Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Slides: Idaho Rental Pool: Rules And Procedures, Idaho Water Resource Board, Jerry R. Rigby

Evolving Regional Frameworks for Ag-to-Urban Water Transfers (December 11)

Presenter: Jerry Rigby, Counsel for Fremont‐Madison Irrigation District, Rigby, Thatcher, Andrus, Rigby & Moeller, Idaho

25 slides

Greedy Signal Recovery Review, Deanna Needell, Joel A. Tropp, Roman Vershynin

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

The two major approaches to sparse recovery are L1-minimization and greedy methods. Recently, Needell and Vershynin developed Regularized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (ROMP) that has bridged the gap between these two approaches. ROMP is the first stable greedy algorithm providing uniform guarantees.

Even more recently, Needell and Tropp developed the stable greedy algorithm Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit (CoSaMP). CoSaMP provides uniform guarantees and improves upon the stability bounds and RIC requirements of ROMP. CoSaMP offers rigorous bounds on computational cost and storage. In many cases, the running time is just O(NlogN), where N is the ambient dimension of the signal. This …

Applications Of Operations Research In Domestic Electric Utilities, Jametta Myers

Theses and Dissertations

Since its inception in the 1950s, operations research has been used in a number of industries, including the energy industry. Documentation of its use in exploration, production, gasoline blending, oil spill management, coal mining, coal handling, and coal mixing is extensive. However, considerably less documented research exists for one significant customer of many of these products: the electric utility. This work reviews refereed literature from United States operations research journals that document the use of operations research in United States electric utility operations. Applications that centered specifically on the areas of thermal energy generation, transmission, distribution, capacity planning, electric power …

Decision Tree Ensemble: Small Heterogeneous Is Better Than Large Homogeneous, Mike Gashler, Christophe G. Giraud-Carrier, Tony R. Martinez

Faculty Publications

Using decision trees that split on randomly selected attributes is one way to increase the diversity within an ensemble of decision trees. Another approach increases diversity by combining multiple tree algorithms. The random forest approach has become popular because it is simple and yields good results with common datasets. We present a technique that combines heterogeneous tree algorithms and contrast it with homogeneous forest algorithms. Our results indicate that random forests do poorly when faced with irrelevant attributes, while our heterogeneous technique handles them robustly. Further, we show that large ensembles of random trees are more susceptible to diminishing returns …

Learning-Based Fusion For Data Deduplication, Sabra Dinerstein, Parris K. Egbert, Stephen W. Clyde, Jared Dinerstein

Faculty Publications

Rule-based deduplication utilizes expert domain knowledge to identify and remove duplicate data records. Achieving high accuracy in a rule-based system requires the creation of rules containing a good combination of discriminatory clues. Unfortunately, accurate rule-based deduplication often requires significant manual tuning of both the rules and the corresponding thresholds. This need for manual tuning reduces the efficacy of rule-based deduplication and its applicability to real-world data sets. No adequate solution exists for this problem. We propose a novel technique for rule-based deduplication. We apply individual deduplication rules, and combine the resultant match scores via learning-based information fusion. We show empirically …

Enterprise Vault And Discovery Accelerator: Email Archiving And Discovery Solution Implementation And The Legal Landscape, David Beebe

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

One of the most pressing Information Technology challenges organizations are facing today is managing the vast amount of data that exist at their company, especially with regard to email data. Over the last decade many legal regulations have been passed and amended to address these growing data concerns, especially with regard to email, as they contain critical business communications. These regulations require organizations to be able to quickly and accurately search and recover email data related to legal proceedings, which has led to an overwhelming adoption of email archiving and recovery solutions. Email archiving and recovery solutions allow organizations to …

First Results From The Lick Agn Monitoring Project: The Mass Of The Black Hole In Arp 151, Misty C. Bentz, Jonelle L. Walsh, Aaron J. Barth, Nairn Baliber, Nicola Bennert, Gabriela Canalizo, Alexei V. Filippenko, Mohan Ganeshalingam, Elinor L. Gates, Jenny E. Greene, Marton G. Hidas, Kyle D. Hiner, Nicholas Lee, Weidong Li, Matthew A. Malkan, Takeo Minezaki, Frank J.D. Serduke, Joshua H. Shiode, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Thea N. Steele, Daniel Stern, Rachel A. Street, Carol E. Thornton, Tommaso Treu, Xiaofeng Wang, Jong-Hak Woo, Yuzuru Yoshii

Physics

We have recently completed a 64 night spectroscopic monitoring campaign at the Lick Observatory 3 m Shane telescope with the aim of measuring the masses of the black holes in 13 nearby (z < 0.05) Seyfert 1 galaxies with expected masses in the range ~10⁶-10⁷ M_☉. We present here the first results from this project—the mass of the central black hole in Arp 151. Strong variability throughout the campaign led to an exceptionally clean Hβ lag measurement in this object of 4.25_−0.66^+0.68 days in the observed frame. Coupled with the width of the Hβ emission line in the variable spectrum, we determine a black …

Rotational Quenching Rate Coefficients For H2 In Collisions With H2 From 2 To 10,000 K, T.-G. Lee, N. Balakrishnan, R. C. Forrey, P. C. Stancil, G. Shaw, D. R. Schultz, Gary J. Ferland

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Rate coefficients for rotational transitions in H₂ induced by H₂ impact are presented. Extensive quantum mechanical coupled-channel calculations based on a recently published (H₂)₂ potential energy surface were performed. The potential energy surface used here has been demonstrated to be more reliable than surfaces used in previous work. Rotational transition cross sections with initial levels of J≤8 were computed for collision energies ranging between 10^-4 and 2.5 eV, and the corresponding rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 2≤T≤10,000 K. In general, agreement with earlier calculations, which were limited to 100-6000 K, …

Direct Distance Measurement To The Dusty White Dwarf Gd 362, Mukremin Kilic, John R. Thorstensen, D. Koester

Dartmouth Scholarship

We present trigonometric parallax observations of GD 362 obtained over seven epochs using the MDM 2.4m Hiltner Telescope. The existence of a dust disk around this possibly massive white dwarf makes it an interesting target for parallax observations. The measured parallax for GD 362 places it at a distance of 50.6 pc, which implies that its radius and mass are ~ 0.0106 Rsun and 0.71 Msun, respectively. GD 362 is not as massive as initially thought (1.2Msun). Our results are entirely consistent with the distance and mass estimates (52.2 pc and 0.73 Msun) by Zuckerman et al., who demonstrated that …

Formation Of Even-Numbered Hydrogen Cluster Cations In Ultracold Helium Droplets, S. Jaksch, A. Mauracher, A. Bacher, S. Denifl, F. Ferreira De Silva, H. Schoebel, Olof E. Echt, T. D. Maerk, M. Probst, D. K. Bohme, P. Scheier

Physics & Astronomy

Neutral hydrogen clusters are grown in ultracold helium nanodroplets by successive pickup of hydrogen molecules. Even-numbered hydrogen cluster cations are observed upon electron-impact ionization with and without attached helium atoms and in addition to the familiar odd-numbered H(n)(+). The helium matrix affects the fragmentation dynamics that usually lead to the formation of overwhelmingly odd-numbered H(n)(+). The use of high-resolution mass spectrometry allows the unambiguous identification of even-numbered H(n)(+) up to n congruent to 120 by their mass excess that distinguishes them from He(n)(+), mixed He(m)H(n)(+), and background ions. The large range in size of these hydrogen cluster ions is unprecedented, …

A Multizone Model For Simulating The High-Energy Variability Of Tev Blazars, Philip B. Graff, Markos Georganopoulos, Eric S. Perlman, Demosthenes Kazanas

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We present a time-dependent multizone code for simulating the variability of synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) sources. The code adopts a multizone pipe geometry for the emission region, appropriate for simulating emission from a standing or propagating shock in a collimated jet. Variations in the injection of relativistic electrons in the inlet propagate along the length of the pipe, cooling radiatively. Our code for the first time takes into account the nonlocal, time-retarded nature of SSC losses that are thought to be dominant in TeV blazars. The observed synchrotron and SSC emission is followed self-consistently, taking into account light-travel time delays. At …

Capturing Workflow Event Data For Monitoring, Performance Analysis, And Management Of Scientific Workflows, Matthew Valerio, Satya S. Sahoo, Roger Barga, Jared Jackson

Kno.e.sis Publications

To effectively support real-time monitoring and performance analysis of scientific workflow execution, varying levels of event data must be captured and made available to interested parties. This paper discusses the creation of an ontology-aware workflow monitoring system for use in the Trident system which utilizes a distributed publish/subscribe event model. The implementation of the publish/subscribe system is discussed and performance results are presented.

Secureqemu: Emulation-Based Software Protection Providing Encrypted Code Execution And Page Granularity Code Signing, William B. Kimball

Theses and Dissertations

This research presents an original emulation-based software protection scheme providing protection from reverse code engineering (RCE) and software exploitation using encrypted code execution and page-granularity code signing, respectively. Protection mechanisms execute in trusted emulators while remaining out-of-band of untrusted systems being emulated. This protection scheme is called SecureQEMU and is based on a modified version of Quick Emulator (QEMU) [5]. RCE is a process that uncovers the internal workings of a program. It is used during vulnerability and intellectual property (IP) discovery. To protect from RCE program code may have anti-disassembly, anti-debugging, and obfuscation techniques incorporated. These techniques slow the …

Dynamic Load Balancing Of Virtual Machines Hosted On Xen, Terry Clyde Wilcox

Theses and Dissertations

Currently systems of virtual machines are load balanced statically which can create load imbalances for systems where the load changes dynamically over time. For throughput and response time of a system to be maximized it is necessary for load to be evenly distributed among each part of the system. We implement a prototype policy engine for the Xen virtual machine monitor which can dynamically load balance virtual machines. We compare the throughput and response time of our system using the cpu2000 and the WEB2005 benchmarks from SPEC. Under the loads we tested, dynamic load balancing had 5%-8% higher throughput than …

Lattice Super-Yang-Mills Using Domain Wall Fermions In The Chiral Limit, Simon Catterall, Joel Giedt, Richard Brower, George T. Fleming, Pavlos Vranas

Physics - All Scholarship

Lattice N=1 super-Yang-Mills theory formulated using Ginsparg-Wilson fermions provides a rigorous non-perturbative definition of the continuum theory that requires no fine-tuning as the lattice spacing is reduced to zero. Domain wall fermions are one explicit scheme for achieving this and using them we have performed large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of the theory for gauge group SU(2). We have measured the gaugino condensate, static potential, Creutz ratios and residual mass for several values of the domain wall separation L_s, four-dimensional lattice volume, and two values of the gauge coupling. With this data we are able to extrapolate the gaugino condensate to …

Early Post-Fire Recovery On A Heavily Visited Mojave Desert Burn: Red Rock Canyon Near Las Vegas, Nevada, Scott R. Abella, E. Cayenne Engel, Christina L. Lund, Jessica E. Spencer

Fire Science Presentations

Wildfire has become widespread in southwestern USA deserts. In a record 2005 fire season in the Mojave Desert, for example, more than 385,000 hectares burned (Brooks and Matchett 2006). This burned area is approximately 3% of the entire Mojave Desert. Fueled in large part by exotic annual grasses, these fires burned desert ecosystems thought to have only burned infrequently historically. Burns now occupy significant portions of desert landscapes, posing prominent management challenges. Improving our understanding of plant recovery on desert burns is important for evaluating future fire hazard, whether natural revegetation will meet management objectives, and for planning active revegetation …

Using A Diverse Seed Mix To Establish Native Plants On A Sonoran Desert Burn, Scott R. Abella, John L. Gunn, Mark L. Daniels, Judith D. Springer, Susan E. Nyoka

Fire Science Presentations

• Revegetating burned areas is a formidable challenge facing resource managers in southwestern United States arid lands.
• Natural revegetation of desert burns by native species may be slow, or dominated by exotic annual grasses that perpetuate a frequent-fire regime.
• Resource managers may have several reasons for actively revegetating burns with native species, such as for providing competition with exotic species, minimizing soil erosion and dust pollution, and improving aesthetics.
• The use of native species in revegetation has been limited by a lack of available seed and by findings that native desert species are difficult to establish (e.g., Bainbridge and Virginia 1990, …

Post-Fire Plant Recovery In The Mojave And Sonoran Deserts Of Western North America, Scott R. Abella, Public Lands Institute, Department Of Environmental Studies, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas

Fire Science Presentations

Fire is thought to have been generally rare historically in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. However, invasion by exotic grasses (e.g., Schismus spp.) has increased fuel continuity, promoting fire in these deserts. Succession and recovery are not well understood processes in deserts, nonetheless for a novel disturbance like fire. In addition to helping build theories of desert succession and recovery, information on post-fire recovery has numerous practical implications (e.g., determining whether active revegetation is needed). Systematic reviews provide a means for obtaining literature using reproducible search criteria. This approach facilitates a balanced appraisal of available information, synthesizes scattered literature, and …

Nowhere To Hide: Finding Plagiarized Documents Based On Sentence Similarity, Nathaniel Gustafson, Yiu-Kai D. Ng, Maria Soledad Pera

Faculty Publications

Plagiarism is a serious problem that infringes copyrighted documents/materials, which is an unethical practice and decreases the economic incentive received by authors (owners) of the original copies. Unfortunately, plagiarism is getting worse due to the increasing number of online publications on the Web, which facilitates locating and paraphrasing information. In solving this problem, we propose a novel plagiarism-detection method, called SimPaD, which (i) establishes the degree of resemblance between any two documents D1 and D2 based on their sentence-to-sentence similarity computed by using pre-defined word-correlation factors, and (ii) generates a graphical view of sentences that are similar (or the same) …

Timing And Characterization Of The Change In The Redox State Of Uranium In Precambrian Surface Environments: A Proxy For The Oxidation State Of The Atmosphere, Gerald D. Pollack

Geosciences Dissertations

The redox-sensitive geochemical behavior of uranium permits the use of Th/U ratios as a geochemical proxy for the oxidation state of the atmosphere and oceans during sedimentary processes. Due to the effects of post-depositional uranium mobility on Th/U ratios during events involving oxygenated fluids, direct measurements of Th/U ratios are often misleading, but the whole rock Pb isotope composition may be used to determine a sample¡¦s apparent time-integrated Th/U ratio (ƒÛa) and the timing associated with the onset of the U-Th-Pb geochemistry. Rare earth element (REE) concentrations were determined by isotope dilution mass spectrometry to evaluate the influence of multiple …

Nondestructive Evaluation Of Aircraft Composites Using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy, Christopher D. Stoik

Theses and Dissertations

Terahertz (THz) time domain spectroscopy (TDS) was assessed as a nondestructive evaluation technique for aircraft composites. Material properties of glass fiber composite were measured using both transmission and reflection configuration. The interaction of THz with a glass fiber composite was then analyzed, including the effects of scattering, absorption, and the index of refraction, as well as effective medium approximations. THz TDS, in both transmission and reflection configuration, was used to study composite damage, including voids, delaminations, mechanical damage, and heat damage. Measurement of the material properties on samples with localized heat damage showed that burning did not change the refractive …

Nymble: Blocking Misbehaving Users In Anonymizing Networks, Patrick P. Tsang, Apu Kapadia, Cory Cornelius, Sean W. Smith

Computer Science Technical Reports

Anonymizing networks such as Tor allow users to access Internet services privately by using a series of routers to hide the client's IP address from the server. The success of such networks, however, has been limited by users employing this anonymity for abusive purposes such as defacing popular websites. Website administrators routinely rely on IP-address blocking for disabling access to misbehaving users, but blocking IP addresses is not practical if the abuser routes through an anonymizing network. As a result, administrators block \emph{all} known exit nodes of anonymizing networks, denying anonymous access to misbehaving and behaving users alike. To address …

Singularities Of Hinge Structures, Ciprian Borcea, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Motivated by the hinge structure present in protein chains and other molecular conformations, we study the singularities of certain maps associated to body-and-hinge and panel-and-hinge chains. These are sequentially articulated systems where two consecutive rigid pieces are connected by a hinge, that is, a codimension two axis. The singularities, or critical points, correspond to a dimensional drop in the linear span of the axes, regarded as points on a Grassmann variety in its Pl¨ucker embedding. These results are valid in arbitrary dimension. The three dimensional case is also relevant in robotics.

M.Vasiliev_Nanostruct_Engineered_ Materials_Icocn_2008.Ppt, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh, Viacheslav Kotov, Yong-Tak Lee

Mikhail Vasiliev

No abstract provided.

Itase Synthesis Workshop, Paul Mayewski

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This award supports a workshop to bring together scientists involved in the International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE). Since 1999 the US has supported a program of traverses across both East and West Antarctica (US ITASE). US ITASE is part of the ITASE multi-national effort to understand the past 200-1000+ years of climate change over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. ITASE is organized under the auspices of Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR) and now comprises twenty-one countries. The international representatives from ITASE have met several times in the past to discuss national traverse plans; coordinate efforts; synthesize results; and develop …

Electrothermal Imaging In One And Two Dimensions, Michael Janus, David Kibbling

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

Developing methods for the nondestructive testing of materials is an important area of research for industry. Situations often arise in which the integrity of an object is questioned, but testing it is very difficult. For example, a support bar may be embedded in a larger structure so that testing the bar’s integrity directly would require the impractical task of breaking down the larger structure. Instead, the ends of the bar might be accessible without dismantling the enclosing structure. The goal of nondestructive testing is to use methods that require taking measurements at the ends of the bar alone to give …

Corso Di Analisi Delle Serie Storiche A.A 2008/2009- Laboratorio Di Stata: Lezione 2 - Costruzione Di Datasets Temporali, Trasformazioni E Analisi Grafica (Formato Pdf), Carlo Drago

Carlo Drago

No abstract provided.

Determining The Shape Of A Resistor Grid, Esther Chiew, Vincent Selhorst-Jones

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

Impedance imaging has received a lot of attention in the past two decades, as a means for non-destructively imaging the interior of a conductive object. One injects a known electrical current pattern into an object at the exterior boundary, then measures the induced potential (voltage) on some portion of the boundary. The goal is to recover information about the interior conductivity of the object, which (we hope) influences the voltages we measure. Of course one can also use multiple input currents and measured voltages. A variation on this problem is that of "boundary identification," in which some portion of the …

Performance Analysis Of A Light Weight Packet Scanner, Paras Gandhi

Theses and Dissertations

The growth of networks around the world has also given rise to threats like viruses and Trojans. This rise in threats has resulted in counter measures for these threats. These counter measures are in the form of applications called firewalls or IDS. The incorporation of these applications in the network results in some delay in communications. The aim of the experiment in this thesis is to measure the delay introduced by such a firewall in the best case and compare it with the communication done on a network without such an application. These experiments are done using a special miniature …

Energy Efficient Embedded System Design For Medical Care System Using Wireless Sensor Network, Qi Li

Theses and Dissertations

Recent surveys on medical service systems show that the cost of patient monitoring has grown significantly. The widespread use of portable digital medical device makes it possible to provide a more comprehensive tracking of patient conditions. However, the development of a full scale, distributed health monitoring system is much delayed due to the lack of efficient wireless communication in a large distributed network. This becomes a challenging research topic which is to find a way to provide accurate and real time patient information to medical experts in a fast, efficient and cost effective fashion. This paper proposes a novel solution …