Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Performance Of A Stormwater Filter And Bacteria Inactivation Using Biocidal Media, Alexander Scott Bowerman

Master's Theses

There are many possible ways to mitigate stormwater pollution, but this study focused on the DrainPacTM catchment basin insert and the feasibility of integrating N-halamine biocidal brominated beads into the filter system. This study was divided into three sections. The first section involved testing a DrainPacTM filter for treatable flow rates, head loss, and removal of solids, oil, and bacteria. The DrainPacTM filter is designed to be installed in a stormwater catch basin. The filter is composed of a 12 x 41 inch metal frame with textile filter media attached to it in a basket shape. The upper portion of …

2010 Spring Engr333 Project Assignment, Matthew K. Heun

ENGR 333

The Spring 2010 ENGR333 project assessed options for the design of a redundant data center for the Calvin campus.

I asked the students “What would it take to build a redundant data center at Calvin that is 30% more energy efficient than the existing data center?”

Note: Because I was on sabbatical in Fall 2009, ENGR333 was moved to Spring 2010.

Customer

The customer for this project was Calvin’s VP for finance Henry DeVries.

Baffle Box Effectiveness Monitoring Report, Stormwater Academy

BMP Trains Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Social Enterprise: An Overlooked Approach To Promoting Sustainable Economic Regeneration, Gerard Doyle

Reports

Across Europe, social enterprises are making a significant impact on communities, particularly those blighted by high levels of unemployment, poverty and disadvantage. According to the European Commission, they represent 2 million enterprises (i.e. 10 per cent of all European businesses) and employ over 11 million paid employees (the equivalent of 6 per cent of the working population of the EU). Social enterprises are present in almost every sector of the economy, such as banking, insurance, agriculture, craft, various commercial services, and health and social services. The benefits of social enterprises are many, but in economic terms, they can support the …

Municipal Solid Waste Management In Selected Malaysian Islands., Nagendran Periaiah

Student Works (2010-2019)

Rapid developments and tourism related activities in Islands have increased the per capita waste generation that led to increased waste disposal at landfill. To date, islands in Malaysia are generating approximately 400 metric tons of MSW. Approximately 60% of the waste are collected and disposed off in non-sanitary landfills. The remaining 35 % were illegally burned/ dumped and 5 % were dumped into ocean. 100% of landfills in Malaysian islands operate as mere open-dumps that lack proper lining system and without leachate treatment facilities. The vicinities bordering non-sanitary landfill sites became highly polluted due to certain harmful gases/ leachate generated …

Nebraska Water And Energy Flux Measurement, Modeling, And Research Network (Nebflux), Suat Irmak

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Surface energy and water vapor fluxes play a critical role in understanding the response of agro‐ecosystems to changes in environmental and atmospheric parameters. These fluxes play a crucial role in exploring the dynamics of water and energy use efficiencies of these systems. Quantification of the fluxes is also necessary for assessing the impact of land use and management changes on water balances. Accomplishing these goals requires measurement of water vapor and energy exchanges between various vegetation surfaces and microclimates for long‐enough periods to understand the behavior and dynamics involved with the flux transfer so that robust models can be developed …

Testing Of Interactions Between Coal Ash Leachates And Rock Materials For Mine Backfill Evaluations, Colin R. Ward, David French, Leanne Stephenson, Ken Riley, Zhongsheng Li

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

A series of laboratory-based leaching tests has been developed to evaluate the chemical interaction between ash, water and different mine-site rock materials, as a basis for assessing the potential environmental impact of using coal ash as backfill in coal mines. Two different test protocols were used: a two-stage serial batch testing program in which leachate from representative ash samples were allowed to interact separately with relevant rock materials under laboratory conditions, and a single-stage mixed batch testing program in which 50:50 mixtures of the same ashes and rock samples were extracted with water following a similar procedure to leaching tests …

Nebraska Agricultural Water Management Demonstration Network (Nawmdn): Integrating Research And Extension/Outreach, Suat Irmak, Jennifer M. Rees, Gary L. Zoubek, Brandy S. Van Dewalle, William R. Rathje, Rodney Debuhr, Dan Leininger, Darrel D. Siekman, James W. Schneider, Andrew P. Christiansen

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Maximizing the net benefits of irrigated plant production through appropriately designed agricultural water management programs is of growing importance in Nebraska, and other western and Midwestern states, because many areas are involved in management and policy changes to conserve irrigation water. In Nebraska, farmers are being challenged to practice conservation methods and use water resources more efficiently while meeting plant water requirements and maintaining high yields. Another challenge Nebraska experiences in it's approximately 3.5‐million‐ha irrigated lands is limited adoption of newer technologies/tools to help farmers better manage irrigation, conserve water and energy, and increase plant water use efficiency. In 2005, …

Numerically Predicting Seepage Gradient Forces And Erosion: Sensitivity To Soil Hydraulic Properties, Garey A. Fox, Derek M. Heeren, Glenn V. Wilson, E. J. Langendoen, Amanda K. Fox, Maria L. Chu-Agor

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Research has suggested that streambank seepage can be an important mechanism of bank instability; however, limited information is available on the level of soil characterization necessary to accurately predict seepage gradient forces and erosion. The objective of this research was to quantify the expected range of predicted seepage gradients for various degrees of site characterization. Uncertainty analysis on seepage gradient predictions was performed relative to variability in soil hydraulic properties. A two-dimensional unsaturated/saturated groundwater flow model was used to simulate a homogeneous soil layer for sand and loamy sand soils packed at various bulk densities, ρ_b. A pedotransfer …

Chemistry Of Coal And Coal Combustion Products From Kentucky Power Plants: Results From The 2007 Sampling, With Emphasis On Selenium, James C. Hower, Thomas L. Robl, Gerald A. Thomas, Shelley D. Hopps, Margaret Grider

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

Kentucky produced over 8 Mt of coal combustion products (CCPs) in 2006, with 30% of the CCPs being utilized, a significant increase from our 1996 and 2001 surveys. As much of the increase is related to increased utilization of flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, the increased production of FGD gypsum coincident with the commissioning of new FGD units and the saturation of the (currently) weak market for new construction, the percentage of utilization may decrease by the time of the next planned survey (2011). The concentration of volatile trace elements in the feed coal and in the pulverizer reject, while associated …

An Investigation Of The Behavior Of Raw Calcareous Fly Ash In Mortar Mixtures, Ioanna Papayianni, Eleftherios K. Anastasiou

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The behavior of unprocessed calcareous fly ash in cement mortar mixtures is often questionable and unpredictable and that is one of the difficulties in confining these fly ashes within the limits of standards. This work aims at correlating the material characteristics with its behavior in mortar mixtures. An effort is made to understand how three of the reactive constituents; lime (CaO), silica (SiO2), and sulfates (SO3), affect strength and volume stability. Two raw calcareous fly ashes of different composition emanating from the Ptolemaida area, Greece, were systematically tested to define their profile as cementitious agents that could be incorporated in …

Coal Fired Power Station Ash Products And Eu Regulation, Lindon K.A. Sear

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The UK has a long history of the use of coal fired power station ash products in a range of applications in construction. These range from use in concrete as a cementitious material through to its use as a fill material in embankments. While there have been no environmental problems associated with these uses, environmental regulations emanating from the European Union (EU) are increasingly impacting on the use of these materials. Unfortunately it is not a single set of regulations that are being applied, but three separate and apparently disconnected initiatives; these are Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals (REACH), …

Enriched Coal Ash Utilization For Augmenting Production Of Rice Under Acid Lateritic Soil, S. Karmakar, B.N. Mittra, B.C. Ghosh

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The use of industrial wastes such as fly ash (FA) or rice husk ash (RHA), along with paper factory sludge (PFS), farmyard manure (FYM), and chemical fertilizers (CF), under integrated nutrient management, was studied in acid lateritic soil on rice. Application of combined fertilization sources increased growth, yield attributes, and yield (up to 92.3 and 9.7% over control and CF, respectively) of wet season rice. The uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Co was increased under combined fertilization sources. The study also indicated that such integrated plant nutrition system improved physico-chemical properties of soil …

Erosive Wear In Pipelines At Pneumatic Conveying Of Fine Silicon-Containing Materials, Viacheslav Y. Putilov, Vijay K. Agarwal, Irina V. Putilova

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

Erosive wear is a major operational problem in conveying of hard abrasive bulk materials like silica sand, fly ash, coal dust, etc., in pneumatic conveying systems. Erosion results in emergency downtime of pneumatic conveying installations of ash and slag removal and dust-preparation systems at TPPs caused by holes in pipelines. That leads to worsening of technical, economic, and ecological parameters of thermal power plants as a whole. In MPEI, a model of estimating erosion of rectilinear and curvilinear sections of pneumatic conveying pipelines has been developed. To validate the estimating model developed in the MPEI, experimental investigations in the Indian …

Evaluation Of The Variables That Influence Mercury Capture In Solid Sorbents, M. Antonia Lopez-Anton, Patricia Abad-Valle, Mercedes Diaz-Somoano, M. Rosa Martinez-Tarazona

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

Newly obtained results on mercury retention in fly ashes and activated carbons during coal combustion are compared with previous findings. The influence of different variables on mercury capture, including the composition and nature of the sorbents, the composition of the flue gas and the mercury species in gas phase is investigated. Coal-fired utility boilers are currently the largest single-known source of mercury emissions. According to the USEPA’s Information Collection Request (ICR), on average, only 40% of the mercury entering a coal-fired power plant is captured, while 60% is emitted into the atmosphere. Several solid materials, including activated carbons, are considered …

Mechanical Performance Of Pavement Geomaterials Stabilized With Fly Ash In Field Applications, Lin Li, Tuncer B. Edil, Craig H. Benson

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

This paper describes an evaluation of the mechanical performance of fly ash stabilized materials. Soft clay soil, asphaltic recycled pavement material (RPM), and road-surface gravel (RSG) were stabilized using Class C and off-specification fly ashes to create working platforms or stabilized base courses for construction of flexible and rigid pavements at six sites in Wisconsin and Minnesota. California bearing ratio (CBR), resilient modulus (Mr) tests, and unconfined compression (qu) tests were conducted on the subgrade soil, RPM, and RSG alone and on mixtures prepared in the field and the laboratory to evaluate improvements in bearing resistance and stiffness. Fly ash …

Manufactured Coal Ash Aggregates For Aqueous Tnt Sorption, Sangchul Hwang, Victor Hernandez

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

No abstract provided.

Mineralogy And Leaching Characteristics Of Coal Ash From A Major Brazilian Power Plant, Luis F.O. Silva, Colin R. Ward, James C. Hower, Maria Izquierdo, Frans Waanders, Marcos L.S. Oliveira, Zhongsheng Li, Rachel S. Hatch, Xavier Querol

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The feed coals, fly ashes and bottom ashes collected from seven different units in a major Brazilian PF power plant have been subjected to comprehensive mineralogical, geochemical, and petrographic studies, to investigate the links between feed coal and ash characteristics. Ashes from two of the units were collected while the coal was being co-fired with oil as part of the boiler start-up procedure, allowing the impact of oil co-firing on ash characteristics also to be evaluated. High proportions of unburnt carbon and high proportions of retained sulphur were found in the fly ashes produced during oil co-firing, probably reflecting less …

Precipitation Of Germanium From Coal Fly Ash Leachates, Fatima Arroyo, Constantino Fernandez-Pereira, Pilar Coca

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

The valorization of a coal gasification fly ash was studied by leaching the fly ash using different aqueous solutions followed by the subsequent precipitation of the germanium solubilized from the ash. Experimental investigations were focused on the precipitation of a germanium2catechol (CAT) complex with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The influences of pH and amounts of CTAB and CAT on the precipitation yield were investigated. To this aim, a central composite rotatable design and ANOVA Design Expert 7.0.3 Wiley software were employed for experimental design and analysis of the results. Thus, the independent and combined effects of pH, CAT/Ge and …

The Effect Of Drag-Reducing Additives On The Rheological Properties Of Fly Ash-Water Suspensions At Varying Temperature Environment, H.K. Naik, M.K. Mishra, Rao Karanam U.M.

Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive

Fly ash transportation and disposal is a major problem in India. Presently fly ash is being transported as lean slurry in pipe lines requiring about 80 to 85% of water which, in turn, consumes more energy input. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the rheological characteristics of fly ash slurry at varying temperatures with and without an additive to facilitate smooth flow in the pipelines. Six fly ash slurry samples were prepared from the fly ash obtained from a thermal power plant situated in the southern part of India. The main constituents of the slurry were fly …