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Articles 31 - 60 of 1223
Full-Text Articles in Molecular Biology
Characterization Of Select Lysine Mutations Of The Cystine/Glutamate Transporter, System XC-, Anna Koppin, Claire Buck, Amanda Gibson
Characterization Of Select Lysine Mutations Of The Cystine/Glutamate Transporter, System XC-, Anna Koppin, Claire Buck, Amanda Gibson
22nd Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2023)
System xc- is a membrane transport system that plays a critical role in mitigating oxidative stress. As such, its regulation is critical for proper brain functioning. Recent work in our lab has shown that System xc- activity increases immediately during an oxidative insult by undergoing a change in localization to the plasma membrane, but we have yet to identify the specific mechanism for the redistribution of the transporter. Previous studies have demonstrated that post-translational modifications of proteins can lead to differential protein distribution within cells. Therefore, in this study, we sought to determine if post-translational modification (PTM) of the transporter …
Does Phosphorylation On Serine 26 Of System Xc- Lead To Changes In Cell Surface Expression?, Katherine Lane
Does Phosphorylation On Serine 26 Of System Xc- Lead To Changes In Cell Surface Expression?, Katherine Lane
22nd Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2023)
System xc- is involved in transporting cystine into cells and glutamate out of cells, and ultimately in production of the antioxidant glutathione. Antioxidants are important in protecting cells from oxidative stress which can occur when waste products like H2O2 build up in the cell. Previous studies have shown that a critical regulator mTORC regulates system xc- by phosphorylating serine 26 (S26) on the N-terminus of the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT, leading to a reduction in transport activity. The specific objective of this study is to determine the mechanism by which phosphorylation of S26 affects activity. To …
Creation Of An N-Terminal Xct Mutant Lacking Lysines For Use In Protein Turnover Studies, Alexandria Switzer
Creation Of An N-Terminal Xct Mutant Lacking Lysines For Use In Protein Turnover Studies, Alexandria Switzer
22nd Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2023)
xCT plays a role in protecting cells from oxidative stress as well as intracellular glutathione synthesis. If this process is impeded, reactive oxygen species accumulate in the cell, leading to cellular damage, and if left unchecked, it can lead to neuronal loss. Ubiquitin is a small protein that some evidence suggests can negatively affect the stress response pathway modulated by xCT, as well as induce cell death. It is hypothesized that ubiquitin binds to xCT on the N-terminal lysine residues, and there are six conserved lysines in the N-terminal domain at positions K4R, K12R, K30R, K37R, K41R, and K43R. Previous …
Analysis Of Ssa4 Reporter Expression By Q-Pcr, Susveen Sharanshi, Rebecca Adams
Analysis Of Ssa4 Reporter Expression By Q-Pcr, Susveen Sharanshi, Rebecca Adams
Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)
The synthesis of genome-encoded proteins via mRNA translation is integral to cell survival. In eukaryotes, such as S. cerevisiae, the mRNA that is produced in the nucleus must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation to occur, and this process is highly regulated. Specifically, the export of mRNA occurs via travel through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are selective doorways embedded in the nuclear envelope. During cellular stress, such as heat shock, the cell needs to regulate gene expression to permit survival, and mRNA export is one step at which this occurs. At these high temperatures, a cell’s proteins …
In Vitro Characterization Of Fluorogenic Chemical Tools To Study Human Carboxylesterases (Cess), Taylor Parish Spidle
In Vitro Characterization Of Fluorogenic Chemical Tools To Study Human Carboxylesterases (Cess), Taylor Parish Spidle
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Human carboxylesterases (CESs) are enzymes that are responsible for the metabolism of many important pharmaceuticals. Although CESs are key players in the hydrolysis of many ester-containing drugs, they remain understudied. Our group hypothesizes that this is primarily because there are few methods capable of reporting activity in live cells. Here, I report a new series of fluorogenic chemical tools to study the CES activity of one of the two major CESs in humans, CES1, in live cells. MCP-Me, MCP-Et, and MCP-iPr utilize the same carbonate group of a previously developed chemical tool in our group, FCP-1, and work to mimic …
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism., Archana Kumari, Charlotte M. Mistretta
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism., Archana Kumari, Charlotte M. Mistretta
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship
Sensory receptors across the entire tongue are engaged during eating. However, the tongue has distinctive regions with taste (fungiform and circumvallate) and non-taste (filiform) organs that are composed of specialized epithelia, connective tissues, and innervation. The tissue regions and papillae are adapted in form and function for taste and somatosensation associated with eating. It follows that homeostasis and regeneration of distinctive papillae and taste buds with particular functional roles require tailored molecular pathways. Nonetheless, in the chemosensory field, generalizations are often made between mechanisms that regulate anterior tongue fungiform and posterior circumvallate taste papillae, without a clear distinction that highlights …
Dpc29 Promotes Post-Initiation Mitochondrial Translation In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kyle A. Hubble, Michael F. Henry
Dpc29 Promotes Post-Initiation Mitochondrial Translation In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kyle A. Hubble, Michael F. Henry
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship
Mitochondrial ribosomes synthesize essential components of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system in a tightly regulated process. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mitochondrial mRNAs require specific translational activators, which orchestrate protein synthesis by recognition of their target gene's 5'-untranslated region (UTR). Most of these yeast genes lack orthologues in mammals, and only one such gene-specific translational activator has been proposed in humans-TACO1. The mechanism by which TACO1 acts is unclear because mammalian mitochondrial mRNAs do not have significant 5'-UTRs, and therefore must promote translation by alternative mechanisms. In this study, we examined the role of the TACO1 orthologue in yeast. We …
Change And Stasis Of Distinct Sediment Microbiomes Across Port Everglades Inlet (Pei) And The Adjacent Coral Reefs, Lauren E. Krausfeldt, Jose V. Lopez, Catherine Bilodeau, Hyo Won Lee, Shelby L. Casali
Change And Stasis Of Distinct Sediment Microbiomes Across Port Everglades Inlet (Pei) And The Adjacent Coral Reefs, Lauren E. Krausfeldt, Jose V. Lopez, Catherine Bilodeau, Hyo Won Lee, Shelby L. Casali
Biology Faculty Articles
Deep water ports are human built coastal structures that by definition welcome ship traffic and disturbance. Evidence is accumulating that enhanced port activities such as dredging or deepening have negatively affected nearby natural habitats. Port Everglades Inlet (PEI) is a large active South Florida cargo port for over two million people and lies adjacent to coral reefs, dwindling mangroves, and recreational beaches. In this study, the microbial communities of PEI and adjacent reef sediments were characterized to serve as indicators for change due to dredging and assess anthropogenic influence on these sensitive ecosystems by sequencing the V4 region of 16S …
Establishing A Biochemical System For The Purification And Atpase Activity Of Gst-Dbp5, Sarah Utley, Rachel E. Rigsby Phd, Rebecca L. Adams Phd
Establishing A Biochemical System For The Purification And Atpase Activity Of Gst-Dbp5, Sarah Utley, Rachel E. Rigsby Phd, Rebecca L. Adams Phd
Science University Research Symposium (SURS)
The export of mRNA out of the nucleus is a crucial step for eukaryotic gene expression. The export of mRNA transcripts is aided by Mex67, which allows export through the nuclear pore complex doorways in the nuclear envelope. Once out of the nucleus, a protein known as Dbp5, bound to ATP, Gle1, and Nup42 aids in the directionality of mRNA export by helping remove Mex67 from the mRNA strand. Following interaction with RNA, Dbp5 then hydrolyzes ATP so that it unbinds the mRNA, allowing for enzyme recycling. The goal of this study is to explore the ATPase activity of Saccharomyces …
Dcaf14 Regulates Cdt2 To Promote Set8-Dependent Replication Fork Protection, Neysha Tirado-Class, Caitlin Hathaway, Anthony Nelligan, Huzefa Dungrawala
Dcaf14 Regulates Cdt2 To Promote Set8-Dependent Replication Fork Protection, Neysha Tirado-Class, Caitlin Hathaway, Anthony Nelligan, Huzefa Dungrawala
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
DDB1- and CUL4-associated factors (DCAFs) CDT2 and DCAF14 are substrate receptors for Cullin4–RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4) complexes. CDT2 is responsible for PCNA-coupled proteolysis of substrates CDT1, p21, and SET8 during S-phase of cell cycle. DCAF14 functions at stalled replication forks to promote genome stability, but the mechanism is unknown. We find that DCAF14 mediates replication fork protection by regulating CRL4CDT2 activity. Absence of DCAF14 causes increased proteasomal degradation of CDT2 substrates. When forks are challenged with replication stress, increased CDT2 function causes stalled fork collapse and impairs fork recovery in DCAF14-deficient conditions. We further show that stalled fork protection …
Approaches To Avoid Proteolysis During Protein Expression And Purification, Gary T. Henehan, Barry J. Ryan, Gemma K. Kinsella
Approaches To Avoid Proteolysis During Protein Expression And Purification, Gary T. Henehan, Barry J. Ryan, Gemma K. Kinsella
Books/Book Chapters/ Proceedings
All cells contain proteases, which hydrolyze the peptide bonds between amino acids of a protein backbone. Typically, proteases are prevented from nonspecific proteolysis by regulation and by their physical separation into different subcellular compartments; however, this segregation is not retained during cell lysis, which is the initial step in any protein isolation procedure. Prevention of proteolysis during protein purification often takes the form of a two-pronged approach: first, inhibition of proteolysis in situ, followed by the early separation of the protease from the protein of interest via chromatographic purification. Protease inhibitors are routinely used to limit the effect of the …
Testing Ssa4:Ade3 Reporters For Mcs Screening, Karah Edmonds, Rebecca Adams
Testing Ssa4:Ade3 Reporters For Mcs Screening, Karah Edmonds, Rebecca Adams
Science University Research Symposium (SURS)
In eukaryotic cells, after transcription, mRNA is escorted from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to be translated. This process, called mRNA export, is essential for gene expression. However, when the cell exists in stressful conditions, mRNA export becomes regulated, and only select transcripts, including the stress-responsive SSA4 mRNA, can be exported. This project aims to uncover the mechanism of selective SSA4 mRNA export by generating a reporter that enables phenotypically visible expression under stressful conditions. Specifically, the ADE3 ORF was placed under the regulatory sequence of SSA4, which was anticipated to induce a red color for colonies only following stress. …
Detecting Linc Complex Mps3 And Nuclear Pore Complex Ndj1 Protein Interactions On Yeast Nuclear Membrane S Through Fluorescence Microscopy, Dean Boecher, Rebecca Adams
Detecting Linc Complex Mps3 And Nuclear Pore Complex Ndj1 Protein Interactions On Yeast Nuclear Membrane S Through Fluorescence Microscopy, Dean Boecher, Rebecca Adams
Science University Research Symposium (SURS)
Though cancer cells have been shown to have abnormal nuclear morphologies and responses to mechanical forces, the mechanisms of how mechanical stress is translated into cellular action and structural reorganization within the nuclear envelope are largely unexplored. The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a transmembrane protein complex that connects the actin cytoskeleton to the lamin nucleoskeleton, enabling mechanical forces to be translated between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. In cells exposed to physical stress, nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) –which control the exchange of biochemical signals and macromolecules in and out of the nucleus through mRNA export –have …
Analyzing Mex67 Interaction With The Ssa4 Transcript For Selective Export, Gretchen E. Stalnaker, Rebecca Adams
Analyzing Mex67 Interaction With The Ssa4 Transcript For Selective Export, Gretchen E. Stalnaker, Rebecca Adams
Science University Research Symposium (SURS)
In eukaryotic cells, such as the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mRNA export is the essential process in which mature mRNA is transported from its site of production, the nucleus, through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) to the cytoplasm, where it can then be translated into protein. This is accomplished when a transcript interacts with the mRNA export protein Mex67, which shuttles the message across the NPC. When the cell is under conditions of stress, such as heat shock, most mRNA export is prohibited, allowing for selective gene expression that prioritizes cell recovery. Specifically, SSA4, which encodes a protein that …
Otud5 Limits Replication Fork Instability By Organizing Chromatin Remodelers, Angelo De Vivo, Hongseon Song, Yujin Lee, Neysha Tirado-Class, Anthony Sanchez, Sandy D. Westerheide, Huzefa Dungrawala, Younghoon Kee
Otud5 Limits Replication Fork Instability By Organizing Chromatin Remodelers, Angelo De Vivo, Hongseon Song, Yujin Lee, Neysha Tirado-Class, Anthony Sanchez, Sandy D. Westerheide, Huzefa Dungrawala, Younghoon Kee
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
Proper regulation of replication fork progression is important for genomic maintenance. Subverting the transcription-induced conflicts is crucial in preserving the integrity of replication forks. Various chromatin remodelers, such as histone chaperone and histone deacetylases are known to modulate replication stress, but how these factors are organized or collaborate are not well understood. Here we found a new role of the OTUD5 deubiquitinase in limiting replication stress. We found that OTUD5 is recruited to replication forks, and its depletion causes replication fork stress. Through its C-terminal disordered tail, OTUD5 assembles a complex containing FACT, HDAC1 and HDAC2 at replication forks. A …
The Identification Of Two M20b Family Peptidases Required For Full Virulence In Staphylococcus Aureus, Nathanial James Torres, Devon Rizzo, Maria A. Reinberg, Mary-Elizabeth Jobson, Brendan C. Totzke, Jessica K. Jackson, Wenqi Yu, Lindsey Neil Shaw
The Identification Of Two M20b Family Peptidases Required For Full Virulence In Staphylococcus Aureus, Nathanial James Torres, Devon Rizzo, Maria A. Reinberg, Mary-Elizabeth Jobson, Brendan C. Totzke, Jessica K. Jackson, Wenqi Yu, Lindsey Neil Shaw
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
We have previously demonstrated that deletion of an intracellular leucine aminopeptidase results in attenuated virulence of S. aureus. Herein we explore the role of 10 other aminopeptidases in S. aureus pathogenesis. Using a human blood survival assay we identified mutations in two enzymes from the M20B family (PepT1 and PepT2) as having markedly decreased survival compared to the parent. We further reveal that pepT1, pepT2 and pepT1/2 mutant strains are impaired in their ability to resist phagocytosis by, and engender survival within, human macrophages. Using a co-infection model of murine sepsis, we demonstrate impairment of dissemination and survival …
Functional Analysis Of Legionella Pneumophila Effector Protein, Shreya Neupane
Functional Analysis Of Legionella Pneumophila Effector Protein, Shreya Neupane
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Legionella pneumophila is a gram-negative bacterium that causes Legionnaire’s disease (a severe form of pneumonia) in humans. L. pneumophila can cause infection by utilizing its Type IV secretion system, a protein secretion system that transports proteins from the bacterial cytosol into the infected macrophage. Effectors released from the Type Iv secretion system allow L. pneumophila to create a safe environment to survive, replicate and cause infection. One such effector, RavQ, inhibits cell proliferation of mammalian HEK 293T cells and localizes to the cell’s nucleus, leading us to hypothesize that RavQ interferes with cellular activity in the nucleus. To detect its …
The Childhood Acute Illness And Nutrition (Chain) Network Nested Case-Cohort Study Protocol: A Multi-Omics Approach To Understanding Mortality Among Children In Sub-Saharan Africa And South Asia, James M. Njunge, Kirkby Tickell, Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahi, Md Amran Gazi, Ali Faisal Saleem, Zaubina Kazi, Syed Ali, Caroline Tigoi, Ezekiel Mupere
The Childhood Acute Illness And Nutrition (Chain) Network Nested Case-Cohort Study Protocol: A Multi-Omics Approach To Understanding Mortality Among Children In Sub-Saharan Africa And South Asia, James M. Njunge, Kirkby Tickell, Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahi, Md Amran Gazi, Ali Faisal Saleem, Zaubina Kazi, Syed Ali, Caroline Tigoi, Ezekiel Mupere
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Introduction: Many acutely ill children in low- and middle-income settings have a high risk of mortality both during and after hospitalisation despite guideline-based care. Understanding the biological mechanisms underpinning mortality may suggest optimal pathways to target for interventions to further reduce mortality. The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network ( www.chainnnetwork.org) Nested Case-Cohort Study (CNCC) aims to investigate biological mechanisms leading to inpatient and post-discharge mortality through an integrated multi-omic approach.
Methods and analysis; The CNCC comprises a subset of participants from the CHAIN cohort (1278/3101 hospitalised participants, including 350 children who died and 658 survivors, and …
Occurrence Of Kanamycin-Resistant Bacteria Relative To Anthropogenic Pollution Along Richland Creek In Nashville, Tn, Jolene Ho Mach, Annie Le, Brandon Torres Ramirez
Occurrence Of Kanamycin-Resistant Bacteria Relative To Anthropogenic Pollution Along Richland Creek In Nashville, Tn, Jolene Ho Mach, Annie Le, Brandon Torres Ramirez
Science University Research Symposium (SURS)
The overuse of antibiotics has caused an increase in antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria, which is a serious public health concern. Previous studies showed a significant correlation between anthropogenic pollution and AR bacteria. This project aims to identify AR bacteria in Richland Creek relative to local anthropogenic pollution. Water samples were collected at four locations along Richland Creek in Nashville, Tennessee. Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin were isolated from the water samples, identified to genera using DNA barcoding, and compared among the sites. We expect to see a greater abundance and diversity of kanamycin-resistant bacteria closer to the end than near …
Isolation Of Rat Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Differentiation Into Insulin-Producing Cells, Dina H. Kassem, Sarah A. Habib, Omar I. Badr, Mohamed M. Kamal
Isolation Of Rat Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Differentiation Into Insulin-Producing Cells, Dina H. Kassem, Sarah A. Habib, Omar I. Badr, Mohamed M. Kamal
Pharmacy
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-especially those isolated from adipose tissue (Ad-MSCs)-have gained special attention as a renewable, abundant source of stem cells that does not pose any ethical concerns. However, current methods to isolate Ad-MSCs are not standardized and employ complicated protocols that require special equipment. We isolated Ad-MSCs from the epididymal fat of Sprague-Dawley rats using a simple, reproducible method. The isolated Ad-MSCs usually appear within 3 days post isolation, as adherent cells display fibroblastic morphology. Those cells reach 80% confluency within 1 week of isolation. Afterward, at passage 3-5 (P3-5), a full characterization was carried out for the isolated …
Leafing Through Literature: Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins Coming Of Age – Achievements And Perspectives, Itzell E. Hernandez-Sanchez, Israel Maruri Lopez, Coral Martinez-Martinez, Brett Janis, Juan Francisco Jimenez Bremont, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Michael A. Menze, Steffen P. Graether, Anja Thalhammer
Leafing Through Literature: Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins Coming Of Age – Achievements And Perspectives, Itzell E. Hernandez-Sanchez, Israel Maruri Lopez, Coral Martinez-Martinez, Brett Janis, Juan Francisco Jimenez Bremont, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Michael A. Menze, Steffen P. Graether, Anja Thalhammer
Faculty Scholarship
To deal with increasingly severe periods of dehydration related to global climate change, it becomes increasingly important to understand the complex strategies many organisms have developed to cope with dehydration and desiccation. While it is undisputed that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a key role in the tolerance of plants and many anhydrobiotic organisms to water limitation, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this review we recap the current knowledge of the physiological roles of LEA proteins and discuss their potential molecular functions. As these are ultimately linked to conformational changes in the presence of binding partners, …
A Conserved Mechanism For Hormesis In Molecular Systems, Sharon N. Greenwood, Regina G. Belz, Brian P. Weiser
A Conserved Mechanism For Hormesis In Molecular Systems, Sharon N. Greenwood, Regina G. Belz, Brian P. Weiser
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship
Hormesis refers to dose-response phenomena where low dose treatments elicit a response that is opposite the response observed at higher doses. Hormetic dose-response relationships have been observed throughout all of biology, but the underlying determinants of many reported hormetic dose-responses have not been identified. In this report, we describe a conserved mechanism for hormesis on the molecular level where low dose treatments enhance a response that becomes reduced at higher doses. The hormetic mechanism relies on the ability of protein homo-multimers to simultaneously interact with a substrate and a competitor on different subunits at low doses of competitor. In this …
Increasing The Resilience Of Plant Immunity To A Warming Climate, Jong Hum Kim, Christian Castroverde, Shuai Huang, Chao Li, Richard Hilleary, Adam Seroka, Reza Sohrabi, Diana Medina-Yerena, Bethany Huot, Jie Wang, Sharon Marr, Mary Wildermuth, Tao Chen, John Macmicking, Sheng Yang He
Increasing The Resilience Of Plant Immunity To A Warming Climate, Jong Hum Kim, Christian Castroverde, Shuai Huang, Chao Li, Richard Hilleary, Adam Seroka, Reza Sohrabi, Diana Medina-Yerena, Bethany Huot, Jie Wang, Sharon Marr, Mary Wildermuth, Tao Chen, John Macmicking, Sheng Yang He
Biology Faculty Publications
Extreme weather conditions associated with climate change affect many aspects of plant and animal life, including the response to infectious diseases. Production of salicylic acid (SA), a central plant defence hormone, is particularly vulnerable to suppression by short periods of hot weather above the normal plant growth temperature range via an unknown mechanism. Here we show that suppression of SA production in Arabidopsis thaliana at 28 °C is independent of PHYTOCHROME B (phyB) and EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), which regulate thermo-responsive plant growth and development. Instead, we found that formation of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (GBPL3) defence-activated biomolecular condensates (GDACs) …
The Role Of Conformational Changes In Viral And Bacterial Protein Functions, Md Lokman Hossen
The Role Of Conformational Changes In Viral And Bacterial Protein Functions, Md Lokman Hossen
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Proteins do versatile work in cells. They require a cascade of structural changes to perform different tasks like binding to the other neighboring biomolecules, transporting small chemicals, activating a chemical reaction, etc. The structural conformations of proteins can be critical in changing their working ability. In this dissertation, I investigated the role of conformational changes of viral protein, e.g., spike and envelope protein of SARS-CoV-2, and bacterial protein, e.g., multidrug transporter and toxic extrusion protein- PfMATE from Pyrococcus furiosus. Also, I performed molecular docking-based drug screening targeting the E protein to suggest a set of drugs that can be repurposed …
Discovery Of First-In-Class Small Molecule Agonists Of The Rxfp2 Receptor As Therapeutic Candidates For Osteoporosis, Maria Esteban Lopez
Discovery Of First-In-Class Small Molecule Agonists Of The Rxfp2 Receptor As Therapeutic Candidates For Osteoporosis, Maria Esteban Lopez
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and increased risk of developing fractures, predominantly observed in the elderly. The pathophysiological cause of the disease is a decrease in the activity of the bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) that alters bone remodeling in favor of bone resorption, leading to a decrease in bone mass. Recent studies identified the relaxin family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2), the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for insulin-like 3 peptide (INSL3), as an attractive target expressed in osteoblast cells to increase bone formation. The goal of this dissertation is to discover and characterize small molecule agonists …
Analysis Of Soxs In S. Typhimurium By Transposon Mutagenesis, Joel Hanns, Brenda Pratte, Lon Chubiz Phd, Lauren Daugherty
Analysis Of Soxs In S. Typhimurium By Transposon Mutagenesis, Joel Hanns, Brenda Pratte, Lon Chubiz Phd, Lauren Daugherty
Undergraduate Research Symposium
The mar-sox-rob regulon has been implicated in transcriptional regulation of several stress responses, such efflux of antibiotics, enzymes that break down reactive oxygen species, repression of biofilm formation, or repression of motility through downregulation of flagellar expression. This system is conserved among enteric bacteria and has been studied in species, such as E. coli and S. typhimurium. Some of these mechanisms can be costly and slow cell growth while increasing the probability of survival through tolerance of toxic environments. SoxS works in coordination with SoxR to respond to redox stress encountered by the cell. Interestingly, the overexpression of SoxS …
Early Advanced Therapy For Diabetic Foot Ulcers In High Amputation Risk Veterans: A Cohort Study, Margaret Doucette, Kattie M. Payne, Walter Lough, Alison Beck, Kristi Wayment, John Huffman, Laura Bond, Aurora Thomas-Vogel, Susan Langley
Early Advanced Therapy For Diabetic Foot Ulcers In High Amputation Risk Veterans: A Cohort Study, Margaret Doucette, Kattie M. Payne, Walter Lough, Alison Beck, Kristi Wayment, John Huffman, Laura Bond, Aurora Thomas-Vogel, Susan Langley
Biomolecular Research Center Publications and Presentations
Veterans with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent the highest percentage of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) within the Veterans Affairs (VA) population. Many veterans have additional risk factors for amputation. Few studies focus on advanced therapies for this population. This study explores the impact of early application of dehydrated human amniotic membrane allograft (DAMA) with comprehensive care on preventing amputation. This prospective, single-center cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02632929) was conducted through Boise VA Medical Center. Patients with DFUs were objectively stratified for LEA risk. Those with moderate to high amputation risk could participate. Participants received comprehensive care and weekly application of …
Eskape Pathogens: The Clinical Prevalence And Molecular Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance, Anusha Attre
Eskape Pathogens: The Clinical Prevalence And Molecular Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance, Anusha Attre
Honors Scholar Theses
The ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are the leading cause of all nosocomial, or healthcare-associated (HAI), infections (Navidinia, 2016). The purpose of this research study is to determine the burden of ESKAPE infections on healthcare and study the antibiotic resistance in these high-risk pathogens to provide direction for researchers to develop new antimicrobial innovations to reduce ESKAPE infectivity and improve patient outcomes. To study the burden of ESKAPE infections, this review analyzes the current statistics explaining the clinical prevalence of each pathogen in causing HAIs. Additionally, each pathogen is …
Multicopy Suppression Of Ribosomal Protein Deletion Mutants, Jacqualine Cerbone
Multicopy Suppression Of Ribosomal Protein Deletion Mutants, Jacqualine Cerbone
Senior Honors Projects
To suppress the ribosome assembly defective phenotype of a ribosomal protein uS17- deficient mutant, various ribosomal proteins were used to act as multicopy suppressors. Ribosomal protein uS17 is a highly conserved component of the 30S (small) ribosomal subunit and is important for 30S subunit assembly. Mutants with a deletion of rpsQ (the gene encoding uS17) are viable but have a severe 30S subunit assembly defect and a temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype. While fully assembled 30S subunits do form, incomplete ("20S") particles lacking several proteins accumulate. We hypothesized that increasing the intracellular concentration of one or more of the proteins missing from …
Describing The Effect Of Thin Layer Sediment Placement On Coastal Microbial Communities Using Foraminifera Diversity, Elizabeth B. Billings
Describing The Effect Of Thin Layer Sediment Placement On Coastal Microbial Communities Using Foraminifera Diversity, Elizabeth B. Billings
Senior Honors Projects
Salt marshes are rich ecosystems that play an important role in aquatic food systems and prevent erosion while also providing essential habitats for wildlife. Climate change has resulted in rising sea levels and erosion of these coastal wetlands. Thin Layer Sediment Placement (TLP) is a restoration effort being implemented to mitigate the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems. The TLP process raises elevation of the marsh and provides substrates for vegetative growth by spraying dredged sediment over existing marsh. The impacts of TLP on microbial populations is not widely understood, therefore metrics are required to study the effects of …