Removal Of Cattle Manure Constituents In Runoff From No-Till Cropland As Affected By Setback Distance,
2016
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Removal Of Cattle Manure Constituents In Runoff From No-Till Cropland As Affected By Setback Distance, John E. Gilley, Aaron J. Sindelar, Bryan L. Woodbury
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Vegetative filter strips located at the bottom of a hillslope have been shown to substantially reduce nutrients and sediment in runoff. Cropland areas could serve a similar function. However, little scientifically derived information is available to help identify the setback distances required to effectively reduce the transport of contaminants in runoff. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of setback distance and runoff rate on the concentrations and mass transport rates of selected constituents following land application of beef cattle manure to a no-till cropland area. The study site had a residue cover of 8.84 Mg ha …
Using Fluorescence To Characterize Four Day Simulated Distribution System Trihalomethane Content In Florida Groundwaters,
2016
University of Central Florida
Using Fluorescence To Characterize Four Day Simulated Distribution System Trihalomethane Content In Florida Groundwaters, Jonathan Ousley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulates public water systems and has established limits for certain disinfection by products (DBPs) that have been linked to health effects, such as bladder cancer. The regulation of DBPs, specifically total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), have encouraged water treatment professionals to assess the type and amount of organic precursors in their supplies. Three of the more common water quality parameters that are monitored as DBP surrogates include dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorbance (UV254), and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA). Although DOC, UV254, and SUVA have been effectively correlated to DBP formation, …
Control Of Metal-Release And Tuberculation In A Silica-Laden Groundwater Distribution System On The Volcanic Island Of Lana'i,
2016
University of Central Florida
Control Of Metal-Release And Tuberculation In A Silica-Laden Groundwater Distribution System On The Volcanic Island Of Lana'i, Samantha Myers
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A corrosion control study for two distinct water distribution systems (WDS) has been completed for the Pulama Lana'i Water Company (Pulama). This project evaluated the use of chemical inhibitors to control corrosion and tuberculation within the Manele Bay WDS and the Lana'i City WDS. Pulama provides water to a population of 3,100 residents and is considering incorporating alternative water supplies in the future. Hence, knowing baseline corrosion rates within the WDS was desired. Several groundwater wells feed each of the WDS's; however, water quality between wells varies. Well water supplied to the WDS's is generally of high quality, therefore, the …
The Effect Of Glycerol On Readily Biodegradable Chemical Oxygen Demand (Rbcod) In A Wastewater Stream,
2016
University of Central Florida
The Effect Of Glycerol On Readily Biodegradable Chemical Oxygen Demand (Rbcod) In A Wastewater Stream, Rojina Rawut
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study evaluated the short-term effects of glycerol addition on readily biodegradable (RB) chemical oxygen demand (COD) in a carbon limited wastewater influent. The presence of an RB fraction provides with a suitable substrate for microorganisms to produce volatile fatty acids (VFA). The oxygen utilization rate (OUR) has been used to evaluate the oxygen consumption for RB substrate in wastewater. Wastewater with low organic content contains limited RB substrate, and thus, additional carbon source is required to improve biological treatment capability. Acetate, propionate, methanol, and glycerol are the commonly available carbon sources for biological treatment process. However, the cost of …
Integrating Spray Aeration And Granular Activated Carbon For Disinfection By-Product Control In A Potable Water System,
2016
University of Central Florida
Integrating Spray Aeration And Granular Activated Carbon For Disinfection By-Product Control In A Potable Water System, Angela Rodriguez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Public water systems add disinfectants in water treatment to inactivate microbial pathogens. Chlorine, when used as a disinfectant, reacts with natural organic matter in the water to form trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA5) disinfection by-products (DBPs), which are suspected carcinogens. The Safe Drinking Water Act's Disinfectant and Disinfection By-Product (D/DBP) Rules were promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to regulate the amount of DBPs in water systems. Regulatory compliance is based on maximum contaminant levels (MCL), measured as a locational running annual average (LRAA), for total THM (TTHM) and HAA5 of 80 µg/L and 60 µg/L, respectively. Regulated …
The Effect Of Recycled Backwash Water Operations On Fouling In A Coagulation-Ultrafiltration Process And Impact Of Preozonation On Membrane Productivity,
2016
University of Central Florida
The Effect Of Recycled Backwash Water Operations On Fouling In A Coagulation-Ultrafiltration Process And Impact Of Preozonation On Membrane Productivity, Paul Biscardi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation consists of research that focused on pretreatment strategies to reduce fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes used for drinking water treatment, and was segmented into four key components. (1) In the first component of the work, the long-term fouling behavior of a polyethersulfone (PES) hollow-fiber UF membrane was studied at the pilot-scale for treatment of surface water over a one-year period. Pilot testing of a coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) pretreatment system revealed that chemically irreversible fouling was poorly correlated with turbidity and total organic carbon. It was also shown that recycled backwash water may have impacted membrane process performance, and that …
Anthropogenic Organic Chemical Removal From A Surficial Groundwater And Mass Transfer Modeling In A Nanofiltration Membrane Process,
2016
University of Central Florida
Anthropogenic Organic Chemical Removal From A Surficial Groundwater And Mass Transfer Modeling In A Nanofiltration Membrane Process, Samantha Black
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation reports on research related to trace organic compounds (TrOCs) in surficial groundwater supplies and their subsequent removal from nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The research was conducted along coastal South Florida in cooperation with the Town of Jupiter Water Utilities, Jupiter, FL (Town). The focus of the research was to determine the extent of reclaimed water impacts on surficial groundwater supplies and subsequent effects on the Town's NF water treatment plant. Routine monitoring of fourteen TrOCs in reclaimed water and at the water treatment facility revealed varying degrees of TrOC detection in the environment. Certain TrOCs, including caffeine and DEET, …
Protein-Targeted Corona Phase Molecular Recognition,
2016
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Protein-Targeted Corona Phase Molecular Recognition, Gili Bisker, Juyao Dong, Hoyoung D. Park, Nicole M. Iverson, Jiyoung Ahn, Justin T. Nelson, Markita P. Landry, Sebastian Kruss, Michael S. Strano
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Corona phase molecular recognition (CoPhMoRe) uses a heteropolymer adsorbed onto and templated by a nanoparticle surface to recognize a specific target analyte. This method has not yet been extended to macromolecular analytes, including proteins. Herein we develop a variant of a CoPhMoRe screening procedure of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and use it against a panel of human blood proteins, revealing a specific corona phase that recognizes fibrinogen with high selectivity. In response to fibrinogen binding, SWCNT fluorescence decreases by >80% at saturation. Sequential binding of the three fibrinogen nodules is suggested by selective fluorescence quenching by isolated sub-domains and validated …
Characteristics And Composition Of Magnetic Concentrates Of Bottom Ash Samples From Two Types Of Thermal Power Plants In Odisha, India,
2016
Chief Scientist (Retired), CSIR-IMMT, Bhubaneswar-751 013, India
Characteristics And Composition Of Magnetic Concentrates Of Bottom Ash Samples From Two Types Of Thermal Power Plants In Odisha, India, Subir Kumar Das
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
Aluminosilicate bottom ash samples were examined from a thermal power plant in Talcher (sample NT-BA) and in Sambalpur (sample HR-BA), Odisha, India, to determine magnetic particle morphology, internal structure, mineralogy, mineral chemistry, ash fusion temperature, chemical composition, and leaching characteristics. The Talcher plant has adopted pulverized coal combustion, whereas the Sambalpur plant uses circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler technology. For NT-BA, most magnetic particles were ideal solid spheres (ferrospheres) with diverse morphological features (smooth, granular, dendritic and skeletal, porous, spotted, polygonal, and hollow [magnetite cenospheres]). For HR-BA, magnetic particles were subspherical, oval, and angular and showed widely varying surface morphologies, …
Distribution Of Uranium And Other Radionuclides In Coal And Coal Combustion Products, With Discussion Of Occurrences Of Combustion Products In Kentucky Power Plants,
2016
University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Distribution Of Uranium And Other Radionuclides In Coal And Coal Combustion Products, With Discussion Of Occurrences Of Combustion Products In Kentucky Power Plants, James C. Hower, Shifeng Dai, Greta Eskenazy
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
Uranium and thorium are part of the mineral assemblages within coals. Uranium can also occur in organic associations, particularly in low-rank coals. While the average U concentration in coals is 2.9 ppm for low-rank coals and 1.9 ppm for bituminous and higher rank coals, high concentrations are known from certain low-rank and thin coals and from coals in areas associated with U mineralization. No high-U coals are mined for power production in the United States. Uranium and Th in coal combustion products are found in amounts more or less in proportion to their concentrations in the feed coal. Not being …
Preliminary Investigation Into The Rate Of Carbonation Of Concrete Blocks Under Normal Production Yard Conditions,
2016
Technological University Dublin
Preliminary Investigation Into The Rate Of Carbonation Of Concrete Blocks Under Normal Production Yard Conditions, Aimee Byrne, Eanna Nolan
Conference papers
The release of CO2 from calcination during the manufacture of cement can be partially or fully offset by the CO2 it naturally absorbs during its lifetime. This paper reports results from a preliminary investigation into the rate of carbonation in concrete blocks stacked in a production yard over a period of 6 months. The blocks were stacked in a normal manner under natural exposure conditions. Carbonation progress was determined by splitting the blocks and spraying the freshly exposed surface with a phenolphthalein solution at intervals over the test period. It was found that the rate of the carbonation front progression …
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Studies On Fly Ash Zeolites,
2016
Department of Thermal and Nuclear Power Engineering, Technical University of Sofia, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Studies On Fly Ash Zeolites, Denitza Zgureva
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
In this study, the potential of fly ash zeolites (FAZ) Linde (LTA) and faujasite (FAU) to adsorb carbon dioxide (CO2) was investigated in view of the results of implementation in postcombustion carbon-capture technologies. Adsorption isotherms of selected samples were measured at 273.15 K by a Micromeritics Tristar II 3020 surface analyzer. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained for FAZ with a FAU structure synthesized by a two-stage fusion hydrothermal process from fly ash (FA) that was composed of 65 wt% amorphous components. The adsorption capacity for this sample reached a value of 136.40 mg CO2/g FAZ at atmospheric pressure, a …
Analysis Of Scientific Investigations Related To Reclamation Of Surface Mining Control And Reclamation Act Permitted Coal Mines With Coal Combustion By-Products,
2016
617 Castle Ridge Drive, Wentzville, MO 63385, USA
Analysis Of Scientific Investigations Related To Reclamation Of Surface Mining Control And Reclamation Act Permitted Coal Mines With Coal Combustion By-Products, Kimery C. Vories
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
In the United states, the placement of coal combustion by-products (CCBs) (i.e., fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, flue gas desulfurization material, and fluidized bed combustion material) in coal mines has been an area of controversy. Federal and state governments, universities, the National Energy Technology Laboratory, and industrial research organizations have taken an active role in encouraging and promoting technological advances, research, and technology transfer related to the use of CCBs at coal mines. CCBs have been placed at Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) permitted mines since 1977 to serve the following purposes: (1) a seal …
Coal Ash By-Product From Shanxi Province, China, For The Production Of Portland–Calcium Sulfoaluminate,
2016
University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Coal Ash By-Product From Shanxi Province, China, For The Production Of Portland–Calcium Sulfoaluminate, Tristana Y. Duvallet, Thomas L. Robl, Kevin R. Henke, Yongmin Zhou, David Harris
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
Twenty bulk samples were collected from ponded coal combustion ash in Shanxi Province, China, as part of an investigation of their beneficiation potential. The samples were shipped to the University of Kentucky, where they were chemically analyzed. The samples were highly consistent in chemistry, falling within the ASTM C-618 class F compositional range. The particle size of the ponded ash was relatively coarse, with only ,7% by weight on average, falling below 200 mesh (75 mm) particle size. The bulk of the material (.80%) was within 50 by 200 mesh (equivalent to 300 by 75 mm). X-ray diffraction investigation combined …
Effect Of Coal Fly Ash Leachate On The Bioluminescence Intensity Of Vibrio Fischeri,
2016
Graduate School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
Effect Of Coal Fly Ash Leachate On The Bioluminescence Intensity Of Vibrio Fischeri, Shiro Ikeda, Irena Kostova, Hideaki Sekine, Yoshika Sekine
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
Coal fly ash is a residue of coal-fired thermoelectric power plants (TPPs) and is mostly dumped in ash ponds or landfill sites, even though it potentially contains significant amounts of water-soluble hazardous contaminants. Bioassay using the bioluminescent bacterium *Vibrio fischeri* is known to be applicable for assessing the short-term and sublethal toxicity of complex mixtures without the need for precise chemical characterization. However, this type of bioassay is potentially adversely influenced by the pH-induced protein denaturation of cells. Because coal fly ash leachates often have alkaline or acidic properties, when applying the *V. fischeri*-based bioassay to the samples, we need …
Influence Of Coal-Fired Power Plant Emissions Regulations And Consequent Engineering Controls And Coal-Supply Modifications On Fly Ash Chemistry And Petrology: Examples From Kentucky Power Plants,
2016
Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Influence Of Coal-Fired Power Plant Emissions Regulations And Consequent Engineering Controls And Coal-Supply Modifications On Fly Ash Chemistry And Petrology: Examples From Kentucky Power Plants, Madison M. Hood, John G. Groppo, Michelle N. Johnston, James C. Hower, Herek L. Clack, Diego S. De Medeiros, Silvio R. Taffarel, Cesar M.N.L. Cutruneo, Luis F.O. Silva
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
The chemistry and petrology of fly ash are controlled by a number of factors: (1) chemistry of the feed coal (and added fuels, such as petroleum coke, tires, biomass, etc.), (2) particle size of the fuel feed (controlled by pulverized fuel vs. cyclone combustion, maintenance of pulverizers, etc.), (3) design of the boiler and pollution-control system, and (4) temperature of the flue gas at the collection point. In general, for any electrostatic precipitator or baghouse system, the concentrations of volatile trace elements in fly ash will increase with a drop in the flue gas temperature and a decrease in the …
Using Zeolite For Soil Moisture Retention And Salinity Control,
2016
University of Texas at El Paso
Using Zeolite For Soil Moisture Retention And Salinity Control, Mark Torres
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
There is a great need in the desert southwest United States for exploring ways to save water in agriculture as it accounts for up to 90 percent of water consumption in many western states (USDA 2016). As surface water reaches critical lows the dependence on ground water has increased leading to the need for deeper wells with higher salt concentrations. The studies conducted for this research included using zeolites from the St Cloud Mining Company in Winston, New Mexico to determine the feasibility of using these zeolites to help and retain moisture in zeolite treated soils. The Volumetric Water Content …
Estimating Air Pollution Concentrations Using Moves-Generated Site-Specific Traffic Emissions,
2016
University of Texas at El Paso
Estimating Air Pollution Concentrations Using Moves-Generated Site-Specific Traffic Emissions, Mayra Consuelo Chavez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The research presented here attempts to estimate air pollution concentrations using MOVES and site-specific traffic emissions particularly those emissions surrounding three different air-monitoring stations. The objectives of this research include using MOVES capability to conduct project-level analyses, choosing impact zones to create emissions inventories. Emissions inventories provided by the MOVES model for impact zones within the El Paso county area were used to identify a relationship between air monitoring stations' measured results and emission estimates from a project-level analysis. The research hopes to identify an optimum zone radius that can be used to compare MOVES estimates with air monitoring stations …
Application Of Landfill Treatment Approaches For The Stabilization Of Municipal Solid Waste,
2016
University of Central Florida
Application Of Landfill Treatment Approaches For The Stabilization Of Municipal Solid Waste, Stephanie Bolyard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research focused on the fundamental requirements of stabilizing a mature landfill using three treatment approaches as well as the implications of discharging leachate organic matter (LOM) to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Three treatment approaches aimed at removing releasable carbon and nitrogen from mature landfills including flushing with clean water, leachate recirculation with ex-situ chemical oxidation, and leachate recirculation with ex-situ chemical oxidation and in-situ aeration were evaluated. After extensive treatment of the waste in the flushing bioreactor (FB) scenarios, the overall biodegradable fraction was reduced relative to mature waste. Leachate quality improved for all FBs but through different mechanisms. …
Reuse Of Aqueous Waste Streams For Transportation-Related Applications,
2016
South Dakota State University
Reuse Of Aqueous Waste Streams For Transportation-Related Applications, Gregory L. Hansen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Aqueous waste streams produced from commercial, industrial, and municipal processes may be potentially reused for transportation applications. The objectives of this project were to identify potential transportation-related applications for aqueous waste streams available in South Dakota, develop guidance for the beneficial reuse of aqueous waste streams, and evaluate the reuse of MIEX® brine generated by the Watertown Municipal Water Treatment Plant (WMWTP). This study identified many aqueous wastes from municipal water and wastewater treatment facilities, industrial and agricultural processes in South Dakota that can be potentially used for ice and dust control. Beneficial reuse of these waste streams requires a …
