Analysis On The Issue Of Ship Sewage In Terms Of Pollution, Discharge And Reception In The Minjiang Inland Port With Countermeasures,
2014
World Maritime University
Analysis On The Issue Of Ship Sewage In Terms Of Pollution, Discharge And Reception In The Minjiang Inland Port With Countermeasures, Binsong Zheng
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Racial Disparities In Access To Community Water Supply Service In Wake County, North Carolina,
2014
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Racial Disparities In Access To Community Water Supply Service In Wake County, North Carolina, Jacqueline Macdonald Gibson, Nicholas Defelice, Daniel Sebastian, Hannah Leker
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Anecdotal evidence suggests that historically African American communities on the fringes of cities and towns in North Carolina have been systematically denied access to municipal drinking water service. This paper presents the first statistical analysis of the role of race in determining water access in these fringe areas, known as extraterritorial jurisdictions. Using publicly available property tax data, we quantified the percentage of residences with municipal water service in each census block in Wake County (the second-largest by population in North Carolina). Using the resulting water service maps plus 2010 U.S. Census data, we employed a logistic regression to assess …
Turbulent Circular Culvert Flow: Implications To Fish Passage Design,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Turbulent Circular Culvert Flow: Implications To Fish Passage Design, Amin Mohebbi
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Culverts are popular conveyance structures in America and Canada to be used as a fish passage or in sewage collection and disposal systems. Fish passage design criteria is based on biological capabilities of fish whereas it should satisfy hydraulic and hydrological constraints as well. Failing to provide enough low velocity regions for aquatic organisms may result in their mass extinctions. Currently, proper road crossing design depends on either model studies or numerical simulations via Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) packages, both of which are expensive and time consuming. Further, although the design procedures released by FHWA recently ensures safe fish migration …
A Cost Benefit Analysis Of Improving Energy Efficiency Of A Fitness Facilty,
2014
Colby College
A Cost Benefit Analysis Of Improving Energy Efficiency Of A Fitness Facilty, Inuri A. Illeperuma
Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics at Colby
Abstract: Nearly 40% of the total U.S. energy consumption in 2012 was consumed in residential and commercial buildings, as recorded by U.S. Energy Information Administration. With the urgent need to reduce overall energy consumption in the U.S., many efforts are made to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. However, energy managers identify budget constraints as one of the main obstacles in improving the energy efficiency of buildings. Hence this study focuses on a cost benefit analysis of improving the energy efficiency, with a special focus on fitness facilities in college environments. As a case study, the author focuses on improving …
Avoided Water Cost Of Electricity Generation For Solar Pv And Wind Technologies In Southern California,
2014
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Avoided Water Cost Of Electricity Generation For Solar Pv And Wind Technologies In Southern California, Matthew Cohen
Master's Theses
The objective of this thesis is to provide a foundation for evaluating the water costs associated with electricity production to calculate the avoided water cost of energy for solar PV and wind technologies relative to coal, natural gas, nuclear, geothermal, concentrated solar thermal, and biomass. Water consumption is estimated for energy production (fuel extraction and preparation) and electricity generation (power plant operation) using the best available information from published articles. The quantity of water consumed for electricity production is monetized for a Southern California case study based on the water rates of Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MET), which …
An Examination Of Radionuclide Transport In The Vadose Zone Using Field Lysimeters,
2014
Clemson University
An Examination Of Radionuclide Transport In The Vadose Zone Using Field Lysimeters, Michael Witmer
All Theses
Understanding how radionuclides interact in the subsurface is important for the remediation of contaminated sites, assessment of risk due to radioactive waste disposal, and designing new radioactive waste management strategies. The current understanding of the geochemical behavior of radionuclides in the subsurface and more specifically the vadose zone has been developed through reactive transport modeling supplemented by laboratory experiments. Interactions between radionuclides with the mineral particles and organic matter in the vadose zone can be very complex and while laboratory experiments produce valuable data, few controlled, intermediate scale transport studies have been performed. In order to accurately predict vadose zone …
Dendritic Polymers As Biocompatible Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness And Mechanisims With Crude Oil,
2014
Clemson University
Dendritic Polymers As Biocompatible Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness And Mechanisims With Crude Oil, Ying Tu
All Theses
Dendritic polymers have recently been shown to entrap polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other hydrophobic materials. Laboratory results have shown that poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) polymers form complexes with linear (hexadecane) and polyaromatic (phenanthrene) hydrocarbons, increasing the dispersion of these model crude oil components. It is thus hypothesized that crude oil can be dispersed using these polymers. Compared with commercial dispersants, dendritic polymers have the potential to be more biocompatible and less toxic. The objective of this research was to gain a fundamental understanding of the interactions of dendritic polymers with crude oil. We used Louisians Sweet Crude oil …
Adsorption Of Halogenated Aliphatic Contaminants By Graphene Nanomaterials: Comparison With Carbon Nanotubes And Granular Activated Carbons,
2014
Clemson University
Adsorption Of Halogenated Aliphatic Contaminants By Graphene Nanomaterials: Comparison With Carbon Nanotubes And Granular Activated Carbons, Yang Zhou
All Theses
Graphene nanomaterials are two-dimensional single layer sp2 hybridized carbon atoms densely packed in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice and can be visualized as basic building blocks for fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphite. In addition, they are hydrophobic nanomaterials and possess a large specific surface area (SSA), thus they have been evaluated as promising adsorbents to remove synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) from water. As with granular activated carbons (GACs) and CNTs, adsorption behavior of SOCs on graphene depends on the physicochemical properties of the adsorbents (e.g., specific surface area, pore size distribution and surface chemistry), SOCs (e.g., hydrophobicity, molecular size and …
The Use Of Oxidants For Ndma Precursor Deactivation In Wastewater Treatment,
2014
Clemson University
The Use Of Oxidants For Ndma Precursor Deactivation In Wastewater Treatment, Jaclyn Lauer
All Theses
Water treatment plants in the United States (US) have been switching from chlorination to chloramination in the search for a disinfection process to reduce formation of regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs). Unfortunately, the trade-off is the formation of N-nitrosamines. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is the most commonly detected N-nitrosamine in US distribution systems. In the Integrated Risk Information Service (IRIS) database of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), NDMA has been identified to have an estimated 10-6 lifetime cancer risk level at a concentration of 0.7 ng/L in drinking water. N-nitrosamines are currently not regulated by the USEPA; however, are listed on …
Assessment Of Nitrifying Bacteria In Massard Plant Using Molecular Tools,
2014
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Assessment Of Nitrifying Bacteria In Massard Plant Using Molecular Tools, Jennifer Puanani Holmes-Smith
Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
The discharge of nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) has become an increasingly important issue in the United States. Ammonia (NH3) is a common contaminant found in domestic wastewater and agricultural runoff. It can cause toxicity in fish if left untreated. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends low national criteria for ammonia limits in freshwater. With these greater restrictions, ammonia-nitrogen limit compliance (5 mg/L) has become an issue at the Massard WWTP in Fort Smith, Arkansas. The purpose of this research is to assess the ammonia removal in the Massard WWTP in order …
Modeling That Leads To The Prediction Of Photocatalytic Coatings Characterization,
2014
University of Southern Mississippi
Modeling That Leads To The Prediction Of Photocatalytic Coatings Characterization, Biju Bajracharya
Dissertations
One of the abundant sources of energy on earth is a solar energy which is the clean and safest energy source. It is also known as universal energy, the most important source of renewable energy available today. On realizing that the light source has a crucial role in daily life, several scientists and researchers from centuries ago have studied to establish photo induced systems and utilized them. Long after the knowledge of thermal energy, photovoltaic energy, and photosynthesis in plants, two prominent scientists, Fujishima and Honda, have discovered the electrochemical photolysis of water with the Titanium dioxide electrode which was …
Lab-Scale Experiment For Assessing The Effect Of Resuspension And Oxygenation On Sediment Oxygen Demand,
2014
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Lab-Scale Experiment For Assessing The Effect Of Resuspension And Oxygenation On Sediment Oxygen Demand, Grace Richardson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the effects of resuspending lake sediment for different time periods in a lab-scale tank under both oxic and anoxic conditions on sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and other related sediment properties. This lab-scale study was conducted as a first step to determine if a proposed method for reducing SOD by treating sediments in lakes and reservoirs is feasible. SOD is a critical process responsible for the formation of anoxic hypolimnia in lakes and reservoirs. A reduction in SOD may delay or eliminate the onset of anoxia in the hypolimnia, preventing adverse ecosystem effects and improving water quality and …
Potential Effects Of Geologic Storage Of Co2 On Surface Water And Shallow Groundwater,
2014
Clemson University
Potential Effects Of Geologic Storage Of Co2 On Surface Water And Shallow Groundwater, Shuangshuang Xie
All Theses
ABSTRACT Storage of supercritical phase CO2 in deep saline aquifers is being considered to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and this process is expected to increase the pressure in these deep aquifers. One potential consequence of pressurization is an increase in the upward flux of saline water. Saline groundwater occurs naturally at shallow depths in many sedimentary basins, so an upward flux of solutes could degrade the quality of aquifers, and threaten aquatic ecosystems where groundwater discharge is important. The objective of this research is to evaluate the impacts associated with increasing the upward flux of saline water as …
Effects Of Natural Organic Matter On Contaminant Removal By Superfine Powdered Activated Carbon Coupled With Microfiltration Membranes,
2014
Clemson University
Effects Of Natural Organic Matter On Contaminant Removal By Superfine Powdered Activated Carbon Coupled With Microfiltration Membranes, Mengfei Li
All Theses
Hybrid activated carbon/membrane systems are used in drinking water treatment for their significant capability of removing synthetic organic contaminants (SOCs) or taste-and-odor compounds along with particles. Preliminary data showed that decreasing the carbon particle size and creating superfine powdered activated carbon (S-PAC) removed phenanthrene and atrazine better than adsorbents with larger particle size in the presence of competitive adsorbents like natural organic matter (NOM). NOM is present in all natural water from degradation of terrestrial biomass which leaches from soil into a water source. Water treatment facilities target the removal of NOM because they are precursors to disinfection by-products formed …
Can Tidal Perturbations Associated With Sea Level Variations In The Western Pacific Ocean Be Used To Understand Future Effects Of Tidal Evolution?,
2014
Portland State University
Can Tidal Perturbations Associated With Sea Level Variations In The Western Pacific Ocean Be Used To Understand Future Effects Of Tidal Evolution?, Adam T. Devlin, David A. Jay, Stefan A. Talke, Edward D. Zaron
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
This study examines connections between mean sea level (MSL) variability and diurnal and semidiurnal tidal constituent variations at 17 open-ocean and 9 continental shelf tide gauges in the western tropical Pacific Ocean, a region showing anomalous rise in MSL over the last 20 years and strong interannual variability. Detrended MSL fluctuations are correlated with detrended tidal amplitude and phase fluctuations, defined as tidal anomaly trends (TATs), to quantify the response of tidal properties to MSL variation. About 20 significant amplitude and phase TATs are found for each of the two strongest tidal constituents, K1 (diurnal) and M2 (semidiurnal). …
Modeling And Analyzing The Impact Of Advanced Technologies On Transit Performance Measures In Arterial Corridors,
2014
Portland State University
Modeling And Analyzing The Impact Of Advanced Technologies On Transit Performance Measures In Arterial Corridors, Miguel A. Figliozzi, Wei Feng
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Transportation and transit agencies have implemented advanced technologies like transit signal priority (TSP) and Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS) to reduce travel times and improve reliability. However, due to the lack of detailed empirical data, the joint impact of these factors and improvement strategies on bus travel time has not been studied at the stop-to-stop segment level. With the aim of assessing the performance of an existing TSP/SCATS system, this study had access to a unique set of high-resolution bus and traffic signal data. Novel algorithms and performance measures to measure TSP performance are proposed. Results indicate that a …
Ecohydrological Function Of Lower Coastal Plain Bioretention Cells In South Carolina,
2014
Clemson University
Ecohydrological Function Of Lower Coastal Plain Bioretention Cells In South Carolina, Jessica Palazzolo
All Theses
Flooding and stormwater control is a critical issue in coastal South Carolina because of shallow water table elevation, topography and rapid urbanization in the region. A best management practice (BMP) using low impact design (LID) principles known as a bioretention cell (BRC) is gaining popularity for stormwater management. Five BRCs in four landscape positions (well-drained uplands, tidal-proximal, poorly-drained-uplands, and floodplain) were instrumented for microclimate, soil moisture, and water table elevation for hydraulic efficiency and for water quality measurements. Three BRCs did not have an overflow outlets, one BRC (floodplain) employed an underdrain system, and one BRC (tidal proximal) had an …
Anaerobic And Aerobic Biodegradation Of The Oil Dispersant Components 1,2-Propanediol And 2-Butoxyethanol In Seawater,
2014
Clemson University
Anaerobic And Aerobic Biodegradation Of The Oil Dispersant Components 1,2-Propanediol And 2-Butoxyethanol In Seawater, Benjamin Rhiner
All Theses
Oil spills are a recurring issue associated with fossil fuel consumption. The largest accidental oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry was the Deepwater Horizon explosion and seafloor well blowout, where the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded and sank, allowing the well to gush uncontrolled from April 20, 2010, until it was capped on July 15, 2010, releasing an estimated 210,000,000 gallons of oil. Oil dispersants were used in unprecedented quantities during the cleanup response to the spill with a total of 1,840,000 gallons of the dispersant COREXIT being applied. The goal of this research was to evaluate …
Predictive Model Development For Adsorption Of Organic Contaminants By Carbon Nanotubes,
2014
Clemson University
Predictive Model Development For Adsorption Of Organic Contaminants By Carbon Nanotubes, Onur Apul
All Dissertations
The main objective of the study was to investigate mechanisms and statistical modeling of synthetic organic contaminant (SOC) adsorption by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). First, predictive models were developed for adsorption of low molecular weight aromatic compounds by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using experimental data for 59 compounds. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) approaches were employed and developed models were externally validated using an independent dataset obtained from the literature. Up to date, no QSAR model has been reported for predicting adsorption of organics by CNTs. No LSER model is available which comprehensively investigates the adsorption …
The Effects Of Amine Structure, Chloramine Species And Oxidation Strategies On The Formation Of N-Nitrosodimethylamine,
2014
Clemson University
The Effects Of Amine Structure, Chloramine Species And Oxidation Strategies On The Formation Of N-Nitrosodimethylamine, Meric Selbes
All Dissertations
To comply with the increasingly stringent disinfection by-product (DBP) regulations in the United States, many water treatment plants have been switching from chlorination to chloramination in the last decade. Although chloramination reduces the formation of regulated DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, it causes the formation of nitrosamines. Nitrosamines are a class of compounds that are probable human carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens at concentrations as low as 0.2 ng/L. In particular, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is the most frequently detected nitrosamine in distribution systems in the United States. Although, nitrosamines are currently not regulated by the USEPA, they have been recently …
