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University of Nebraska - Lincoln
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
- Discipline
- Keyword
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- Biological control (5)
- Nicotiana tabacum (3)
- Pseudomonas syringae (3)
- Agricultural watershed (2)
- Apoplast (2)
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- Hydrogen peroxide (2)
- Mosquito (2)
- Oxidative burst (2)
- Phenolics (2)
- Runoff water (2)
- Acaricide (1)
- Acetosyringone (1)
- Aedes aegypti (1)
- Amylopectin (1)
- Amylose (1)
- Anion exchange resin (1)
- Anthonomus grandis grandis (1)
- Antioxidant capacity (1)
- Ascorbic acid method (1)
- Australia (1)
- Bacillus thuringiensis (1)
- Baculoviridae entomogenous fungi (1)
- Beta diversity (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biotin ? DNA damage ? double-strand breaks ? histone H4 (1)
- Biotin ? cell signaling ? HepG2 cells ? human ? tyrosine kinase (1)
- Biotin; biotinidase; histone H3; lysine (1)
- Block diagram; Lithostratigraphy; Parent material; Pedostratigraphy; Soil survey; Substrata (1)
- Boll weevil (1)
- Boophilus microplus (1)
Articles 31 - 60 of 73
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Modeling Bacterial Udp-Hexnac: Polyprenol-P Hexnac-1-P Transferases, Neil P. Price
Modeling Bacterial Udp-Hexnac: Polyprenol-P Hexnac-1-P Transferases, Neil P. Price
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Protein N-glycosylation in eukaryotes and peptidoglycan biosynthesis in bacteria are both initiated by the transfer of a D-N-acetylhexosamine 1-phosphate to a membrane-bound polyprenol phosphate. These reactions are catalyzed by a family of transmembrane proteins known as the UDP-D-N- acetylhexosamine: polyprenol phosphate D-N-acetylhexosamine 1-phosphate transferases. The sole eukaryotic member of this family, the D-N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate transferase (GPT), is specific for UDP-GlcNAc as the donor substrate and uses dolichol phosphate as the membrane-bound acceptor. The bacterial translocases, MraY, WecA, and WbpL, utilize undecaprenol phosphate as the acceptor substrate, but differ in their specificity for …
Weed Suppression By Deleterious Rhizobacteria Is Affected By Formulation And Soil Properties, Robert E. Zdor, Carlene M. Alexander, Robert J. Kremer
Weed Suppression By Deleterious Rhizobacteria Is Affected By Formulation And Soil Properties, Robert E. Zdor, Carlene M. Alexander, Robert J. Kremer
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Deleterious rhizobacteria (DRB) suppress weed growth in field tests and are considered potential weed biological control agents. This study compared the relative inhibitory action of the DRB Pseudomonas fluorescens strain G2-11 in different formulations, corn gluten meal (CGM), and semolina flour, toward wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik) seeds and seedlings in soil assays. Strain G2-11 successfully established in semolina flour as an inoculum formulation but was incompatible with CGM presumably because of antibacterial factors present. The effect of DRB and plant products on seed germination and plant …
Effect Of Oxygen Management On Culture Performance Of Channel Catfish In Earthen Ponds, Eugene L. Torrans
Effect Of Oxygen Management On Culture Performance Of Channel Catfish In Earthen Ponds, Eugene L. Torrans
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Aeration allows for higher feeding rates and increased production of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in intensive and semi-intensive aquaculture systems. However, the effect of specific dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations on various production parameters remains unknown. The purpose of this 2-year study was to determine the effect of daily minimum DO concentration on channel catfish production. Six 0.1-ha ponds were each equipped with three 0.37-kW (0.5-hp) aerators and one 0.37-kW circulator. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were monitored and recorded with a commercial oxygen monitor that also controlled aeration. During both years, aeration in the high-oxygen treatment was initiated when the DO concentration …
Prevalence Of Pathogenic Yersinia Enterocolitica Strains In Pigs In The United States, Saumya Bhaduri, Irene V. Wesley, Eric J. Bush
Prevalence Of Pathogenic Yersinia Enterocolitica Strains In Pigs In The United States, Saumya Bhaduri, Irene V. Wesley, Eric J. Bush
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Yersinia enterocolitica is considered an important food-borne pathogen impacting the pork production and processing industry in the United States. Since this bacterium is a commensal of swine, the primary goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in pigs in the United Sates using feces as the sample source. A total of 2,793 fecal samples were tested for its presence in swine. Fecal samples were collected from late finisher pigs from 77 production sites in the 15 eastern and midwestern pork-producing states over a period of 27 weeks (6 September 2000 to 20 March 2001). …
Abundance Of Plodia Interpunctella (Hubner) And Cadra Cautella (Walker) Infesting Maize Stored On South Carolina Farms: Seasonal And Non-Seasonal Variation, Richard T. Arbogast, Shahpar R. Chini
Abundance Of Plodia Interpunctella (Hubner) And Cadra Cautella (Walker) Infesting Maize Stored On South Carolina Farms: Seasonal And Non-Seasonal Variation, Richard T. Arbogast, Shahpar R. Chini
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Seasonal trends and short-term fluctuations in abundance of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) and Cadra cautella (Walker) infesting maize stored on two South Carolina farms were studied during three storage seasons (September 1990–June 1993). Coils of corrugated paper placed on the grain surface were used to trap mature larvae seeking pupation sites. Temperatures in the grain (18-cm-deep) and in the bin headspace were recorded hourly, and grain moisture content was measured weekly. Weekly mean numbers of moth larvae, and adults of two natural enemies, trapped in the coils were used for tracking changes in their abundance over time. The most significant findings …
Apoplastic Redox Metabolism: Synergistic Phenolic Oxidation And A Novel Oxidative Burst, C. Jacyn Baker, Daniel P. Roberts, Norton M. Mock, Bruce D. Whitaker, Kenneth L. Deahl, Andrey A. Aver'yanov
Apoplastic Redox Metabolism: Synergistic Phenolic Oxidation And A Novel Oxidative Burst, C. Jacyn Baker, Daniel P. Roberts, Norton M. Mock, Bruce D. Whitaker, Kenneth L. Deahl, Andrey A. Aver'yanov
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
The plant apoplast is an important mediator of communication between the cell cytoplasm and its surroundings. Plant cell suspensions offer a convenient model system to gain insight into apoplastic physiology. Here, we describe a novel phenomenon that took place when two naturally occurring phenolics were added together to either soybean or tobacco cell suspensions. Acetosyringone (AS) and/or hydroxyacetophenone (HAP), phenolics found in the extracellular/apoplast of tobacco cells, were added to soybean or tobacco cell suspensions undergoing an oxidative burst. Individually, AS appeared to be utilized as a typical peroxidase substrate to scavenge hydrogen peroxide, while HAP was utilized at a …
Biocontrol Agents Applied Individually And In Combination For Suppression Of Soilborne Diseases Of Cucumber, Daniel P. Roberts, Scott M. Lohrke, Susan L. F. Meyer, Jeffry S. Buyer, John H. Bowers, C. Jacyn Baker, Wei Li, Jorge T. De Souza, Jack A. Lewis, Soohee Chung
Biocontrol Agents Applied Individually And In Combination For Suppression Of Soilborne Diseases Of Cucumber, Daniel P. Roberts, Scott M. Lohrke, Susan L. F. Meyer, Jeffry S. Buyer, John H. Bowers, C. Jacyn Baker, Wei Li, Jorge T. De Souza, Jack A. Lewis, Soohee Chung
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
The soilborne pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, and Meloidogyne incognita can cause severe economic losses to field- and greenhouse-grown cucumber. A collection of bacterial isolates and isolates GL3 and GL21 of Trichoderma virens were screened for suppression of diseases caused by these pathogens. T. virens isolates GL3 and GL21 provided the most effective suppression of damping-off caused by R. solani in greenhouse bioassays. Burkholderia ambifaria BC-F, B. cepacia BC-1, and Serratia marcescens N1-14 also provided significant suppression of R. solani relative to the pathogen check in some experiments. T. virens isolates GL3 and GL21 and S. marcescens isolates …
Post-Release Evaluation Of Biological Control Of Bemisia Tabaci Biotype ‘‘B’’ In The Usa And The Development Of Predictive Tools To Guide Introductions For Other Countries, John A. Goolsby, Paul J. Debarro, Alan A. Kirk, Robert W. Sutherst, Luis Canas, Matthew A. Ciomperlik, Peter C. Ellsworth, Juli R. Gould, Diana M. Hartley, Kim A. Hoelmer, Steven E. Naranjo, Mike Rose, William J. Roltsch, Paul A. Ruiz, Charles H. Pickett, Don C. Vacek
Post-Release Evaluation Of Biological Control Of Bemisia Tabaci Biotype ‘‘B’’ In The Usa And The Development Of Predictive Tools To Guide Introductions For Other Countries, John A. Goolsby, Paul J. Debarro, Alan A. Kirk, Robert W. Sutherst, Luis Canas, Matthew A. Ciomperlik, Peter C. Ellsworth, Juli R. Gould, Diana M. Hartley, Kim A. Hoelmer, Steven E. Naranjo, Mike Rose, William J. Roltsch, Paul A. Ruiz, Charles H. Pickett, Don C. Vacek
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Climatic matching and pre-release performance evaluation were useful predictors of parasitoid establishment in a retrospective analysis of a classical biological control program against Bemisia tabaci biotype ‘‘B’’ in the USA. Laboratory evaluation of 19 imported and two indigenous parasitoid species in quarantine on B. tabaci showed that the Old World Eretmocerus spp, had the highest attack rate. The climate matching program CLIMEX was used to analyze the establishment patterns of five Old World Eretmocerus spp. introduced to the Western USA. The top matches ±10% for the climate of the area of introduction and origin of the introduced parasitoids always included …
Induction Of Redox Sensitive Extracellular Phenolics During Plant–Bacterial Interactions, C. Jacyn Baker, Bruce D. Whitaker, Daniel P. Roberts, Norton M. Mock, Clifford P. Rice, Kenneth L. Deahl, Andrey A. Aver'yanov
Induction Of Redox Sensitive Extracellular Phenolics During Plant–Bacterial Interactions, C. Jacyn Baker, Bruce D. Whitaker, Daniel P. Roberts, Norton M. Mock, Clifford P. Rice, Kenneth L. Deahl, Andrey A. Aver'yanov
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
This study focuses on the transient and complex nature of phenolics that accumulate in the extracellular environment of plant suspension cells during the first few hours of the interaction between these plant cells and bacterial pathogens. Using suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum we identified four acetophenones and four hydroxycinnamic acid amides that accumulate in this extracellular environment. Treatment of the suspension cells with isolates of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae or heat-killed bacteria increased elicitation of extracellular phenolics and changed the composition of the compounds that accumulated. These phenolics were sensitive to oxidative stress; when suspension cells were treated with …
Carbaryl Resistance In Mexican Strains Of The Southern Cattle Tick (Acari: Ixodidae), Andrew Y. Li, Ronald B. Davey, John E. George
Carbaryl Resistance In Mexican Strains Of The Southern Cattle Tick (Acari: Ixodidae), Andrew Y. Li, Ronald B. Davey, John E. George
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Susceptibility to carbaryl in six Mexican strains of the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), was evaluated with the Food and Agricultural Organization larval packet test. Tick strains from the cattle fever tick quarantine zone in Texas were more susceptible to carbaryl than to coumaphos or diazinon. Compared with the susceptible reference (Gonzalez) strain, Mexican tick strains demonstrated 10.9Ð59.5-fold resistance to carbaryl. SigniÞcant cross-resistance was found between carbaryl and the organophosphate acaricides coumaphos and diazinon. Bioassay results with synergists suggested that metabolic detoxification mechanisms did not play a major role in carbaryl resistance. Resistance to carbaryl was likely conferred by …
Insect Transmission Of Plant Pathogens, Rodrigo P. P. Almeida, Astri Wayadande, Todd Shelly
Insect Transmission Of Plant Pathogens, Rodrigo P. P. Almeida, Astri Wayadande, Todd Shelly
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Much of biological research conducted today is multidisciplinary, partly because of the availability of ever simpler to use molecular tools and the realization that ecological systems are complex and multitrophic. Although there is a general trend toward academic specialization and cooperation, some fields still require that scientists be aware of the “bigger picture.” We consider that the study of insect-transmitted plant pathogens is one of those fields, where insect, pathogen, and plant are inseparably linked. In this triangle of interactions, researchers focus their interests on questions at the molecular and cellular to epidemiological levels. Throughout the years, plant vector entomologists …
Maintenance Of A Narrow Host Range By Oxyops Vitiosa; A Biological Control Agent Of Melaleuca Quinquenervia, G. S. Wheeler
Maintenance Of A Narrow Host Range By Oxyops Vitiosa; A Biological Control Agent Of Melaleuca Quinquenervia, G. S. Wheeler
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Host range expansion in insect herbivores is often thought to be mediated by several factors, principal among them are secondary plant metabolites. In weed biological control, the host range of a prospective agent is one of the most important considerations in its implementation. Extensive host testing tests seek to determine the behavioral acceptance and nutritional value of different test plant species to the potential agent. A list of test plants is compiled that comprises species that are close taxonomic relatives of the target weed plus other species of economic or ecologic importance. The host testing of the Melaleuca quinquenervia biological …
Postweaning Performance Of Hair And Wool Sheep And Reciprocal-Crosses On Pasture And In Feedlot, M. A. Brown, H. S. Mayeux
Postweaning Performance Of Hair And Wool Sheep And Reciprocal-Crosses On Pasture And In Feedlot, M. A. Brown, H. S. Mayeux
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Lambs from three diallel-mating plans (Dorset-St. Croix, n=140; Rambouillet-Gulf Coast, n=80; Katahdin-Suffolk, n=78) and a terminal-cross mating plan (Suffolk rams mated to Dorset, St. Croix and reciprocal-cross ewes, n=100) were used to evaluate postweaning grazing performance of traditional meat breeds and tropically adapted breeds of sheep.
Risk And Ethics In Biological Control, Ernest S. Delfosse
Risk And Ethics In Biological Control, Ernest S. Delfosse
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
All introduced natural enemies present a degree of risk to nontarget species. Since most biological control programs use relatively host-specific natural enemies, the risk to nontarget species is generally very low, particularly from biological control of weeds, which uses extensively tested and validated host-specificity testing procedures to predict risk. However, many of the published comments about risks of biological control are superficial or misleading, often inappropriately lumping risk from all taxa of agents as “the risk of biological control,” and ignore the potential benefits, rather than dealing with species-by-species risk and benefits. Particularly confounding accurate predictions is the common mixing …
Seasonal Acceptance Of Fourwing Saltbush By Sheep When Crested Wheatgrass Is The Alternative, Christine W. Royer, R. D. Horrocks, Val J. Anderson, Stephen B. Monsen
Seasonal Acceptance Of Fourwing Saltbush By Sheep When Crested Wheatgrass Is The Alternative, Christine W. Royer, R. D. Horrocks, Val J. Anderson, Stephen B. Monsen
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Many sagebrush-grass ranges have been seeded to crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fischer ex Link) Shultes]. These ranges are generally nutritionally inadequate for sheep (Ovis aries L.), except for short grazing periods in the spring and fall. To increase production and diversity, particularly crude protein for late-season grazing, fourwing saltbush [Atriplex canescens (Pursch.) Nutt.] was planted in an existing stand of crested wheatgrass. Quantification of sheep forage preferences on these improved ranges aids in determining the length of the grazing season and the extent to which shrubs provide the supplemental nutrition required. This seasonal grazing study was conducted …
Integration Of Co 2 Flux And Remotelysensed Data For Primary Production And Ecosystem Respiration Analyses In The Northern Great Plains: Potential For Quantitative Spatial Extrapolation, Tagir G. Gilmanov, Larry L. Tieszen, Bruce K. Wylie, Larry B. Flanagan, Albert B. Frank, Marshall R. Haferkamp, Tilden P. Meyers, Jack A. Morgan
Integration Of Co 2 Flux And Remotelysensed Data For Primary Production And Ecosystem Respiration Analyses In The Northern Great Plains: Potential For Quantitative Spatial Extrapolation, Tagir G. Gilmanov, Larry L. Tieszen, Bruce K. Wylie, Larry B. Flanagan, Albert B. Frank, Marshall R. Haferkamp, Tilden P. Meyers, Jack A. Morgan
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Aim Extrapolation of tower CO2 fluxes will be greatly facilitated if robust relationships between flux components and remotely sensed factors are established. Long-term measurements at five Northern Great Plains locations were used to obtain relationships between CO2 fluxes and photosynthetically active radiation (Q), other on-site factors, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the SPOT VEGETATION data set.
Herbivory Alters Resource Allocation And Compensation In The Invasive Tree Melaleuca Quinquenervia, P. D. Pratt, M. B. Rayamajhi, T. K. Van, T. D. Center, P. W. Tipping
Herbivory Alters Resource Allocation And Compensation In The Invasive Tree Melaleuca Quinquenervia, P. D. Pratt, M. B. Rayamajhi, T. K. Van, T. D. Center, P. W. Tipping
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
The Australian native Melaleuca quinquenervia is highly invasive in the Florida Everglades, U.S.A., where it experiences limited competition or herbivory from native species, making it a likely candidate for compensation. The introduced biological control agent Oxyops vitiosa feeds exclusively on the seasonal flushes of developing foliage at branch apices, which represents ~ 15% of the total foliar biomass.
Influence Of Dietary Crude Protein Concentration And Source On Potential Ammonia Emissions From Beef Cattle Manure, N. A. Cole, R. N. Clark, R. W. Todd, C. R. Richardson, A. Gueye, L. W. Greene, K. Mcbride
Influence Of Dietary Crude Protein Concentration And Source On Potential Ammonia Emissions From Beef Cattle Manure, N. A. Cole, R. N. Clark, R. W. Todd, C. R. Richardson, A. Gueye, L. W. Greene, K. Mcbride
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Emissions of ammonia, as well as other gases and particulates, to the atmosphere are a growing concern of livestock producers, the general public, and regulators. The concentration and ruminal degradability of CP in beef cattle diets may affect urinary and fecal excretion of N and thus may affect ammonia emissions from beef cattle feed yards. To determine the effects of dietary CP concentration and degradability on potential ammonia emissions, 54 steers were randomly assigned to nine dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments consisted of three dietary CP concentrations (11.5, 13, and 14.5%) and three …
Isolation And Enrichment Of Abundant Microsatellites From A Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Brain Cdna Library, Dan Nonneman, Geoffrey C. Waldbieser
Isolation And Enrichment Of Abundant Microsatellites From A Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Brain Cdna Library, Dan Nonneman, Geoffrey C. Waldbieser
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Efforts to construct a genetic linkage map of channel catfish have involved identification of random genomic microsatellite markers, as well as anchored Type I loci (expressed genes) from channel catfish. To identify Type I markers we constructed a directional cDNA library from brain tissue to obtain expressed catfish sequences that could be used for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker development. These cDNA sequences surprisingly contained a high proportion of microsatellites (about 14%) in noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags (ESTs), many of which were not associated with known sequences. To further identify cDNAs with microsatellites and reduce the number of …
Comparison Of Protein Solubilization Methods Suitable For Proteomic Analysis Of Soybean Seed Proteins, Savithiry Natarajan, Chenping Xu, Thomas J. Caperna, Wesley M. Garrett
Comparison Of Protein Solubilization Methods Suitable For Proteomic Analysis Of Soybean Seed Proteins, Savithiry Natarajan, Chenping Xu, Thomas J. Caperna, Wesley M. Garrett
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Extraction of soybean seed proteins for two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D–PAGE) and mass spectrometry analysis is challenging and inconsistent. In this study, we compared four different protein extraction/solubilization methods—urea, thiourea/urea, phenol, and a modified trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone—to determine their efficacy in separating soybean seed proteins by 2D–PAGE. In all four methods, seed storage proteins were well separated by 2D–PAGE with minor variations in the intensity of the spots. The thiourea/urea and TCA methods showed higher protein resolution and spot intensity of all proteins compared with the other two methods. In addition, several less abundant and high molecular weight proteins were …
Isolation And Characterization Of A Bovine Visceral Endoderm Cell Line Derived From A Parthenogenetic Blastocyst, Neil C. Talbot, Thomas J. Caperna, Anne M. Powell, Alan D. Ealy, Le Ann Blomberg, Wesley M. Garrett
Isolation And Characterization Of A Bovine Visceral Endoderm Cell Line Derived From A Parthenogenetic Blastocyst, Neil C. Talbot, Thomas J. Caperna, Anne M. Powell, Alan D. Ealy, Le Ann Blomberg, Wesley M. Garrett
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
A cell line, BPE-1, was derived from a parthenogenetic 8-d in vitro-produced bovine blastocyst that produced a cell outgrowth on STO feeder cells. The BPE-1 cells resembled visceral endoderm previously cultured from blastocysts produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Analysis of the BPE-1 cells demonstrated that they produced serum proteins and were negative for interferon-tau production (a marker of trophectoderm). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cells were a polarized epithelium connected by complex junctions resembling tight junctions in conjunction with desmosomes. Rough endoplasmic reticulum was prominent within the cells as were lipid vacuoles. Immunocytochemistry indicated the BPE-1 cells …
Size-Dependent Feeding And Reproduction By Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), S. M. Greenberg, D. W. Spurgeon, Thomas W. Sappington, M. Sétamou
Size-Dependent Feeding And Reproduction By Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), S. M. Greenberg, D. W. Spurgeon, Thomas W. Sappington, M. Sétamou
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
The considerable variation in adult size of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, has been well documented, but the influences of adult size on reproductive rate are not known. We examined the relationship between the size of boll weevils and their feeding and oviposition. Weevils weighed to the nearest milligram were grouped into five categories based on pupal weight:≤5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, and>20 mg. Numbers of lifetime punctures produced in flower buds (squares) of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., by both sexes of adults tended to increase with pupal weight. Boll weevil females with pupal weights >10 mg produced …
The Complete Genome Sequence Of Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis, Lingling Li, J. P. Bannantine, Qing Zhang, Alongkon Amonsin, Barbara J. May, David Alt, Nilanjana Banerji, Sagarika Kanjilal, Vivek Kapur
The Complete Genome Sequence Of Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis, Lingling Li, J. P. Bannantine, Qing Zhang, Alongkon Amonsin, Barbara J. May, David Alt, Nilanjana Banerji, Sagarika Kanjilal, Vivek Kapur
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
We describe here the complete genome sequence of a common clone of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) strain K-10, the causative agent of Johne’s disease in cattle and other ruminants. The K-10 genome is a single circular chromosome of 4,829,781 base pairs and encodes 4,350 predicted ORFs, 45 tRNAs, and one rRNA operon. In silico analysis identified >3,000 genes with homologs to the human pathogen, M. tuberculosis (Mtb), and 161 unique genomic regions that encode 39 previously unknown Map genes. Analysis of nucleotide substitution rates with Mtb homologs suggest overall strong selection for a vast majority of these shared mycobacterial …
Cryptic Plasmid Psku146 From The Wall-Less Plant Pathogen Spiroplasma Kunkelii Encodes An Adhesin And Components Of A Type Iv Translocation-Related Conjugation System, Robert E. Davis, Ellen L. Dally, Rasa Jomantiene, Yan Zhao, Bruce Roe, Shaoping Lin, Jonathan Shao
Cryptic Plasmid Psku146 From The Wall-Less Plant Pathogen Spiroplasma Kunkelii Encodes An Adhesin And Components Of A Type Iv Translocation-Related Conjugation System, Robert E. Davis, Ellen L. Dally, Rasa Jomantiene, Yan Zhao, Bruce Roe, Shaoping Lin, Jonathan Shao
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
A cryptic plasmid of the wall-less plant pathogenic mollicute, Spiroplasma kunkelii CR2-3X, was cloned and its sequence analyzed. The 14,615 bp plasmid, designated pSKU146, has a nucleotide content of 28 mol% G + C, and contains 18 potential protein-coding regions (open reading frames, ORFs), of which six encode proteins that exhibit similarity to virulence-associated proteins involved in cell-to-cell adhesion or conjugal DNA transfer. One ORF encodes a 96 kDa protein, SkARP1, that is highly similar to SARP1 adhesin involved in attachment of Spiroplasma citri to insect vector gut membrane. Five ORFs encode proteins similar to TraE and Mob in walled …
From Metchnikoff To Monsanto And Beyond: The Path Of Microbial Control, Jeffrey C. Lord
From Metchnikoff To Monsanto And Beyond: The Path Of Microbial Control, Jeffrey C. Lord
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
In 125 years since Metchnikoff proposed the use of Metarhizium anisopliae to control the wheat cockchafer and brought about the first field trials, microbial control has progressed from the application of naturalists’ observations to biotechnology and precision delivery. This review highlights major milestones in its evolution and presents a perspective on its current direction. Fungal pathogens, the most eye-catching agents, dominated the early period, but major mycological control efforts for chinch bugs and citrus pests in the US had questionable success, and interest waned. The discoveries of Bacillus popilliae and Bacillus thuringiensis began the era of practical and commercially viable …
Lamb Production Of Dorper, Katahdin, And St. Croix Bred In Summer, Winter, Or Spring In The Southeastern United States, J. M. Burke
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Ewe production traits and ability to breed out of season were compared for the Dorper (DO), Katahdin (KA), and St. Croix (SC) breeds between 2000 and 2005. Sheep were managed on grass pasture and were supplemented with corn/soybean meal and free-choice, trace-mineral mix. Ewes were exposed to rams of their respective breeds in late summer (August/September), winter (December), or spring (April/ May) for 30-day breeding periods. Lambs were weighed at birth and 60 days of age. Pregnancy and lambing rates and litter birth weight were greater for all breeds bred in winter and lowest in spring. Pregnancy losses were greater …
Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Lambs Sired By Texel, Romanov, St. Croix Or Dorset Rams From Polypay And St. Croix Ewes, W. A. Phillips, M. A. Brown, H. G. Dolezal, G. Q. Fitch
Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Lambs Sired By Texel, Romanov, St. Croix Or Dorset Rams From Polypay And St. Croix Ewes, W. A. Phillips, M. A. Brown, H. G. Dolezal, G. Q. Fitch
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Over a 2-year period, crossbred lambs resulting from the mating of Texel (T), Romanov (R), and St. Croix (S) rams with Polypay (P) and S ewes, were finished during the summer and late fall to determine feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. A total of 175 wether lambs of the five genotypes (R x P, R x S, S x S, T x P and T x S) were fed a high-energy diet for an average of 110 d (Experiment 1). Purebred St. Croix lambs weighed less (P < 0.05) at the beginning and end of the finishing period, had the lowest average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.05), and the lowest Gain:Feed (P < 0.10) of the five genotypes evaluated. All five genotypes produced carcasses with a quality grade ≥ Choice. In a subsequent 2-year experiment (Experiment 2), 251 lambs sired by either Dorset or St. Croix rams from the ewes created in Exp.1 were used. Dorset-sired lambs were heavier (P < 0.10) at the end of the feeding period and had greater ADG (P < 0.10) than lambs sired by St. Croix rams. Wether lambs were heavier (P < 0.10), grew faster (P < 0.10) and ate more (P<0.05) feed than female lambs. Lambs from crossbred ewes were heavier (P <0.05) at the beginning and end of the finishing period and grew faster (P < 0.10) than lambs from purebred St. Croix ewes. When Dorset rams were used as the terminal sire, lamb feedlot performance was similar among the five ewe genotypes used in this study.
Predicting Plant Extinction Based On Species-Area Curves In Prairie Fragments With High Beta Richness, Brian J. Wilsey, Leanne M. Martin, H. Wayne Polley
Predicting Plant Extinction Based On Species-Area Curves In Prairie Fragments With High Beta Richness, Brian J. Wilsey, Leanne M. Martin, H. Wayne Polley
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Species-area relationships and island biogeography theory are commonly used to predict how species richness will decline with fragmentation. There are a variety of largely untested assumptions in these approaches, including the assumptions that populations are distributed uniformly before fragmentation, and that local extinctions are due to effects of small population sizes. If populations are not distributed uniformly, then populations can be abundant locally but rare globally. This would cause extinction rates to be smaller than predicted.We tested extinction theory by developing estimates of the number of plant species that should be present in small tallgrass prairie fragments and then testing …
Patterns Of Plant Species Diversity In Remnant And Restored Tallgrass Prairies, H. Wayne Polley, Justin D. Derner, Brian J. Wilsey
Patterns Of Plant Species Diversity In Remnant And Restored Tallgrass Prairies, H. Wayne Polley, Justin D. Derner, Brian J. Wilsey
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
To restore diversity of native vegetation, we must understand factors responsible for diversity in targeted communities. These factors operate at different spatial scales and may affect the number and relative abundances of species differently. We measured diversity of plant species and functional groups of species in replicated plots within paired restored and remnant (relic) tallgrass prairies at three locations in central Texas, U.S.A.
Plant Functional Group Diversity As A Mechanism For Invasion Resistance, Monica L. Pokorny, Roger L. Sheley, Catherine A. Zabinski, Richard E. Engel, Tony J. Svejcar, John J. Borkowski
Plant Functional Group Diversity As A Mechanism For Invasion Resistance, Monica L. Pokorny, Roger L. Sheley, Catherine A. Zabinski, Richard E. Engel, Tony J. Svejcar, John J. Borkowski
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
A commonly cited mechanism for invasion resistance is more complete resource use by diverse plant assemblages with maximum niche complementarity. We investigated the invasion resistance of several plant functional groups against the nonindigenous forb Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa). The study consisted of a factorial combination of seven functional group removals (groups singularly or in combination) and two C. maculosa treatments (addition vs. no addition) applied in a randomized complete block design replicated four times at each of two sites.