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Chapter Iv — Eurocentric Versus Ethio-Centric Approaches To Ethiopia’S Modernization Lag: The Concept Of Derailment, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

After studying the link between survival and modernization, the next logical step is to provide concrete answers to the question of why Ethiopia’s impressive record of survival failed to initiate a successful process of modernization. In fact, the greater the resolution to survive, the more determined should have been the drive toward modernization. Yet, not only is Ethiopia still ranked among the poorest countries, but it is also entangled in numerous internal conflicts, the primary consequence of which is an unending political instability threatening its very existence. However, before delving into the reasons for the Ethiopian failure to modernize, we …

Chapter V — Derailed Modernization: The Imperial Phase, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

The critical review of the explanation of the failure of Ethiopian modernization from the perspective of modernization theory, that is, from the alleged contrast between tradition and modernity, has revealed that the concept of derailed modernization is more appropriate than the argument stating that inherent defects prevented Ethiopia’s modernization. The expression “derailed” puts the blame not so much on inner obstacles as on the spoiling of assets and opportunities. The change of approach speaks of engagement into a wandering path, the outcome of which was and still is the multiplication of difficulties. Indeed, obstacles hinder, but they can also be …

Nussbaum: The Importance Of Storytelling And Engendering Compassion For Today’S Political Life, Kristoffer Bolaños,

Mabini Review

Nussbaum’s Upheavals of Thought: The Intelligence of Emotions addresses the importance of compassion in social and political practices, in the face of a rather emotionless (and hence, fragmented and reductionistic) Western political mindset. But rather than crude emotion driven by waywardness and directionless thinking, the compassion she suggests is likened to a reasonable political psychology, which is a sort of empowerment for individuals—it opens avenues for understanding the vulnerabilities even of the most marginalized sectors of the society, therefore, rather than hating them for being the way they are, we can be sympathetic about, say, the external economic and institutional …

Pantayong Pananaw Bilang Dulog Sa Teolohiyang Pilipino (From-Us-For-Us Perspective As An Approach To Filipino Theology), Mark Joseph Santos

Mabini Review

Colonial and elitist theology have been dominating the Philippine theological landscape for a very long time. This is a kind of theology that is Western and thus alienated from the reality of Philippine society, and written in English and therefore cannot be comprehended by the people. Because of this, a large part of theology as an academic discipline is still irrelevant to the Filipino context. One of the instruments that can serve as an antidote to this problem is the use of Pantayong Pananaw (From-Us-For- Us Perspective) as an approach. Through Pantayong Pananaw, Teolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Theology) can enrich itself …

My Guy Sa Malakanyang: Ang Mga Internal At Eksternal Na Problema At Hamong Tinugunan At Kinaharap Ng Administrasyon Ni Pangulong Ramon Magsaysay (My Guy In Malacañang: The Internal And External Problems And Challenges Addressed And Faced By The Administration Of President Ramon Magsaysay), Jeremiah Montejo

Mabini Review

One of the most celebrated personalities in the political arena, both domestically and internationally, is the 7th President of the Philippines Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay Sr., Most known as “My Guy.” He gained mass support and almost a cult-of-personality status thanks to his unique campaign jingle, “Mambo Magsaysay,” composed by Sen. Raul Manglapus in 1953. Despite holding the highest position in government, he is remembered as a president who look for and cared for the Common tao (common people) due to his down-to-earth personification. Tracing roots into his humble begginings being raised in simple way of life in the town …

Chapter Vi —The Radicalization Of Ethiopian Students, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

When one analyzes the Ethiopian Revolution of 1974, the aspect that needs to be primarily explained is not so much the uprising against the imperial regime as its precipitous shift toward socialist demands and slogans. Many unsolved problems liable to provoke widespread discontents saddled the regime. None of them, however, required or invited a socialist revolution per se. The decisive impulse toward a socialist revolution came undoubtedly from the Ethiopian student movement. Accordingly, any inquiry about the revolution must begin by unraveling the reasons that brought about the radicalization of a great majority of Ethiopian students and intellectuals. A compelling …

Ang Artista Sa Panahon Ng Tiktok, Vlog,At Madlang Kabulaanan (The Artist In The Age Of Tiktok, Vlogging, And Mass Deception), Dr. Nicanor Tiongson

Mabini Review

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Deleuze’S Nietzsche: Life, Critique, And Difference, Dr. Raniel Reyes

Mabini Review

In this article, I re-visit and navigate Nietzsche’s concepts of genealogy, will to power, and the eternal return through the lens of Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy. Nietzschean philosophy occupies a significant part in the preliminary blueprints of Deleuze’s philosophy of difference, which relatively encompasses even his collaborative scholarship with Guattari. Hence, this research likewise diagrams some critical affinities between Nietzsche and Deleuze, in conjunction with other contemporary thinkers and issues. My disquisition of the aphorism as a philosophical style and genealogy grounds my engagement with the principles of will to power and the eternal return. Through the evaluative aptitude of the …

A Hegelian Approach To Environmental Philosophy, Mary Sarah Angoluan,

Mabini Review

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel has been known as one of the philosophers that does not promote environmentalism as most of his works were focused on Nature vis-à-vis Spirit implies anthropocentrism. Hegel was considered a champion of the unqualified industrial exploitation of nature. But recently, researchers deemed that Hegel’s philosophy can accommodate the problems related to environmental philosophy. Hence, this paper will focus on the potentiality of Hegel’s use in Environmentalism, in agreement with Nicholas Mowad’s work The Natural World Spirit : Hegel on the Value of Nature (2012), Alison Stone’s work Petrified Intelligence (2005), and Wendell Kisner’s work The Category …

Angat Buhay Lahat? A Review On The State Of Philippine Politics And The Frame Of Democracy During The 2022 Philippine National Elections, Arvin John Ramirez

Mabini Review

The 1987 Philippine Constitution describes the Philippines as a “democratic and republican State”. The same constitution upheld sovereignty of the country resides in the Filipino people and such that the government authority emanates from them. This provision clearly describes how democracy should work in the Philippines. However, election-related violence and vote buying are still happening around the country. These incidences are backed up by various theories about how democracy is operated in the Philippines such as elite democracy, patron-client framework and utang na loob. These two concepts may be the reason why political dynasties exist in the country, which leads …

Mga Saysay Ng Nalalabing Tagulaylay Sa Malayo: Salin Ng Mga Piling Tula Mula Sa Caribbean At Latina Amerika (The Meanings Of The Remaining Lament From Afar: Translations Of Selected Poems From The Caribbean And Latin America), Marvin Lobos

Mabini Review

The paper aims to document the translation process and give a preliminary perspective on the practice of translation studies of the selected poems from the Caribbean and Latin America, nations who, like ours, experienced colonialism and continues to struggle and heal from the scars left even at present. The paper is divided into three parts. First is a discussion of the literary and translation relation of the Philippines to the said regions. Second, it discusses the challenging nature of poetry translation, review of different approaches and considerations in the significantly challenging kind of literary translation. And third, it narrates the …

Chapter Vii — The Overthrow Of The Imperial Regime, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

In distinction to the tendency of imputing the delay of Ethiopian modernization to the lack of social peace, which was used as a pretext to institute and justify imperial absolutism, the radicalization of students, in line with the unadulterated principle “modernity versus tradition, blamed the presence of traditional features, notably the impeding role of the “feudal” class, the anachronism of the imperial state, and the obscurantist influence of the church, for the general failure of Ethiopian modernization. The students’ standpoint assumed the ideological leadership of the social protests and spread the conviction that Marxist-Leninist socialism is the only remedy to …

Chapter Viii — Derailed Modernization: The Derg’S Phase, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

The cultural trait making higher social positions into contested temporary occupations (see Chapter III on idil) should have found, in the modernization process of evicting outdated, anti-modern occupants, an even better opportunity to vent itself. In the traditional system, power struggles opposed ambitious individuals who shared common values and a mutual understanding of social life. The struggle did not go beyond the act of changing places in a fixed social framework. However, as a result of the impact of exogenous modern ideas, the struggle shifted to a confrontation between elites with different ideologies and social programs. These elites want to …

Taste: A Philosophy Of Food, Sarah Worth

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This book has been such a labor of love for me; I cannot thank my commentators enough for taking this work seriously and giving such thoughtful feedback. Carolyn Korsmeyer, Deborah Knight, and Alexandra Plakias were willing not only to do an author-meets-critic session but to develop their thoughts further into these papers. I could not receive higher praise as a philosopher than serious consideration. The primary claim of my book is about the ways in which gustatory taste should be taken more seriously, especially as a form of knowledge. I approach this suggestion not from the historical sense of taste …

The Pleasure Of Knowing: Comments On Sarah Worth's Taste, Alexandra Plakias

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In Taste: A Philosophy of Food, Sarah Worth explores the aesthetics of food through the philosophy of slow food. She discusses the relationship between the pleasure we take in our food and our knowledge of what we’re eating; on Worth’s view, taste is both a source of pleasure and a source of knowledge — provided we cultivate the skill of tasting in the right way. Here, I discuss Worth’s account of gustatory knowledge and suggest some complicating factors: in particular, not everyone has access to the sorts of foods required to cultivate the skill of taste and our food …

Eat, Taste, Know – Reflections On Sarah Worth’S Taste: A Philosophy Of Food, Deborah Knight

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Sarah Worth argues that philosophy should take gustatory taste seriously. While taste has played a central role in philosophical aesthetics, “aesthetic taste” is a trope referring to our judgments about the value or merit of an object, typically a work of art. What, then, about the literal sense of taste — the perception of flavor when we have something like food or drink in our mouths? Because our wide range of gustatory experiences and the kinds of judgments we make about them are so intimately connected to the kinds of things we eat, I look at fast food versus slow …

Taste, Knowledge, And Discernment: On Sarah Worth’S Taste, Carolyn Korsmeyer

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In the course of her exposition of the sense of taste, Sarah Worth argues that taste can provide a purely sensuous, aesthetic kind of knowledge that is rooted in bodily sensation, in contrast to the information-gathering provided by the distance senses of vision and hearing. As such, taste experience is also independent of propositional knowledge. I argue that, on the contrary, taste is not only multimodal but its full operation is also dependent on certain ongoing cognitive conditions. Although Worth declares that there is no such thing as an aesthetic obligation, her defense of the importance of taste actually suggests …

Chapter Ix — Derailed Modernization: The Ethnonationalist Phase, Messay Kebede

Ethiopian Modernization: Opportunities and Derailments

The last chapter concluded with the generalized expectation that the fall of the Derg would set in motion some form of democratization dismantling the wide-ranging restrictions of the existing socialist system, even if there was uncertainty about the real political program of the victorious Tigrean insurgents. Despite promises of democratization, it did not take long for people to realize that Ethiopia was heading for yet another version of hegemonic rule, this one replacing the class ideology of the previous regime with ethnonationalism. As though a curse were on it, Ethiopia’s modernization will once more stumble over an ideology and a …

Making Decisions "In The Dark": Learning Through Uncertainty In Clinical Practice During Covid-19, Urvashi Vaid, Henriette Lundgren, Karen E. Watkins, Deborah Ziring, Grace A. Alcid, Victoria J. Marsick, Dimitrios Papanagnou

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore how decision making and informal and incidental learning (IIL) emerged in the clinical learning environment (CLE) during the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors' specific interest was to better understand the IIL that took place among frontline physicians who had to navigate a CLE replete with uncertainty and complexity with the future goal of creating experiences for medical students that would simulate IIL and use uncertainty as a catalyst for learning.

METHOD: Using a modified constructivist, grounded theory approach, we describe physicians' IIL while working during times of heightened uncertainty. …

Japanese-English Translation: Nishida Kitarō––“Self-Determination Of The Eternal Now” 「永遠の今の自己限定」、西田幾多郎著（昭和六年七月） (July 1931) §1 Of 4; Complete Draft (Supersedes Draft Of 2 Jan 19); Translated By Christopher Southward; Revision And Expansion Underway, Christopher Southward

Comparative Literature Faculty and Student Scholarship

Japanese-English Translation: Nishida Kitarō––“Self-Determination of the Eternal Now” (July 1931) 「永遠の今の自己限定」、西田幾多郎著（昭和六年七月）

§1 of 4; Complete Draft (Supersedes Draft of 2 Jan 2019)

Translated from the Japanese by Christopher Southward; Revision and Expansion Underway, October 2023