Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Quantal density functional theory (4)
- Quantum dots (4)
- Schrödinger-Pauli theory (4)
- Nonlinear Optics (3)
- Quantum theory (3)
-
- Born's rule (2)
- Classical mechanics (2)
- Electron correlations (2)
- Electrons (2)
- Electrostatics (2)
- Hermitian operator (2)
- Magnetic fields (2)
- Plasmonics (2)
- Quantum dot (2)
- Quantum mechanics (2)
- Schrödinger theory of electrons (2)
- Second Harmonic Generation (2)
- ‘Quantal Newtonian’ first and second laws (2)
- "Quantal Newtonian" laws (1)
- 'Quantal Newtonian' first law (1)
- Acoustic waves (1)
- Analytic theory (1)
- Angular momentum (1)
- Atom (1)
- Bacterial reaction center (1)
- Bacteriorhodopsin (1)
- Chemical energy (1)
- Complex I (1)
- Complex Light (1)
- Conjugated Polymer (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 31 - 56 of 56
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Master Integrals For Double Real Radiation Emission In Heavy-To-Light Quark Decay, Roberto Bonciani, Alessandro Broggio, Leandro Cieri, Andrea Ferroglia
Master Integrals For Double Real Radiation Emission In Heavy-To-Light Quark Decay, Roberto Bonciani, Alessandro Broggio, Leandro Cieri, Andrea Ferroglia
Publications and Research
We evaluate analytically the master integrals for double real radiation emission in the b → uW* decay, where b and u are a massive and massless quark, respectively, while W* is an off-shell charged weak boson. Since the W boson can subsequently decay in a lepton anti-neutrino pair, the results of the present paper constitute a further step toward a fully analytic computation of differential distributions for the semileptonic decay of a b quark at NNLO in QCD. The latter partonic process plays a crucial role in the study of inclusive semileptonic charmless decays of B mesons. Our …
Quantum Optical Interferometry And Quantum State Engineering, Richard J. Birrittella Jr
Quantum Optical Interferometry And Quantum State Engineering, Richard J. Birrittella Jr
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
We highlight some of our research done in the fields of quantum optical interferometry and quantum state engineering. We discuss the body of work for which our research is predicated, as well as discuss some of the fundamental tenants of the theory of phase estimation. We do this in the context of quantum optical interferometry where our primary interest lies in the calculation of the quantum Fisher information as it has been shown that the minimum phase uncertainty obtained, the quantum Cramer-Rao bound, is saturated by parity-based detection methods. We go on to show that the phase uncertainty one obtains …
Second Harmonic Generation – A Novel Approach In Retinal Imaging, Denis Y. Sharoukhov
Second Harmonic Generation – A Novel Approach In Retinal Imaging, Denis Y. Sharoukhov
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Here we present the utilization of Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) for label-free imaging of microtubules (MTs) in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). MTs are an important part of axonal cytoskeleton, providing structural support and serving as a railroad in intracellular transport. We demonstrate the application of SHG microscopy to the following studies: 1) Can changes in MT conformation be detected when treated with a stabilizing drug (Taxol); 2) if disruption in MT precedes loss of axons in a mouse model of glaucoma (DBA/2J); and 3) if elevated levels of intraocular pressure affect MT integrity. Our results validate SHG imaging …
Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields: New Perspectives, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields: New Perspectives, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Publications and Research
The Schrödinger theory of electrons in an external electromagnetic field is described from the new perspective of the individual electron. The perspective is arrived at via the time-dependent "Quantal Newtonian" law (or differential virial theorem). (The time-independent law, a special case, provides a similar description of stationary-state theory). These laws are in terms of "classical" fields whose sources are quantal expectations of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. The laws reveal the following physics: (a) in addition to the external field, each electron experiences an internal field whose components are representative of a specific property of the …
Electron Correlations In An Excited State Of A Quantum Dot In A Uniform Magnetic Field, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni
Electron Correlations In An Excited State Of A Quantum Dot In A Uniform Magnetic Field, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
Electron correlations in a two-electron two-dimensional ‘artificial atom’ or quantum dot (with harmonic confining potential) in the presence of a uniform magnetic field in an excited singlet state are studied via quantal density functional theory (QDFT). QDFT allows for the separation of the electron correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, as well as the determination of the contribution of these correlations to the kinetic energy. The QDFT mapping is from the excited state of the quantum dot to one of noninteracting fermions in their ground state possessing the same basic variables of the density and physical …
Generalization Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons, Viraht Sahni
Generalization Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Schrödinger theory for a system of electrons in the presence of both a static and time-dependent electromagnetic field is generalized so as to exhibit the intrinsic self-consistent nature of the corresponding Schrödinger equations. This is accomplished by proving that the Hamiltonian in the stationary-state and time-dependent cases {\hat{H}; \hat{H}(t)} are exactly known functionals of the corresponding wave functions {\Psi; \Psi(t)}, i.e. \hat{H} = \hat{H}[\Psi] and \hat{H}(t) = \hat{H}[\Psi(t)]. Thus, the Schrödinger equations may be written as \hat{H}[\Psi]\Psi = E[\Psi]\Psi and \hat{H}[\Psi(t)]\Psi(t) = i\partial\Psi(t)/\partial t. As a consequence the eiegenfunctions and energy eigenvalues {\Psi; E} of the stationary-state equation, and …
Properties Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Properties Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Publications and Research
The Schrödinger theory of electrons in an external electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via the ‘Quantal Newtonian’ laws (or differential virial theorems). These laws are in terms of ‘classical’ fields whose sources are quantal expectations of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. The laws reveal the following physics: (a) In addition to the external field, each electron experiences an internal field whose components are representative of a specific property of the system such as the correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, the electron density, kinetic effects, …
Control Of Spontanous Emission From Quantum Emitters Using Hyperbolic Metamaterial Substrates, Tal Galfsky
Control Of Spontanous Emission From Quantum Emitters Using Hyperbolic Metamaterial Substrates, Tal Galfsky
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are so named for possessing a hyperboloid-shaped dispersion which gives rise to a large photonic density of states. Quantum emitters placed inside or in the near-field of a HMM have been shown to exhibit strong enhancement of spontaneous emission due to the increase in available states. This thesis focuses on enhancing spontaneous emission of quantum emitters in optical frequencies by utilizing multilayered metal/dielectric composites that form these highly anisotropic metamaterials. In conjunction with the enhanced decay rate we experimentally demonstrate two methods for shaping and directing radiation trapped in the HMM into free space by employing a …
Electron Correlations In Local Effective Potential Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan, Tao Yang
Electron Correlations In Local Effective Potential Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan, Tao Yang
Publications and Research
Local effective potential theory, both stationary-state and time-dependent, constitutes the mapping from a system of electrons in an external field to one of the noninteracting fermions possessing the same basic variable such as the density, thereby enabling the determination of the energy and other properties of the electronic system. This paper is a description via Quantal Density Functional Theory (QDFT) of the electron correlations that must be accounted for in such a mapping. It is proved through QDFT that independent of the form of external field, (a) it is possible to map to a model system possessing all the basic …
Vector Beams For Fundamental Physics And Applications, Giovanni Milione
Vector Beams For Fundamental Physics And Applications, Giovanni Milione
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Lights salient degrees of freedom are the independent parameters that completely de- scribe an electromagnetic wave (in the paraxial approximation) and include polarization, wavelength, and time. Most recently, lights space degree of freedom has received sig- nificant attention via the sub-discipline of optics that can be referred to as complex light or structured light. The study of complex light is a veritable renaissance of optics; us- ing lights space degree of freedom many classical optics phenomena have been revisited with novel results. In this thesis, a novel form of structured light referred to as vector beams will be investigated. It …
Theoretical Analysis Of Single Molecule Spectroscopy Lineshapes Of Conjugated Polymers, Murali Devi
Theoretical Analysis Of Single Molecule Spectroscopy Lineshapes Of Conjugated Polymers, Murali Devi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Conjugated Polymers(CPs) exhibit a wide range of highly tunable optical properties. Quantitative and detailed understanding of the nature of excitons responsible for such a rich optical behavior has significant implications for better utilization of CPs for more efficient plastic solar cells and other novel optoelectronic devices. In general, samples of CPs are plagued with substantial inhomogeneous broadening due to various sources of disorder. Single molecule emission spectroscopy (SMES) offers a unique opportunity to investigate the energetics and dynamics of excitons and their interactions with phonon modes. The major subject of the present thesis is to analyze and understand room temperature …
Ultrafast Spectroscopy And Energy Transfer In An Organic/Inorganic Composite Of Zinc Oxide And Graphite Oxide, Jeff A. Secor
Ultrafast Spectroscopy And Energy Transfer In An Organic/Inorganic Composite Of Zinc Oxide And Graphite Oxide, Jeff A. Secor
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The energy transfers and nature of defect levels of an organic/inorganic composite of Zinc Oxide and Graphite are studied with multidimensional spectroscopy. The edge and surface states of each composite are uncovered using excitation emission experiments showing which defect states are mediating the energy transfer from the metal oxide to the graphite oxide. Multidimensional time resolved spectroscopy further describes the effect of the carbon phase on the energy transfer pathways in the material.
Zncdmgse As A Materials Platform For Advanced Photonic Devices: Broadband Quantum Cascade Detectors And Green Semiconductor Disk Lasers, Joel De Jesus
Zncdmgse As A Materials Platform For Advanced Photonic Devices: Broadband Quantum Cascade Detectors And Green Semiconductor Disk Lasers, Joel De Jesus
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The ZnCdMgSe family of II-VI materials has unique and promising characteristics that may be useful in practical applications. For example they can be grown lattice matched to InP substrates with lattice matched bandgaps that span from 2.1 to 3.5 eV, they can be successfully doped n-type, have a large conduction band offset (CBO) with no intervalley scattering present when strained, they have lower average phonon energies, and the InP lattice constant lies in the middle of the ZnSe and CdSe binaries compounds giving room to experiment with tensile and compressive stress. However they have not been studied in detail for …
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorems In Electrostatic And Uniform Magnetostatic Fields, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorems In Electrostatic And Uniform Magnetostatic Fields, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Hohenberg-Kohn (HK) theorems of bijectivity between the external scalar potential and the gauge invariant nondegenerate ground state density, and the consequent Euler variational principle for the density, are proved for arbitrary electrostatic field and the constraint of fixed electron number. The HK theorems are generalized for spinless electrons to the added presence of an external uniform magnetostatic field by introducing the new constraint of fixed canonical orbital angular momentum. Thereby, a bijective relationship between the external scalar and vector potentials, and the gauge invariant nondegenerate ground state density and physical current density, is proved. A corresponding Euler variational principle …
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorems In Electrostatic And Uniform Magnetostatic Fields, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorems In Electrostatic And Uniform Magnetostatic Fields, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Hohenberg-Kohn (HK) theorems of bijectivity between the external scalar potential and the gauge invariant nondegenerate ground state density, and the consequent Euler variational principle for the density, are proved for arbitrary electrostatic field and the constraint of fixed electron number. The HK theorems are generalized for spinless electrons to the added presence of an external uniform magnetostatic field by introducing the new constraint of fixed canonical orbital angular momentum. Thereby a bijective relationship between the external scalar and vector potentials, and the gauge invariant nondegenerate ground state density and physical current density, is proved. A corresponding Euler variational principle …
Wigner High-Electron-Correlation Regime Of Nonuniform Density Systems: A Quantal-Density-Functional-Theory Study, Douglas Achan, Lou Massa, Viraht Sahni
Wigner High-Electron-Correlation Regime Of Nonuniform Density Systems: A Quantal-Density-Functional-Theory Study, Douglas Achan, Lou Massa, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Wigner regime of a system of electrons in an external field is characterized by a low electron density and a high electron-interaction energy relative to the kinetic energy. The low-correlation regime is in turn described by a high electron density and an electron-interaction energy smaller than the kinetic energy. The Wigner regime of a nonuniform-electron-density system is investigated via quantal density functional theory (QDFT). Within QDFT, the contributions of electron correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle, Coulomb repulsion, and correlation-kinetic effects are separately delineated and explicitly defined. The nonuniform-electron-density system studied is that of the Hooke's atom in …
Wave Function For Harmonically Confined Electrons In Time-Dependent Electric And Magnetostatic Fields, Hong-Ming Zhu, Jin-Wang Chen, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Wave Function For Harmonically Confined Electrons In Time-Dependent Electric And Magnetostatic Fields, Hong-Ming Zhu, Jin-Wang Chen, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
We derive via the interaction “representation” the many-body wave function for harmonically confined electrons in the presence of a magnetostatic field and perturbed by a spatially homogeneous time-dependent electric field—the Generalized Kohn Theorem (GKT) wave function. In the absence of the harmonic confinement – the uniform electron gas – the GKT wave function reduces to the Kohn Theorem wave function. Without the magnetostatic field, the GKTwave function is the Harmonic Potential Theorem wave function. We further prove the validity of the connection between the GKT wave function derived and the system in an accelerated frame of reference. Finally, we provide …
Large Scale Anisotropy Of Cosmic Rays And Directional Neutrino Signals From Galactic Sources, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Haim Goldberg, Angela V. Olinto, Thomas C. Paul, Brian J. Vlcek, Thomas J. Weiler
Large Scale Anisotropy Of Cosmic Rays And Directional Neutrino Signals From Galactic Sources, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Haim Goldberg, Angela V. Olinto, Thomas C. Paul, Brian J. Vlcek, Thomas J. Weiler
Publications and Research
We investigate the neutrino cosmic ray connection for sources in the Galaxy in terms of two observables: the shape of the energy spectrum and the distribution of arrival directions. We also study the associated gamma ray emission from these sources.
Wave Function For Time-Dependent Harmonically Confined Electrons In A Time-Dependent Electric Field, Yu-Qi Li, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Wave Function For Time-Dependent Harmonically Confined Electrons In A Time-Dependent Electric Field, Yu-Qi Li, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The many-body wave function of a system of interacting particles confined by a time-dependent harmonic potential and perturbed by a time-dependent spatially homogeneous electric field is derived via the Feynman path-integral method. The wave function is comprised of a phase factor times the solution to the unperturbed time-dependent Schrödinger equation with the latter being translated by a time-dependent value that satisfies the classical driven equation of motion. The wave function reduces to that of the Harmonic Potential Theorem wave function for the case of the time-independent harmonic confining potential.
Comment On "Density And Physical Current Density Functional Theory", Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Comment On "Density And Physical Current Density Functional Theory", Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
In this letter to the editor, the authors comment on an earlier article they had published, "Density and Physical Current Density Functional Theory" (Pan, X.-Y. and Sahni, V. (2010), Density and physical current density functional theory. Int. J. Quantum Chem., 110: 2833–2843. doi: 10.1002/qua.22862).
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorem Including Electron Spin, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Hohenberg-Kohn Theorem Including Electron Spin, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem is generalized to the case of a finite system of N electrons in external electrostatic epsilon(r) = -del nu(r) and magnetostatic B(r) = del x A(r) fields in which the interaction of the latter with both the orbital and spin angular momentum is considered. For a nondegenerate ground state a bijective relationship is proved between the gauge invariant density rho(r) and physical current density j(r) and the potentials {nu(r), A(r)}. The possible many-to-one relationship between the potentials {v(r), A(r)} and the wave function is explicitly accounted for in the proof. With the knowledge that the basic variables …
Hohenberg-Kohn And Percus-Levy-Lieb Proofs Of Density-Functional Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Hohenberg-Kohn And Percus-Levy-Lieb Proofs Of Density-Functional Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Publications and Research
The premise of density-functional theory is that knowledge of the ground-state density uniquely determines the Hamiltonian, and thereby, via solution of the corresponding time-independent Schrodinger equation, all the properties of the system. The density therefore constitutes a basic variable of quantum mechanics. There are at present two paths from the density to the Hamiltonian: the Hohenberg and Kohn proof of the bijectivity between the external potential and the basic variable, and the Percus, Levy, and Lieb constrained-search proof. We argue the Hohenberg- and Kohn-type proof to be the more fundamental, and that this is the case in general when both …
Demonstration Of The Gunnarsson-Lundqvist Theorem And The Multiplicity Of Potentials For Excited States, Yu-Qi Li, Xiao-Yin Pan, Biao Li, Viraht Sahni
Demonstration Of The Gunnarsson-Lundqvist Theorem And The Multiplicity Of Potentials For Excited States, Yu-Qi Li, Xiao-Yin Pan, Biao Li, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The Gunnarsson-Lundqvist (GL) theorem of density functional theory states that there is a one-to-one relationship between the density of the lowest nondegenerate excited state of a given symmetry and the external potential. As a consequence, knowledge of this excited state density determines the external potential uniquely. [The GL theorem is the equivalent for such excited states of theHohenberg-Kohn (HK) theorem for nondegenerate ground states.] For other excited states, there is no equivalent of the GL or HK theorem. For these states, there thus exist multiple potentials that generate the excited-state density. We show, by example, the satisfaction that the GL …
Hamad Studies, Teaches Properties Of Light, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Hamad Studies, Teaches Properties Of Light, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Wave-Function Functionals For The Density, Marlina Slamet, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Wave-Function Functionals For The Density, Marlina Slamet, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
We extend the idea of the constrained-search variational method for the construction of wave-function functionals psi[chi] of functions chi. The search is constrained to those functions chi such that psi[chi] reproduces the density rho(r) while simultaneously leading to an upper bound to the energy. The functionals are thereby normalized and automatically satisfy the electron-nucleus coalescence condition. The functionals psi[chi] are also constructed to satisfy the electron-electron coalescence condition. The method is applied to the ground state of the helium atom to construct functionals psi[chi] that reproduce the density as given by the Kinoshita correlated wave function. The expectation of single-particle …
Relativistic Wave Equation For Anyons, R. Jackiw, V. Parameswaran Nair
Relativistic Wave Equation For Anyons, R. Jackiw, V. Parameswaran Nair
Publications and Research
Construction of one-particle states as unitary representations of the Poincare algebra in 2 + 1 dimensions shows that an anyon has one polarization state. However, for nonzero spin manifestly linear and covariant realizations of Lorentz transformations require more than one field component, and an infinite number is needed when the value of spin is not an integer or half-integer. We discuss the relation between these two aspects of Poincare symmetry. In particular, we construct a relativistic equation for anyons where the number of physical polarizations is reduced to one by virtue of a gauge symmetry or equivalent constraint.