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Articles 601 - 630 of 646
Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering
Applications Of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (Qmra) To Regulatory Decision Making, Adam W. Olivieri, Edmund Y. Seto, Richard E. Danielson, Jeffrey A. Soller, Robert C. Cooper
Applications Of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (Qmra) To Regulatory Decision Making, Adam W. Olivieri, Edmund Y. Seto, Richard E. Danielson, Jeffrey A. Soller, Robert C. Cooper
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Intelligent risk-based decision-making requires a clear and transparent framework, and as part of that framework, includes a tractable analysis and balancing of various qualities of information from numerous sources. The purpose of this paper is to provide a number of examples on the application of QMRA, and how the information was utilized to aid and facilitate decision-making as part of the regulatory process for evaluating water recycling and municipal treatment plant discharges.
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Of Freshwater Impacted By Animal Fecal Material, Jeffrey Soller, Timothy Bartrand, Marirosa Molina, Gene Whelan, Mary Schoen, Nicholas Ashbolt
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Of Freshwater Impacted By Animal Fecal Material, Jeffrey Soller, Timothy Bartrand, Marirosa Molina, Gene Whelan, Mary Schoen, Nicholas Ashbolt
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
We evaluated the potential for human illness from a hypothetical recreational exposure to freshwater that was impacted by land-applied, agricultural animal fecal material. The scenario included 1) fresh cattle manure, pig slurry, or chicken litter (fecal material) land-applied, adjacent to a freshwater waterbody at standard agronomic rates (based on nutrient management); 2) fecal materials containing fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and pathogens of public health concern (reference pathogens) at levels reported in peer-reviewed literature; 3) FIB and reference pathogens mobilized via runoff at rates estimated from our rainfall simulation experiments; 4) primary recreational contact (e.g., swimming) occurring in undiluted runoff at …
Amadeus: A System For Monitoring Water Quality Parameters And Predicting Contaminant Paths, Abdeltawab M. Hendawi, David Hazel, Joel Larson, Yiru Li, Dwaine Trummert, Mohamed Ali, Ankur Teredesai
Amadeus: A System For Monitoring Water Quality Parameters And Predicting Contaminant Paths, Abdeltawab M. Hendawi, David Hazel, Joel Larson, Yiru Li, Dwaine Trummert, Mohamed Ali, Ankur Teredesai
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Managing the water quality in an urban environment is extremely challenging. While it flows, the water picks up pollutants such as lawn care chemicals, oil, and pet waste bacteria. In fact, topography plays a factor in where water runoff goes. However, there are many other factors, such as urban density, impermeable surface coverage, weather events and tidal patterns which all have the potential to impact not only the final destination of a particular pollutant but also the rate of travel along the route. In this paper, we propose a system, named AMADEUS (Azure Marketplace of Applications for Diverse Environmental Use …
A Spatial Planning Tool For The Evaluation Of The Effect Of Hydrological And Land-Use Changes On Ecosystem Services, Leon Mugwiza, Seleshi Yalew, Johannes Van Der Kwast, Masoom Hamdard, Willem Van Deursen
A Spatial Planning Tool For The Evaluation Of The Effect Of Hydrological And Land-Use Changes On Ecosystem Services, Leon Mugwiza, Seleshi Yalew, Johannes Van Der Kwast, Masoom Hamdard, Willem Van Deursen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Many point-based models have been designed to simulate hydrology, gas flux, nutrient dynamics, and/or plant growth processes at a single point on the landscape. However, these environmental processes are known to be spatially variable. Simulations at different spatial locations therefore require adjustment of model input parameters to reflect specific conditions at each location. Increased availability of geospatial data sets, including remote sensing images, land cover maps, digital soil surveys, crop yield maps, and vehicle-based plant or soil maps, can support spatial model parameterization efforts. However, tools are needed for processing geospatial data layers and interfacing the data with the simulation …
Socio-Economic Regional Risk Assessment (Serra) Application To Flood Risk In The Vipacco Basin (North-East Italy), Claudia De Luca, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh Gain, Stefano Balbi, Michele Ferri, Carlo Giupponi
Socio-Economic Regional Risk Assessment (Serra) Application To Flood Risk In The Vipacco Basin (North-East Italy), Claudia De Luca, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh Gain, Stefano Balbi, Michele Ferri, Carlo Giupponi
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
According to EEA (European Environmental Agency), flood is the most dangerous natural hazard in Europe in terms of economic losses. The KULTURisk Project (EU FP7) has developed a novel methodology for evaluating the integrated benefits of risk prevention of water related natural hazards: SERRA (i.e. Socio-Economic Regional Risk Assessment). The proposed methodology enhances the traditional flood risk assessment. Several case studies across Europe allowed for the consolidation, validation, and refinement of SERRA. This paper presents the results of its application to assess the benefits derived from the installation of an Early Warning System in Vipacco river basin in Friuli Venezia …
Reproducible Research Within The Datanet Federation Consortium, Reagan W. Moore, Arcot Rajasekar
Reproducible Research Within The Datanet Federation Consortium, Reagan W. Moore, Arcot Rajasekar
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The DataNet Federation Consortium (DFC) is an NSF funded project that provides cyberinfrastructure for federating data management systems into a collaboration environment. Researchers are able to build a shared collection, apply analysis workflows, and manage the analysis results. The shared collections may span storage resources at multiple institutions, and multiple types of data management systems. The analysis workflows may include staging of files to remote compute platforms, and in-place analysis at the remote data storage location. The workflows can be captured as shareable objects, with automatic capture of input files, input parameters, and output files. A key feature is support …
Use Of Near Real Time Earth Observation Data Infrastructures And Open Source Tools For Water Resources Monitoring And Assessment, Chris M. Mannaerts, Ben H.P. Maathuis, Petra E. Budde
Use Of Near Real Time Earth Observation Data Infrastructures And Open Source Tools For Water Resources Monitoring And Assessment, Chris M. Mannaerts, Ben H.P. Maathuis, Petra E. Budde
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Since several years, a rapid and ever increasing public use of geo-information data derived from earth observation satellites is noted. The use of Google and Microsoft Virtual Earth engines can be seen as generic examples of this trend. For hydrology, water resources research and professional practice, we also note a growing availability of earth observation (EO) data and products, needed for operational land and water management. Many of these data are public domain and made freely available using low-cost global data dissemination infrastructures like GEONETCast, managed by the spaces agencies EUMETSAT and NOAA amongst others, within the context of the …
Web Service And Plug-In Architecture For Flexibility And Openness Of Environmental Data Sharing Platforms, Stephen Knox, Philipp Meier, Julien Harou
Web Service And Plug-In Architecture For Flexibility And Openness Of Environmental Data Sharing Platforms, Stephen Knox, Philipp Meier, Julien Harou
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The sharing, comparison and maintenance of computer model input and result data for real-world projects is a challenge. In collaborative research projects, particularly when collaboration occurs between multiple institutions in different locations, the complications are greater still. The co-development of water resource network simulation and optimization models is one field that faces this challenge. There is a need for ways to allow multiple users to build and apply models collaboratively. This paper argues that a web service architecture is an appropriate approach for multi-institution maintenance of resource network models. We describe the design of a prototype system that allows developers …
Hydroshare: Advancing Collaboration Through Hydrologic Data And Model Sharing, David G. Tarboton, Ray Idaszak, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, Jeff Heard, Dan Ames, Jonathan L. Goodall, Larry Band, Venkatesh Merwade, Alva Couch, Jennifer Arrigo, Richard Hooper, David Valentine, David Maidment
Hydroshare: Advancing Collaboration Through Hydrologic Data And Model Sharing, David G. Tarboton, Ray Idaszak, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, Jeff Heard, Dan Ames, Jonathan L. Goodall, Larry Band, Venkatesh Merwade, Alva Couch, Jennifer Arrigo, Richard Hooper, David Valentine, David Maidment
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
HydroShare is an online, collaborative system being developed for open sharing of hydrologic data and models. The goal of HydroShare is to enable hydrology researchers to easily discover and access hydrologic data and models, retrieve them to their desktop for local analysis and perform analyses in a distributed computing environment that may include grid, cloud or high performance computing. Users may also share and publish outcomes (data, results or models) into HydroShare, using the system as a collaboration platform. HydroShare is expanding the data sharing capability of the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System by broadening the classes of data accommodated. HydroShare …
Slow Or Rapid Collapse? Transients Between Stable States As A Source Of Uncertainty In Predicting Ecosystem Shifts, Derek Karssenberg
Slow Or Rapid Collapse? Transients Between Stable States As A Source Of Uncertainty In Predicting Ecosystem Shifts, Derek Karssenberg
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In this study I explore the rate of change during the collapse of a vegetation-soil system on a hillslope from a vegetated state to an unvegetated, bare-soil, state. From a distributed, stochastic model coupling hydrology, vegetation, weathering and wash erosion, I derive two differential equations describing the interaction between the vegetation and the soil. Two stable states--vegetated and bare--are identified by means of analytical investigation, and it is shown that the change between these two states is a critical transition as indicated by hysteresis. Surprisingly, transitions between these states can either unfold rapidly, over a few years, or gradually, occurring …
Plug And Play Component Modeling - The Csdms2.0 Approach, James P. Syvitski
Plug And Play Component Modeling - The Csdms2.0 Approach, James P. Syvitski
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The CSDMS2.0 focus is on developing a software modelling environment that offers the earth and ocean communities products to enable easier penetration into the world of high performance computing, plug-and-play component modelling, and access to vetted open source surface-dynamics models. Protocols and standards define modelling interfaces, standard names, service components, and DOIs labelling.
A Proposed Approach To The Development Of Federated Model Sets, Kenneth M. Bryden
A Proposed Approach To The Development Of Federated Model Sets, Kenneth M. Bryden
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Integrated modelling is a critical environmental modelling tool that brings together sets of models and data to describe the impacts of various management practices and choices within the environment. Although each model may (or may not) run on separate hardware, typically these model sets are organized together as a large integrated, centralized model. These integrated models share a single conceptual schema and semantic framework. Additionally, information flow and convergence of boundary conditions between the models are generally built on a fixed framework. Although this is a logical approach that has proven to be effective, it has several limitations. The models …
Feedback Versus Uncertainty, Ronald R. P. Van Nooijen, Markus Hrachowitz, Alla G. Kolechkina
Feedback Versus Uncertainty, Ronald R. P. Van Nooijen, Markus Hrachowitz, Alla G. Kolechkina
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Even without uncertainty about the model structure or parameters, the output of a hydrological model run still contains several sources of uncertainty. These are: measurement errors affecting the input, the transition from continuous time and space to discrete time and space, which causes loss of information about the input, discretization of the model equations resulting in errors due to the discretization scheme and the use of finite precision calculations in model evaluation. Interval analysis can provide upper bounds on the output error due to all of these sources. This paper focuses on tracking uncertainty about input values and the effects …
Apex-Cute: An Auto-Calibration And Uncertainty Analysis Tool For The Apex Model, Xiuying Wang, Haw Yen
Apex-Cute: An Auto-Calibration And Uncertainty Analysis Tool For The Apex Model, Xiuying Wang, Haw Yen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender - auto-Calibration and UncerTainty Estimator (APEX-CUTE) was developed as an open-source tool which enhances the accessibility for APEX users to conduct potentially tedious calibration work on the APEX model. The role of uncertainty analysis should be taken as an independent supporting package to extend the capability in further analytical purposes. This version of APEX-CUTE incorporates relevant functions of uncertainty analysis flexibly. Users have options to include designated uncertainty sources such as input and/or measurement errors during the calibration process. APEX-CUTE is not only the comprehensive package in performing model calibration on APEX, but it can …
Overview And Application Of The Model Optimization, Uncertainty, And Sensitivity Analysis (Mouse) Toolbox, James C. Ascough Ii, Christian Fischer, Nathan Lighthart, Olaf David, Timothy R. Green, Sven Kralisch
Overview And Application Of The Model Optimization, Uncertainty, And Sensitivity Analysis (Mouse) Toolbox, James C. Ascough Ii, Christian Fischer, Nathan Lighthart, Olaf David, Timothy R. Green, Sven Kralisch
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
For several decades, optimization and sensitivity/uncertainty analysis of environmental models has been the subject of extensive research. Although much progress has been made and sophisticated methods developed, the growing complexity of environmental models to represent real world systems makes it increasingly difficult to fully comprehend model behavior, sensitivities and uncertainties. This paper provides an overview of the Model Optimization, Uncertainty, and SEnsitivity Analysis (MOUSE) software application, an open-source, Java-based toolbox of visual and numerical analysis components for the evaluation of environmental models. MOUSE is based on the OPTAS model calibration system developed for the Jena Adaptable Modeling System framework, is …
Nesll Modular, High Performance Lnfrastructure For Earth System Modeling, Cecelia Deluca, Peggy Li, Gerhard Theurich
Nesll Modular, High Performance Lnfrastructure For Earth System Modeling, Cecelia Deluca, Peggy Li, Gerhard Theurich
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The mission of the NOAA Environmental Software lnfrastructure and lnteroperability (NESll) group is to advance understanding and improve predictions of the Earth system by delivering infrastructure software that enables new scientific discoveries, fosters collaborations, and promotes resource efficiency. NESll software supports environmental modeling, data search and analysis, and metadata services. A core capability is the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF), a comprehensive object-oriented framework for building and coupling models. However, new development has focused on modular packages that can easily be combined with other software elements to form solutions to complex problems. Such modular packages include ESMPy, a Python grid …
Towards An Interoperable And Distributed E-Infrastructure For Hydro-Meteorology: The Drihm Project, Antonella Galizia, Daniele D’Agostino, Alfonso Quarti, Gabriele Zereik, Luca Roverelli, Emanuele Danovaro, Andrea Clematis, Fabio Delogu, Antonio Parodi, Quillon Harpham, Bert Jagers, Luis Garrote, Ljiljana Dekic, Vladimir Dimitrijevic, Evelyne Richard, Olivier Caumont
Towards An Interoperable And Distributed E-Infrastructure For Hydro-Meteorology: The Drihm Project, Antonella Galizia, Daniele D’Agostino, Alfonso Quarti, Gabriele Zereik, Luca Roverelli, Emanuele Danovaro, Andrea Clematis, Fabio Delogu, Antonio Parodi, Quillon Harpham, Bert Jagers, Luis Garrote, Ljiljana Dekic, Vladimir Dimitrijevic, Evelyne Richard, Olivier Caumont
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Predicting weather and climate and its impacts on the environment, including hazards such as floods and landslides, is one of the main challenges of the 21st century with significant societal and economic implications. To advance the state of the art in forecasting extreme events, an effective collaboration with the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) scientific community is necessary to address challenges in combining meteorological, hydrological, hydraulic and impact observations and modelling tools seemingly and in a platform that allows scenario building and decision-support. With these issues in mind, the Dis- tributed Research Infrastructure for Hydro-Meteorology (DRIHM) project aims at setting …
Kernel Density Independence Sampling Based Monte Carlo Scheme (Kismcs) For Inverse Hydrological Modeling, Mojtaba Shafiei, Shervan Gharari, Saket Pande, Sandjai Bhulai
Kernel Density Independence Sampling Based Monte Carlo Scheme (Kismcs) For Inverse Hydrological Modeling, Mojtaba Shafiei, Shervan Gharari, Saket Pande, Sandjai Bhulai
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Posterior sampling methods are increasingly being used to describe parameter and model predictive uncertainty in hydrologic modelling. This paper proposes an alternative to random walk chains (such as DREAM-zs). We propose a sampler based on independence chains with an embedded feature of standardized importance weights based on Kernel density estimates. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm is proposed with Metropolis-Hastings (M-H) updates using an independence sampler. The independence sampler ensures that candidate observations are drawn independently of the current state of a chain, thereby ensuring efficient exploration of the target distribution. The M-H acceptance-rejection criterion is used to sample …
Controls On Hydrologic Partitioning: Using A Mechanistic Model For Comparative Hydrology Across Ungauged Sub-Catchments In A Mountain Headwater Basin, Christa Kelleher, Thorsten Wagener, Francesca Pianosi, Brian Mcglynn
Controls On Hydrologic Partitioning: Using A Mechanistic Model For Comparative Hydrology Across Ungauged Sub-Catchments In A Mountain Headwater Basin, Christa Kelleher, Thorsten Wagener, Francesca Pianosi, Brian Mcglynn
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Headwater streams are the most abundant portion of the river network but the least monitored. As such, we have a limited understanding of headwater stream behaviours and how they are influenced by catchment properties such as topography, geology, and vegetation. Given the lack of runoff monitoring within headwater streams, improving an understanding of how catchment properties influence hydrologic behaviour is necessary for transferring information from instrumented areas to ungauged sites. We utilize this concept to understand physical controls on similarities and differences in hydrologic behaviour for five adjacent sub-catchments located in the Tenderfoot Creek Experimental Forest in central Montana with …
Vulnerability And Adaptation Of Crop Production To Future Climate Change: A Case Study For Representative Farms In Flathead Valley, Montana, Usa, Tony Prato, Zeyuan Qui
Vulnerability And Adaptation Of Crop Production To Future Climate Change: A Case Study For Representative Farms In Flathead Valley, Montana, Usa, Tony Prato, Zeyuan Qui
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Future climate change has the potential to adversely impact crop production. This study evaluates the potential impacts of future climate change on crop yields, crop enterprise net returns, and net farm income and the extent to which two forms of adaptation--flexible scheduling of field operations and crop irrigation--alleviate potential negative impacts of climate change on crop production and income in the Flathead Valley of Montana, USA during the evaluation period 2006-2050. Crop yields are simulated using the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model. Net farm income is assessed for small and large representative farms and two common soil types. Without …
Silvio, Modelling Social Vulnerability Under A Local Perspective, Thaís López-Inojosa, Martina Neuburger, Sebastian Medina-Plascencia, Framklin Davila
Silvio, Modelling Social Vulnerability Under A Local Perspective, Thaís López-Inojosa, Martina Neuburger, Sebastian Medina-Plascencia, Framklin Davila
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The objective of this research is to develop and to model an indicator of social vulnerability as part of a multidimensional, multivariable and non linear process. Social vulnerability can be considered as a complex system, in which many relationships in society and environment can be described by considering individual and structural factors. Numerous studies provide tools to analyze and revise social systems but these tools were developed generalizing and overviewing the relationship among many intermediate realities, for another type of systems, more formalized and conceptualized. Social systems do not have this classical formalization. The development of the SocIaL Vulnerability I …
Engaging Australian Surf Lifesaving In Coastal Hazard And Climate Change Adaptation With Stakeholder Driven Modelling, Marcello Sono, Russell G. Richards, Oz Sahin, Shauna Sherker, Rodger Tomlinson
Engaging Australian Surf Lifesaving In Coastal Hazard And Climate Change Adaptation With Stakeholder Driven Modelling, Marcello Sono, Russell G. Richards, Oz Sahin, Shauna Sherker, Rodger Tomlinson
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Australia's beaches, an iconic playground and social hub for coastal communities, are threatened by coastal hazards and by the impacts of climate change. In particular, Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA) has assets, facilities and personnel exposed to coastal hazards and climate change, including numerous surf life saving clubs (SLSCs), which can impact its capacity of providing beach and water safety for Australian beaches. This research employed a range of methods to identify climate change adaptation options and to identify mechanisms to enhance adaptive capacity, combining a range of system-oriented, stakeholder-based techniques, including system thinking conceptual modelling, structural analysis, system dynamics …
App2adapt: Using Tablet Technology To Elicit Conditional Probabilities For Bayesian Belief Network Modelling, Russell Richards, Oz Sahin, Marcello Sano, Jan-Olaf Meynecke, Rachel Tiller
App2adapt: Using Tablet Technology To Elicit Conditional Probabilities For Bayesian Belief Network Modelling, Russell Richards, Oz Sahin, Marcello Sano, Jan-Olaf Meynecke, Rachel Tiller
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The aim of this study is to use touch-screen computer tablet technology (e.g. iPAD) and its interactive flight console capabilities (e.g. touch screen 'sliders') as an improved method to stakeholder driven climate change adaptation research. Climate change vulnerability and adaptation have strong human dimensions meaning that the experiences of stakeholders often plays an important role when assessing adaptation options and/or the determinants of adaptive capacity. Methods such as Bayesian belief networks {BBNs) can draw upon the extensive knowledge and beliefs of stakeholders in a straightforward manner yet are underpinned by a robust mathematical framework (i.e. Bayes theory). This is critically …
An Integrated Approach For Including Social Capacities, And Economic Valuation In Risk Assessment Of Water Related Hazards In Uncertain Scenarios, Carlo Giupponi, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh K. Gain, Stefano Balbi, Claudio Biscaro
An Integrated Approach For Including Social Capacities, And Economic Valuation In Risk Assessment Of Water Related Hazards In Uncertain Scenarios, Carlo Giupponi, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh K. Gain, Stefano Balbi, Claudio Biscaro
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
We propose a conceptual framework, KR-FWK (i.e. KULTURisk Framework from the name of the European project within which it originated) and its implementation methods SERRA (Socio-Economic Regional Risk Assessment) for integrated (physical and economical) risk assessment, and economic valuation of risk prevention benefits on multiple receptors. The KR-FWK and the SERRA approach are characterised by: (i) integration of physical-environmental dimensions and the socio-economic ones in risk assessment; (ii) consideration of the role of social capacities (adaptive and coping capacity) in reducing risk and related costs, (iii) quantitative (even monetary) assessment of risks and of the benefits of risk reduction measures, …
Using Integrated Environmental Modeling To Automate A Process-Based Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment, Gene Whelan, Keewook Kim, Rajbir Parmar, Kurt Wolfe, Mike Galvin, Paul Duda, Mark Gray, Marirosa Molina, Richard Zepp, Yakov Pachepsky, John Ravenscroft, Lourdes Prieto, Brenda Kitchens
Using Integrated Environmental Modeling To Automate A Process-Based Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment, Gene Whelan, Keewook Kim, Rajbir Parmar, Kurt Wolfe, Mike Galvin, Paul Duda, Mark Gray, Marirosa Molina, Richard Zepp, Yakov Pachepsky, John Ravenscroft, Lourdes Prieto, Brenda Kitchens
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Integrated Environmental Modeling (IEM) organizes multidisciplinary knowledge that explains and predicts environmental-system response to stressors. A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) is an approach integrating a range of disparate data (fate/transport, exposure, and human health effects relationships) to characterize potential health impacts/risks from exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. We demonstrate loosely connected IEM legacy technologies (SDMProjectBuilder, Microbial Source Module, HSPF, and BASINS) to support watershed-scale microbial source-to-receptor modeling, focusing on animal-impacted catchments. The coupled models automate manual steps in standard watershed assessments to expedite the process, minimize resources, increase ease of use, and introduce more science-based processes to the analysis. SDMProjectBuilder …
The Effect Of Recovery On Modeling Inactivation Of Bacillus Spores On Hvac Filters, Bharathi Murali, Jade Mitchell
The Effect Of Recovery On Modeling Inactivation Of Bacillus Spores On Hvac Filters, Bharathi Murali, Jade Mitchell
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The ability of microorganisms to persist on fomite surfaces is an important component in modeling their spread in physical environment. For example, Bacillus anthracis (Ba) spores have been found to be extremely resistant to inactivation, environmental stresses, and stable over decades. Modeling the inactivation of spores could form an integral element for estimating the exposure and the subsequent health risks posed by them. However, there is a knowledge gap in the quantification of recovery of Bacillus spores on porous surfaces, which may have a significant effect on the quantification of their persistence in the environment. Our work investigates the recovery …
Addressing The Water-Energy-Climate Nexus Conundrum: A Systems Approach, Oz Sahin, Rodney A. Stewart, Russell G. Richards
Addressing The Water-Energy-Climate Nexus Conundrum: A Systems Approach, Oz Sahin, Rodney A. Stewart, Russell G. Richards
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Australia has the highest per capita surface water storage capacity of any country in the world. However, this storage capacity is at the mercy of Australia's rainfall, which is the most variable of any continental region. Recent drought shaved more than 1% off the nation's economy and saw unprecedented widespread water scarcity. In South-East Queensland (SEQ), six consecutive annual drops in storage level forced the introduction of water restrictions, limiting over 2 million citizens to less than 30% of pre-drought per capita usage. Moving forward, forecasts of high population growth and climate change will simultaneously increase water demand and significantly …
An Environmental Modeling Language For Agents And Fields, Kor De Jong, Merijn De Bakker, Derek Karssenberg
An Environmental Modeling Language For Agents And Fields, Kor De Jong, Merijn De Bakker, Derek Karssenberg
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Environmental modeling involves manipulating environmental attributes represented in software by agents, fields or both, but most modeling environments are designed to be especially useful for either agent-based or field-based modeling. Agent-based and field-based modeling environments have different properties with respect to their ease of use and how well both agents and fields can be represented and manipulated. Most agent-based modeling environments require the modeler to use a general purpose object oriented programming language like Java to express models, while field-based modeling environments often implement a high level, domain specific imperative language based on map algebra, or extent a general purpose …
Gis-Based Environmental Modeling With Tangible Interaction And Dynamic Visualization, Anna Petrasova, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, Helena Mitasova
Gis-Based Environmental Modeling With Tangible Interaction And Dynamic Visualization, Anna Petrasova, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, Helena Mitasova
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
We present a new, affordable version of TanGeoMS, a tangible geospatial modeling and visualization system designed for collaboratively exploring how terrain change impacts landscape pro cesses. It couples a physical, three-dimensional model of a landscape with geospatial modeling and analysis through a cycle of scanning and projection. Multiple users can modify the physical model by hand while it is being scanned; by sculpting the model they generate input for modeling of geophysical processes. The modeling results are then visualized by projecting images or animations back on the physical model. This feedback loop is an intuitive way to evaluate the impacts …
Managing Agricultural Landscapes For Favouring Ecosystem Services Provided By Biodiversity: A Spatially Explicit Model Of Crop Rotations In The Gama Simulation Platform, Hugo Thierry, Aude Vialatte, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Benoit Gaudou, Claude Monteil
Managing Agricultural Landscapes For Favouring Ecosystem Services Provided By Biodiversity: A Spatially Explicit Model Of Crop Rotations In The Gama Simulation Platform, Hugo Thierry, Aude Vialatte, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Benoit Gaudou, Claude Monteil
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The need to reduce the use of pesticides in agricultural ecosystems requires studying and developing new pest regulation methods. Individual-based models are useful to better understand how dynamics of insects interact with agricultural landscapes and to study the potential effects of alternative regulation methods, taking into account the spatial and temporal stochasticity of agricultural ecosystems caused by human management. Crop rotations and crop phenology have an important impact on the life cycles of populations of insects. We developed an individual-based model simulating the dynamics of an agricultural landscape from GIS data. The spatiotemporal stochasticity is simulated using typical landcover rotations …