Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Arts and Humanities (1928)
- Philosophy (1328)
- Sociology (1316)
- Political Science (1112)
- Other Psychology (1082)
-
- Social Psychology (805)
- Religion (781)
- Cognition and Perception (776)
- Other Political Science (716)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (695)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (662)
- Education (656)
- Life Sciences (620)
- Business (615)
- Counseling Psychology (523)
- Philosophy of Mind (487)
- Communication (474)
- Ethics and Political Philosophy (455)
- Social Work (455)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (433)
- Clinical Psychology (416)
- International Relations (409)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (408)
- Cognitive Psychology (399)
- Defense and Security Studies (391)
- Evolution (391)
- Animal Sciences (381)
- Zoology (369)
- Institution
-
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (955)
- California Institute of Integral Studies (746)
- Brigham Young University (510)
- WellBeing International (468)
- University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (463)
-
- Lindenwood University (294)
- Kansas State University Libraries (244)
- Purdue University (237)
- Nova Southeastern University (229)
- Bowling Green State University (130)
- University of Rhode Island (97)
- St. Cloud State University (83)
- Valparaiso University (82)
- Walden University (75)
- Cal Poly Humboldt (71)
- Prairie View A&M University (60)
- Clemson University (54)
- Grand Valley State University (54)
- Murray State University (53)
- University of South Florida (53)
- Association of Arab Universities (51)
- Western Michigan University (51)
- Bridgewater State University (48)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (48)
- University of Mississippi (47)
- Universitas Indonesia (46)
- Western Washington University (45)
- Stephen F. Austin State University (44)
- University of New Hampshire (42)
- Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School (40)
- Keyword
-
- Psychology (512)
- Terrorism (123)
- Consciousness (94)
- Mental health (78)
- Gender (71)
-
- Trauma (66)
- Personality (63)
- Stress (63)
- Financial therapy (58)
- College students (55)
- Spirituality (55)
- Violence (55)
- Security (53)
- Counseling (52)
- Culture (52)
- Intelligence (51)
- Depression (50)
- Sentience (48)
- Education (47)
- Anxiety (46)
- Iraq (46)
- Motivation (46)
- Cognition (44)
- COVID-19 (42)
- Leadership (41)
- Transpersonal psychology (41)
- Ethics (40)
- Race (40)
- Emotion (38)
- Gambling (38)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- International Bulletin of Political Psychology (897)
- International Journal of Transpersonal Studies (592)
- Animal Sentience (463)
- Modern Psychological Studies (459)
- Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal (290)
-
- Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology (262)
- The Qualitative Report (179)
- Journal of Financial Therapy (175)
- Journal of Undergraduate Research (157)
- Dismantling Bias Conference Series (145)
- Journal of Conscious Evolution (121)
- Personnel Assessment and Decisions (106)
- Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence (87)
- Analysis of Gambling Behavior (80)
- Midwest Social Sciences Journal (69)
- The International Journal of Ecopsychology (IJE) (68)
- Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy (62)
- Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice (57)
- Journal of Youth Development (50)
- Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences (48)
- Online Readings in Psychology and Culture (47)
- Commonwealth Review of Political Science (45)
- Summit to Salish Sea: Inquiries and Essays (45)
- International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace (44)
- Journal of Counseling Research and Practice (44)
- Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice (39)
- RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002) (39)
- Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments (37)
- CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century (33)
- Heroism Science (32)
- File Type
Articles 871 - 900 of 6832
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Relationship Talk With Partners And Friends During Emerging Adulthood: The Role Of Relationship Satisfaction, Christine So, Katherine L. Fiori, Christina M. Marini, Blakely A. Murphy, James B. Stein
Relationship Talk With Partners And Friends During Emerging Adulthood: The Role Of Relationship Satisfaction, Christine So, Katherine L. Fiori, Christina M. Marini, Blakely A. Murphy, James B. Stein
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Research indicates that discussing one’s romantic relationship with one’s partner benefits individual well-being and reduces uncertainty about the future of the relationship. Implications of relationship talk with friends remain less clear, though talking with friends may actually increase uncertainty about the relationship (e.g., by making one’s partner jealous of these friends), particularly for emerging adults. Relationship talk with friends may be especially likely to promote relational uncertainty for couples who are already unsatisfied in their relationships. In this study, we explored whether relationship talk with one’s partner and one’s friends would each be uniquely associated with depressive symptoms and uncertainty …
Pandemic Issues: Faculty Value Alignment And Burnout, Eu Gene Chin, Brooke Hildebrand Clubbs
Pandemic Issues: Faculty Value Alignment And Burnout, Eu Gene Chin, Brooke Hildebrand Clubbs
Journal of Educational Research and Practice
Burnout among faculty members impacts physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning and has negative socioeconomic consequences downstream. Prior to the pandemic, faculty members were already reporting high levels of burnout, which is characterized by depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and a lack of personal accomplishment. Previous research reported that value incongruence functions as one of the strongest predictors of depersonalization (and subsequently) turnover intention. This study provides a snapshot of the value alignment and burnout of faculty at a regional public university in the months following the pandemic-induced pivot to remote learning. Results from our survey of faculty members (N = 58) suggest …
An Exploration Of Groups Dynamics And The Impact Of Unconscious Processes, Phil Hanlon
An Exploration Of Groups Dynamics And The Impact Of Unconscious Processes, Phil Hanlon
Level 3
Despite extensive research on groups, organisations continue to experience problems with them. Is this an inherent feature of the nature of groups? This article aims to provide a practical understanding of the unconscious processes in groups and how these impact on group functioning. It further elaborates some guidelines for managers on optimising team / group performance.
The article interrogates the work of Sigmund Freud regarding his views on how groups function, drawing mainly on his work Group Psychology and Analysis of the Ego (1921).
It asks if a study of Freud’s work can help organisations reconsider the nature of groups, …
Understanding Why Some Whistleblowers Are Venerated And Others Vilified, Christopher D. E. Atkinson, Eric D. Wesselmann, Daniel G. Lannin
Understanding Why Some Whistleblowers Are Venerated And Others Vilified, Christopher D. E. Atkinson, Eric D. Wesselmann, Daniel G. Lannin
Heroism Science
Whistleblowers are individuals who witness a moral infraction committed within their organization and report this infraction publicly to hold the group accountable. Whistleblowers often face ridicule, vilification, and exclusion both within their group and sometimes within broader society. Thus, whistleblowers put themselves at personal risk to adhere to their moral code and protect others; these criteria commonly classify someone as a hero. We argue diverse reactions to whistleblowers are influenced by numerous situational factors that influence perceptions of a whistleblower’s intentions as well as the expected consequences of their whistleblowing. Whether a whistleblower is viewed as a virtuous reformer (i.e., …
Dancing With 4e Cognitive Science And Human Science Psychology, Joshua Hall
Dancing With 4e Cognitive Science And Human Science Psychology, Joshua Hall
Middle Voices
According to the “Embodied Cognition” entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the three landmark texts in the 4E cognitive science tradition are Lakoff and Johnson’s Metaphors We Live By, Varela, Thompson, and Rosch’s The Embodied Mind, and Andy Clark’s Being There. In my first section, I offer a phenomenological interpretation of these three texts, identifying recuring affirmations of the figure of dance alongside explicit marginalization of the practice of dance, perhaps in part due to cognitive science’s overemphasis on cognition to the exclusion of affect. In my second section, drawing on my previous interpretations of proto-affect theorists …
Same-Gender Pathways To Parenthood, Sydney T. Inger
Same-Gender Pathways To Parenthood, Sydney T. Inger
James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)
LGBTQ+ individuals and couples who want children negotiate systemic inequalities in the United States of America. This literature review surveys America’s confusing legal map and the gaps in its enduring scholarly theories. The paper then examines the challenges that LGBTQ+ individuals and couples confront in working through the common pathways—same-gender adoption and fostering, in vitro fertilization, and surrogacy—to become parents. Dispersing information on the pathways will be a positive step towards breaking down the inequities for those in the LGBTQ+ community who want to start a family.
The Mother Of Exiles Is Abandoning Her Children: The Systemic Failure To Protect Unaccompanied Minors Arriving At Our Borders, Rosa M. Peterson
The Mother Of Exiles Is Abandoning Her Children: The Systemic Failure To Protect Unaccompanied Minors Arriving At Our Borders, Rosa M. Peterson
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Unaccompanied minors arrive at the United States border every day. Many brought by the hope of finding a life lived without fear, a luxury many United States citizens take for granted. Their truths become the barriers and shackles which keep them in detention centers and unaccompanied minor facilities throughout the United States; children find their very words wielded as weapons against them in immigration court. Words often spoken to therapists in perceived confidence, during counseling sessions. This practice is a systemic failure to protect unaccompanied minors arriving at our borders who are seeking protection and help. The United States …
Protocol For An Ehub As An Systemic Intervention For Homeless Shelter Staff And Resident Psychosocial And Behavioral Needs, Celeste Sangiorgio, Cory Crane, Cassandra Berbery, Caroline Easton
Protocol For An Ehub As An Systemic Intervention For Homeless Shelter Staff And Resident Psychosocial And Behavioral Needs, Celeste Sangiorgio, Cory Crane, Cassandra Berbery, Caroline Easton
Frameless
This paper includes a proposal and outline for a one- stop, web-based eHub for homeless shelter workers and residents. The shelter eHub is proposed as a one-stop portal for staff and resident skills acquisition, shelter and community resources, and rehearsal of coping skills. The theoretical and empirical support for eHub contents is reviewed, as well as the structure for evidence-based psychological skills building and gamified and virtual skills rehearsal components.
A Mixed-Methods Assessment Of Human Well-Being Related To The Presence Of Companion Animals During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Bindi Bennett, Suzie Cosh, Jack Thepsourinthone, Amy Lykins
A Mixed-Methods Assessment Of Human Well-Being Related To The Presence Of Companion Animals During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Bindi Bennett, Suzie Cosh, Jack Thepsourinthone, Amy Lykins
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
COVID-19 and the measures used to curb the pandemic (e.g., lockdowns, isolation) have significantly impacted mental health and well-being. This study sought to investigate the role of companion animals in alleviating stress and improving mental health during the pandemic. In this study, 250 Australian adults completed measures of well-being and life satisfaction, animal dependency, perceived emotional support from animals, and animals’ effect on mood. Employment and living with others were the strongest predictors of positive life satisfaction and well-being, while greater dependency on companion animals for emotional support and companion animals’ negative effects on mood were associated with reduced life …
Mirror Tracing: The Effect Of Different Shapes On Transfer Performance, Jillian Brennan
Mirror Tracing: The Effect Of Different Shapes On Transfer Performance, Jillian Brennan
The Compass
No abstract provided.
The Connection Between Body Modification And Personality, Taylor Shoemaker
The Connection Between Body Modification And Personality, Taylor Shoemaker
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
Previous research has been inconsistent in its findings regarding the associations between body modifications (e.g., piercings, tattoos, augmentation, scarification, split tongue) and the Big Five personality traits (i.e., openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism). All traits have been found to be significantly correlated with body modification in at least one study, but their significance differed from study to study. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between body modification and each domain of personality concurrently to add to the literature surrounding differences between modified and unmodified individuals. To participate in this study, participants were asked …
School Violence And Its Impact On Student Academic Achievement, Kewanis Kennedy
School Violence And Its Impact On Student Academic Achievement, Kewanis Kennedy
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
This study explores the occurrence of school violence and its impact on academic success and attendance. This study will encompass K-12 academic institutions in the state of Kentucky during the 2018-2019 academic school year, with an in-depth analysis of data submitted to the Kentucky Department of Education by the 171 participating school districts. The participating schools shared data in the form of disciplinary actions, attendance, graduation rates, academic achievement, and other relevant demographics. The collected data was analyzed to determine if there was a statistically significant difference among attendance rate, graduation rate, math ACT benchmark scores, and English ACT benchmark …
Sexual Orientation Diversity And Inclusion In The Workplace: A Qualitative Study Of Lgb Inclusion In A Uk Public Sector Organisation, Ashley Williams, Neill Thompson, Binna Kandola
Sexual Orientation Diversity And Inclusion In The Workplace: A Qualitative Study Of Lgb Inclusion In A Uk Public Sector Organisation, Ashley Williams, Neill Thompson, Binna Kandola
The Qualitative Report
Inclusion has been identified as a key component of successful approaches to organisational diversity management. To date, the inclusion literature has predominantly used quantitative methodology to study visible forms of diversity such as gender and ethnicity. Invisible forms of diversity, such as sexual orientation diversity, have received limited research attention, despite Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) employees facing significantly higher rates of bullying and discrimination in the workplace than their heterosexual colleagues. The current study uses semi-structured interviews and template analysis to investigate LGB employees’ experiences of workplace inclusion within a UK public sector organisation. Findings demonstrate that LGBs share …
Retention Of Physician Assistants Within A Specialty After Completion Of A Postgraduate Training Program, John Ansiaux Pa-C, Carly Farrell Pa-C, Kathryn Hess Pa-C, Aubrey White Pa-C, Charlotte Peeters Pa-C, Jill Schulten Pa-C, Ryan Krasnosky Mpas, Pa-C, Dfaapa, Drph
Retention Of Physician Assistants Within A Specialty After Completion Of A Postgraduate Training Program, John Ansiaux Pa-C, Carly Farrell Pa-C, Kathryn Hess Pa-C, Aubrey White Pa-C, Charlotte Peeters Pa-C, Jill Schulten Pa-C, Ryan Krasnosky Mpas, Pa-C, Dfaapa, Drph
Journal of Nursing & Interprofessional Leadership in Quality & Safety
Background: The advantages of a specialized training program have led to over 84 postgraduate training programs for Physician Assistants (PAs) covering over 25 specialties. Employee lateral mobility is more prevalent within the PA profession, which allows PA providers to switch between medical specialties. The versatility of PAs promotes higher turnover rates compared to physician counterparts. These high turnover rates can result in increased institutional burden. Postgraduate PA programs provide pre-employment exposure to more in-depth medical training, enabling a well-rounded knowledge base of the PA’s roles and responsibilities, minimizing turnover rates.
Purpose: The goal of this survey study is to identify …
Lazarus's "Adhd Is Our Superpower: The Amazing Talents And Skills Of Children With Adhd" (Book Review), Amber C. Wessies
Lazarus's "Adhd Is Our Superpower: The Amazing Talents And Skills Of Children With Adhd" (Book Review), Amber C. Wessies
The Christian Librarian
No abstract provided.
Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination Of Research From 2011 To 2021 In Communication Journals, Riley J. Richards, Patric R. Spence, Chad Edwards
Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination Of Research From 2011 To 2021 In Communication Journals, Riley J. Richards, Patric R. Spence, Chad Edwards
Human-Machine Communication
Despite a relatively short history, the modern-day study of communication has grown into multiple subfields. To better understand the relationship between Human-Machine Communication (HMC) research and traditional communication science, this study examines the published scholarship in 28 communication-specific journals from 2011–2021 focused on human-machine communication (HMC). Findings suggest limited prior emphasis of HMC research within the 28 reviewed journals; however, more recent trends show a promising future for HMC scholarship. Additionally, HMC appears to be diverse in the specific context areas of research in the communication context. Finally, we offer future directions of research and suggestions for the development of …
Is Discourse About Flexible Working, A Mechanism Of Gender In/Equality, Changing Over Time? The Case Of Working From Home (Wfh)., Alyson Gounden Rock
Is Discourse About Flexible Working, A Mechanism Of Gender In/Equality, Changing Over Time? The Case Of Working From Home (Wfh)., Alyson Gounden Rock
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
Negotiating Allies And Alliances In Social Movements, Cynthia Wang, Sara Soderstom, Jennifer Whitson
Negotiating Allies And Alliances In Social Movements, Cynthia Wang, Sara Soderstom, Jennifer Whitson
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
A Difference In Perspective: Linking Empathy To Allyship Behaviors Via Authentic Emotional Connections, Beth Livingston, Tina Opie
A Difference In Perspective: Linking Empathy To Allyship Behaviors Via Authentic Emotional Connections, Beth Livingston, Tina Opie
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
Allyship And Incivility, Rohan Crawley
Allyship And Incivility, Rohan Crawley
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
Financial Hardships As Gendered Experiences And Financial Insecurity Trajectories, Heather Odle-Dusseau, Russell Matthews, Julie Wayne, Yi-Ren Wang
Financial Hardships As Gendered Experiences And Financial Insecurity Trajectories, Heather Odle-Dusseau, Russell Matthews, Julie Wayne, Yi-Ren Wang
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
Lean Dei: Applying A Proven Transformative Approach To “Sticky” Dei Problems, Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, Christopher Chapman
Lean Dei: Applying A Proven Transformative Approach To “Sticky” Dei Problems, Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, Christopher Chapman
Dismantling Bias Conference Series
No abstract provided.
Before They Crash And Burn (Out): A Compassion Fatigue Resilience Model, Kerry A. Schwanz, Melissa Paiva-Salisbury
Before They Crash And Burn (Out): A Compassion Fatigue Resilience Model, Kerry A. Schwanz, Melissa Paiva-Salisbury
Journal of Wellness
Introduction: We propose a working model of compassion fatigue resilience by identifying compassion fatigue (CF) and compassion satisfaction correlates as potential targets for building resilience. Further, we explore focusing on pre-professionals as a method of primary prevention of CF.
Methods: The participants were 143 college students who completed self-report measures to assess current CF, self-care behaviors, self-care beliefs, self-esteem, frequency of helping behaviors, and exposure to others under extreme stress.
Results: Notably, hierarchical regression analyses (controlling for helping frequency and exposure to high stress individuals) suggested that self-care beliefs and self-care behaviors contributed to concurrent experiences of CF, through secondary …
Improvising: A Grounded Theory Investigation Of Psychology Students' Level Of Anxiety, Coping, Communicative Skills, Imagination, And Spontaneity, Olga Temezhnikova
Improvising: A Grounded Theory Investigation Of Psychology Students' Level Of Anxiety, Coping, Communicative Skills, Imagination, And Spontaneity, Olga Temezhnikova
The Qualitative Report
The aim of this study was to gain insight into the phenomenon of improvisation, how it is manifested in communication, and to conceptualize the process of improvisation in general. I aimed to construct a model for use in teaching and further analysis of training programs that target and develop improvisation skills in communication. The ability to communicate is part and parcel of psychologists’ work. I develop and supervise interactive classes and training programs to promote improvisation and communication skills, using the grounded theory of improvisation in communication under conditions of high uncertainty. The improvisation sessions were videotaped, transcribed, and analyzed. …
Eudora Welty’S “Clytie”, The Mirror Stage, And The Grotesque, Samantha Miller
Eudora Welty’S “Clytie”, The Mirror Stage, And The Grotesque, Samantha Miller
Global Tides
At first glance, Eudora Welty’s short stories seem to exist in paradox with the writer’s own intentions. Welty is well known for co-opting the “plots, settings, characters, image patterns, and vocabulary” of Gothic literature, yet upon being asked if she was a Gothic writer, she responded vehemently: “They better not call me that!”. What is a reader then to make of Welty’s short story “Clytie” which is saturated with homages to the imagery of the Gothic— the display of psychological breakdown of an isolated family trapped in a crumbling, memory-haunted mansion, centering on a trapped, unmarried woman who slowly realizes …
The Factor Structure Of The Positive And Negative Affect Schedule In Multiethnic Adults, Allison Crowe, Patrick R. Mullen, Rachelle Redmond Barnes
The Factor Structure Of The Positive And Negative Affect Schedule In Multiethnic Adults, Allison Crowe, Patrick R. Mullen, Rachelle Redmond Barnes
Journal of Counseling Research and Practice
The following research used factor analyses to test the PANAS with a diverse sample. Results revealed a 10-item, two-factor model that was verified using internal replication analysis. Positive and negative affect according to ethnic group revealed significant differences between groups. Findings from this study offer counseling researchers and practitioners a modified version of the PANAS for diverse clients.
Mental Health Professionals Serving The Military: Who Has Access?, Nicole Marie Arcuri Sanders, Kellie Forziat-Pytel
Mental Health Professionals Serving The Military: Who Has Access?, Nicole Marie Arcuri Sanders, Kellie Forziat-Pytel
Journal of Counseling Research and Practice
Licensed counselors are underrepresented as mental health professionals (MHPs) servicing military-connected clients (service member/Veterans and their families). Mixed-methods research, conducted by the authors, highlights key viewpoints of MHPs (counselor, psychologist, and social worker) interested in working with the military and on their level of confidence in working with this population. MHPs’ experiences, perspectives of their profession’s responsibilities to military clients, and their role in comparison to other MHPs is explored. Findings aid in advocacy efforts for the military population to receive counseling from qualified providers and support counseling program development to increase counselor employability among this group.
Professional Development Needs In A Predominantly Rural State, Amanda C. Dediego, Kara Hurt-Avila, Andrea Mcgrath
Professional Development Needs In A Predominantly Rural State, Amanda C. Dediego, Kara Hurt-Avila, Andrea Mcgrath
Journal of Counseling Research and Practice
Mental health professionals working in rural states experience significant challenges in supporting the mental health needs of their community members. Thus, it is imperative for the professional organizations that serve these practitioners to understand their professional development needs. Members of professional organizations seek to ensure a competent and healthy workforce. In the present study, the researchers focused on identifying the training needs, interests, and preferences of mental health professionals, including professional counselors, marriage and family therapists, and social workers in Wyoming. A statewide needs assessment completed by 258 participants indicated a strong need for ethics, trauma, and addictions training using …
Media And Technology In Counseling: Emerging Practices And Ethical Considerations In Response To Covid-19, Vikram Surya Chiruvolu, Justin Jacques
Media And Technology In Counseling: Emerging Practices And Ethical Considerations In Response To Covid-19, Vikram Surya Chiruvolu, Justin Jacques
Journal of Counseling Research and Practice
COVID-19 has ushered in a new chapter of counseling in the United States and throughout the world. Counselors’ responses to the pandemic have been fundamentally reshaped by universal elements of the information age, including high-speed internet, smartphones, and computerbased technologies such as synchronous meeting software and collaboration tools. Now, clinicians can use technology to ally with clients, deliver psychoeducational media, and open new categories of intervention and engagement that alter the size, shape, and availability of the “counseling room” by extending it into a virtual space. The immediate investment in information technology demanded by the pandemic highlights an increasing need …
Women In Online Science Fiction Fandoms: Psychological Well-Being, Chrisha Anderson, Kathryn Watkins Van Asselt, Bradley Willis
Women In Online Science Fiction Fandoms: Psychological Well-Being, Chrisha Anderson, Kathryn Watkins Van Asselt, Bradley Willis
Journal of Counseling Research and Practice
A qualitative research design was used to listen to the experiences of women who engaged in science fiction fandom activities through online social media and how these experiences impacted their psychological well-being. The study targeted a specific population of science fiction fandom users who engaged in social media activities for at least one hour per week and had done so for at least one year. The sample consisted of 12 participants. Thematic analysis was used with the qualitative software program ATLAS.ti to analyze, code, and categorize data obtained via the transcripts. Five themes appeared from the data: nonjudgmental fandom culture, …