Psychology Commons^™

Trends. Countering The Proliferation Of Weapons Of Mass Destruction: Just Whistling In The Dark, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses how to counter the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

Ubiquitous Molecular Substrates For Associative Learning And Activity-Dependent Neuronal Facilitation., Louis D. Matzel, Andrew C. Talk, Isabel A. Muzzio, Ronald F. Rogers

Faculty Publications

Recent evidence suggests that many of the molecular cascades and substrates that contribute to learning-related forms of neuronal plasticity may be conserved across ostensibly disparate model systems. Notably, the facilitation of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission that contribute to associative learning in Aplysia and Hermissenda, as well as associative LTP in hippocampal CA1 cells, all require (or are enhanced by) the convergence of a transient elevation in intracellular Ca2+ with transmitter binding to metabotropic cell-surface receptors. This temporal convergence of Ca2+ and G-protein-stimulated second-messenger cascades synergistically stimulates several classes of serine/threonine protein kinases, which in turn modulate receptor function or …

Ubiquitous Molecular Substrates For Associative Learning And Activity-Dependent Neuronal Facilitation., Louis D. Matzel, Andrew C. Talk, Isabel A. Muzzio, Ronald F. Rogers

Ronald F. Rogers

Recent evidence suggests that many of the molecular cascades and substrates that contribute to learning-related forms of neuronal plasticity may be conserved across ostensibly disparate model systems. Notably, the facilitation of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission that contribute to associative learning in Aplysia and Hermissenda, as well as associative LTP in hippocampal CA1 cells, all require (or are enhanced by) the convergence of a transient elevation in intracellular Ca2+ with transmitter binding to metabotropic cell-surface receptors. This temporal convergence of Ca2+ and G-protein-stimulated second-messenger cascades synergistically stimulates several classes of serine/threonine protein kinases, which in turn modulate receptor function or …

The Meeting Of Pain And Depression: Comorbidity In Women, Marta Meana

Psychology Faculty Research

The higher prevalence of depression in women is coupled with a higher prevalence of pain complaints. Growing evidence suggests that the comorbidity of these conditions is also proportionately higher in women than men. This paper critically reviews the empirical findings relating to gender differences in comorbid pain and depression as well as findings in support of hypothesized etiologic factors that could explain why women may be more susceptible than men to comorbidity. The empirical evidence for biogenic, psychogenic, and sociogenic explanatory models is presented, and an integration of these models is proposed as a guideline to both research and clinical …

Test Of Variables Of Attention (Tova) Utility In Differentiating Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes, Steven Andrew Westby

Theses and Dissertations

Research has indicated that Continuous Performance Tests (CPTs) can differentiate Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity (ADHD) subjects from controls without any psychiatric illness. However, CPTs have neither accurately differentiated ADHD children from those with other psychiatric disorders—nor differentiated subtypes of ADHD from each other. The Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), a new CPT, has several advantages over its predecessors which may allow the TOVA to be more effective in this differentiation process.

Data from ADHD subjects was selected from children who were administered the TOVA as part of their evaluation for ADHD at Lakeland Mental Health Center in Moorhead, MN, the Child Evaluation …

Beliefs In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Gail Steketee, Randy O. Frost, Iris Cohen

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Several types of beliefs have been hypothesized to be associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including responsibility for harm, need to control thoughts, overestimates of threat, intolerance of uncertainty, and beliefs about the consequences of anxiety and capacity to cope. The present study compared 62 subjects with OCD, 45 with other anxiety disorders (AD) and 34 controls, using 3 measures of OCD-related beliefs. OCD subjects scored higher than AD and control samples on 2 general belief measures. A closer analysis of specific belief domains indicated that OCD subjects scored higher than AD and control subjects on all 6 specific belief domains …

Deconstruction Of Public Policy In The Aftermath Of The Wye Plantation Summit: Reaffirming A Nullification In The Palestinian National Charter, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes the Wye Memorandum prescription to proscribe the Palestinian National Charter's (PNC) written provisions to destroy the Israeli state. The analysis is based on both deontological and consequentialist positions. (Embry-Riddle University student Lou Adesso III provided the creative impetus for this article.)

The Psychological Assessment Of Deception: Obvious And Subtle Items, Obvious And Subtle Subjects, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides an analysis of approaches to detecting deception in subjects administered psychological assessment instruments for nondeceptive and/or deceptive purposes.

The Politics Of Credibility: Stories And The Fate Of Storytellers In Contexts Of Human Rights Violations, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights the contrast between the expectations about accurate and truthful memory of political officials and the scientific psychology of memory and narrative in the assessment of alleged human rights victims.

Trends. The Political Psychology Of Economic Policy: Is The Emperor Wearing No Clothes? Is There An Emperor?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the global economic crisis.

Obstacles To Interrogation Training: Part I, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article continues the series on research presented at the 1998 American Psychological Association Annual Convention, San Francisco, California. Part I of the article describes two types of obstacles to effective interrogation training. Part II of the article (to be posted in next week's IBPP Issue (September 16th) describes approaches to overcoming the obstacles. The article is very closely based on the research of Meir Gilboa, formerly the Commander, National Unit for Serious Crime Investigation, Israeli National Police, as presented at the symposium "Four National Approaches to Training Interrogators" that was chaired by Dr. Paul Ekman of the University of …

The Politics Of Industrial/Organizational Psychology And The Myers Briggs Type Indicator: What Is Jungian About A Jungian Approach?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes the most common contribution stemming from a variant of analytic (Jungian) psychology as applied to prescriptions and proscriptions for industries and organizations. The contribution, viz., a personality typological theory, may have lost its "Jungness" through the application.

Self-Harm As Control Of The Other: A Clinical-Political Nexus, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides explanations for a seemingly paradoxical behavior--harming of the self when one seems to wish not to be harmed. The explanation is illustrated by clinical and by political example.

Trends. The Global Threat Of Fundamentalism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the movement of neoclassical economics adhered to by leaders of the International Monetary Fund, many Western central bankers, ministers of finance, and global investors.

The Illogic Of Logic In Security Analysis: An Example From Serbia, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the good and bad implications of both denotation and connotation.

Comments On A Study Of Northern Irish Political Attitudes, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article provides a commentary on the recent development of a set of objective measures of political attitudes among residents of Northern Ireland. The article is a continuation of a series on research that was presented at the 1998 American Psychological Association Convention, San Francisco, California.

Assassination: A Tool Of Terror Management Or Of Counterterrorism?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes Issues relevant to evaluating assassination as a viable tool of governmental security policy to counter terrorism. The creative inspiration and much of the research for this article was accomplished by IBPP Research Assistant and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University student Lou Adesso III.

Politics And Psychology: Assessment And The Law, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights one significant impediment to valid psychological assessment in support of the criminal justice system.

Trends. Declarations On Civil Rights, Freedom, And Social Justice: Chinese Sophistry And Sophistication, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses Chinese human rights advocates who have initiated the circulation of documents in regards to civil rights and social justice in the People's Republic of China.

Gender Types, Self-Esteem, And Academic Achievement In Middle School Students, Kimberly D. Noll

Student Work

The relationship among gender typing, self-esteem, and academic achievement was investigated in 314 middle school participants. Participants were administered the Children’s Sex Role Inventory (CSRI) and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory-School Form (CSEI). The results of the CSRI and CSEI were compared to each participant's score on the California Achievement Test (CAT). Analysis of variance, chi-square, and Pearson product moment correlation's were utilized to assess relationships among the variables. Results indicated that, in the current sample, self-esteem and achievement were unrelated, aschematic characteristics were correlated with high achievement, girls exhibited higher achievement than boys, both boys and girls responded most frequently …

Professional Outpatient Mental Health Service Delivery To The Church: An Analysis Of Conservative Evangelical Attitudes In The Pacific Northwest United States, Daniel D. Carpenter

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Over the years. various models have been developed for optimal mental health service delivery to various populations. The Christian community is not exempt from this evolutionary process which is affected by culture, technology, economics and research_ This study investigated attitudes of Conservative Evangelical Christians coward professional outpatient mental health service delivery. and examined six research questions which investigated {a) perception of antagonism between Christianity and psychology: (b) utilization of mental health services in the past; (c) perceived degree of pastoral influence on views toward psychology; (d) factors thought to be significant in shaping present attitudes toward psychology; (e) differences between …

Developmental Changes Among Beginning Psychotherapy Supervisors, Mark D. Nordlund

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study investigated changes among beginning supervisors as they gained experience. Over three administrations in the course of an academic year, beginning supervisors (N = 14, 57% female) and their supervisees (N = 36, 58% female) provided ratings that offered mixed support for developmental changes among beginning supervisors. Significant increases were noted on the Supervisor Evaluation Ratings (SER) for satisfaction with supervision, supervisor competence, and efficacy of supervisor interventions. On the Level of Supervision Scale (LSS), supervisors reported a mild preference for offering case conceptualizations in supervision and a mild preference against using didactic instruction. Supervisors strongly preferred a collaborative …

Social Support In Marriage: Translating Research Into Practical Applications For Clinicians, Kieran T. Sullivan, Lauri A. Pasch, Kathleen A. Eldridge, Thomas N. Bradbury

Psychology

How spouses support one another may be important in understanding and preventing marital distress, but has received relatively little attention. Instead, the behavioral model of marriage and corresponding treatment protocols have focused on the importance of good conflict management skills in preventing and treating marital distress. This paper outlines recent research indicating that couples social support skills predict marital outcome two years later, above and beyond conflict management skills. These results indicate that successful prevention and treatment programs may need to incorporate support skills training as well as conflict management training. Practical implications of this research are outlined, and specific …

Evaluating Measures Of Family History Of Alcoholism: Density Versus Dichotomy, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Sharon A. Mudd, Frederic C. Blow, Elizabeth M. Hill

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Aims: Studies have used myriad measures of family history of alcoholism (FH) making it difficult to compare them directly. Commonly used FH measures partition samples into the well-known positive (FH+) and negative (FH–) dichotomy, although quantitative measures of density potentially provide more information. A standard FH measure would facilitate between-study comparisons. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a quantitative FH measure, called Family History Density (FHD), that has theoretical and practical advantages over currently used measures. Design: Logistic regression equations were estimated for FHD and six commonly used FH measures on alcohol dependence diagnosis and two measures of …

The Odd Couple, Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Impact Of An Ecological Factor On The Costs Of Resource Acquisition: Fighting And Metabolic Physiology Of Crabs, L. U. Sneddon, F. A. Huntingford, A. C. Taylor

Ethology Collection

1. Current game theory models and recent experimental evidence suggests that the strategy an animal adopts in agonistic encounters is determined by individual state. Therefore manipulation of an individual’s state should elicit different behavioural responses. In this paper, mechanisms are examined that underlie state-dependent strategies using Shore Crabs, Carcinus maenas, and how, by altering the environment, behaviour and physiology are affected.
2. Fights were staged between pairs of male crabs under normoxic and severely hypoxic (< 15 torr) conditions to determine if the metabolic costs of fighting and resource acquisition are affected by water P_O2. After fighting, blood and tissue samples from each crab were taken and analysed for metabolites associated with anaerobiosis (L-lactate, glucose and glycogen).
3. The spectrum …

The Changing Face Of Memory And Self, Mark A. (Mark Anthony) Oakes

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

Who am I? At some point all of us have asked this question, looking for answers in all the obvious places: Am I a product of my environment, my genes, my family, or my friends? Part of who we are is defined by our past and our memories of our past. Using a narrative framework, people can express their diverse and complicated identities through the stories they tell. With one story, people can communicate their past, present, and future. They can describe their goals, their loves, their philosophy of life, and the moral guidelines they follow. Through this system, people …

Health States Following Head And Neck Cancer Treatment: Patient, Health-Care Professional, And Public Perspectives, Vishram Jalukar, Gerry Funk, Alan Christensen, Lucy Karnell, Patricia Moran

Alan J. Christensen

Background This study investigated the assignment of preference values to health states which may follow head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment. Preference values for these health states were provided by HNC patients, HNC health-care providers, and a group of college students representing individuals with little knowledge of HNC.

Methods A time trade-off technique was used by participants to assign preference values to four health states in the domains of appearance, eating, speech, breathing, pain, and work/social functioning.

Results Patients' and health-care professionals' rank-ordered preference value scores for health states in appearance, breathing, eating, and speech were not significantly different (p …

Trends. Mexico, Illicit Drugs, And Psychological Assessment: Reliability And Validity As Pipe Dreams, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses top-level and elite law enforcement and criminal justice officials in Mexico seem to have been cooperating with illicit drug-trafficking organizations and the support that they get from the United States.

Psychological Research On Violent Behavior: Some Ongoing Problems, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights some significant problems with state-of-the art psychological research on violent behavior. As an example of such research, a recent symposium led by John Monahan, PhD, Dougherty Professor of Law, Goldsmith Research Professor, and Professor of Psychology and Legal Medicine, School of Law, University of Virginia, is critiqued by IBPP.