calculations because air pollution can potentially influence a large number of inhabitants. The high spatial variation in both emissions sources and population requires that such calculations are done with high space resolution. In this study, we quantify health burden due to local air pollution in the urban area for the Warsaw Agglomeration, Poland. From different air pollutants we considered particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) …
How Complicated Agent-Based Models Should Be?,
2016
Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies
How Complicated Agent-Based Models Should Be?, Zhanli Sun, Carsten Buchmann
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used to model human-environmental systems, in particular in natural resource management. The decision-making of agents is the core of ABMs. However, the human decision-making can be very complicated—influenced by various factors, such as personality, education, natural endowment, financial status; various theories from physiological, social, or economic perspectives have been employed to describe and explain human behaviours. One of the most puzzling question for ABMs and their modellers is how realistic and detailed the agents need to be modelled to catch the complexity of the human decision-making, while keeping the model simple and tractable. There are …
Integrating Scientific Knowledge, Data And Stakeholder Perceptions For Decision Support,
2016
Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)
Integrating Scientific Knowledge, Data And Stakeholder Perceptions For Decision Support, Jean-Luc De Kok, Peter Viaene, Karolien Vermeiren, Maarten Van Der Meulen, Rachel Tiller, Murat Ardelan, Jennifer Bailey, Robert Thorpe, Jonathan Beecham, Sonja Van Leeuwen, Frede Thingstad, Tatiana Margo Tsagaraki, Russell Richards, Can Bizsel, Hugo Salgado
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
the marine food web is considered to be a factor of key importance for the global carbon balance. The concept of the ‘Biological Pump’ refers to the mechanism by which CO2 fixed by photosynthesis is transferred to the deep ocean through biologically-driven processes, resulting in sequestration of carbon for a period of decades or longer. Stressors affecting the efficiency of the biological pump include water column stability, sea temperature, acidity, excessive nutrients inputs, overfishing, pollution and other anthropogenic changes. The aim of the EU-FP7 project OCEAN- CERTAIN is to reduce the uncertainties in our understanding of the impacts of these …
Validation And Application Of An Integrated Air Quality Model: From Source Dispersion To Respiratory Deposition,
2016
Universitat Rovira I Virgili
Validation And Application Of An Integrated Air Quality Model: From Source Dispersion To Respiratory Deposition, Vikas Kumar, Francisco Sánchez-Soberón, Joaquim Rovira, Montse Mari, Marta Schuhmacher
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Particulate matter (PM) is considered as a harmful air pollutant. Guidelines to calculate human health risk of PM are based on average activity intensity and outdoor concentrations of PM. However, most people in developed countries spend more than 85% of their time indoors, where PM composition and levelscould vary significantly from those found outdoors. To dealwith thisproblem, we present an integrated air qualitymodelling exercise focused on calculating the PM emission, dispersion and concentration out and indoors, as well as its associated health risks. To do so, we applied the dispersion model AERMOD in the Tarragona County, where several PM sources …
Theoretical Foundations Of Human Decision-Making In Agent-Based Land Use Models - A Review,
2016
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
Theoretical Foundations Of Human Decision-Making In Agent-Based Land Use Models - A Review, Jule Schulze, Birgit Müller, Carsten M. Buchmann, Gunner Dressler, Niklas Hase, Falk Hoffmann, Felix John, Cheng Guo, Christian Klassert, Thomas Lauf, Veronika Liebelt, Henning Nolzen, Nadine Pannicke, Hanna Wise, Nina Schwarz, Jürgen Groeneveld
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Recent reviews stated that the complex and context-dependent nature of human decision-making resulted in ad-hoc representations of human decision in agent-based land use change models (LUCC ABMs) and that these representations are often not explicitly grounded in theory. However, a systematic survey on the characteristics (e.g. uncertainty, adaptation, learning, interactions and heterogeneities of agents) of the representation of human decision in LUCC ABMs is missing. To inform this debate we performed a quantitative review of 134 LUCC ABM papers using a standardised questionnaire with a particular focus on the characteristics and the theoretical foundation of human decision-making. Thereby, we investigated …
Dealing With Uncertainty: An Innovative Method To Address Climate Change Adaptation In The Whale Watch Industry,
2016
Griffith University
Dealing With Uncertainty: An Innovative Method To Address Climate Change Adaptation In The Whale Watch Industry, Jan-Olaf Meynecke, Russell Richards, Oz Sahin
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Impacts of climate change on natural and human ‘systems’ are often difficult to assess due to high uncertainty and the need to integrate trans-disciplinary knowledge. This includes the worldwide, billion-dollar whale watching industry that depends on some key species such as the humpback whale. The migratory corridors, feeding, resting and calving sites, which are used for whale watching may be influenced by changing ocean currents and water temperatures. Whales are responding through a shift in migration time, behavior, abundance and distribution impacting on whale watching. To address these challenges, the authors developed a participatory model to understand and evaluate the …
The Design Of Distributed Model Integration Framework – Dmif,
2016
University of Twente
The Design Of Distributed Model Integration Framework – Dmif, Getachew F. Belete, Alexey Voinov
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Integration of models requires linking of components, which may be developed by different teams, using different tools, methodologies, and assumptions. Participating models may operate at different temporal and spatial scales. We describe and discuss the design and prototype of the Distributed Model Integration Framework (DMIF) that links models, which can be deployed on different hardware and software platforms. Distributed computing and service-oriented software development approaches are utilized to address the different aspects of interoperability. Web services are used to enable technical interoperability between models. To illustrate its operation, we developed reusable web service wrappers for models developed in NetLogo and …
Modelling Of Nitrogen Removal In A Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands Of Tibet, China,
2016
Beijing Normal University
Modelling Of Nitrogen Removal In A Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands Of Tibet, China, Lixiao Zhang, Shoujuan Tang, Alexey Voinov
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The construction of free-water surface constructed wetland (FWSCW) for wastewater treatment at high altitude region has being tried in Tibet Autonomous Region, an area with extremely cold weather and low air pressure. The FWSCW was designed to receive nitrogen loading of about 8.00 kg/ha/d and hydraulic loading of 546m3/ha/d. This study aims to develop a model for estimating nitrogen (N) dynamics in this constructed wetland situated in Maizhokunggar county alongside Lhasa river. To ensure stable temperature for healthy biological actions, a passive solar house was built. The major nitrogen transformation processes considered in this study were mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, plant …
New Approach To Interactive Use Of Energy System Models For Policy Support,
2016
ETH Zurich, D-USYS
New Approach To Interactive Use Of Energy System Models For Policy Support, Evelina Trutnevyte, Phillip Bernsten
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A typical approach of producing a handful of energy scenarios with energy system models is limited because these scenarios cover only patches of the vast uncertainties and complexities inherent in the energy transition. Such a handful of scenarios is inflexible to serve the needs of the variety of policy makers and stakeholders in a rapidly changing policy arena. Interactive use of energy system models has proved effective for enabling users to browse through many scenarios for insight. Existing interactive tools, such as UK DECC2050 Calculator or Swiss Energyscope, ask users to choose one or several preferred energy scenarios. However, focus …
Assimilation Of Sar And Optical Data Into An Agro-Meteorological Model For Monitoring Yield Of Corn,
2016
Université de Toulouse, Association Météorologique de Moyenne-Garonne et du Sud-Ouest
Assimilation Of Sar And Optical Data Into An Agro-Meteorological Model For Monitoring Yield Of Corn, Maël Ameline, Rémy Fieuzal, Julie Betbeber, Jean-Franҫois Berthoumieu, Frédéric Baup
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This study aims to assess the contribution of SAR and optical satellite images to estimate corn biophysical parameters and crop yield at field scale. Satellite data are assimilated into a simple agro-meteorological model named SAFY-WB (Simple Algorithm For Yield estimates combined with a Water Balance model), in order to simulate leaf area index, dry mass and yield. The method has been assessed thanks to data collected over two study areas (both located in the South-West of France), during two experimental campaigns: MCM’10 and MCM’15 (Multispectral Crop Monitoring), respectively performed in 2010 and 2015. SAR backscattering coefficients were acquired in the …
Using Sddp To Perform Basin-Wide Water Resources Assessments With Limited Data Availability,
2016
University of Manchester
Using Sddp To Perform Basin-Wide Water Resources Assessments With Limited Data Availability, Charles Rougé, Amaury Tilmant
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In many situations, water resources assessments are hindered by the limited availability of data concerning both water supplies and demands. Stochastic dual dynamic programming (SDDP) is one of few solutions available to determine optimal allocation policies in large-scale water resources systems. Yet, limited data on water demands and hydraulic infrastructure leads to the existence of multiple near-optimal solutions (MNOS). This work shows that when MNOS exists, SDDP is very sensitive to even minimal variations of the problem setting, e.g. initial conditions – we call this “algorithmic chaos”. Besides, the approximations of the benefit-to-go function that SDDP constructs at each stage …
The Global Geo Health Data Centre (Gghdc): A Web Service For Human Environmental Exposures,
2016
Utrecht University
The Global Geo Health Data Centre (Gghdc): A Web Service For Human Environmental Exposures, D. Karssenberg, I. Soenario, O. Schmitz, K. De Jong, H. De Raaff, I. Vaartjes, G. Hoek, M. Strak, B. Brunekreef, P. Hessels, F. J. De Groot, D. E. Grobbee, M. J. Dijst
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
To study environmental health effects, information is required on human environmental exposures, which encompass a wide range of attributes, for instance air pollution, water quality, or fast food restaurant density. Often it is preferable to assess exposure of each individual in a cohort or population, which requires assessment of exposures for large numbers of people. As direct measurement of personal exposure for entire populations is not feasible, exposure needs to be estimated by mapping environmental attributes, integrating observations and statistical or processbased modelling. This spatially and temporally continuous information is then aggregated over the space-time path of each individual resulting …
Advances In Probabilistic And Parallel Agent-Based Simulation: Modelling Climate Change Adaptation In Agriculture,
2016
Universität Hohenheim
Advances In Probabilistic And Parallel Agent-Based Simulation: Modelling Climate Change Adaptation In Agriculture, Christian Troost, Thomas Berger
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
MPMAS is a software package for farm-level and agent-based simulation in agriculture that has been applied to a variety of agro-economic and bioeconomic case studies around the world in the last twenty years. We present recent advances to the software and its application that focus on uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, massive parallel computing, land market interactions and farm succession. These extensions improve the applicability of agent-based simulation for ex ante assessments of climate adaptation in agriculture.
Challenges With Maintaining Legacy Software To Achieve Reproducible Computational Analyses: An Example For Hydrologic Modeling Data Processing Pipelines,
2016
University of Virginia
Challenges With Maintaining Legacy Software To Achieve Reproducible Computational Analyses: An Example For Hydrologic Modeling Data Processing Pipelines, Bakinam T. Essawy, Jonathan L. Goodall, Tanu Malik, Hao Xu, Michael Conway, Yolanda Gil
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In hydrology, like many other scientific disciplines with large computational demands, scientists have created a significant and growing collection of software tools for data manipulation, analysis, and simulation. While core computation model software are likely to be well maintained by the groups that develop these codes, other software such as data pre- and post-processing tools, used less often but still critical to scientists, may receive less attention. These codes will become “legacy” software, simply meaning that the software is out of date by modern standards. A challenge facing the scientific community is how to maintain this legacy software so that …
