Life Sciences Commons^™

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2002, D. G. Dombek, D. K. Ahrent, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers. The 2002 corn performance tests contained 59 entries and were conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center (NEREC) at Keiser, the Cotton Branch Station (CBS) near Marianna, the Bell Farming Company (BFC) near Des Arc, the Southeast Research and Extension Center - Rohwer Division (SEREC-RD) near Rohwer, and the John Williams Farm (JWF) in Lafayette County. …

Diagnostic Assays Based On Esterase-Mediated Resistance Mechanisms In Western Corn Rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Xuguo Zhou, Michael E. Scharf, Srinivas Parimi, Lance J. Meinke, Robert J. Wright, Laurence D. Chandler, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Resistance to methyl-parathion among Nebraska western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, populations is associated with increased hydrolytic metabolism of an organophosphate insecticide substrate. An electrophoretic method to identify resistant individuals based on the staining intensity of esterase isozymes on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels was developed. Three groups of esterases (I, II, and III) were visible on the gels, but only group II esterase isozymes were intensified in resistant populations. A total of 26 and 31 field populations of western corn rootworms from Nebraska (in 1998 and 1999, respectively) were assessed with nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) assays and diagnostic concentration …

Pre-Logging Liana Cutting Reduces Liana Regeneration In Logging Gaps In The Eastern Brazilian Amazon, Jeffrey J. Gerwing, Christopher Uhl

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

The cutting of all lianas prior to logging is a reduced-impact logging technique that is predicted to reduce liana proliferation in logging gaps. This study compares liana abundance and species composition in gaps created during conventional and reduced-impact logging in a forest of the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Logging treatments were conducted in side-by-side plots. Shortly following logging, 50-m² plots were located in the approximate centers of four single treefall and four multiple treefall gaps in each logging area. Six years following logging, there were ∼40% fewer climbing lianas in reduced-impact gaps than in conventional logging gaps. In both logging …

New County Records Of Chewing Lice (Mallophaga) On Birds In Florida, J. Adam Holt

Insecta Mundi

County records for avian lice are less significant than the host records themselves. Considering that most avian lice are host specific, the county records should resemble the area the host would most likely be encountered. Nonetheless, the list cited in Forrester and Spalding (2003) contains few and spotty county records. The main source of material for this publication has been the Marathon Wildlife Rehabilitation Center in Marathon, Monroe Co., Florida. The center takes in specimens of about 90 species of birds per year. The following is a list of the avian lice species, hosts, and localities with collection dates. All …

Ard News December 2002

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

Comments from the ARD Office Staff
How to State the Value of Your Research
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
Grants and Contracts Received October and November, 2002
ARD Budget Reductions - Round 3
Undergraduate Honors Research Program
Recognition of Junior Faculty for Excellence in Research
ARD-Administered Grant and Awards Programs

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 14, No. 6, December 2002

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Calendar of events

Congratulations

Welcome

Farewell

Faculty news

Graduate student news

From the office

Museum news

Grants

Publications

Travel

Condolences

This 'n that

Calliobothrium Spp. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) In Mustelus Schmitti (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes) From Argentina And Uruguay, Verónica A. Ivanov, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Three species of Calliobothrium inhabit the spiral intestine of Mustelus schmitti in Argentina and Uruguay. Calliobothrium verticillatum australis is redescribed and its taxonomic status modified to species as C. australis. Calliobothrium barbarae n. sp. can be distinguished from all other species of Calliobothrium, which are small bodied, nonlaciniate, and without accessory piece between the bases of axial hook, by worm length, number of segments, cocoon morphology, and hooks shape. Calliobothrium lunae n. sp. is different from other Calliobothrium spp., which are small bodied, nonlaciniate, and have an accessory piece, by the number of segments and testes, hook shape, …

Review Of Parasites And The Behaviour Of Animals By Janice Moore (Oxford University Press, 2002), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Review of Parasites and the Behaviour of Animals by Janice Moore (Oxford University Press, 2002).

Review Of Parasitism: The Diversity And Ecology Of Animal Parasites By Albert O. Bush, Jacqueline C. Fernández, Gerald W. Esch And J. Richard Seed (Cambridge University, 2002), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Review of Parasitism: The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites by Albert O. Bush, Jacqueline C. Fernández, Gerald W. Esch and J. Richard Seed (Cambridge University, 2002).

The Birds Of St. Matthew Island, Bering Sea, Kevin Winker, Daniel D. Gibson, Arthur L. Sowls, Brian E. Lawhead, Philip D. Martin, Eric P. Hoberg, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

St. Matthew Island (608 249 N, 1728 429 W) and its small nearby satellites, Hall Island and Pinnacle Rock, are isolated in the north-central Bering Sea. This infrequently visited location occupies a geographic position with a deep Bering Land Bridge history and is in an area of interdigitation of the Old World, New World, and Beringian avifaunas. It is known for its three Beringian endemics, a bird (McKay’s Bunting, Plectrophenax hyperboreus), a small mammal, and a plant. This level of endemism is striking for a high-latitude island. The only previous summary of the avifauna of St. Matthew Island (Hanna …

Ashworthius Patriciapilittae N. Sp. (Trichostrongyloidea: Haemonchinae), An Abosomal Nematode In Odocoileus Virginianus From Costa Rica, And A New Record For The Species Of The Genus In The Western Hemisphere, Eric P. Hoberg, Arthur Abrams, Ramon A. Carreno, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

A species of Ashworthius is reported for the first time in the Western Hemisphere, and A. patriciapilittae n. sp. is described on the basis of specimens in white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus from Costa Rica. Among 8 known species, A. patriciapilittae is morphologically similar to A. tuyenquangi in red muntjac Muntjacus muntjak from northern Vietnam. The synlophe in A. patriciapilittae is composed of 26 ridges in the cervical zone and is continuous to the caudal extremity in males and females. Males are characterized by a complex dorsal ray and narrow trifurcate spicules (351-356 mm long) lacking an ‘‘eyelet,’’ with dissimilar ventral …

Description Of Paranoplocephala Etholeni N. Sp. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) In The Meadow Vole Microtus Pennsylvanicus, With A Synopsis Of Paranoplocehala S. L. In Holarctic Rodents, Voitto Haukisalmi, H. Henttonen, J. Niemimaa, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Paranoplocephala etholeni n. sp, parasitizing the meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus in Alaska and Wisconsin, USA. is described Paranaplocephala etholeni is morphologically most closely related to the Nearctic Paranoplocephala ondatrae (Rausch, 1948). Available data suggest that P. etholeni is a host-specific, locally rare species that may have a wide but sporadic geographical distribution in North America. The finding of P. ondatrae-like cestodes in Microtus spp. suggests that this poorly known species may actually be a parasite of voles rather than muskrat (type host). A tabular synopsis of all the known species of Paranoplocephala s. I. in the Holarctic region with …

Bergmann's Rule In Ectotherms: A Test Using Freshwater Fishes, Mark C. Belk, Derek D. Houston

Faculty Publications

Understanding patterns of variation in body size within and among species is a central question in evolutionary ecology (Schlichting and Pigliucci 1998). The most well known pattern of variation in body size is Bergmann's rule (Bergmann 1847; Mayr 1956). The intraspecific version of Bergmann's rule holds that within endothermic species, body size increases with increasing latitude (or decreasing temperature; Blackburn et al. 1999; Ashton et al. 2000). In general, mammals conform to this rule (Ashton et al. 2000).

Plasticity And Genetic Diversity May Allow Saltcedar To Invade Cold Climates In North America, Jason P. Sexton, J. K. Mckay, Anna Sala

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Two major mechanisms have been proposed to explain the ability of introduced populations to colonize over large habitat gradients, despite significant population bottlenecks during introduction: (1) Broad environmental tolerance-successful invaders possess life history traits that confer superior colonizing ability and/or phenotypic plasticity, allowing acclimation to a wide range of habitats. (2) Local adaptation-successful invaders rapidly adapt to local selective pressures. However, even with bottlenecks, many introduced species exhibit surprisingly high levels of genetic variation and thus the potential for evolutionary increases in invasive traits and plasticity. Here we assess the invasive potential of Tamarix ramosissima, by examining the degree of …

Habitat Use, Distribution And Conservation Status Of The Mikado Pheasant (Syrmaticus Mikado) In Taiwan, Cara Lin Bridgman

Doctoral Dissertations

To evaluate the conservation status of Taiwan’s mikado pheasant, Syrmaticus mikado (Phasianidae), I test the similarity of preferred habitat to primary and secondary forest, develop models of habitat availability within Taiwan, and examine population trends within two locations inside Yushan National Park. The characteristics of locations with pheasant activity were most similar to secondary forest: high shrub stem counts and low canopy and leaf litter coverage. None of these variables were applicable to geographic informationsystems analysis. To the known extent of range and area of occupancy, I compared a model based on the habitats described in field guides. This model …

Colonization History And Alternative Community States In Experimental Microcosms, Craig Richard Zimmermann

Doctoral Dissertations

Using s suite of disparate experimental systems, three tests of the effect of variation in community history on community states were performed. The first test explored the effect of species invasion order on the structure and invasibility in soil microbial communities. Microcosm communities were assembled by augmenting an existing soil community with sequential introductions of three bacterial strains under three alternative sequences. Assembled communities were then probed with a genetically engineered bioremediative bacterium to test the relative vulnerability of these communities to this strain. Results indicated that variation in invasion order resulted in the production of alternative community states with …

Analysis Of Protistan Grazing On Bioremediative Bacteria Using In Wvo Fluorescent Protein Expression And Flow Cytometry, Yutao Fu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Protistan bacterivory can influence the size distribution, cell structure and composition of natural bacterial communities and is of significant concern for design of bioremediation efforts, yet adequate methods for observation and modeling are lacking. In this investigation, fluorescent protein expression and flow cytometry were used to study protistan grazing on genetically modified strains of several bacterial species that have been considered for use in bioremediation. Broad-host-range plasmids were constructed and used to introduce genes encoding GFP (green fluorescent protein) or RFP (red fluorescent protein) to prey species. A heterotrophic flagellate Paraphysomonas imperforata (Hflag) served as a model predator. Predator-prey interactions …

Two Bioeconomic Studies On Haddock Culture: Live Feed And Juvenile Production, Kate M. Waning

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The State of Maine is reliant upon its natural resources. Wild catches of marine finfish, especially ground fish such as cod and haddock, are declining. In addition, several new restrictions have been placed on the culture of Atlantic salmon due to its listing under the Endangered Species Act. These issues serve as an impetus to explore the development of alternative species for cold-water marine aquaculture. This research focuses on early haddock culture. The two areas where haddock culture varies from production of other species are the need for live feeds and proximity to seawater. Unlike salmon, haddock spend their entire …

A New Species Of The Beetle Genus Brachypsectra From The Dominican Republic, With Fossil Connections (Coleoptera: Brachypsectridae), Robert E. Woodruff

Insecta Mundi

With the description of Brachypsectra vivafosile n. sp., from the Cabo Rojo desert area of Hispaniola, the beetle family Brachypsectridae now contains 4 described species. The family was originally known from the Dominican Republic by Miocene amber fossils of larvae. Genitalia are illustrated for the first time for the family. Relationships of the family within the Elateroidea are briefly discussed.

Mexican Lepidoptera Biodiversity, J. B. Heppner

Insecta Mundi

Being among the most habitat diverse countries in the world (and plant diversity is about 22,000 sp.), Mexico has a Lepidoptera fauna recorded at about 14,385 species but is estimated to be over 22,000 species, if not much higher (some estimates go to 35,000 sp.). High Lepidoptera numbers in Mexico are also due to the large influx of tropical species from the border with Guatemala, as well as Mexican endemics. In this report, the Lepidoptera families are summarized for Mexico, giving known species and what experts estimate to be the true total for each family when all have been described. …

Parajulid Milliped Studies V. The Genera Pseudojulus Bollman And Arvechambus Causey (Parajulinae: Aniulini), Rowland M. Shelley

Insecta Mundi

The parajulid milliped genus Pseudojulus Bollman comprises four species: P. obtectus (Bollman), P. paynei (Hoffman), n. comb., and P. carolinensis and P. coastalis, new species; Arvechambus Causey comprises two species, A. hummi and A. weeinsi, both by Causey. Georgiulus Hoffman is placed in synonymy under Pseudojulus; G. hubrichti Hoffman is placed under P.paynei; and A. australis Causey is placed under A. hummi . The genera are sympatric in north Florida and southern Georgia, but Pseudojulus extends northward to coastal South Carolina and south central North Carolina, and westward to Alabama west of Mobile Bay. Both genera belong …

Distribution And Biological Notes For Some Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) Occurring In The Southeastern United States, Roy F. Morris Ii

Insecta Mundi

The beetle family Cerambycidae is a favorite of many collectors and has been the focus of studies in the southeastern United States. Recent collecting has revealed significant new biological and distribution information for 33 cerambycid species. Included are five new state records and one new country record. Host plants are reported for the first time for 31 species. Unless otherwise stated all collections were made by the author. Rearing was done by collecting infested plant material and placing it in individual clear plastic tubs, which were checked regularly for emerging specimens. Moisture was supplied from a plastic spray bottle as …

Notes On Oriental Lamiini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae), Karl-Ernst Hüdepohl, Daniel J. Heffern

Insecta Mundi

Longhorned beetles of the Tribe Lamiini have evolved into approximately 180 genera in South East Asia and nearby regions. Many genera and species are poorly-known and some taxa are still undescribed. As a prelude to a checklist and further studies of this group, the authors propose some taxonomic changes and provide corrections to previous literature.

The private collection and literature of the senior author are deposited in Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen, Munchhausenstrabe 21, D-8000, Munchen, Germany.

New Bahamian Records For Laemophloeidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea), Michael C. Thomas

Insecta Mundi

A recent collecting trip to Andros Island in the Bahamas yielded a number of new Bahamian records for the Laemophloeidae. Unless otherwise stated specimens representing the new records were collected in ultraviolet light traps in a hardwood coppice at Forfar Field Station during the period 2-7-VI-2001 by the author, B. K. Dozier, and R. H. Turnbow, and are deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods. Forfar Field Station is located on the east coast of the north island, near the small town of Stafford Creek.

A New Species Of Cryptolestes Ganglbauer (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) From Bolivia, Michael C. Thomas

Insecta Mundi

Cryptolestes robinclarkei Thomas, n. sp., is described from Bolivia, illustrated, and compared to other species of the genus.

Obituary: Jacob Brodzinsky (January 17, 1918 - February 25, 2003), Robert E. Woodruff

Insecta Mundi

Earlier this year, at the age of 85, Major Jacob Brodzinsky passed away at his home in Santo Domingo. It is with great sadness that I write this obituary, because "Jake" was a great personal friend and professional colleague for over 30 years. He leaves a wife, Marianela (Mañeña) Lopez-Penha, whom he married on April 26,1964, and two lovely daughters, Sibylla and Raquel.

Introduction To Special Issue On Radiation Effects, P. Andrew Karam

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] "How dangerous is radiation? How much radiation does it take to give us cancer? Are we wasting money on overly restrictive regulations, or are we not being sufficiently protective of our radiation workers and the public? How much clean-up is necessary on our Department of Energy facilities? What about Yucca Mountain and nuclear reactor plants – can they be made safe?

These are only a few of the questions that have been asked, and will continue to be asked, about radiation. Unfortunately, these all come down, in part or in whole, to the question “What is the shape of …

Effects Of The Shape Of The Radiation Dose-Response Curve On Public Acceptance Of Radiation And Nuclear Energy, Audeen W. Fentiman

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] “The public generally accepts the premise that exposure to radiation can have an undesirable effect. Furthermore, it believes that as the radiation dose increases, the magnitude of the effect will increase. On the other hand, while the background radiation dose varies from a few hundred millirem/year (a few millisieverts/yr) in some places to a few thousand millirem/yr (tens of millisieverts/yr) in others, researchers have been unable to find a correlation between the level of background radiation and incidence of cancer or other maladies attributable to radiation.

…

Because there is considerable controversy about the relationship between radiation dose and …

The Debate On The Health Effects Attributable To Low Radiation Exposure, Abel J. Gonzalez

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] "Few scientific issues have aroused passions more than the dispute about the health effects attributable to low levels of exposure to ionizing radiation (or radiation in short) and the currently authoritative dose response hypothesis, termed “linear non-threshold,” or LNT. Finding out whether health effects are induced by low-level radiation exposures, and if so, what they are, has become a kind of contest rather than a serious scientific inquiry. Sometimes it seems that rationality, or a methodical examination of the unknown, has disappeared from this debate. While the confrontation of different hypotheses is typical in academic discussions – at least …

Public Perceptions Of Food Safety: Assessing The Risks Posed By Genetic Modification, Irradiation, Pesticides, Microbiological Contamination And High Fat/High Calorie Foods, Michael D. Mehta

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] "In general, people in the developed world have access to a safe and varied supply of food. Instead of systemic hunger, many developed countries have problems with obesity and other kinds of eating disorders among their citizenry. It is within this context that some find public concerns about the safety of food both paradoxical and misplaced. Nevertheless, understanding how people perceive the risk associated with food is an important exercise in demonstrating accountability and in setting priorities for regulation. With the advent of technologies for producing genetically modified foods, and the development of fat blockers like Olestra, the public …