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Articles 121 - 125 of 125
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Use Of In Vitro Systems For X-Ray Microanalysis, Jarin Hongpaisan, Ann-Christin Mörk, Godfried M. Roomans
Use Of In Vitro Systems For X-Ray Microanalysis, Jarin Hongpaisan, Ann-Christin Mörk, Godfried M. Roomans
Scanning Microscopy
The use of X-ray microanalysis in human pathology may require the use of cryoprepared tissue. Often it is impossible to carry out freezing of the tissue in an optimal way, and in addition, it is difficult to carry out experiments in living patients. The use of in vitro systems and cell cultures allows separation of the process of tissue removal and the freezing procedure, and also makes testing of pharmacological or toxic substances possible. In experiments with animal tissue it was shown that incubation in a physiological buffer induced significant changes in the concentrations of Na, K, and Cl. In …
Ion Microscopy In Biology, George H. Morrison, Isabelle Gay, Subhash Chandra
Ion Microscopy In Biology, George H. Morrison, Isabelle Gay, Subhash Chandra
Scanning Microscopy
Ion microscopy, a mass spectrometry based isotopic imaging technique, is uniquely suited for ion transport-related problems in biological systems. Due to its high sensitivity, it can image the transport and distribution of both major and minor elements (isotopes) at subcellular resolutions. The images of major elements such as K, Na, Cl, etc., can be viewed directly and recorded in real-time from the microchannel plate-fluorescent screen detector of the instrument. The low concentration physiologically important elements, such as Ca, need about one minute of integration for good quality imaging. The isotopic imaging capability of ion microscopy provides a unique approach for …
Measurement Of Subcellular Ca2+ Redistribution In Cardiac Muscle In Situ: Time Resolved Rapid Freezing And Electron Probe Microanalysis, Meredith Bond, Mark D. Schluchter, Eva Keller, Christine S. Moravec
Measurement Of Subcellular Ca2+ Redistribution In Cardiac Muscle In Situ: Time Resolved Rapid Freezing And Electron Probe Microanalysis, Meredith Bond, Mark D. Schluchter, Eva Keller, Christine S. Moravec
Scanning Microscopy
To directly assess the physiological roles of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and miitochondria (MT), we have utilized energy dispersive electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) on ultrathin freeze-dried cryosections from isolated papillary muscles, rapidly frozen at precise time points of the contractile cycle. Using this approach, we can detect redistribution of subcellular Ca2+ during the cardiac contractile cycle. Changes in Ca2+ of less than 1.0 mmol/kg dry wt can be detected. By determining the variability of the Ca2+ measurements in preliminary experiments, we have also demonstrated that it is possible to optimize experimental design, i.e., to predict the number of …
Standardless Analysis Of Biological Tissue Sections, W. A. P. Nicholson
Standardless Analysis Of Biological Tissue Sections, W. A. P. Nicholson
Scanning Microscopy
The X-ray microanalysis of thin biological samples which are usually supported on a thin organic film or are self-supporting specimens, has required the use of standards which contain the elements of interest. Spectra from the standards are used to calculate the factors for converting X-ray data recorded on the specimen into elemental concentrations. A method is discussed here, in which these factors are evaluated from formulae. The most important physical process to be evaluated is that of characteristic X-ray production in the specimen. The bremsstrahlung production must also be evaluated if the Hall or continuum normalisation (CN) method of quantitation …
Low Temperature Embedding Of Chemically Unfixed Biological Material After Cryosorption Freeze-Drying, L. Edelmann
Low Temperature Embedding Of Chemically Unfixed Biological Material After Cryosorption Freeze-Drying, L. Edelmann
Scanning Microscopy
After freeze-drying of bulk specimens in a newly developed cryosorption freeze-dryer (CFD) a special accessory is used to infiltrate the specimens in Lowicryl HM20 and to polymerize them at low temperature by ultra-violet (UV) irradiation within the CFD chamber in flat embedding moulds. The accessory allows polymerization in a dry, oxygen free environment without the risk of evaporation of volatile components of the resin which may lead to unsatisfactory polymerization. First results demonstrate the quality of structure preservation of biological material not treated with any chemical fixative.