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Articles 61 - 71 of 71
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Rates Of Executive Dysfunction In Undergraduate Research Participants, Sara K. Pardej, Morgan E. Nitta, James B. Hoelzle
Rates Of Executive Dysfunction In Undergraduate Research Participants, Sara K. Pardej, Morgan E. Nitta, James B. Hoelzle
Modern Psychological Studies
It is infrequently recognized that healthy individuals occasionally obtain impaired scores on neuropsychological measures. This research was conducted to determine how often healthy undergraduate research participants obtain impaired scores on popular measures of executive functioning. Specifically, performance on the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Trail Making and Color-Word Interference subtests was investigated in a sample of 335 undergraduate research participants. Rates of impaired performance varied across subtests and ranged from 11% (Color-Word Interference Word Reading) to 3% (Trail Making Test Motor Speed). In general, individuals with greater intellectual functioning had higher scores and fewer impaired scores. Findings are consistent with …
Dyadic Meta-Accuracy And Perceived Motivational Accuracy In Academic Work Groups, Reed Priest, Lonnie Yandell
Dyadic Meta-Accuracy And Perceived Motivational Accuracy In Academic Work Groups, Reed Priest, Lonnie Yandell
Modern Psychological Studies
Dyadic-meta accuracy is the ability to know what others think of oneself. Previous research found that group members know who likes them, but not who competes against them. We aimed to conceptually replicate this finding and to explore if students in academic groups can correctly evaluate the academic motivations of their peers, which we termed perceived motivational accuracy. We found strong dyadic meta-accuracy for liking, but not for competitiveness. We also found no significant association between perceived and actual motivations to learn, or between perceived and actual motivations to earn a grade. These results conceptually replicate previous findings of dyadic …
Will D-Amphetamine’S Effect On Impulsive Choice Be Consistent When The Environmental Context Changes By Using Decreasing Delays To Reinforcement?, Elizabeth M. Janeiro, Jenny E. Ozga, Karen G. Anderson
Will D-Amphetamine’S Effect On Impulsive Choice Be Consistent When The Environmental Context Changes By Using Decreasing Delays To Reinforcement?, Elizabeth M. Janeiro, Jenny E. Ozga, Karen G. Anderson
Modern Psychological Studies
Impulsivity (choosing a smaller, more immediate reward over a larger, more delayed reward) and substance abuse are positively correlated. It is important to understand how factors like delay to reward and drug effects determine impulsive choice, which can be studied using animal models. This study evaluated impulsive choice in rats, where delays to the larger reward (three food pellets) were presented in decreasing order versus one food pellet delivered immediately. Then, effects of d-amphetamine were assessed. It was found that in three of four rats, d-amphetamine increased impulsive choice when the larger option was presented with decreasing delays. This effect …
An Investigation Of Creativity's Perceived Impact On Psychological Well-Being, Diana-Gabriela Boicu
An Investigation Of Creativity's Perceived Impact On Psychological Well-Being, Diana-Gabriela Boicu
Modern Psychological Studies
This study aimed to investigate creativity’s influence on psychological well-being, due to identified contradictions in predominantly quantitative previous research. For a greater understanding, a phenomenological qualitative design has been used. Reflecting Ryff’s (1989) Scale of Psychological Well-being within semi-structured interviews, data was collected from 11 art students from the University of Bedfordshire. Inductive thematic analysis revealed the following themes: Creative compass, Social Interactions, Volition, Perceived achievements and self-attitude, Self-efficacy and lifestyle. Positive implications have been found on all dimensions of psychological well-being, apart from autonomy. The qualitative method of enquiry has allowed for an exploration of this effect and of …
Development And Validation Of Behaviors Toward Gays And Lesbians On Campus Scale, Dilan Çabuk, Güler Tireli, Ayşe Seda Gürbüz, Mehmet Emin Bayık, Selami Koçal
Development And Validation Of Behaviors Toward Gays And Lesbians On Campus Scale, Dilan Çabuk, Güler Tireli, Ayşe Seda Gürbüz, Mehmet Emin Bayık, Selami Koçal
Modern Psychological Studies
In the literature, there have been many studies measuring homophobic attitudes of heterosexual people. However, there is limited research on behavioral aspects of homophobia. We attempted to develop a new scale measuring homophobic behaviors of heterosexual students toward gay and lesbian individuals on campus life. We developed BGLC (Behaviors toward Gays and Lesbians on Campus) Scale and validated the scale by comparing it with Age Universal I-E Scale, Homophobic Behaviors of Students Scale (HBSS) and Future Engagement in Activities Concerning Homosexual People (FEACHP) in order to study discriminant, convergent and criterion validity, respectively.
When Memory Falls Short: The Effect Of Suggestibility And Repeated Questioning On 3- To 5-Year-Old Children’S Recognition Of Event Details, Hunter K. Riehle, Haley T. Driscoll, Briana A. Collins-Lee, Adam J. Balaban, Martha E. Arterberry
When Memory Falls Short: The Effect Of Suggestibility And Repeated Questioning On 3- To 5-Year-Old Children’S Recognition Of Event Details, Hunter K. Riehle, Haley T. Driscoll, Briana A. Collins-Lee, Adam J. Balaban, Martha E. Arterberry
Modern Psychological Studies
The present study investigated children’s event recognition as a function of feedback, suggestible question type, and repeated questioning. Forty-three 3- to 5-year-old children read a book and were asked twelve positive-leaning, negative-leaning, and additive-misinformation questions. After six and twelve questions, children were presented with positive or negative feedback and asked the same questions again. Feedback did not affect response accuracy; however, children’s likelihood of changing their answer when questioned a second time varied as a function of question type. Children answered negative-leaning questions more accurately the second time, additive-misinformation questions less accurately the second time, and showed no change with …
Using Undergraduate Learning Assistants To Aid In Course Redesign, Jeffrey Pavlacic, Megan Culp, Summer Harvey, Christie Cathey, Erin Buchanan
Using Undergraduate Learning Assistants To Aid In Course Redesign, Jeffrey Pavlacic, Megan Culp, Summer Harvey, Christie Cathey, Erin Buchanan
Modern Psychological Studies
Research has identified potential difficulties for students enrolled in large classes. Large classes reduce opportunities for faculty-student interaction, which may predict decreased learning, retention rates, and student performance. It is therefore important to increase opportunities for faculty-student interaction. One successful tactic for increasing this interaction in large classes involves the utilization of undergraduate peers as class assistants. This manuscript describes the implementation of Undergraduate Learning Assistants (ULAs) in large sections of Introductory Psychology at Missouri State University, utilizing data collected prior to this manuscript. Further, this manuscript is a review of the implementation of ULAs at Missouri State submitted by …
The Examination Of Inhibition In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Stephanie J. Glover, Christopher A. Moyer
The Examination Of Inhibition In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Stephanie J. Glover, Christopher A. Moyer
Modern Psychological Studies
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive, anxiety provoking obsessions and irresistible compulsions that are performed to relieve anxiety. It is theorized that a deficit in inhibition may play a role in obsessive-compulsive symptomology. Areas of cognitive functioning that are affected by inhibition deficits may lead to obsessions and intrusive thoughts, while behavioral inhibition deficits may lead to compulsions. In the current paper, inhibition is examined in individuals with OCD, how such a deficit affects attention, recall, and response control, and how this relates to the disorder’s symptoms. A better understanding of these relationships would help conceptualize core deficits …
Investigating Chronic Pain As An In-Group Using The Prisoner’S Dilemma, Tracy W. Brown, Cristian M. Botello, Amber L. Harris Bozer
Investigating Chronic Pain As An In-Group Using The Prisoner’S Dilemma, Tracy W. Brown, Cristian M. Botello, Amber L. Harris Bozer
Modern Psychological Studies
Kinship is a strong predictor of altruism. However, chronic pain is a homeostatic threat to survival that creates a social in-group which we predicted would result in increased altruism over and above kinship, because it is driven by shared empathy. Participants included 139 individuals that were divided into a chronic pain or control group. Participants completed six Prisoner’s Dilemma scenarios with a sibling or chronic pain accomplice. Pain altruism and sibling altruism scores were calculated based on decisions to cooperate with or defect on an accomplice. A mixed ANOVA revealed that there were no significant differences between groups. The marginal …
To Post Or Not To Post: Perceptions Of Appropriateness On Social Media, Tayler Darr, Scott King
To Post Or Not To Post: Perceptions Of Appropriateness On Social Media, Tayler Darr, Scott King
Modern Psychological Studies
This study compares how undergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty members rate social media posts based on appropriateness, employability, and responsibility. Previous research suggests that students have different views on what is acceptable to post on social media. Student status and age were studied to see if they had an effect on what is considered as appropriate social media posts, with the hypothesis that graduate students would view social media posts more negatively than undergraduate students. 409 participants were given a survey including mock Instagram and Twitter posts relating to alcohol, work, and/or school. Participants rated each Instagram image or …
Factors That Affect Help-Seeking: Examining Racial Differences Between Whites, Asians, And African Americans, Sierra P. Saykeo, Eva Lawrence
Factors That Affect Help-Seeking: Examining Racial Differences Between Whites, Asians, And African Americans, Sierra P. Saykeo, Eva Lawrence
Modern Psychological Studies
The purpose of this study was to identify factors that impact intentions to seek mental health services as well as to explore how they may vary based on race. A total of 172 participants were asked to fill out questions that measured variables related to help-seeking. Results indicated that Asians had significantly higher levels of self-stigma, lower levels of benefits of self-disclosure, and lower intentions to seek help than both Whites and African Americans. Multiple regression analyses showed that self-stigma was a significant predictor of intentions for all three groups, while benefits of self-disclosure was only significant for Whites and …