Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Weryfikacja Emisji Pyłowej Z Huty Katowice I Zasięgu Jej Oddziaływania, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Agnieszka Łopata

Robert Oleniacz

Preliminary analysis of the results of atmospheric dispersion modeling for dust emission from the Katowice Steelworks (Poland) showed necessity of verification the particulate matter, lead and cadmium emission from the plant. The verification was limited to the substance emission sources influencing air pollution to the largest extent. Both scale of dust emission and its granulometric and chemical composition were re-evaluated. Further calculations of the air propagation for the pollutants were carried out and calculation results were compared with direct measurements. Thus the Katowice Steelworks impact on air quality and the level of total dust, lead and cadmium ground deposition was …

Ocena Składu Gazów Odlotowych Z Procesów Spopielania Odpadów Niebezpiecznych Pod Kątem Trudności Oczyszczania I Toksyczności, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Tightening of the European Union law in the field of the air emission limit values from waste incineration causes necessity for existing and new incineration plants to conform to the standards. It will often involve modernization of the flue gas cleaning system. Proposed in the paper the methodology of evaluation of the combustion gases composition in point of view cleaning difficulty should be useful to this end. Average toxicity factors for hazardous waste incineration flue gases were defined as well. Among other things they can be used in comparative analysis of the air pollutant concentration in the raw gas (before …

Czynniki Wpływające Na Skład Spalin I Wielkość Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Z Procesów Termicznego Przekształcania Odpadów Niebezpiecznych, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The work summarizes factors influencing on air emissions from various full-scale hazardous waste incinerators (rotary kiln, multiple hearth furnace, starved-air incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, liquid injection incinerator). Air pollutant emissions from hazardous waste incineration can be minimized not only by flue-gas cleaning. There are many factors that influence on flue-gas composition and the quantity of air pollutants formed during incineration: the type, the composition and the quantity of waste, the way of waste introducing to the incinerator, excess air ratio, combustion temperature, retention time of exhaust gases etc. Special attention was paid to the loading of waste and incineration conditions …

Odpady Pestycydowe Jako Paliwo Zastępcze W Piecach Obrotowych Do Wypalania Klinkieru Cementowego, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Stanisław Słupek

Robert Oleniacz

The clinker burning plant is ideally suited for processing a wide variety of hazardous waste materials. High temperatures existing in cement kilns (ca. 1350-1450 Centigrades in the burning zone) as well as long gas-residence time (ca. 6-10 s) provide potentially excellent conditions for destruction of toxic organic compounds. Non-volatile compounds are retained in the solid phase and built into the clinker. A lot of other (for example acid gases) can also be absorbed by alkaline solid phase. Old pesticide wastes present a big problem in Poland now. They can be use as waste-derived fuels in cement kilns, especially in the …

Ocena Udziału Huty Katowice W Poziomie Opadu Pyłu, Ołowiu I Kadmu Na Powierzchnię Terenu Wokół Zakładu, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the results of modeling of deposition on the land surface of dust, lead and cadmium emitted from the "Katowice" Steelworks. The calculations were carried out in the vicinity of the location of the dust deposition measuring points existing around the plant. Computational data were compared with the results obtained from direct measurements for the same calendar year. The responsibility of this plant in shaping the level of dust and heavy metal deposition in the region of the protective zone was determined.

English title: Participation of the "Katowice" Steelworks in the level of dust, lead and cadmium deposition …

Prognoza Wpływu Na Stan Zanieczyszczenia Powietrza Procesu Unieszkodliwiania Odpadów Pestycydowych W Piecu Cementowym, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the general conditions associated with running of pesticide waste co-incineration in rotary kilns for cement clinker burning, and describes the behavior of toxic substances entering to this process with waste materials or forming as the result of thermal decomposition. Additional air emissions and their impact on air quality were also assessed.

English title: Prediction of the impact on the state of air pollution for the process of pesticide waste disposal in a cement kiln.

Dobór Systemu Oczyszczania Gazów Odlotowych Ze Spalania Odpadów Niebezpiecznych, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The flue gas cleaning system is usually one of the most costly elements of the installation to the incineration of hazardous waste. Adapting the system to the actual needs could therefore bring obvious economic benefits.

The paper presents the method of the preselection of the configuration of the cleaning system based on knowledge of the level of concentration of selected components of the raw exhaust gas (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, total dust, mercury, cadmium and thallium, and other heavy metals). Twelve examples of flue-gas cleaning systems were proposed and extreme concentration values of the substances in the raw …

Niezorganizowana Emisja Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Z Hal Ciągłego Odlewania Stali, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz, Agnieszka Łopata

Robert Oleniacz

Air pollutant emissions occurring in an uncontrolled way do not be subject to the regular verification just like it takes place in case of the controlled sources, for which the routine measurements are carried out. In the paper a methodology and the results of some research were presented. The research consisted in determination the quantity of dust and gaseous pollutants emitted from the halls in which technological processes connected with the steel continuous casting were being run. Stocktaking of all the uncontrolled emission sources were carried out and the technological operations predominating in the level of the particle matter and …

Wpływ Wprowadzenia Ciągłego Odlewania Stali Na Wielkość Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Z Huty Katowice, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the results of research carried out in 1999 in the Department of Continuous Casting of Steel (CCS) Machines in "Katowice" Steelworks in Dąbrowa Górnicza (Poland), whose main objective was the identification of emission sources of dust and gaseous pollutants, determination of emission factors and assessment of environmental effects associated with the operation of this technology. Particular attention was paid for assessing the impact of the introduction the CCS technology to reduce total emissions from "Katowice" Steelworks.

English title: Impact of the introduction of continuous casting of steel on pollutant emissions from "Katowice" Steelworks.

Struktura Emisji Związków Fluoru Z Hutnictwa Żelaza Na Przykładzie Huty Katowice, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

As recently as a dozen or so years ago ferrous metallurgy was known as one of the biggest source of fluorine compound emissions to the atmosphere. Nevertheless production technology and raw material changes occurring in this industry cause continuous decreasing of their participation in the total fluorine emission. On the ground of investigations that have been carried out in the Katowice Steelworks (Poland) in the last few years, participation of particular technological processing in the water-soluble fluorine compound emissions (which are regarded as toxic) were presented in the paper, as well as a position of fuel combustion process (that take …

Technologia Ciągłego Odlewania Stali I Jej Wpływ Na Ograniczenie Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Z Procesów Hutniczych, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz, Agnieszka Łopata, Anita Niedojadło

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of continuous casting of steel technology on air pollutant emissions in one of the Polish steelworks - Huta Katowice S.A. in Dąbrowa Górnicza. Emission sources occurring in the production process and the levels of pollutant emissions into the air were described. Implementation of continuous casting of steel brought significant changes in the production cycle in steelworks and caused an increase in the efficiency of manufacture of products. Calculated environmental effects showed a significant reduction of all pollutant emissions in the whole plant.

English title: Technology of continuous casting of steel and …

Spopielanie Odpadów Medycznych W Systemie Purotherm-Pyrolise – Zmienność Składu Spalin I Emisji Zanieczyszczeń W Cyklu Załadowczym, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents selected effects of the cyclical nature of the two-stage process of medical waste incineration on the variation of concentrations of basic constituents and selected gaseous pollutants (NOx, CO, SO2, H2S and HCl) in flue gas discharged from the process. The study included the installation working in the Purotherm-Pyrolise system (waste gasification and gas afterburning) with actual yields of 100-150 kg/h. The phases of the process varied in dynamic and direction changes of the flue-gas composition and the levels of air pollutant emissions were separated and described for these phases. They can be very important for the organization …

Pirolityczne Metody Utylizacji Odpadów Niebezpiecznych - Przykładowe Rozwiązania I Emisja Zanieczyszczeń, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the pyrolysis and gasification processes of organic matter and the main directions of their use for the thermal disposal of hazardous waste. Used for this purpose the basic technical solutions are discussed with regard to existing and new technologies. Given the fact that the pyrolytic methods in Poland were primarily used for the incineration of medical waste, most attention was paid to a facility designated for such waste disposal. The problem of air pollutant emissions from this type of installation and some operating guidelines was also presented on the basis of the literature analyses and own research. …

Emisja Związków Fluoru Z Hutnictwa Żelaza, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The article presents the results of the last few years of comprehensive researches related to the emission of fluorine compounds from iron metallurgy in Poland. Determined of the levels of flue-gas concentrations and air emissions for fluorine in the form of gaseous and solid compounds, including water-soluble compounds (considered to be toxic). The study also made it possible to analyze of raw materials used in these processes taking into account fluorine content and its impact on the amount of fluorine compounds emitted to the air.

English title: Emissions of fluorine compounds with iron metallurgy.

Związki Siarki Emitowane Z Procesu Wielkopiecowego, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The article describes the problem of the presence of sulfur in the blast furnace process and identifies emission sources of sulfur compounds in this process. On the basis of the measurements and calculations, the types and quantities of these compounds emitted to the air were determined. It was found that pig iron smelting in a blast furnace causes emissions of COS, SO2 and H2S. These emissions occur by losses of blast furnace gas (COS and SO2), transport of blast furnace slag inside the furnace hall (SO2) and treatment of the slag by granulation (H2S). However, the most important are only …

Spalanie Odpadów W Procesie Skojarzonym Z Produkcją Klinkieru Cementowego - Problem Emisji Zanieczyszczeń, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a review of emissions of main gaseous pollutants (including acidic constituents), some organic compounds (including dioxins and furans), particulates and heavy metals from cement kilns burning waste fuels.

A widely employed method to reduce the cost of cement production is the substitution of traditional fuels used in cement kilns with alternative and waste-derived fuels. Cement industry offers the most acceptable method of waste (especially hazardous waste) thermal treatment and disposal at much lower cost than commercial incinerators. Characteristic for cement kilns high temperatures and long residence time of exhaust gas ensure almost complete destruction of organic compounds …

Spalanie Odpadów Niebezpiecznych W Piecach Cementowych. Część 2. Destrukcja Paliwa I Emisja Zanieczyszczeń, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Conditions occurring in cement rotary kilns assure high destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of the most stable substances, efficacious dry sorption of acid gases in the alkaline raw meal and heavy metals bounding in the clinker. Adequate operation of hazardous waste incineration in the process connected with cement clinker production does not cause increasing air pollutant emissions. Magnitude of the emissions often does not depend of this if there are using wastes in the cement kiln at all. The work presents a review of DRE levels and stack emissions for selected flue-gas constituents during hazardous waste co-combustion in cement kilns …

Emisja Związków Fluoru Z Procesów Hutnictwa Żelaza, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of issues related to emissions of fluorine compounds from ferrous metallurgy processes carried out over the last few years. As part of this study raw materials used in these processes were analyzed in terms of fluorine content and its impact on the amount of air emissions of fluorine compounds. Also determined by measuring the concentration levels and emissions of fluorine in the gaseous and solid phase, including water-soluble compounds (considered to be toxic).

English title: Emissions of fluorine compounds from the processes of ferrous metallurgy.

Piece Cementowe - Konkurencja Dla Spalarni Odpadów, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the advantages of cement kilns and the possibility of their use for thermal waste utilization. The most common types of waste incinerated in these kilns and the possible degree of replacing traditional fuels with waste fuels have also been characterized. The work also discusses the problem of air pollutant emissions from the process of waste co-incineration in cement kilns. Attention has been paid to the possible increase in the use of Polish cement industry in the waste management, system, especially in the field of energy recovery from solid municipal waste, waste tires and waste from the refinery …

Emisja Zanieczyszczeń Ze Spalania Odpadów Niebezpiecznych W Piecu Obrotowym, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The article presents measurement results of air pollutant emissions from incineration of selected hazardous wastes in a full-scale rotary kiln equipped with afterburner and a wet installation for flue gas cleaning. This type of kiln is suitable for thermal disposal of many sorts of wastes, both solid and liquid. Four groups of waste were being incinerated during the tests: coke tars, medical (hospital) and pharmaceutical wastes added to greased cleaning materials, a sawdust and used gloves, varnish and lubrication wastes, as well as waste rubber and resins. The study was performed in order to answer the question: is the process …

Emisja Metali Ciężkich Ze Spalania Odpadów Niebezpiecznych, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the results of measurements of air emissions of heavy metals from hazardous waste incineration in a multiple hearth furnace and a rotary kiln incinerator equipped with a single wet flue gas cleaning systems. In the multiple hearth furnace an industrial sewage sludge (from coke industry) was being incinerated. In the rotary kiln such wastes were being incinerated as: waste paints, varnish and lubricant, coal tars waste, contaminated cleaning rags, sawdust and used gloves, waste resins and plastics, rubber waste, outdated pharmaceuticals and medicines, and hospital waste. The research allowed us to determine the levels of pollutant concentrations …

Zastosowanie Modelu "Skrzynki" Do Oceny Poziomu Stężeń Zanieczyszczeń Komunikacyjnych W Przyziemnej Warstwie Atmosfery, Marek Bogacki, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Road transport is an essential source of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and reactive hydrocarbons (RHC) emissions to atmosphere. Quantity and chemical constitution of emitted substances and meteorological conditions determine the level of ozon (O3) concentration forming as a result of photochemical reactions. The method presented in the paper consists in designation of quantity and chemical constitution of substances emitted from mo-bile sources and special mathematical modeling of physical and chemical transformations that take place in the lowest atmospheric layer.

English title: The use of box model to estimate the size of traffic pollutant concentrations in the lowest atmospheric …

Emisja Zanieczyszczeń Podczas Składowania I Termicznej Utylizacji Osadów Ściekowych Z Przemysłu Koksochemicznego / Emissions During Storage And Thermal Utilization Of Sewage Sludge From Coke-Chemical Industry, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

Both storage and thermal disposal of sewage sludge from industrial wastewater treatment plants are a significant source of air pollutant emissions. The study included the sludge generated in the coke-chemical industry. The paper presents the results of measurements of emissions of selected substances during storage of the waste in a closed storage hall with natural ventilation and during incineration of the mechanically dewatered sludge in a multiple hearth furnace.

Spalanie Odpadów Poszpitalnych I Farmaceutycznych W Piecu Obrotowym / Incineration Of Hospital And Pharmaceutical Wastes In A Rotary Kiln Incinerator, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents selected results of research on hospital and pharmaceutical waste incineration in a full-scale rotary kiln with variable loads of the kiln. As part of these studies measurements of air pollutant concentrations in flue gases and leaching tests of solid combustion products were carried out. Based on these studies, the maximum dose of hospital and pharmaceutical waste was proposed in the mixture with industrial wastes, which does not cause excessive air emissions. The average emission factors for the waste mixture loading were also determined.

Koncepcja Monitoringu Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Wokół Elektrowni “Jaworzno Iii” Mobilną Stacją Pomiarową, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Ryszard Kozakiewicz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the concept of air pollution monitoring around the Power Plant "Jaworzno III" (Poland) with the use of the mobile station. Aim of the new monitoring system is to provide information about the current state of air pollution and to enable an assessment of the environmental implications of the use of low-emission burners, run the installation of flue gas desulphurisation and changes in the way of releasing flue gases into the atmosphere. Due to economic, technical and practical the monitoring system was based on a single mobile station. Measurements will be carried out in a random scheme at …

Spalarnia Odpadów Lobbe W Dąbrowie Górniczej, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Ryszard Januszek

Robert Oleniacz

This paper is a general characteristic of the industrial and hazardous waste incineration plant which was operated in Dąbrowa Górnicza (Poland) in the 90. The waste incineration plant is based on two incinerators - a rotary kiln and a multiple hearth furnace. Levels of selected air pollutant emissions presented in the work allow to assess the potential impact of this facility on air quality.

English title: The LOBBE incineration plant in Dąbrowa Górnicza.

Emisja Zanieczyszczeń Ze Spalania Odpadów Ściekowych W Piecu Półkowym, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The article presents incineration tests of silty-tar sludge produced in the wastewater treatment plant for coke industry. Sewage sludges were incinerated in a full-scale multiple hearth incinerator equipped with a wet flue-gas cleaning system (alkaline scrubber). Measurements of air pollutant emissions were carried out both before and after the cleaning system. The obtained results allow to conclude that the thermal utilization of sewage sludge in this type of installation might be just a little cumbersome for the environment, using the appropriate equipment for the purification of exhaust gases. The paper also specifies minimum exhaust gas cleaning performance that guarantees compliance …

Wdrażanie Monitoringu Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Atmosferycznego W Kielcach, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

Assumptions for regional environmental monitoring in the province of Kielce were developed as early as 1992. Since the beginning of particular attention were monitoring the air. The article presents the next step in the implementation of this monitoring, associated with verification of the location and the measuring range of points to measure the concentrations of air pollutants in Kielce. As a result of analysis and calculations, it was found that the original location is not always correct and does not reflect the spatial differentiation of pollutant concentrations. The proposed changes in the position of monitoring points or measurement methods were …

Zastosowanie Metody Obliczeniowo-Pomiarowej Do Oceny Stanu Zanieczyszczenia Powietrza W Nowym Sączu, Marian Mazur, Marek Bogacki, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Assessment of the state of air pollution in the urban area is a difficult and complex task. Depending on the method of assessment the procedure requires a comprehensive research and calculations of air emissions from all sources occurring in the area and the use of atmospheric dispersion models or large-scale implementation of direct measurements of air pollutant concentrations. Both of these methods may also be applied simultaneously to their mutual verification.

The article presents the results of such a comprehensive assessment of air pollution on the example of the city of Nowy Sacz (Poland). This involved determining the emissions of …

Obliczanie Emisji Par Węglowodorów Z Przemysłu Rafineryjnego, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The negative effects of the refining industry for ambient air quality is mainly related to emissions of hydrocarbon vapors. Calculation methodology and estimates, the level of emissions from several years has been the research subject of many institutions and environmental agencies, including The Oil Companies’ European association for health, safety and environment in refining and distribution (CONCAWE) and American Petroleum Institute (API).

The article describes the main sources of emissions of hydrocarbons occurring in a typical refinery. In summary form also shows how to calculate the volume of a mixture of hydrocarbons emissions from these sources based on empirically validated …