Phytoplankton Composition And Environmental Conditions Of The Mucilage Event In The Sea Of Marmara,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Phytoplankton Composition And Environmental Conditions Of The Mucilage Event In The Sea Of Marmara, Vi̇ldan Tüfekçi̇, Nesli̇han Balkis, Çolpan Polat Beken, Di̇lek Edi̇ger, Mustafa Mantikçi
Turkish Journal of Biology
The composition and abundance of phytoplankton and the corresponding environmental conditions were investigated during a mucilage event (October 2007-February 2008) in the Sea of Marmara. The mucilage producers Gonyaulax fragilis, Skeletonema costatum, and Cylindrotheca closterium were identified as abundant species. Thallassiosira rotula was also identified in large numbers. The maximum number of G. fragilis was observed at 83,600 cells L^{-1} in November 2007 during the first sampling occasion on the surface layer of İzmit Bay, and T. rotula was the most abundant diatom species, with 131,040 cells L^{-1} in the same period. G. fragilis was recorded at 96,250 cells L^{-1} …
Antioxidant And Antiradical Activities Of Phenolic Extracts From Iranian Almond (Prunus Amygdalus L.) Hulls And Shells,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Antioxidant And Antiradical Activities Of Phenolic Extracts From Iranian Almond (Prunus Amygdalus L.) Hulls And Shells, Ali Jahanban Isfahlan, Ahmad Mahmoodzadeh, Abdollah Hasanzadeh, Reza Heidari, Rashid Jamei
Turkish Journal of Biology
Wild almonds of Iran show genetic diversity and have very a large distribution. Different species of these almonds have more variation in genes resistant to dryness, saltiness, diseases, pests, and other factors. In order to compare the antioxidant and antiradical activity of wild almond hull and shell phenolic extracts, 4 wild almond species (Amygdalus lycioides Spach, A. kotschyi Boiss. & Hohen, A. pabotti Browicz, A. trichamygdalus (Hand.-Mzt) Woronow) were selected from Shahindezh and Qasemloo Valley, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2007. The fruits of these almonds were collected, their hulls and shells were dried and then ground, and then methanolic …
Diurnal Variations Of Summer Phytoplankton And Interactions With Some Physicochemical Characteristics Under Eutrophication In The Dardanelles, Muhammet Türkoğlu, Yasemi̇n Erdoğan
Turkish Journal of Biology
This study was carried out to determine the diurnal distributions of phytoplankton density, bio-volume, and chlorophyll a in relation to nutrients and CTD measurements in surface waters of the coastal area in the Dardanelles during high density of phytoplankton, especially high diatom production (between 3 July and 4 August 2002). Ninety nine surface samples were collected for nutrient, chlorophyll a, and phytoplankton in 3 different time periods of the day (08:00, 13:00 and 18:00 hours) in the sampling period. Based on the sample analyses, average temperature, salinity, pH, DO, TDS, TSS, NO-2+NO-3, PO-34, SiO4, chlorophyll a, N:P, and Si:P were …
The Genotoxic And Antigenotoxic Effects Of Aloe Vera Leaf Extract In Vivo And In Vitro,
2010
TÜBİTAK
The Genotoxic And Antigenotoxic Effects Of Aloe Vera Leaf Extract In Vivo And In Vitro, Ahmet Kayraldiz, Ayşe Yavuz Kocaman, Eyyüp Rencüzoğullari, Erman Sali̇h İsti̇fli̇, Hasan Basri̇ İla, Mehmet Topaktaş, Yusuf Kenan Dağlioğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Aloe vera leaf extract (AV) were investigated using the chromosome aberrations (CAs) test for the bone marrow cells of rats, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronucleus (MN) and CAs tests for human lymphocytes, and the Ames Salmonella/microsome test system. In the bone marrow cells of rats, AV extract significantly induced structural and total CAs at all concentrations and in all treatment periods. In human peripheral lymphocytes, AV did not increase the mean SCE; however, it significantly induced the MN frequency and structural CAs. In addition, AV showed a cytotoxic effect by decreasing the replication …
Molecular Characterization Of Rhizoctonia Solani Ag4 Using Pcr-Rflp Of The Rdna-Its Region,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Molecular Characterization Of Rhizoctonia Solani Ag4 Using Pcr-Rflp Of The Rdna-Its Region, Meli̇ke Çebi̇ Kiliçoğlu, İbrahi̇m Özkoç
Turkish Journal of Biology
Rhizoctonia solani isolates obtained from common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were included in an AG4 anastomosis group in accordance with hyphal anastomosis. In the subgrouping of AG4 isolates, PCR-RFLP patterns in the rDNA-ITS were used. After obtaining the genomic DNA belonging to R. solani AG4, an approximately 700 bp amplification product of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was obtained with PCR, using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers. The PCR products were digested with MseI, HincII, AvaII, and MfeI restriction endonucleases, and different PCR-RFLP patterns were obtained for the AG4 HGI and AG4 HGII subgroups. In this study, in addition to the enzymes …
Cytogenetic Effects Of Helichrysum Arenarium In Human Lymphocytes Cultures,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Cytogenetic Effects Of Helichrysum Arenarium In Human Lymphocytes Cultures, Hali̇l Erhan Eroğlu, Ergi̇n Hamzaoğlu, Ahmet Aksoy, Ümi̇t Budak, Sevi̇l Albayrak
Turkish Journal of Biology
Helichrysum Mill., belonging to the family Asteraceae, is commonly known as "everlasting". Helichrysum species have been used as herbal tea for centuries in Turkey against gallbladder disorders because of their bile regulatory and diuretic properties. However, there are few reports in the literature regarding the genotoxic effects of these plants. In the present study, the genotoxic effects induced by aqueous (decoction) and methanol extracts of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. rubicundum (K.Koch) P.H.Davis & Kupicha, H. arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. aucheri (Boiss.) P.H.Davis & Kupicha, and H. arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. erzincanicum P.H.Davis & Kupicha on human lymphocyte cultures at …
Cytogenetic Study On The European Brown Hare (Lepus Europaeus Pallas, 1778) (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) In Turkey,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Cytogenetic Study On The European Brown Hare (Lepus Europaeus Pallas, 1778) (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) In Turkey, Yasi̇n Demi̇rbaş, Nursel Aşan, İrfan Albayrak
Turkish Journal of Biology
Conventional and GTC, CTC, and AgNO_3 banded karyotypes of brown hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778) from Turkey are described for the first time. All specimens possessed a diploid number of 2n = 48 chromosomes and a fundamental autosomal number of NFa = 88. The chromosome set consisted of 8 metacentric and submetacentric pairs and 15 subtelocentric and acrocentric pairs decreasing in size from large to small. The X chromosome was a large submetacentric while the Y was a small acrocentric. In contrast with the other specimens, the Kilis specimen possessed a duplication in the long arm of one of the …
The Effect Of Activator Application On The Anatomy, Morphology, And Viability Of Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill. Pollen,
2010
TÜBİTAK
The Effect Of Activator Application On The Anatomy, Morphology, And Viability Of Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill. Pollen, İlkay Öztürk Çali, Feyza Candan
Turkish Journal of Biology
The present study examined the effect of ACT-2, a K-vitamin group activator intensively applied to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), on the anatomy, morphology, and viability of tomato pollen from plants grown under greenhouse conditions. The activator was applied to tomatoes at the recommended dosage (150 cc/100 L of tap water) and double the recommended dosage (300 cc/100 L of tap water). Pollen width and length, exine and intine layer thickness, pore width and length, and crevice width and length were measured using an ocular micrometer. Reductions were observed in all the measured parameters in all application groups, except for pollen …
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration From Stem Internode Explants Of Verbena Officinalis L., A Medicinal Plant,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration From Stem Internode Explants Of Verbena Officinalis L., A Medicinal Plant, Arzu Uçar Türker, Buhara Yücesan, Ekrem Gürel
Turkish Journal of Biology
Verbena officinalis L. (vervain) is a medicinal plant that shows several biological activities, including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective, hypnotic/sedative, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, anticancer, cicatrizant, and antioxidant. This report describes an efficient plant regeneration system for V. officinalis via adventitious shoot development from stem internode and petiole explants. Stem internode explants were more effective than petiole explants in terms of both the number of shoots per explant and the percentages of explants forming shoots. Increasing benzyladenine (BA) concentrations steadily increased shoot formation up to 13.32 µM, but 22.22 µM BA caused a sharp decrease. The highest number of shoots (17.1 shoots per …
Barley Germplasms Developed For Scald Disease Resistance Exhibited A High Level Of Genetic Diversity Based On Srap Markers,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Barley Germplasms Developed For Scald Disease Resistance Exhibited A High Level Of Genetic Diversity Based On Srap Markers, Ayten Di̇zkirici, Zeki̇ Kaya, H. Eli̇f Güren, Hi̇kmet Budak
Turkish Journal of Biology
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 59 Turkish barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines (maintained for scald disease resistance breeding) using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Seventeen SRAP primer combinations produced 83 polymorphic markers, with a mean polymorphism of 73.5%. The dendrogram created based on Nei's unweighted-pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) indicated that there were 4 main clusters, which was supported by principle component analysis (PCA). Cluster I primarily included only scald-resistant germplasm lines, while clusters III and IV consisted of only scald-sensitive lines, but cluster II had both …
Indole-3-Acetic Acid And Gibberellic Acid Production In Aspergillus Niger,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Indole-3-Acetic Acid And Gibberellic Acid Production In Aspergillus Niger, Işil Seyi̇s Bi̇lkay, Şafak Karakoç, Ni̇lüfer Aksöz
Turkish Journal of Biology
The effects of incubation time, temperature, pH, and agitation on indole-3- acetic acid and gibberellic acid production in Aspergillus niger were studied. For indole-3-acetic acid production, 6 days of incubation at 25 °C and pH 6.0 was found to be optimum. Optimum conditions for gibberellic acid production were 12 days of incubation at 30 °C and pH 5.0. Agitation increased both indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid production.
Temporal Variations Of Surface Phytoplankton, Nutrients And Chlorophyll A In The Dardanelles (Turkish Straits System): A Coastal Station Sample In Weekly Time Intervals, Muhammet Türkoğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, weekly distributions of inorganic nutrients and phytoplankton cell volumes were investigated in relation to the hydrology of the Dardanelles. The data were collected between March 2001 and March 2002. NO^{-}_{2}+NO^{-}_{3}, PO_{4}^{-3}, and SiO_4 concentrations ranged between 0.050-6.887 µM, 0.051-1.152 µM, and 0.64-10.74 µM, respectively. During the study, the highest nutrient values were measured between late fall and mid-winter. Inorganic N:P and Si:P ratios in the surface water were lower due to high PO_{4}^{-3} concentrations. The chlorophyll a concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 8.67 µg L^{-1}. Phytoplankton cell density and cell volume ranged from 1.54E + 05 to …
Maternal Donors Of Polyploids In Pseudoroegneria (Poaceae: Triticeae) And Related Genera Inferred From Chloroplast Trnl-F Sequences, Yu Hai-Qing, Zhang Chun, Ding Chun-Bang, Ma Xiao, Zhou Yong-Hong
Turkish Journal of Biology
To investigate the maternal donors and phylogenetic relationships of polyploids in Pseudoroegneria and related genera, the chloroplast trnL-F sequences of 31 Triticeae accessions were analyzed. The substitution saturation analysis of trnL-F sequences in this study suggested that they are suitable for phylogenetic analysis. In the trnL-F sequences tree, 4 major clades were formed: (a) the St/E clade comprised all of the Pseudoroegneria species together with species in Roegneria, Elytrigia, Douglasdeweya and Lophopyrum; (b) A. cristatum, A. mongolicum, and A. pectinatum subsp. retrofractum formed the P/W clade; (c) the Ns clade included species in Psathyrostachys; and (d) the H clade consisted …
Genetic Diversity In Doubled Haploid Wheat According To The Acid-Page Method, Morphological Traits, And Baking Quality,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Genetic Diversity In Doubled Haploid Wheat According To The Acid-Page Method, Morphological Traits, And Baking Quality, Javid Ojaghi, Ellada Akhundova
Turkish Journal of Biology
This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of 102 lines of doubled haploid wheat (obtained from CIMMYT) using the acid-PAGE method, morphological traits, and baking quality. Cluster analysis of the morphological traits separated all the genotypes into 4 groups, such that the genotypes with high yield were placed in 1 group. However, based on cluster analysis of their qualitative traits, the genotypes were classified into 3 main groups, while the genotypes with high protein content were placed in a distinct group. In all, 48 bands and 47 patterns were observed in the 102 lines studied, and polymorphism was observed …
The Interactive Effect Of Heavy Metals And Uv-B Radiation On Two Cucumber Cultivars,
2010
TÜBİTAK
The Interactive Effect Of Heavy Metals And Uv-B Radiation On Two Cucumber Cultivars, Shweta Mishra, Suruchi Singh, Rajesh Kumar Sharma, Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
Turkish Journal of Biology
The effects of supplemental UV-B (sUV-B) irradiance, and Cd and Ni treatment alone and in combination were evaluated on heavy metal accumulation, and growth, biomass, and yield responses in 2 cucumber cultivars (Cucumis sativus L. cultivars Local Super Green and Tripti-19). Responses to the combined application of Cd and Ni in both cultivars were antagonistic. Cultivar Tripti-19 showed more sensitivity in terms of yield response towards sUV-B and heavy metals than did Local Super Green. sUV-B exposure increased the concentration of Cd/Ni in the roots, shoots, and fruits of cucumber plants, as compared to the unexposed plants. Bioaccumulation of Cd, …
Biological Activities Of Cu(Ii) And Hg(Ii) Complexes Of A Heptadentate Schiff Base Ligand,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Biological Activities Of Cu(Ii) And Hg(Ii) Complexes Of A Heptadentate Schiff Base Ligand, Emel Ergene, Hülya Si̇vas, Kadri̇ye Benkli̇
Turkish Journal of Biology
Two metal complexes were synthesized as [Hg(L)](ClO_4)_2 and [Cu(L)](ClO_4)2 by the template reaction between 2,6-bis(2 aminothiophenoxymethyl)pyridine and 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxaldehyde in the presence of Hg(II) and Cu(II) perchlorate salts. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H-NMR, MASS, and Elemental Analyses values. Cytotoxicity of the compounds were investigated by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay in normal and cancerous rat fibroblasts. Both compounds showed cytotoxicity on 2 cell lines as a dose-dependent manner. Compound [Hg(L)](ClO_4)_2 was more cytotoxic than [Cu(L)](ClO_4)2. Apoptotic activity of compounds was evaluated by acridine orange staining and DNA fragmentation assay. Both cell lines exposed to the compounds exhibited …
The In Vitro Effect Of Certain Fungicides, Insecticides, And Biopesticides On Mycelial Growth In The Biocontrol Fungus Trichoderma Harzianum, Soumik Sarkar, Pradeepa Narayanan, Ajay Divakaran, Angusamy Balamurugan, Robert Premkumar
Turkish Journal of Biology
The in vitro effect of certain fungicides, insecticides, and biopesticides on mycelial growth of Trichoderma harzianum was evaluated. Seven systemic fungicides, 2 contact fungicides, and 4 biopesticides were tested. A progressive increase in percent inhibition of radial growth in the fungus was observed as the concentrations of the fungicides increased. Among the systemic fungicides, hexaconazole was the most toxic, followed by propiconazole and triflumizole. Toxicity of the contact fungicides was lower than that of the systemic fungicides, among which copper oxychloride and copper hydroxide were highly compatible; no inhibition was observed at lower concentrations. In terms of the insecticides tested, …
Cadmium-Induced Antioxidant Status And Sister-Chromatid Exchanges In Vicia Faba L.,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Cadmium-Induced Antioxidant Status And Sister-Chromatid Exchanges In Vicia Faba L., Serpi̇l Ünyayar, Ayşi̇n Güzel Değer, Ayla Çeli̇k, Fazi̇let Özlem Çeki̇ç, Sertan Çevi̇k
Turkish Journal of Biology
The effects of cadmium (Cd) on antioxidant responses and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were studied in Vicia faba L. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and the levels of ascorbate (ASC), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde (MDA, indicator of lipid peroxidation) were measured. Genotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the changes in the mitotic index (MI) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). Increased activities of SOD and CAT were observed in plants treated with 50 and 100 µM Cd. It was found that APX activity increased remarkably with 50 µM Cd, but …
Investigation Of Heavy Metal Resistance In Some Bacterial Strains Isolated From Industrial Soils,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Investigation Of Heavy Metal Resistance In Some Bacterial Strains Isolated From Industrial Soils, Ersoy Sevgi̇, Gökhan Coral, A. Murat Gi̇zi̇r, M.Kemal Sangün
Turkish Journal of Biology
Soil samples were collected from an industrial area in Kazanlı, Mersin, Turkey. Six heavy metals, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, and Zn, were tested. ICP-AES analyses were carried out to detect the heavy metal levels of the soil samples. The analysis of test samples revealed high levels of Ni and Cr. A total of 272 Pseudomonas spp. and 161 Bacillus spp. strains were isolated from soils from 4 different sampling locations. The maximum tolerable metal concentrations (MTCs) of Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, and Zn for each isolate were determined. Resistance to Cr was found in 73.9% of the bacterial …
Ultrastructural Changes In Rat Liver By Methyleugenol And Evaluation Of Some Biochemical Parameters,
2010
TÜBİTAK
Ultrastructural Changes In Rat Liver By Methyleugenol And Evaluation Of Some Biochemical Parameters, Ayşegül Çerkezkayabeki̇r, Gülnur Kizilay, Fi̇gen Ertan
Turkish Journal of Biology
The present study investigated the effect of methyleugenol, a food flavoring and fragrance agent, on the livers of laboratory rats. Doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg/day of methyleugenol (in 0.5% methylcellulose) were administered intragastrically (IG) to 2 dose groups for 10 days alongside a control group (n = 10 for each group). Gains in body weight were not statistically significant for either dose. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities decreased (P < 0.05) for both dose groups, but AST (aspartate aminotransferase) activity decreased significantly (P < 0.05) only in the 30 mg/kg/day methyleugenol dose group. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity did not change significantly in either group. The total amount of glucose remained unchanged, but glycogen in the liver decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the 30 mg/kg/day methyleugenol dose group. There was also an increase of swelling in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum sacs (sER), electron dense accumulations in the sER, cytoplasmic vacuolization, a slight increase of mitochondria and lysosomes, and invaginations in the nucleus membranes of hepatocytes. Extensions in bile canaliculi and increasing microvilli of bile canaliculi in the liver were also observed. These findings indicate the ultrastructural toxic effect of methyleugenol on rat livers in 10 and 30 mg/kg/day doses. Therefore, we may speculate that the toxic effect of methyleugenol needs to be examined in detail.
