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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Parent-Report Vs. Child-Report Of Specific Anxiety In Siblings Of Children With Autism: Do Parents Know What Their Children Worry About?, Gretchen K. Groh '98
Parent-Report Vs. Child-Report Of Specific Anxiety In Siblings Of Children With Autism: Do Parents Know What Their Children Worry About?, Gretchen K. Groh '98
Honors Projects
This project explores the anxiety and specific worries of children who have a sibling diagnosed with autism. There is clinical evidence pertinent to this topic but little published empirical research. In addition, this research explores whether parental perception of child fears is correlated with child-reported fears. Participants were recruited through local support groups for parents of children with autism. The siblings studied ranged in age from six and thirteen. Each child was given a standardized measure of general anxiety in addition to a measure of fears specific to siblings of children with autism (to be developed for this study). Parents …
Sociometric Status And Aggression As Predictive Of Childhood Conflict, Laura Warren '98
Sociometric Status And Aggression As Predictive Of Childhood Conflict, Laura Warren '98
Honors Projects
Following recent trends in the study of children's conflict, researchers compared relationship strength between conflict resolution style and the personal variables of aggression and sociometric status. Participants consisted of 136 fourth-and fifth-grade students, who completed assessments measuring sociometric status and aggression, as well as reports on both hypothetical and real-life conflict resolution styles. Results revealed aggression levels to be more strongly associated with antisocial styles of conflict management, while sociometric status was a stronger predictor of assertive styles of resolution. In contrast to previous research, children's reported use of prosocial methods was consistent across all measures of conflict. Implications of …
Prediction Of Recidivism From Batterer Characteristics And Prior Arrest Records, Denise Ukleja '98
Prediction Of Recidivism From Batterer Characteristics And Prior Arrest Records, Denise Ukleja '98
Honors Projects
A variety of batterer characteristics, such as witnessing parental violence as a child, alcohol/drug use, and a prior legal history, have been found to be correlated with domestic violence. Initial research on recidivism has also suggested that these characteristics are correlated with recidivism and, thus, may be used as possible predictor variables. This study explored the relationship between a number of batterer characteristics and recidivism within a sample of batterers involved in a domestic violence treatment program. Of the psychosocial variables explored as possible predictors, only witnessing of parental violence as a child was a significant predictor. In addition, analyses …
The Role Of Social Support In Mediating Stress And Illness, Valerie M. Stachour '98
The Role Of Social Support In Mediating Stress And Illness, Valerie M. Stachour '98
Honors Projects
Social Support has been shown to be one important factor in the link between stress and illness. In this study, the role of social support is examined in light of the two different categorizations of social support: quality and quantity. High quality and high quantity social support groups were hypothesized to be correlated with lower illness levels. In an attempt to explore the relative merits of the main effect and the buffering hypotheses, the relative role of social support to stress and illness was examined. There was a significant correlation between quality of social support and illness levels. Quantity of …
Prospective Memory: The Relation Of Executive Function To Aging, Joesph A. Mikels '98
Prospective Memory: The Relation Of Executive Function To Aging, Joesph A. Mikels '98
Honors Projects
The executive functions of the frontal lobe seem to play an integral role in the mediation of prospective memory, as suggested by the results of recent studies (Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Cockburn, 1995; Shapiro, Shapiro, Alper, & Russell, in press). In the present study two groups were examined in terms of their performance on four different prospective memory tasks. The two groups included younger adults (ages 18-21) and older adults (ages 62-80). Both groups were asked to perform each of four prospective memory tasks (an event-based, disembedded task; an event-based, embedded task; a time-based, disembedded task; and a timebased, embedded …
A Case Study Analysis Of The Relationship Between Atherosclerosis And Alzheimer's Disease, Katie Larsen '98
A Case Study Analysis Of The Relationship Between Atherosclerosis And Alzheimer's Disease, Katie Larsen '98
Honors Projects
Several animal studies have brought the cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) into question. In addition, recent clinical studies have shown that the number of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles does not yield a conclusive diagnosis of AD. A reassessment of risk factors involved in AD development has led to findings that atherosclerosis is associated with dementia. The present study is a clinical analysis, through the use of case studies, of the relationship between atherosclerosis severity, based on autopsy results, and AD severity, based on scores from cognitive tests and functional assessments, as well as autopsy results. The age of …
Complex Scientific Testimony: Can Educational Psychology Turn Jurors Into Students And Lawyers Into Teachers?, Jason A. Krebs '98
Complex Scientific Testimony: Can Educational Psychology Turn Jurors Into Students And Lawyers Into Teachers?, Jason A. Krebs '98
Honors Projects
Jury trials are an integral part of the United States system of justice. However, as of late, the institution of the jury has been attacked on the front that much of the testimony presented to jurors is too complex for them to comprehend. For the proposed study, using the principles of educational psychology theorized by David Ausubel, a mock video of a trial hinging on a "complex scientific concept" will be created and then viewed by mock jurors. We are expecting that, by using Ausubel's principles, that jurors will, in effect, become "students" in a virtual classroom. Conversely, attorneys and …
A Comparison Of Prospective Memory And Executive Processes In Patients With Subcortical Illness, Milan Elmer "Trey" Folkers Iii '98
A Comparison Of Prospective Memory And Executive Processes In Patients With Subcortical Illness, Milan Elmer "Trey" Folkers Iii '98
Honors Projects
Dementia is a common disorder affecting neuropsychological function in several spheres of mental activity including language memory, visuospatial function, and cognition. Studies into the cognitive deficits associated with dementia have allowed researchers to rank disorders into two subclasses: cortical and subcortical dementia. Cortical dementias such as Alzheimer's disease have been the focus of a plethora of studies. Subcortical dementia, which is commonly found in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease patients, is marked by bradyphrenia, visuospatial abnormalities, personality alterations, memory disturbances primarily involving recall but not recognition, and loss of executive functions. The most recent disorder to be classified as a …
Aggression, Relational Aggression, Sociometric Status And The Quality And Authenticity Of Children's Friendships, Carrie C. Finch '98
Aggression, Relational Aggression, Sociometric Status And The Quality And Authenticity Of Children's Friendships, Carrie C. Finch '98
Honors Projects
The purpose of the present study is to assess how aggression, relational aggression, and sociometric status relate to the quality and authenticity of children's friendships. Relations between aggression, relational aggression, and sociometric status as well as between friendship quality and friendship authenticity were also explored. 136 fourth and fifth grade children (69 boys, 67 girls) completed several measures, including a sociometric measure, the aggression section of the Pupil Evaluation Inventory with a few items measuring relational aggression inserted, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and a questionnaire assessing friendship authenticity. Children's peer rated levels of aggression and their sociometric status did not …