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Articles 61 - 66 of 66
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Calclium-Calmodulin Regulation Of Trpm2 Currents, Brian M. W. Lockhart
Calclium-Calmodulin Regulation Of Trpm2 Currents, Brian M. W. Lockhart
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
TRPM2 (1507 amino acids), a non-selective cation channel with substantial permeability for Ca2+, is responsive to oxidative stress, and is a mediator of cell death in several cell types. Ca2+-calmodulin has been shown to promote channel activation and inactivation, however the mechanisms are not fully understood. Identifying candidate CaM binding sites using in silico screening, I hypothesized that Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of TRPM2 is mediated by an intracellular CaM binding domain unique from that of activation (406-415AA). I systematically determined the minimum binding domains for three CaM candidate sites on TRPM2’s intracellular domains using …
The Role Of Amino-Terminal In Determining Transjunctional Voltage-Dependent Gating And Unitary Conductance Of Cx36 And Cx50 Gap Junction Channels, Li Xin
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Gap junction (GJ) channels directly connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells, and allow for the transfer of ions and small molecules between two cells. GJ channels are known to be gated by the transjunctional voltage (Vj, the voltage difference between the interiors of adjoining cells), which is referred to as Vj-dependent gating. GJ channels show varying degrees of sensitivity to Vj, depending on the type of connexin(s) comprising the GJ channel. GJ channels formed by different connexins also show unique unitary conductance ranging from ~ 10 pS to ~300 pS. However, the molecular structures …
Dna Damage And Oxidative Stress Induced-P53 Activity In Astrocytes Causes Growth Arrest, Sarah A. Humphrey
Dna Damage And Oxidative Stress Induced-P53 Activity In Astrocytes Causes Growth Arrest, Sarah A. Humphrey
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
An increasing body of evidence suggests that astrocytes play a key role in modulating neuronal fate during acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions. Following CNS injury, an upregulation of p53 has been noted in both neurons and reactive astrocytes. p53 is an extremely important protein in determining cell fate decisions and its activation can result in the transcriptional induction of target genes that regulate apoptosis, autophagy, senescence and cell-cycle arrest. We found that p53 is upregulated in primary cortical astrocytes following oxidative stress and DNA damage and that this upregulation results in the p53-dependent transcriptional induction of several target genes involved …
Effects Of Methamphetamine On Sexual Behavior, Karla S. Frohmader
Effects Of Methamphetamine On Sexual Behavior, Karla S. Frohmader
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Methamphetamine (Meth) is a highly addictive psychostimulant associated with enhanced sexual desire, arousal, and sexual pleasure. Moreover, Meth abuse is frequently linked with the practice of sexual risk behavior and increased prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Currently, the neurobiological basis for this drug-sex nexus is unknown. Moreover, there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of Meth on sexual behavior and more importantly, compulsive sex-seeking behavior, under controlled experimental settings in animal models. First, using immuhistochemistry for mating- and Meth-induced neural activation it was demonstrated that Meth administration in male rats activates neurons in brain regions of the …
Decoding Motor Intentions From Human Brain Activity, Jason P. Gallivan
Decoding Motor Intentions From Human Brain Activity, Jason P. Gallivan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
“You read my mind.” Although this simple everyday expression implies ‘knowledge or understanding’ of another’s thinking, true ‘mind-reading’ capabilities implicitly seem constrained to the domains of Hollywood and science-fiction. In the field of sensorimotor neuroscience, however, significant progress in this area has come from mapping characteristic changes in brain activity that occur prior to an action being initiated. For instance, invasive neural recordings in non-human primates have significantly increased our understanding of how highly cognitive and abstract processes like intentions and decisions are represented in the brain by showing that it is possible to decode or ‘predict’ upcoming sensorimotor …
Fluid Percussion Injury In The Rat As An Animal Model Of Concussion: Cumulative Effects Of Repeated Concussion And Its Treatment By Anti-Cd11d Antibody, Sandy Rc Shultz
Fluid Percussion Injury In The Rat As An Animal Model Of Concussion: Cumulative Effects Of Repeated Concussion And Its Treatment By Anti-Cd11d Antibody, Sandy Rc Shultz
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Traumatic brain injury is a global health concern with limited treatment options currently available. Concussion is the most common form of traumatic brain injury, and although a single concussion rarely results in long-term neurological dysfunction, repeated concussion can result in cumulative damage and chronic neurodegenerative disease. However, little is known about the factors and mechanisms of concussion involved in these detrimental effects. Animal models provide a means to examine the factors and mechanisms involved in traumatic brain injury, as well as potential treatments, in experiments that cannot be conducted using human participants. In the present thesis a fluid percussion model …