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Articles 31 - 60 of 287
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
An Incremental Based Approach For 3d Multi-Angle Point Cloud Stitching Using Icp And Knn, Pankti K. Patel
An Incremental Based Approach For 3d Multi-Angle Point Cloud Stitching Using Icp And Knn, Pankti K. Patel
Theses and Dissertations
The basic principle of stitching is joining or merging any two materials or objects. 3D point cloud stitching is basically stitching two 3D point cloud together. 3D point cloud stitching is an emerging topic and there are multiple ways to achieve it. There are various methods for stitching which all have changes throughout the time. The existing methods do have shortcomings and have ignored the multiangle stitching of a same model or an object. This shortfall leads to many deficiencies in the ability of a stitching algorithm to maintain accuracy over the period. In this work I have introduced a …
Efficient Scopeformer: Towards Scalable And Rich Feature Extraction For Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection Using Hybrid Convolution And Vision Transformer Networks, Yassine Barhoumi
Efficient Scopeformer: Towards Scalable And Rich Feature Extraction For Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection Using Hybrid Convolution And Vision Transformer Networks, Yassine Barhoumi
Theses and Dissertations
The field of medical imaging has seen significant advancements through the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The success of deep learning models in this area has led to the need for further research. This study aims to explore the use of various deep learning algorithms and emerging modeling techniques to improve training paradigms in medical imaging. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the go-to architecture for computer vision problems, but they have limitations in mapping long-term dependencies within images. To address these limitations, the study explores the use of techniques such as global average pooling and self-attention mechanisms. Additionally, the …
Design Of A Non-Destructive System For Arctic Permafrost Detection Via High Frequency Electromagnetic Induction, Gray Dominic Thurston
Design Of A Non-Destructive System For Arctic Permafrost Detection Via High Frequency Electromagnetic Induction, Gray Dominic Thurston
Theses and Dissertations
Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors have been utilized in the past by the United States Army Corps of Engineers as a method of detecting unexploded ordnance (UXO). Recently, an EMI instrument was constructed that extended the traditional EMI frequency range from 100 kHz to 15 MHz to aid in the detection of nonmetallic ordnance, landmines, and improvised explosive devices. Building on this research, the iFROST mapper project aims to use the same high-frequency (HF) EMI technique to characterize arctic soil and subsurface permafrost deposits. Based on a device used by the US Army for UXO detection, an HF EMI instrument was …
Polyethyleneimine Shell Nucleic Acid Nanostructures From Gold Nanoparticle Template For Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery, Brendan Guy Rucci
Polyethyleneimine Shell Nucleic Acid Nanostructures From Gold Nanoparticle Template For Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery, Brendan Guy Rucci
Theses and Dissertations
The next generation of anticancer agents will emerge from rationally designed nanostructured materials. This work involved the synthesis and characterization of novel hollow DNA-conjugated gold nanoparticles (DNA-AuNPs) for controlled drug delivery. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was bound to citrate-capped AuNPs, forming polymer-shell nanoparticles. Dissolution of the gold core via iodine formed hollow core polymeric nanoparticles (HCPPs) and a high density of DNA (85 molecules/particle) containing daunorubicin was conjugated. Particles were spherical with an average diameter of 105.7±17.3 nm and zeta potential of 20.4±3.54 mV. We hypothesize the DNA backbone electrostatically condensed to the primary amines on the surface of the particle toroidally, …
A 3d Bioprinted Hydrogel Microfluidic Device For Screening Applications, Anant Bhusal
A 3d Bioprinted Hydrogel Microfluidic Device For Screening Applications, Anant Bhusal
Theses and Dissertations
The microfluidic enabled the integration of engineered miniaturized tissue models for drug screening. Conventional polydimethylsiloxane or plastic-based devices require multiple fabrication steps, which are challenging. We developed a 3D bioprinting approach to create prototypes of hydrogel-based multi-material microfluidic devices integrated with microtissue models. The approach utilizes poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and gelatin-methacryloyl to create microfluidic chips using multi-material bioprinting capacity with a high resolution of 15µm on x-y and 50µm on the z-axis and post-printing viability of >90%. We demonstrated easy regulation of stiffness from 24±5 kPa to 1,180±9 kPa and burst pressure from 16±1kPa to 256±19 kPa in the chip …
Using Dielectric Scatters To Selectively Excite Embedded Eigenstates In Cavity Resonators, Olugbenga Joshua Gbidi
Using Dielectric Scatters To Selectively Excite Embedded Eigenstates In Cavity Resonators, Olugbenga Joshua Gbidi
Theses and Dissertations
Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are waves that remain in the continuous spectrum of radiating waves that carry energy, however, still localized within the spectrum. BICs, also embedded eigenmodes, exhibit high quality factors that have been observed in optical and acoustic waveguides, photonic structures, and other material systems. Presently, there are limited means to select these BICs in terms of the quality factor and their excitation. In this work, we show that a different type of BIC, Quasi-BICs (Q-BICs), in open resonators can have their quality attuned by introducing embedded scatters. Using microwave cavities and dielectric scatters as an …
Enhancing Sustainable Process Designs Through Strategic Material Utilization And Waste Minimization Approaches, John David Chea
Enhancing Sustainable Process Designs Through Strategic Material Utilization And Waste Minimization Approaches, John David Chea
Theses and Dissertations
Sustainability is a growing concern as resources are continually depleted for various applications without adequate renewal plans. The resulting impacts on the ecosystem, health, and resource circularity are often overlooked. This research analyzes improvement opportunities at each major stage in a product's life cycle. Raw material acquisition, product synthesis, process waste management, and the fate of a material in the end-of-life phases were examined. The viability of utilizing renewable resources has been demonstrated in this work by extracting bio-based chemicals from underutilized renewable resources at a commercial scale and transforming the extracted resources into polymeric materials. The optimization of raw …
Using Naming Conventions To Facilitate Data Transfer Between Asset Management Systems And Building Information Models, John D. Foster
Using Naming Conventions To Facilitate Data Transfer Between Asset Management Systems And Building Information Models, John D. Foster
Theses and Dissertations
An improvement to the workflow developed by Loeh et al. (2021) is proposed using a Revit template with BUILDER SMS naming conventions when creating the Sustainable Facility Management-enhanced BIM Model. The method presented by Loeh et al. (2021) is modified by integrating BUILDER SMS parameters and naming conventions into the BIM model during, as opposed to after, the creation of the model. Four building models created in 2020-21, four from 2021-22, and one building from 2019 were used in this study. Two groups of students were used to evaluate the effect of the building-specific BIM templates. Evaluating the 2020 and …
Bioactive Self-Forming Hydrogels For Biomedical Applications, Kirstene Arcuino Gultian Giddings
Bioactive Self-Forming Hydrogels For Biomedical Applications, Kirstene Arcuino Gultian Giddings
Theses and Dissertations
Hydrogels are soft biomaterials that feature a wide range of physical and biochemical properties. Although highly versatile, hydrogels typically require an exogeneous input (e.g., light, pH, temperature) to form, and this limits their use to conditions where a catalyst is present. The goal of this dissertation is to expand the use of catalyst-based hydrogels by developing hydrogels with independently tunable properties which gel in situ without external stimuli. This new class of hydrogels was developed by first modifying macromers with norbornene (Nor) or tetrazine (Tet) moieties. Macromers containing Nor or Tet remain liquid when dissolved, and upon mixing self-form into …
Investigation Of Polymer Nanocomposites With Silicon Dioxide Fillers As Helium Cooled High-Temperature Superconducting Cable Dielectrics, Jordan Thomas Cook
Investigation Of Polymer Nanocomposites With Silicon Dioxide Fillers As Helium Cooled High-Temperature Superconducting Cable Dielectrics, Jordan Thomas Cook
Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis, three polymer nanocomposite configurations are fabricated for investigation as dielectrics in helium-cooled high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables. Polyimide, polyamide, and polymethyl methacrylate are utilized as host polymers. The composite samples are synthesized through an in situ process, dispersing silicon dioxide nanoparticles throughout the polymer hosts. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to validate the synthesis of each composite configuration. Thin film samples of each configuration were also tested for their dielectric strength at both room (300 K) and cryogenic (92 K) temperatures. When going from room to cryogenic temperatures, all materials demonstrated a significant …
Investigation Of Adhesion, Deformation Mechanics, And Electrical Properties Of Ag/Sio2/Pdms Tri-Layers For Stretchable Electronic Applications, Rhandy Joe Paladines
Investigation Of Adhesion, Deformation Mechanics, And Electrical Properties Of Ag/Sio2/Pdms Tri-Layers For Stretchable Electronic Applications, Rhandy Joe Paladines
Theses and Dissertations
The motivation behind this research is to improve the interfacial layer bonding of metallic thin films to PDMS substrates with the aid of a buffer layer. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique of sputtering was used to deposit bilayer thin films of silver (Ag) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) on PDMS. Two chamber pressures were used in this work, 5 and 20 mTorr, to investigate the role of this parameter in determining the interfacial adhesion and the role in determining the resistance sensitivity. Studies of the surface energy and increased bonding strength for metallization are carried out. Surface characterization using atomic …
Towards Environmentally Sustainable, High-Performance, Lightweight Composites For Automotive Applications, Jasmin Zamudio Vasquez
Towards Environmentally Sustainable, High-Performance, Lightweight Composites For Automotive Applications, Jasmin Zamudio Vasquez
Theses and Dissertations
The increasing public demand in the world automotive industry to improve the environmental sustainability of their manufactured vehicles without sacrificing drivers' comfort and safety and the high cost of lightweight materials have driven researchers to reconsider materials used in the automotive application. Thus, this work aims toward the production of environmentally sustainable, high-performance, lightweight composites, utilizing recycled carbon fibers (RCFs) and pyrolyzed tire particles (PTPs) reclaimed from pyro-gasification of CFRP wastes and end-of-life tires (ELTs), respectively, as reinforcements for cardanol-based epoxy resins. The fabricated composites exhibited rubbery-like behavior at 25 °C. Spectroscopic, rheological, physical, thermal, thermomechanical, and mechanical characterizations were …
Low Temperature Dielectric Strength Of Polyimide-Silica Nanocomposites For Applications In High-Temperature Superconducting Cables, Michael John Mccaffrey
Low Temperature Dielectric Strength Of Polyimide-Silica Nanocomposites For Applications In High-Temperature Superconducting Cables, Michael John Mccaffrey
Theses and Dissertations
Gaseous helium is often considered as an alternative to liquid nitrogen to cool modern high-temperature superconducting cables in support of increased power capacity and/or reduction of required cable size. However, the small size of helium molecules and relatively poor dielectric strength of helium gas create challenges which limit the usefulness of modern cable dielectrics. Continuous dielectric coatings have been considered as an alternative to traditional lapped tape dielectrics to support gaseous helium refrigerants, but unmatched thermal contraction between the coating and cable components would induce failures due to mechanical stress. Composite materials have been considered as a means of matching …
Investigating The Use Of 100% Rap In Airfield Mixtures For Contingency Pavement Repair In Remote Regions, Mahmoud Samara
Investigating The Use Of 100% Rap In Airfield Mixtures For Contingency Pavement Repair In Remote Regions, Mahmoud Samara
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this study was to present a procedure for performance-related mix design of 100% recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) mixtures used in repair applications. In addition, the impact of rejuvenators (Corn Oil, Tall Oil, Modified Vegetable Oil, and Aromatic Extract) on the RAP materials' properties were also investigated on both levels (binder, and mixtures). Performance grade testing, frequency sweep test, critical temperature differential (delta Tc), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were conducted to evaluate the rheological and chemical properties of extracted and rejuvenated RAP binders. Afterward, asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) and indirect tensile asphalt cracking (IDEAL-CT) tests …
A Machine Learning Framework For Automatic Speech Recognition In Air Traffic Control Using Word Level Binary Classification And Transcription, Fowad Shahid Sohail
A Machine Learning Framework For Automatic Speech Recognition In Air Traffic Control Using Word Level Binary Classification And Transcription, Fowad Shahid Sohail
Theses and Dissertations
Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning have enabled a variety of new technologies. One such technology is Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), where a machine is given audio and transcribes the words that were spoken. ASR can be applied in a variety of domains to improve general usability and safety. One such domain is Air Traffic Control (ATC). ASR in ATC promises to improve safety in a mission critical environment. ASR models have historically required a large amount of clean training data. ATC environments are noisy and acquiring labeled data is a difficult, expertise dependent task. This thesis attempts to …
Effects Of Cell-Cell Signaling On Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanosensing And Adaptation To Dynamic Material, Matthew E. Lowe
Effects Of Cell-Cell Signaling On Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanosensing And Adaptation To Dynamic Material, Matthew E. Lowe
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research is to identify the role of engineered cell-cell signals on how cells sense material properties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult cells whose behavior is regulated by matrix mechanosensing, which is characterized by stiffness-dependent changes in cell shape and the nuclear localization of mechano-transducer proteins including YAP (Yes-associated Protein). MSC area and nuclear YAP translocation increase with increasing stiffness, and although low levels of N-cadherin-based cell-cell signaling reduce this effect, two fundamental questions remain: (1) do engineered cell-cell signals at higher concentrations further reduce matrix mechanosensing, and (2) does N-cadherin signaling affect MSC adaptation to …
A Broad Spectrum Defense Against Adversarial Examples, Sean Mcguire
A Broad Spectrum Defense Against Adversarial Examples, Sean Mcguire
Theses and Dissertations
Machine learning models are increasingly employed in making critical decisions across a wide array of applications. As our dependence on these models increases, it is vital to recognize their vulnerability to malicious attacks from determined adversaries. In response to these adversarial attacks, new defensive mechanisms have been developed to ensure the security of machine learning models and the accuracy of the decisions they make. However, many of these mechanisms are reactionary, designed to defend specific models against a known specific attack or family of attacks. This reactionary approach does not generalize to future "yet to be developed" attacks. In this …
A Deep Learning Approach For Airport Runway Identification From Satellite Imagery, Mahmut Gemici
A Deep Learning Approach For Airport Runway Identification From Satellite Imagery, Mahmut Gemici
Theses and Dissertations
The United States lacks a comprehensive national database of private Prior Permission Required (PPR) airports. The primary reason such a database does not exist is that there are no federal regulatory obligations for these facilities to have their information re-evaluated or updated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) or the local state Department of Transportation (DOT) once the data has been entered into the system. The often outdated and incorrect information about landing sites presents a serious risk factor in aviation safety. In this thesis, we present a machine learning approach for detecting airport landing sites from Google Earth satellite …
The Role Of Small Gtpases In Regulating Blood-Brain Barrier Mechanotransduction, Brandon Jude Deore
The Role Of Small Gtpases In Regulating Blood-Brain Barrier Mechanotransduction, Brandon Jude Deore
Theses and Dissertations
Fluid shear stress is an important mediator of vascular permeability, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of shear on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have yet to be clarified in cerebral vasculature despite its importance for brain homeostasis.. Neurological symptoms including the formation of microclots, stroke, and other neurological pathologies associated with changes in cerebral blood flow are hallmarks of BBB dysfunction. The in vitro model used in this dissertation is compatible with real-time measurement of barrier function using a transendothelial electrical resistance as well as immunocytochemistry and dextran permeability assays. These experiments reveal that there is a threshold level …
Bioengineered Scaffolds To Induce Alignment And Promote Axon Regeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury, Kiet Anh Tran
Bioengineered Scaffolds To Induce Alignment And Promote Axon Regeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury, Kiet Anh Tran
Theses and Dissertations
Scaffolds delivered to injured spinal cords to stimulate axon connectivity often act as a bridge to stimulate regeneration at the injured area, but current approaches lack the permissiveness, topology and mechanics to mimic host tissue properties. This dissertation focuses on bioengineering scaffolds through the means of altering topology in injectables and tuning mechanics in 3D-printed constructs as potential therapies for spinal cord injury repair. A self-assembling peptide scaffold, RADA-16I, is used due to its established permissiveness to axon growth and ability to support vascularization. Immunohistochemistry assays verify that vascularized peptide scaffolds promote axon infiltration, attenuate inflammation and reduce astrogliosis. Furthermore, …
Ethanol-Induced Impacts On Nervous System Development And Dopamine Transporter Characterization In Schmidtea Mediterranea Planaria, Brennen Covely
Ethanol-Induced Impacts On Nervous System Development And Dopamine Transporter Characterization In Schmidtea Mediterranea Planaria, Brennen Covely
Theses and Dissertations
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are diagnosed in 2-5% of newborns, but the biology underlying FASD is poorly understood and challenging to study with existing model organisms. A new model for FASD research is Schmidtea mediterranea (Smed) planaria. Smed have a remarkable ability to regenerate their central nervous system (CNS), and possess a well-studied, simple genome. Previous studies have shown that ethanol exposure delays this regeneration, yet this relationship is not fully understood. Here, we show that alcohol exposure affects Smed in a dose-dependent manner, eliciting characteristic withdrawal-like behaviors and impacting cognitive function. Interestingly, prior exposure does not alter subsequent …
Detection Of Rotorcraft Landing Sites: An Ai-Based Approach, Abdullah Nasir
Detection Of Rotorcraft Landing Sites: An Ai-Based Approach, Abdullah Nasir
Theses and Dissertations
The updated information about the location and type of rotorcraft landing sites is an essential asset for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Department of Transportation (DOT). However, acquiring, verifying, and regularly updating information about landing sites is not straightforward. The lack of current and correct information about landing sites is a risk factor in several rotorcraft accidents and incidents. The current FAA database of rotorcraft landing sites contains inaccurate and missing entries due to the manual updating process. There is a need for an accurate and automated validation tool to identify landing sites from satellite imagery. This thesis …
Electro-Mechanical Data Fusion For Heart Health Monitoring, Kemal Yakut
Electro-Mechanical Data Fusion For Heart Health Monitoring, Kemal Yakut
Theses and Dissertations
Heart disease is a major public health problem and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Therefore, cardiac monitoring is of great importance for the early detection and prevention of adverse conditions. Recently, there has been extensive research interest in long-term, continuous, and non-invasive cardiac monitoring using wearable technology. Here we introduce a wearable device for monitoring heart health. This prototype consists of three sensors to monitor electrocardiogram (ECG), phonocardiogram (PCG), and seismocardiogram (SCG) signals, integrated with a microcontroller module with Bluetooth wireless connectivity. We also created a custom printed circuit board (PCB) to integrate all the sensors into …
Development Of Software Tools For Efficient And Sustainable Process Development And Improvement, Jake P. Stengel
Development Of Software Tools For Efficient And Sustainable Process Development And Improvement, Jake P. Stengel
Theses and Dissertations
Infrastructure is a key component in the well-being of our society that leads to its growth, development, and productive operations. A well-built infrastructure allows the community to be more competitive and promotes economic advancement. In 2021, the ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) ranked the American infrastructure as substandard, with an overall grade of C-. The overall ranking suffers when key infrastructure categories are not maintained according to the needs of the population. Therefore, there is a need to consider alternative methods to improve our infrastructure and make it more sustainable to enhance the overall grade. One of the challenges …
Augmenting Heads-Up Displays With Intelligent Agents: A Human Factors Approach, Grant Edward Morfitt
Augmenting Heads-Up Displays With Intelligent Agents: A Human Factors Approach, Grant Edward Morfitt
Theses and Dissertations
Situational awareness, both tactical and strategic, is essential for humans engaged in complex tasks in civilian and military theaters of operation. Previous work has shown that heads-up displays are effective tools for providing critical information to operators in such situations. Hitherto, heads-up displays have been designed to relay instrument and sensor information to the operator in a topical, timely, and accurate manner. There is a large body of complementary work in the area of human factors that deals with presenting information to a user without detracting from the primary mission. This thesis investigates, measures, and validates the effectiveness of a …
Biomimetic Strategies To Control Therapeutic Release From Novel Dna Nanoparticles, Robert J. Mosley
Biomimetic Strategies To Control Therapeutic Release From Novel Dna Nanoparticles, Robert J. Mosley
Theses and Dissertations
The inherent chemical, mechanical, and structural properties of nucleic acids make them ideal candidates for the formulation of tunable, personalized drug nanocarriers. However, none so far have exploited these properties for the controlled release of therapeutic drugs. In this dissertation, a biomimetic approach to controlling drug release is exhibited by specifically manipulating the architecture of novel, DNA nanoparticles to take advantage of drug binding mechanisms of action. Rationally designed DNA strands were immobilized on gold surfaces via a terminal thiol modification. Immobilized monomers can be manipulated to form distinct monolayer architectures including flat, folded, coiled, or stretched structures. Increasing the …
Laboratory Assessement Of Emulsion-Cement Paste And Cold Recycled Mixtures At Varying Amounts Of Emulsion, Cement, And Water, Ahmed Saidi
Theses and Dissertations
The main objective of this study was to assess the performance of cold recycled mixtures (CRMs) at: (1) binder level through evaluating the rheological and mechanical properties of emulsion-cement paste (ECP), and (2) mix level through characterizing the density and performance of CRMs. The testing program for ECPs included multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), linear amplitude sweep (LAS), penetration test, and isothermal calorimetry. For CRMs, a balanced mix design (BMD) approach was used to develop performance interaction charts to select optimum contents of emulsion, cement, and water maximizing the resistance of CRMs to rutting and cracking. …
Design And Control Of Modular Soft Robotic Actuators With Architected Structures, Nicholas Pagliocca
Design And Control Of Modular Soft Robotic Actuators With Architected Structures, Nicholas Pagliocca
Theses and Dissertations
Soft robotic systems composed of highly compliant materials offer unparalleled advantages compared to rigid-body systems in applications such as fragile material handling and human-machine interactions. Often, their motions are prescribed by structural anisotropy and reinforcement materials to directionally limit motion. The continuum motion and non-linear material response intrinsic to soft robotics makes their design, modeling, and control a formidable challenge for engineers. Leveraging the deformation driven response of soft robotic actuators, highly versatile compliant architected structures whose local deformations dictate global material response can be integrated into soft robotic actuators for tunable mechanical responses. In this thesis, flexible center-symmetric perforated …
Experimental Characterization And Manufacture Of Polymer Nanocomposite Dielectric Coatings For High-Temperature Superconductor Applications, Jacob Ryan Mahon
Experimental Characterization And Manufacture Of Polymer Nanocomposite Dielectric Coatings For High-Temperature Superconductor Applications, Jacob Ryan Mahon
Theses and Dissertations
Increased implementation of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power transmission has the potential to revolutionize the efficiency of electrical grids and help unlock a fully electric transportation infrastructure. Realizing the benefits of HTS systems has been impeded by a lack of available dielectric insulation materials that can 1) withstand the extreme cryogenic operating environment of superconductors and 2) demonstrate low temperature processing that is compatible with existing superconductor manufacturing methods. Solving this problem necessitates a high-performance dielectric material with multifunctional properties specifically suited for operation in HTS systems. A polyamide and silicon dioxide (PA/SiO2) nanocomposite material with exceptional thermal stability has been …
Bio-Ionic Liquid Functionalized Hydrogels Towards Smart Tissue Regeneration, Vaishali Krishnadoss
Bio-Ionic Liquid Functionalized Hydrogels Towards Smart Tissue Regeneration, Vaishali Krishnadoss
Theses and Dissertations
A blend of scaffolds, biologically active molecules, and cells are required to assemble functional constructs to repair and regenerate damaged tissue or organ via tissue engineering. The scaffold supports cell growth and proliferation and acts as a medium for diverse cellular activities. Even though hydrogel's high-water content and flexible nature make it a pronounced applicant as a scaffold, they exhibit significant technical limitations such as the absence of cell-binding motifs, lack of oxygen, conductivity, adhesive properties, growth of cells in a 3-dimensional (3D) microenvironment. In this thesis, a novel material platform is evaluated and studied to address the concerns mentioned …