Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

Phonological Processing In Children With Dyslexia: Analyzing Nonword Repetition Error Types, Camille Christine Stanley

Theses and Dissertations

This study analyzes quantitative and qualitative differences in errors made during a nonword repetition task between children with dyslexia (n = 75) and their typically developing (TD) peers (n = 75). Participants were auditorily presented with 16 nonwords based on a CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) pattern; nonwords varied from two to five syllables in length. Verbal responses were recorded, transcribed, and consonant phonemes were analyzed according to the following error types: substitutions, omissions, insertions, and transpositions. Analyses found that children with dyslexia perform more poorly on nonword repetition as compared to their TD peers. Specifically, during this nonword repetition task children with …

A Large-Scale Clustered Randomized Control Trial Examining The Effects Of A Multi-Tiered Oral Narrative Language Intervention On Kindergarten Oral And Written Narratives And Oral Expository Language, Mollie Paige Brough

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of a multi-tiered oral narrative language intervention on kindergarteners’ oral and written narrative and oral expository skills. The participants included 686 kindergarten students from four school districts in the upper Midwest. They were randomly assigned at the classroom level to a treatment or control condition. The treatment group received large group (tier-1) oral narrative language instruction led by classroom teachers and followed the Story Champs procedures. Students whose oral narrative retell skills did not improve after one month of large group instruction were placed in small groups and received …

Articulatory Kinematic Compensation For A Bite Block During Diphthong Production, Michelle Olson Richins

Theses and Dissertations

The current study examined the effects of bite blocks on articulatory kinematics when producing diphthongs /ɑɪ/ and /É‘ÊŠ/ within a phrase. Participants consisted of 20 young adults (10 males, 10 females) with no speech, language or hearing disorders. Participants produced the diphthongs in the carrier phrase Im an owl that hoots. A Northern Digital Instruments Wave electromagnetic articulograph measured the articulatory movements while the speaker produced the stimuli in two conditions (pre bite block insertion and post bite block insertion). Bilateral bite blocks were made using Express dental putty, which is a silicone impression material, in order to create a …

The Ability Of Children With Developmental Language Disorder (Dld) To Infer Emotions From Pictures: Where's The Breakdown?, Mary Rebekah Forbes

Theses and Dissertations

Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) often have difficulties with social and emotional learning, including emotion understanding and inferencing. Five children with DLD, ages 6;4 to 11;9, identified emotions depicted in pictured scenarios over a period of 10 weeks. Emotion categories included happy, sad, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust. Each child's responses were analyzed and plotted on a confusion matrix. In a few cases, children did not interpret the scenario accurately. Even when they interpreted the scenario accurately, all of the children misapplied, overgeneralized, or confused emotion labels in some cases. These errors represented limitations in social and emotional learning …

The Accuracy Of A Spanish Dynamic Assessment Of Narrative Language In Identifying Language Disorder: A Cross Validation Study, Mariah Forbush Romero

Theses and Dissertations

This cross-validation study investigated the extent that a Spanish narrative language dynamic assessment accurately identified students with and without language disorder across three separate samples of bilingual and monolingual Spanish-speaking students from Guatemala, Mexico, and the U.S. Students with language disorder and students with typically developing language were administered a narrative dynamic assessment in Spanish. A test-teach-retest format of dynamic assessment was followed and student modifiability, or learning ability, was rated directly following the teaching phase of the assessment. Results indicated that the most predictive dynamic assessment variables for the Guatemalan sample were posttest scores combined with two separate modifiability …

Modeling Subglottic Stenosis Effects On Phonation Threshold Pressure In The Porcine Larynx, Jessica Maryn Murphey

Theses and Dissertations

Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a narrowing of the airway below the vocal folds and above the trachea. This narrowing may be idiopathic or caused by scarring in the airway due to prolonged endotracheal intubation, radiation therapy, trauma, or gastroesophageal reflux disease. People who present with SGS often experience respiratory difficulty both at rest and during exertion. Breathing difficulty increases with stenosis severity. SGS is also associated with voice problems. Research has identified relationships among stenosis severity, voice function and certain types of surgical management; however, many aspects of these relationships are not fully understood due to the complexities of studying …

Relationship Between Subject Pronoun And Verb Finite Marking In Aae-Speaking Children, Emily C. Sossaman

LSU Master's Theses

Children learning General American English (GAE) show a relationship between their case marking of subject pronouns and their marking of finite verbs, and this relationship has been found for children with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing controls (TD). The relationship between children’s case marking of subject pronouns and finite verb marking has not been examined in children who speak dialects of English that differ from GAE. The purpose of the current study was to examine this relationship in children learning African American English (AAE) as this dialect differs from GAE. The data came from an archival dataset of …

Use Of Video-Models To Teach Language Stimulation Techniques, Jason Killian

LSU Master's Theses

The current study was designed to assess the feasibility of creating videos depicting Enhanced Milieu Teaching (EMT) support strategies and presenting them to graduate students in a communication sciences and disorders program, and whether differences in accuracy existed between first- and second-year graduate students. EMT support strategies were chosen due to the previous successes found within the literature. Twelve videos were presented to ten graduate students. Each participant response was analyzed for accuracy and overall responses were compiled to create overall video clarity.

Results showed that the Communication Temptation EMT support strategy videos achieved the highest levels of clarity, while …

Effects Of External Memory Aid Assessment And Treatment On Everyday Task Performance Of Individuals With Mild Neurocognitive Disorder, Alyssa M. Lanzi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Individuals with mild neurocognitive disorder complete many activities of daily living independently; however, they may require the use of compensatory strategies while performing everyday tasks. Compensatory strategies, such as external memory aids, incorporate a strengths-based approach to enhance the functional needs of individuals. Although external memory aids have a strong evidence-base, limited assessment tools and interventions are available to facilitate the development of individualized treatment plans that promote sustained strategy use. To better support the everyday needs of individuals with mild neurocognitive disorder and to inform clinicians who are developing interventions, the current dissertation includes four paper that examine a …

Recreational Sound Risk For A University Student: Case Study, Michele Wattman, Antony Joseph

AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders

Concern about noise exposure in recreational settings is growing and unsafe levels of sound are frequently being experienced in a variety of non-occupational settings such as pubs, nightclubs, concerts, parties, and fitness classes. Damage to the auditory system may occur with regular participation in these loud activities. A case study was conducted to estimate sound exposure levels and risk associated with common activities. Findings demonstrated that pubs presented a hazardous sound environment, so information about health-oriented behavior is essential to effectively improve hearing conservation awareness for university students. Public awareness and personal hearing protection should be strongly considered to prevent …

Exploring A Connection Between Learning And Student Perception Of Place, Katelyn Roberts

Honors Theses

The quality of the physical environment is understood to impact overall health, wellbeing, and capacity to learn and engage in daily life. This pilot study explores how students in the Speech Language and Hearing Sciences program at Western Michigan University view the effects of indoor and outdoor nature spaces at the College of Health and Human Services on the East Campus of Western Michigan University on their learning experience. Results of the study suggest that there are significant relationships between the participant’s perception of interesting qualities in the College of Health and Human Services and feeling a sense of connection …

Dysphagia Practice Patterns Of Virginia Speech-Language Pathologists, Molly Kathleen Dailey

Theses & Honors Papers

Currently, there are a variety of screening tools, clinical, and instrumental assessments used by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to diagnose dysphagia and plan for treatment. Anecdotal reports and empirical evidence suggest that dysphagia assessment and treatment practice patterns vary considerably across patient populations, work settings, and clinicians. Understanding the SLP assessment and treatment practices across settings and factors that may influence their decisions will help inform future directions in dysphagia education, training, and clinical practice components. These findings will enable the provision of quality care that will ultimately lead to positive patient health outcomes. Thus, this survey study was designed to …

Entertainment-Related Excessive Sound Exposure (Erese): Associated Audiometric-Threshold Patterns, Ashley Lenard, Antony Joseph

AuD Capstone Projects - Communication Sciences and Disorders

Previous studies have reported that exposure to hazardous sounds can result in a mild to profound degree of temporary and permanent hearing loss. Typically, individuals exposed to loud industrial noise develop a notch or dip at or near the pure-tone test frequency 4,000 Hz. Exposure to hazardous recreational and work-place sound has been associated with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and tinnitus has been associated with exposure to high-intensity concert sound as well. The purpose of this project was to report whether audiometric patterns have been reported in the literature that may be associated with entertainment-related excessive sound exposure (ERESE). Over …

Using Electropalatography To Analyze Intra-Speaker Variability In German Second Language Fricative Production, Elizabeth D. Young

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Electropalatography (EPG) is a biofeedback system that tracks tongue contact with the palate during speech. The current study uses EPG data to examine the variability that occurs in speech production for individuals speaking a second language (L2). Five native German speakers and twelve native English speakers learning German as a second language were asked to produce the fricatives [ç], [x], and /ʃ/ in various linguistic contexts. Variability in center of maximal contact across the anterior-posterior dimension (“Center of Gravity” – COG) and duration for L2 production across sound type, L2 production across task type, L2 production across subject, and native …

The Effects Of Multi-Tiered Systems Of Language Support On Oral Language, Reading Comprehension, And Writing In Second And Third Grade Students In India, Brenna Scadden Nelson

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study investigated whether multi-tiered narrative intervention improved oral language comprehension, reading comprehension, and writing in second and third-grade students in India. There were 121 participants across second and third grade. Classrooms were randomly assigned to a treatment, an alternate-treatment, or a no-treatment condition. The treatment group participated in 8 weeks of Story Champs intervention, the alternate-treatment group participated in 8 weeks of shared storybook intervention, and the no treatment group served as a control. Results indicated that oral narrative intervention delivered through a multi-tiered system of language support (MTSLS) causally impacted the oral language, reading comprehension, and narrative writing …

Table Of A Second Chance, Jean P. Belizaire Mr.

National Youth Advocacy and Resilience Conference

i will present on the continous dilemma on the opiate crisis and the best practices based on 5 years experience in the field in helping to stabilize and rehabilitate those held in the grips of addictions and various related symptoms of addictions.

The Speech-Language Pathologist's Role In Supporting The Development Of Self-Regulation: A Review And Tutorial, Amanda Binns, Janis Oram Cardy

PRECISe Preschool Speech and Language Publications

Purpose

Children’s engagement in self-regulation is a strong and positive predictor of their social and academic success, making self-regulation an important focus for caregivers and clinicians. The aims of this article are to provide a framework for understanding self-regulation and to identify strategies speech-language pathologists can use to integrate self-regulation work into their clinical practice.

Method

Empirically supported considerations describing the developmental progression from co-regulation to self-regulation are outlined, and the effects of stress on self-regulation are discussed. A clinical framework is provided to guide speech-language pathologists in considering stress and self-regulation in their clinical work. Strategies are provided to …

Improving Narrative And Expository Language: A Comparison Of Narrative Intervention To Shared Storybook Reading, Karee Douglas

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of oral narrative intervention delivered in a multi-tiered system of support format on proximal narrative retell outcomes, and more distal personal story generation and expository language outcomes of preschool and kindergarten students. Participants included 241 preschool and kindergarten students. Students were divided into 3 different groups (treatment, alternate treatment, and no-treatment control). The treatment group received Story Champs Tier 1 oral narrative language intervention from their classroom teacher twice a week for 15-20 minutes over 14 weeks. A sub-sample of students from the Story Champs group who did not meet …

Personal Commitment Statements In Evaluating Continuing Education: Evolutionary Practice, Juan Bornman, Brenda Louw

Brenda Louw

The use of a Commitment-to-Change (CTC) statement to evaluate Continuing Education was investigated through a case study design. A CE event on communication disorders within the ICF-CY framework was evaluated by a Personal Commitment form and a follow-up survey. Results of a thematic analysis of statements and follow-up survey illustrate the important potential of this evolutionary approach.

Young Adults With Cleft Lip And Palate: Personal Perspectives Of Transition Of Care, Courtney Buchanan, Bethany Johnson, A. Jade Morgan, Jessica Morgan, Carissa Padgett, Brenda Louw

Brenda Louw

Children with cleft lip/palate receive team care which typically ends at eighteen. Young adults then need to transition into an adult-centered model of care. A paucity of literature exists regarding their perspective on transition of care experience. This research explores the experiences of young adults with CLP regarding their transition of care process, within the person-centered ICF framework.