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Articles 31 - 60 of 71
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Examining The Effects Of Negative Work Outcomes On Telecommuting, Christina R. Green, Judith Van Hein Ph.D., Alexander T. Jackson Ph.D., Patrick Mccarthy Ph.D.
Examining The Effects Of Negative Work Outcomes On Telecommuting, Christina R. Green, Judith Van Hein Ph.D., Alexander T. Jackson Ph.D., Patrick Mccarthy Ph.D.
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Despite telecommuting’s tremendous growth in the last decade, it appears some employees are hesitant to participate in remote work arrangements. Previous research has shown employees to have a negative attitude towards telecommuting when they perceive the work arrangement offers more disadvantages than advantages (Vega, Anderson, & Kaplan, 2015). In addition, Cooper & Kurland (2002) found that employees often limit the amount of time they spend away from the office working as a telecommuter because they fear becoming professionally isolated. To expand upon these findings, the current study aims to investigate whether the fear of negative work outcomes (social isolation, professional …
The Role Of Ada Inclusive Policies In The Recruiting Of Applicants With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Kendall L. Ray, Theresa K. Depriest, Tiffany D. Rogers, Mark C. Frame
The Role Of Ada Inclusive Policies In The Recruiting Of Applicants With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Kendall L. Ray, Theresa K. Depriest, Tiffany D. Rogers, Mark C. Frame
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social interactions and interpersonal communication, repetitive behaviors, and narrow focus or interests. The severity of ASD is variable, but the symptoms span the entire lifespan of the individuals with ASD and few effective treatments for these symptoms have been identified. Each year in the United States, there are approximately 50,000 people with ASD who turn 18 years old in the United States (Shattuck et al., 2012). Where most 18 year olds are likely to go out and get a job, the employment prospect of individuals with …
The Influence Of Harasser-Victim Dyads And Observer Sex On Perceived Sexual Harassment, Katherine G. Kaufling, Ciara G. Incorvati, Christopher B. Andrew, Allison C. Farmer, Hank Rothgerber, Alania C. Keim
The Influence Of Harasser-Victim Dyads And Observer Sex On Perceived Sexual Harassment, Katherine G. Kaufling, Ciara G. Incorvati, Christopher B. Andrew, Allison C. Farmer, Hank Rothgerber, Alania C. Keim
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
This study investigated how sex of an observer, harasser, and victim may influence perceptions of sexual harassment (SH). We hypothesized that (1) women would perceive more sexual harassment than men, across all study conditions, (2) the most sexual harassment would be perceived in male harasser-female victim vignettes, (3) the least sexual harassment would be perceived in female harasser-male victim vignettes, (4) Men in the no definition control group would report the most perceived SH, those in the MacKinnon (more inclusive) definition condition would perceive slightly less SH than those in the control condition, but more than those in the EEOC. …
The Effects Of Mindfulness On A Resilience Moderation, Stacey M. Stremic, Kendall Ray, Alexander Jackson
The Effects Of Mindfulness On A Resilience Moderation, Stacey M. Stremic, Kendall Ray, Alexander Jackson
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
This study will examine how resilience effects the relationship between stress and burnout. Further, resilience will be moderated by a mindfulness intervention. The study will measure levels of stress, burnout, mindfulness, and resilience for all participants before and after a mindfulness intervention. There will be three groups, one that receives the mindfulness intervention, one that receives a stress invention, and a control group that will receive no intervention. Groups will be recruited from a Southeastern university. The results of this study will further explain the impact of mindfulness and resilience on burnout and stress on the job.
Does Gendered Language Have An Effect On You?, Angella Valencia, Alexandra Zelin
Does Gendered Language Have An Effect On You?, Angella Valencia, Alexandra Zelin
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Promoting gender equality has never been more relevant and important in today’s society. Language can be seen as a mirror of social structures (Matheson & Kristiansen, 1987). In the English language there is gendered language that is exclusively for males (e.g. he, him), exclusive for females (e.g. she, her), and gendered-neutral language (e.g. you, them). The gender-exclusive language uses on gendered-pronoun (he or she), yet refers to an opposite gender or gender-neutral description (e.g., fireman vs. firefighter). This study will evaluate how men’s and women’s (participants) perceptions of gender-exclusive versus gender-inclusive language by means of job advertisements affect their decision …
Research Design Of Job Satisfaction In An East African Medical Research Center, Fransuave L. Moore, Emily P. Moody, Alexandra L. Wright, Malissa Clark
Research Design Of Job Satisfaction In An East African Medical Research Center, Fransuave L. Moore, Emily P. Moody, Alexandra L. Wright, Malissa Clark
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
For years, I-O research has used surveys and scales to measure job satisfaction; however, a traditional survey may not always be the best option. Therefore, our research team utilized interviews as well as surveys to understand job satisfaction at the National Institute of Medical Research, Amani Centre (NIMR-AC). The Centre is in Muheza, Tanzania, a rural town one hour from the East African coast. We used a mixed methods approach with an aim to distinguish the key characteristics and variations of job satisfaction among the employees of NIMR-AC. The nature of the surveys, one-on-one interviews, and a focus group discussion …
Organizational Alignment Through Leadership Proficiency And Human System Interventions, Kristin Weger, Raeshaun Jones, Lisa Matsuyama, Michael Buford, Jarielle Prince, Sarah Rose Stough
Organizational Alignment Through Leadership Proficiency And Human System Interventions, Kristin Weger, Raeshaun Jones, Lisa Matsuyama, Michael Buford, Jarielle Prince, Sarah Rose Stough
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Across many organizations, agencies and programs have been tasked with building, training, and retaining the workforce needed. Yet, only few organizations have succeeded in their efforts by creating a culture in which workforce preferences align and overarching leadership support is provided. Such a cultural transformation requires not only a behavioral shift from employees, but especially from those in leadership positions, in order to break from the typical way that organizations have long encouraged them to behave. Although the importance of leadership has been emphasized in previous literature, no consistent description of leadership attributes or promising application of human system interventions …
After #Metoo: Perceptions Of Sexual Harassment In And Out Of The Workplace, Brittany Branda, Alexandra I. Zelin, Riley Tino
After #Metoo: Perceptions Of Sexual Harassment In And Out Of The Workplace, Brittany Branda, Alexandra I. Zelin, Riley Tino
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
The purpose of this study is to identify perceptions of sexual harassment in the workplace and non-workplace settings. Following the “Me Too” movement, the issue of what constitutes sexual harassment in workplace environments underwent intense speculation. Confusion about the behaviors that equate to sexual harassment not only delays making progress toward eliminating it, but risks the well-being of citizens, employees, and their organizations. Individuals who experience sexual harassment are thrust into states of psychological distress and are known to experience fear, negative moods, and a lowered satisfaction with life in general. Additionally, exhibiting behaviors of sexual harassment in the workplace …
Conditional Reasoning Test For Impression Management, Devon Hickman, Yalcin Acigkoz, Erich Iverson, Zhen Graham
Conditional Reasoning Test For Impression Management, Devon Hickman, Yalcin Acigkoz, Erich Iverson, Zhen Graham
River Cities Industrial and Organizational Psychology Conference
Individuals engage in impression management behaviors in most social situations. However, one of the most prone settings to impression management is the work context. Even though the extent to which an individual performs impression management behaviors is influenced by situational factors, it is also plausible that there is a dispositional component involved. Therefore, it is important to be able to measure the extent to which individuals are likely to engage in impression management. In this study, an innovative approach to the measurement of impression management is proposed. Specifically, a conditional reasoning test (CRT) is developed to measure impression management propensity. …
Impact Of Spousal Work Restrictions And Number Of Dependents On Expatriates’ Work Life And Overall Life Satisfaction, Pooja B. Vijayakumar, Christopher J. L. Cunningham
Impact Of Spousal Work Restrictions And Number Of Dependents On Expatriates’ Work Life And Overall Life Satisfaction, Pooja B. Vijayakumar, Christopher J. L. Cunningham
Industrial and Organizational Psychology Translational Research and Working Papers
Purpose Our understanding of the challenges and the broader role of spouses of expatriates is extremely limited. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of spousal work restrictions and number of dependents on expatriates’ work life and overall life satisfaction using qualitative and quantitative analyses Design Data were collected from 416 Indian informational technology professionals working in USA. Hypothesized conditional process models were analyzed using the PROCESS tools. Findings Spousal work restrictions and number of dependents created complications in personal life of expatriates, which interfered with their work life resulting in lower overall life satisfaction. We identified …
Monoamine Oxidase In The Regulation Of Biopsychological Factors: A Literature Review Of The Correlates Of Time Perspective, Sensation-Seeking, Boredom Proneness, And Affect, Sabrina K. Mcallister, David F. Nichols
Monoamine Oxidase In The Regulation Of Biopsychological Factors: A Literature Review Of The Correlates Of Time Perspective, Sensation-Seeking, Boredom Proneness, And Affect, Sabrina K. Mcallister, David F. Nichols
Modern Psychological Studies
This literature review will explore relationships between several psychological factors, such as affect, time perspective, and boredom, with levels of relevant neurotransmitters, namely dopamine and serotonin. For instance, the neurological processes involved in affect could also influence sensation-seeking through changes in cognition and boredom. Additionally, a more negative mood resulting from decreased dopamine levels could result in short-term shifts in one’s time perspective. Monoamine oxidase plays a role in the regulation of neurotransmitter levels in the brain. Large amounts of this enzyme result in reduced levels of dopamine and serotonin. Understanding such relationships has the potential to propel further research …
A Noble Task: Testing An Operational Model Of Clergy Occupational Health, Drake Terry
A Noble Task: Testing An Operational Model Of Clergy Occupational Health, Drake Terry
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
In many ways, clergy and religious leaders are an ignored yet high-risk population. A clergy member unable to cope with challenges in his or her own life may be ineffective at helping church members to cope with their stress. The purpose of the present study was to develop and test an operational model of clergy holistic health, including occupational demands, and personal and job-related resources. Data were collected from clergy (N = 418) and analyzed using correlational and regression based techniques. Results from the present study provided support for the demands-control-support model (Johnson & Hall, 1988). Specifically, clergy mental health …
Conditional Reflection And The Religion Reflection Scale: How Familiarity With Different Domains Influences Cognitive Reflection, Jacob Strimaitis
Conditional Reflection And The Religion Reflection Scale: How Familiarity With Different Domains Influences Cognitive Reflection, Jacob Strimaitis
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
A host of research has shown that those who are nonreligious tend to outscore those who are religious on measures of intelligence and cognitive reflection. The prevailing explanation for this phenomenon is that nonreligious people are more adept at overriding their initial intuitions, thus leading to their increased skepticism of intuitive supernatural beliefs. However, the argument is raised in this investigation that the current measures of cognitive reflection in the field may not encapsulate the totality of dual-process thinking. Just as math students outperform upper-level psychology students on measures of cognitive reflection related to their discipline (Study 1), so, too, …
No More Blurred Lines: Tennesseans Deserve High Quality Sexual Assault Education, Sara Leach
No More Blurred Lines: Tennesseans Deserve High Quality Sexual Assault Education, Sara Leach
Honors Theses
This study seeks to build on pre-existing literature about the impact that bystander intervention training has on deterring sexual assault from occurring on college campuses. Anderson and Whiston’s 2005 study revealed that sexual assault trainings were more effective if a bystander approach was taken and a good relationship among the presenters and recipients was established. The psychology department at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga created a course dedicated to implementing the Empower the Bystander training (Johnson et al. 2015) for the undergraduate population in the fall of 2017. A peer led-program, this course educates participants on how to be …
Linguistic Analysis Of Written Language Used By Young Adults With And Without Invisible Disabilities, Amanda Schwartz
Linguistic Analysis Of Written Language Used By Young Adults With And Without Invisible Disabilities, Amanda Schwartz
Honors Theses
Spoken and written language patterns are subtle aspects of behavior that may differ between those with and without invisible disabilities. One tool to measure language is the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), a computer-based measure comprising a variety of components (emotional, cognitive, and structural) present in oral and written language samples (Pennebaker, Boyd, Jordan, & Blackburn, 2015). Using LIWC analyses, previous research suggests a significant difference in written language usage amongst individuals with depression compared to those without depression (Brockmeyer, et al., 2015). Unfortunately, a limited amount of research has been conducted using LIWC analyses to examine written language …
A Guide To The Multiple Errands Test, Carly Jessup
A Guide To The Multiple Errands Test, Carly Jessup
Honors Theses
Executive function plays an important role in everyday life skills such as planning, organizing, controlling and sustaining attention, and socializing. Until recently, executive function was measured almost exclusively using laboratory-based assessments. However, many participants would score satisfactorily on those laboratory assessments, while having significant difficulty with activities of daily living. A potential solution to this issue is the Multiple Errands Test (MET), which is an ecologically valid assessment that can help predict performance of everyday life skills. The MET is a flexible assessment that can be modified in order to fit the needs of the setting and patient. Indeed, many …
Comparing Stress Levels And Coping Styles In College Athletes And Non-Athletes, Melanie Martin
Comparing Stress Levels And Coping Styles In College Athletes And Non-Athletes, Melanie Martin
Honors Theses
The way individuals manage their stress levels impacts their everyday functioning. In addition to general life stressors, college athletes and college students have athletic and academic performances riding on their ability to cope with the wide variety of daily stressors. This study aimed to primarily look at the differences in stress levels and coping styles between college athletes and non-athletes. Additionally, the current research examined gender differences between the two groups regarding coping styles. College athletes did not report higher levels of perceived stress nor more positive coping styles than non-athletes as measured by the COPE questionnaire. There were significant …
The Effects Of Motivational States On Metacognition And Prospective Memory, Amelia Edwards
The Effects Of Motivational States On Metacognition And Prospective Memory, Amelia Edwards
Honors Theses
Prospective memory is the ability to remember and act upon future intentions. In the context of daily life, prospective memory intentions can be either self-interested or pro-socially motivated (such as remembering to pay a credit card bill or buy a gift for a friend, respectively). Research suggests that individuals place greater importance on their performance of prosocial intentions rather than self-interested intentions, and a pro-social advantage has been observed in prospective memory. I investigated the role of motivation in prospective memory and a person’s belief about their cognitive abilities (i.e., metacognition) in regard to prospective memory. The present study used …
The Complex Effects Of Equity Sensitivity On Job Commitment And Satisfaction: A Pilot Study, West Phifer
The Complex Effects Of Equity Sensitivity On Job Commitment And Satisfaction: A Pilot Study, West Phifer
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
According to equity theory (Adams, 1963, 1965), employees determine whether they are being treated fairly by comparing what they give to and receive from their organization to that of other employees. However, individual perceptions of equity differ in the workplace, a phenomenon Huseman, Hatfield and Miles, (1987) labeled equity sensitivity, which ranges from benevolents, those who accept low levels of equity, to entitleds, who desire more favorable outcomes for themselves. Davison and Bing (2008) split the Huseman et al. continuum into its two components, benevolence and entitlement, and those are the focus of the present study. These dimensions were tested …
Socialization And Problem-Solving In Domestic Cats (Felis Catus), Mary Howard
Socialization And Problem-Solving In Domestic Cats (Felis Catus), Mary Howard
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
There is evidence that an animal’s socialization towards humans and rearing environment can enhance their problem-solving ability. According to the social intelligence hypothesis, which states that intelligence evolved due to complex social environments, an animal’s social life should result in higher cognitive abilities. Domestic cats are capable of leading both solitary and social lives in their natural habitat, as well as in captive environments. I assessed both general problem-solving ability and the relationship between socialization and problem-solving ability, problem-solving speed, and latency to approach a novel apparatus in domestic cats. Twenty-four out of eighty-six cats solved the problem-solving task. There …
Don't Forget To Remember: Motivation And Environmental Cues Affect Prospective Memory Performance, Jessica Hacker
Don't Forget To Remember: Motivation And Environmental Cues Affect Prospective Memory Performance, Jessica Hacker
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Prospective memory (PM) refers to remembering to fulfill previously formed intentions. While some intentions are self-interested, others are prosocial, and both are influenced by motivational forces. This study examined these relationships using a monetary incentive to moderate motivation, and explored how metacognition was affected. College students (N = 75) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions (i.e., prosocial, self-interested, or standard). Eye-tracking technology collected gaze data using a visual search task that incorporated a PM intention. Motivational orientation did not differentially influence PM performance. Metacognitive analyses indicated that while participants in the prosocial and standard conditions were underconfident, those …
Detecting Deception: The Accuracy Of The Good Judge, Amanda Warner
Detecting Deception: The Accuracy Of The Good Judge, Amanda Warner
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Recent research has demonstrated that the good judge, the individual who tends form accurate impressions of others, are skilled in the detection and utilization of social cues (Rogers & Biesanz, in press) though this skill is only evident when interacting with a good target, the individual who tends to be understood by others. Given this ability to detect and use cues, this study sought to determine whether good judges of personality are also skilled at detecting deception, as individuals typically are inaccurate in their judgements of deception due to focusing on irrelevant cues (Vrij, Granhag, & Porter, 2010). A sample …
Personality And Affiliation Involving A Cooperative Task In Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) Dyads, Kimberly Bagley
Personality And Affiliation Involving A Cooperative Task In Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) Dyads, Kimberly Bagley
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Cooperation may be related to personality in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) dyads. Five bottlenose dolphin pairs at the Roatan Institute for Marine Sciences (RIMS), Honduras, were presented with an apparatus released a food reward if opened cooperatively. I created personality profiles of each dolphin with traits grouped in two different contexts: dolphin-dolphin and dolphin-world. I hypothesized that success of the cooperative task would be related to similarities in socialization and dissimilar in interacting with objects. None of the dolphin pairs cooperated to open the apparatus. I then analyzed individual personalities in relation to the dolphins’ individual and mutual interactions with …
Quantifying And Qualifying The Links That Bind, Jared Dirghalli
Quantifying And Qualifying The Links That Bind, Jared Dirghalli
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Employees’ links to organizations and coworkers represent an important factor related to many work-related constructs in the Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology literature. Often, I-O researchers conceptualize these employee links through either the number of workplace links or an employee’s perceived social support. However, these conceptualizations are potentially limited. Research into Social Network Analysis has investigated different quality dimensions in links (e.g., link strength and valence) which can significantly influence outcomes in social, workplace, and general well-being contexts. Thus, the present thesis project was undertaken to explore whether incorporating these quality dimensions of link strength and link valence adds any incremental utility …
Understanding The Relationship Between Sexual Identity, Life Satisfaction, Psychological Well-Being, And Online Community Use, Aaliyah L. Gray, Erin W. Moore
Understanding The Relationship Between Sexual Identity, Life Satisfaction, Psychological Well-Being, And Online Community Use, Aaliyah L. Gray, Erin W. Moore
Modern Psychological Studies
Identity-based frameworks allow for a diverse look at sexuality because they consider non-binary groups that are typically excluded. This study sought to address gaps in LGBQ research by utilizing a diverse sample of sexual identities. It was hypothesized that asexual, demisexual, polysexual, and pansexual individuals would report lower levels of life satisfaction and psychological well-being, more frequent support-seeking internet use, and lower sense of community compared to gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. A total of 284 individuals completed an online survey. Results suggest that experiences of life satisfaction, well-being, and sense of community are more nuanced than considered in past …
The Role Of Stressors And Academic Competence In Adolescent Depression By Race, Ishani R. Deo, Hazel M. Prelow
The Role Of Stressors And Academic Competence In Adolescent Depression By Race, Ishani R. Deo, Hazel M. Prelow
Journal of Adolescent and Family Health
This study used a sample of 260 African American and European American adolescents to investigate whether adolescents' perceptions of academic competence serve as a mediator of the relationship between different interpersonal stressors and depression symptoms, and whether the utility of this model changes with race. The association between exposure to violence and depression symptoms was mediated by academic competence, and race moderated the indirect paths from both discrimination experiences and violence exposure to depression. In addition to the significant differences by race, there was a significant indirect effect for African Americans exposed to violence. These findings suggest that African American …
Terror Management Theory: The Effect Of Death On Criminogenic Thought Patterns, Zachary J. Kyle
Terror Management Theory: The Effect Of Death On Criminogenic Thought Patterns, Zachary J. Kyle
Modern Psychological Studies
Terror Management Theory has been applied with judges and juries in the courtroom, but not yet with criminals themselves. The current study looks for an association between criminogenic thought patterns and worldviews of criminal behavior. Thought patterns were assessed with the Measure of Criminogenic Thinking Styles (MOCTS), while worldviews were measured with the associate section of the Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates. Results indicated that mortality salience did not increase criminogenic thinking. However, criminogenic thinking scores from the MOCTS were correlated with scores on the associate scale under mortality salience. These findings may suggest that participants with a worldview …
The Bystander Effect In Non-Emergency Situations: Influence Of Gender And Group Size, Amanda Cox, Aimee Adam
The Bystander Effect In Non-Emergency Situations: Influence Of Gender And Group Size, Amanda Cox, Aimee Adam
Modern Psychological Studies
Although research on the bystander effect spans 50 years, the influence of some variables on prosocial behavior are still unclear. In a field experiment, I tried to replicate the basic bystander effect in three non-emergency situations, and studied the impact of bystander and “victim” gender on helping behavior. I successfully replicated the basic bystander effect; bystanders who were alone were significantly more likely to help than bystanders with one or more than one companion. In addition, when people noticed the need for help, a male and a female confederate were helped equally as often. Finally, women were more likely to …
Personality Traits, Political Ideology, And Candidate Preference In The Deep South, Cameron D. Mackey, Heidi L. Dempsey
Personality Traits, Political Ideology, And Candidate Preference In The Deep South, Cameron D. Mackey, Heidi L. Dempsey
Modern Psychological Studies
Previous studies have shown that disgust sensitivity (DS), right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), religious fundamentalism (RF), and belief in a just world (BJW) are associated with social conservatism and religious questioning (QUEST) is associated with social liberalism. The current study was designed determine whether these personality traits would predict who the student planned to vote for in the 2016 U.S. Presidential primary. Consistent with previous research, DS, RWA, RF, and BJW were positively correlated with social conservatism and QUEST was negatively correlated. Students who were highest on RWA, RF, and lowest on QUEST were most likely to vote for one of the …
Anxiety And Depression In Family Members Of People Struggling With Addiction, Eleanor A. Mcardle, Laura G. Stull, Ph.D.
Anxiety And Depression In Family Members Of People Struggling With Addiction, Eleanor A. Mcardle, Laura G. Stull, Ph.D.
Modern Psychological Studies
While providing understanding and help for people struggling with addiction is essential, providing the same service for family members who have experienced distress in response to a loved one’s struggle with addiction is vital as well. Therefore, the current research aims to shed light on an important topic that currently has little emphasis, understanding, or prior research: how addiction affects immediate family members’ anxiety and depression levels. It was hypothesized that anxiety and depression would be significantly higher in students who had a family member addicted to drugs or alcohol than those without an addicted family member. These hypotheses were …