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Articles 61 - 90 of 96
Full-Text Articles in Ethics and Political Philosophy
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
托马斯·墨子刻 (ThomasA. Metzger) 指出, 中国政治思想的解释者们必须在两个目标之 间取得一种平衡: 对背景和文化连续性的强调, 以及对批判性反思和真理的强调。通过与他的著作和方 法论的对话, 本文展开了两个主要的论点。首先, 笔者认为从罗伯特·布兰登 (RobertBrandom) 那里 借用来的一种理解 “话语”(discourse) 和 “约定”(commitment) 的方式比墨子刻自己的方法论更为成 功地应对了他所提出的可贵目标 。其次 , 笔者区分了比较研究中的两种策略 , 也即对 “包容性背景 ” (inclusive context) 的强调以及对 “分化”(disaggregation) 的强调。文章建议, 必须谨慎地运用我通过 “分化”所标识的方法, 人们应当始终清楚地意识到墨子刻所极力向我们表明的主张, 进而掌握比较哲
学 的 “分 化 ”这 一 方 法 论 策 略.
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
托马斯·墨子刻 (ThomasA. Metzger) 指出, 中国政治思想的解释者们必须在两个目标之 间取得一种平衡: 对背景和文化连续性的强调, 以及对批判性反思和真理的强调。通过与他的著作和方 法论的对话, 本文展开了两个主要的论点。首先, 笔者认为从罗伯特·布兰登 (RobertBrandom) 那里 借用来的一种理解 “话语”(discourse) 和 “约定”(commitment) 的方式比墨子刻自己的方法论更为成 功地应对了他所提出的可贵目标 。其次 , 笔者区分了比较研究中的两种策略 , 也即对 “包容性背景 ” (inclusive context) 的强调以及对 “分化”(disaggregation) 的强调。文章建议, 必须谨慎地运用我通过 “分化”所标识的方法, 人们应当始终清楚地意识到墨子刻所极力向我们表明的主张, 进而掌握比较哲
学 的 “分 化 ”这 一 方 法 论 策 略.
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
托马斯·墨子刻 (ThomasA. Metzger) 指出, 中国政治思想的解释者们必须在两个目标之 间取得一种平衡: 对背景和文化连续性的强调, 以及对批判性反思和真理的强调。通过与他的著作和方 法论的对话, 本文展开了两个主要的论点。首先, 笔者认为从罗伯特·布兰登 (RobertBrandom) 那里 借用来的一种理解 “话语”(discourse) 和 “约定”(commitment) 的方式比墨子刻自己的方法论更为成 功地应对了他所提出的可贵目标 。其次 , 笔者区分了比较研究中的两种策略 , 也即对 “包容性背景 ” (inclusive context) 的强调以及对 “分化”(disaggregation) 的强调。文章建议, 必须谨慎地运用我通过 “分化”所标识的方法, 人们应当始终清楚地意识到墨子刻所极力向我们表明的主张, 进而掌握比较哲
学 的 “分 化 ”这 一 方 法 论 策 略.
Defining 'Virtue Ethics' And Exploring Virtues In A Comparative Context: Comments On Bryan W. Van Norden, Virtue Ethics And Confucianism In Early Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Bryan Van Norden’s new book, Virtue ethics and Consequentialism in Early Chinese Philosophy (Van Norden 2007; references to this book will be indicated with page numbers only) is impressive and learned, pursuing a number of inter-related objectives in its 412 pages. My task here is to reflect on the book’s objectives and to ask whether they are well-conceived and successfully accomplished. Van Norden’s book has enhanced my understanding and stimulated my thinking on many fronts; I hope, therefore, to take advantage of this forum to open up opportunities for further philosophical work that builds on the foundation Van Norden has …
Review Of John Makeham: Lost Soul- “Confucianism” In Contemporary Chinese Academic Discourse, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of John Makeham: Lost Soul- “Confucianism” In Contemporary Chinese Academic Discourse, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
There is little doubt that the wounds inflicted upon the body of traditional Confucianism by the end of China’s civil service exams in 1905, the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911, and the New Culture Movement that began in 1915 collectively proved fatal. With its body dead or dying, Confucians since the early twentieth century have been struggling to find a new body of practice that can host what the eminent historian Yu Ying-shih has referred to as Confucianism’s wandering soul. John Makeham’s Lost Soul: “Confucianism” in Contemporary Chinese Academic Discourse is an impressive investigation of these efforts over …
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
比较哲学中的分化, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
托马斯·墨子刻 (ThomasA. Metzger) 指出, 中国政治思想的解释者们必须在两个目标之 间取得一种平衡: 对背景和文化连续性的强调, 以及对批判性反思和真理的强调。通过与他的著作和方 法论的对话, 本文展开了两个主要的论点。首先, 笔者认为从罗伯特·布兰登 (RobertBrandom) 那里 借用来的一种理解 “话语”(discourse) 和 “约定”(commitment) 的方式比墨子刻自己的方法论更为成 功地应对了他所提出的可贵目标 。其次 , 笔者区分了比较研究中的两种策略 , 也即对 “包容性背景 ” (inclusive context) 的强调以及对 “分化”(disaggregation) 的强调。文章建议, 必须谨慎地运用我通过 “分化”所标识的方法, 人们应当始终清楚地意识到墨子刻所极力向我们表明的主张, 进而掌握比较哲
学 的 “分 化 ”这 一 方 法 论 策 略.
Defining 'Virtue Ethics' And Exploring Virtues In A Comparative Context: Comments On Bryan W. Van Norden, Virtue Ethics And Confucianism In Early Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Bryan Van Norden’s new book, Virtue ethics and Consequentialism in Early Chinese Philosophy (Van Norden 2007; references to this book will be indicated with page numbers only) is impressive and learned, pursuing a number of inter-related objectives in its 412 pages. My task here is to reflect on the book’s objectives and to ask whether they are well-conceived and successfully accomplished. Van Norden’s book has enhanced my understanding and stimulated my thinking on many fronts; I hope, therefore, to take advantage of this forum to open up opportunities for further philosophical work that builds on the foundation Van Norden has …
No Supreme Principle: Confucianism's Harmonization Of Multiple Values, Stephen C. Angle
No Supreme Principle: Confucianism's Harmonization Of Multiple Values, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
The present symposium is a reaction to one of the most stimulating debates that the Chinese philosophical community has seen in years. The vigorous challenges mounted by LIU Qingping prompted a wide-ranging and constructive conversation that has focused in four areas: first, the historical, contextual interpretation of classical Confucian teachings, and their strengths and weaknesses in that context; second, arguments about the continuing cultural influence of these Confucian orientations; third, methodological questions about the proper way to study and develop Chinese philosophy; fourth, more substantive argument about what sort of philosophy one ought to adopt today. As both an …
儒家人文主义与有根的全球哲, Stephen C. Angle
儒家人文主义与有根的全球哲, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
儒家传统有许多不同的维度,因此可以用不同的方式和目的来研究,乃至实践。在大多情 况中,进入儒家的不同途径间相互补充之处多于彼此冲突的地方。正如彭国祥教授最近指出的, 只要我们注意如何去界定术语,1儒家思想可被看作是兼有人本主义和宗教两方面的思想。本文 力求表明,我们也可以把儒家理解为一种仍富活力的哲学传统,可以与西方现代哲学进行建设 性对话。我的目的是要表明:像任何人本主义传统一样,儒家可以在保持自身独特性的同时, 进行跨文化交流。我相信,我们既可以不放弃我们独特传统,又可以相互交流,互相学习。
How Serious Is Our Divergence?, Stephen C. Angle
How Serious Is Our Divergence?, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Near the beginning of his magisterial A Cloud Across the Pacific, Thomas Metzger sums up what he calls his “paradoxical combination of reflexivity with cultural patterns” as follows:
This book is based on the premise that thinking about how to improve political life cannot be the product of either a closed cultural system or of reason as a uniform cognitive faculty with which all persons try to apprehend and reflect on objective realities or universal principles. Insisting that both dimensions are paradoxically combined in everyone’s thinking, I take issues with two groups — the Western scholars fascinated just with …
How Serious Is Our Divergence?, Stephen C. Angle
How Serious Is Our Divergence?, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Near the beginning of his magisterial A Cloud Across the Pacific, Thomas Metzger sums up what he calls his “paradoxical combination of reflexivity with cultural patterns” as follows:
This book is based on the premise that thinking about how to improve political life cannot be the product of either a closed cultural system or of reason as a uniform cognitive faculty with which all persons try to apprehend and reflect on objective realities or universal principles. Insisting that both dimensions are paradoxically combined in everyone’s thinking, I take issues with two groups — the Western scholars fascinated just with …
儒家人文主义与有根的全球哲, Stephen C. Angle
儒家人文主义与有根的全球哲, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
儒家传统有许多不同的维度,因此可以用不同的方式和目的来研究,乃至实践。在大多情 况中,进入儒家的不同途径间相互补充之处多于彼此冲突的地方。正如彭国祥教授最近指出的, 只要我们注意如何去界定术语,1儒家思想可被看作是兼有人本主义和宗教两方面的思想。本文 力求表明,我们也可以把儒家理解为一种仍富活力的哲学传统,可以与西方现代哲学进行建设 性对话。我的目的是要表明:像任何人本主义传统一样,儒家可以在保持自身独特性的同时, 进行跨文化交流。我相信,我们既可以不放弃我们独特传统,又可以相互交流,互相学习。
敬、礼、完美与现代政治哲学, Stephen C. Angle
敬、礼、完美与现代政治哲学, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
对于当代儒家政治哲学来说 ,敬 、礼和完美这三个相连成系的概念既是一种挑战 ,又是一种机遇 。作 为挑战 ,是因为批评家们认为这些思想应为儒家政治思想过去的失败与现在的不相关性负主要的责任 ;但是 , 如果这些概念能够通过面对挑战并对批评家们的批评进行回应的方式来理解 ,那么 ,这将给儒学提供一个机 会 ,使之在世界政治哲学的对话中作出重大的贡献 。文章通过对陈素芬和墨子刻的批评的回应 ,以面对这种 挑战并试图寻找存在的机遇 。这两位思想家都不承认那种一般认为是能够表现儒家政治思想特色的完美主 义 。但是 ,这两个人同时被吸引到一种能够使人坚定向前的态度 ,这种态度有时被他们称为“信仰”。文章认 为 ,人们可以在一种开放的 、易谬主义的角度去理解儒学对完美的承诺 ,完美的这层含义可以构成敬的观念的 基 础 , 而 敬 正 好 符 合 两 位 批 评 者 所 感 受 到 的 对 某 种“ 信 仰 ”的 需 要 。 完 美 和 敬 可 以 帮 助 我 们 说 明 为 什 么 儒 学 十 分敏锐地坚持把礼作为我们政治生活的核心 。
Review Of Frisina: The Unity Of Knowledge And Action, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Frisina: The Unity Of Knowledge And Action, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Readers of this journal will find Warren G. Frisina’s The Unity of Knowledge and Action fresh and exciting for at least two reasons. First, it is an exemplary foray in global philosophy — that is, philosophy undertaken with an openness to the perspectives and contributions of philosophical traditions from around the globe. It goes beyond simple comparisons to engage in cross-cultural philosophical construction. Indeed, Frisina writes that “the very idea for this book was inspired by the philosophy underlying the Neo-Confucian scholar Wang Yangming’s famous slogan zhi xing he yi (the unity of knowledge and action)” [4].ii Second, the …
挑战和谐：儒家和谐观的辩证与诠释, Stephen C. Angle
合宜的民主集中制, Stephen C. Angle
合宜的民主集中制, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
时下流行的观点是把中国的社会和政治说成是“转型”中的社会和政治,即在通往民主 化的道路上,中国正处于复杂和不稳定的阶段,而且把自由民主制度看作是其最终的目标。本文将围绕 协商法律和多元主义对此展开讨论,探讨民主集中制的合法性。
Review Of Woodruff: Ritual And Reverence, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Woodruff: Ritual And Reverence, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
It is a sad commonplace that works in moral philosophy rarely do much to make their readers more moral. Unusually gifted classroom teachers can sometimes make a difference in students' lives, though, and now and again there appears a piece of philosophical writing that makes a similar impact. Paul Woodruff has written an extraordinary book that has a chance of joining this select company. Reverence: Renewing a Forgotten Virtue wears its scholarship and philosophy lightly; in addi- tion to lucid exposition and argument, it employs anecdotes, readings of a range of poems, and in one chapter a question-and-answer format in …
Review Of Woodruff: Ritual And Reverence, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Woodruff: Ritual And Reverence, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
It is a sad commonplace that works in moral philosophy rarely do much to make their readers more moral. Unusually gifted classroom teachers can sometimes make a difference in students' lives, though, and now and again there appears a piece of philosophical writing that makes a similar impact. Paul Woodruff has written an extraordinary book that has a chance of joining this select company. Reverence: Renewing a Forgotten Virtue wears its scholarship and philosophy lightly; in addi- tion to lucid exposition and argument, it employs anecdotes, readings of a range of poems, and in one chapter a question-and-answer format in …
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Decent Democratic Centralism, Stephen C. Angle
Decent Democratic Centralism, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Are there any coherent and defensible alternatives to liberal democracy? The author examines the possibility that a reformed democratic centralism-the principle around which China's cur- rent polity is officially organized-might be legitimate, according to both an inside and an out- side perspective. The inside perspective builds on contemporary Chinese political theory; the outside perspective critically deploys Rawls's notion ofa "decent society " as its standard. Along the way, the authorpays particular attention to the kinds and degree ofpluralism a decent society can countenance, and to the specific institutions in China that might enable the realization of a genuine and/or decent …
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
In what is probably the most famous description of a sage in all of Chinese philosophy, the Analects tells us that when Confucius reached the age of seventy, he was able to “follow his heart’s desire without overstepping the bounds” (Analects 2.4). It seems that Confucius came to be able to act properly without even trying. Now one might well suspect that at least some of the time, acting properly is easy for most of us. When not faced with a difficult choice or temptation, perhaps we get along fine. The Analects is nonetheless making a very strong claim, even …
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Randy Peerenboom has paid me the enormous compliment of thinking it worthwhile to engage in sustained, critical dialogue with my book. In this response to his review essay, I attempt to return the compliment. I focus on issues surrounding concepts and communication, since that is where Peerenboom puts his emphasis. Near the end, I look at what is at stake in our discussions of Raz, touch on the question of judgments and objectivity, and close with some thoughts about the relevance of history to my goals in the book.
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Is political participation a human right? If so, in what form and to what degree? One answer to these questions is that everyone has the human right to participate in universal, free, and fair elections for the country’s leaders — as well as the rights to organize political parties, to run for election, to express political views, and so on. This answer is suggested by Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,1 and explicitly supported by the influential American philosopher Alan Gewirth [Gewirth 1978, p. 309]. If we are persuaded to accept this answer, then there looks to …
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of John Makeham: New Confucianism - A Critical Examination, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
At the heart of New Confucianism: A Critical Examination is a question of definition: How should we understand the contested notion of “New Confucianism”? Is it a matter of genealogy, philosophical doctrine, political orientation, or personal experience? Does it matter in what terms individuals identified themselves or whether they saw themselves as part of a shared intellectual movement? Who, ultimately, gets to answer these questions? Of course there is much more in the essays than these questions — including, most notably, astute analyses of several philosophers’ ideas, thought-provoking reflection on some of the roles played by Buddhism in modern Chinese …
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Sagely Ease And Moral Perception, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
In what is probably the most famous description of a sage in all of Chinese philosophy, the Analects tells us that when Confucius reached the age of seventy, he was able to “follow his heart’s desire without overstepping the bounds” (Analects 2.4). It seems that Confucius came to be able to act properly without even trying. Now one might well suspect that at least some of the time, acting properly is easy for most of us. When not faced with a difficult choice or temptation, perhaps we get along fine. The Analects is nonetheless making a very strong claim, even …
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Concepts, Communication And Relevance Of Philosophy To Human Rights: A Reply To Peerenboom, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Randy Peerenboom has paid me the enormous compliment of thinking it worthwhile to engage in sustained, critical dialogue with my book. In this response to his review essay, I attempt to return the compliment. I focus on issues surrounding concepts and communication, since that is where Peerenboom puts his emphasis. Near the end, I look at what is at stake in our discussions of Raz, touch on the question of judgments and objectivity, and close with some thoughts about the relevance of history to my goals in the book.
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Must We Choose Our Leaders? Human Rights And Political Participation In China, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Is political participation a human right? If so, in what form and to what degree? One answer to these questions is that everyone has the human right to participate in universal, free, and fair elections for the country’s leaders — as well as the rights to organize political parties, to run for election, to express political views, and so on. This answer is suggested by Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,1 and explicitly supported by the influential American philosopher Alan Gewirth [Gewirth 1978, p. 309]. If we are persuaded to accept this answer, then there looks to …
Review Of Cheng And Bunin: Contemporary Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Cheng And Bunin: Contemporary Chinese Philosophy, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
This handsome volume encompasses sixteen essays on leading twentieth-century Chinese philosophers, all specifically written for the collection, as well as an introduction by Bunin and a preface plus two essays (one on more recent trends, the other an over-all interpretation) by Cheng. Each of the main selections includes a bibliography listing the subject’s main works and important studies on the subject, as well as a list of ten discussion questions. The thoughtful design of the collection makes it clear that its goals go beyond simply conveying information: in Bunin’s words, it aims to furnish “a platform for further investigation and …
Pluralism In Practice, Stephen C. Angle
Pluralism In Practice, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Imagine an Aristotelian giving money away to a poor person. He judges his own action to be magnanimous. If a Confucian were to observe this action, though, he might conclude that the Aristotelian had violated socio-ethical norms, or li. Assuming that other Confucians agreed, the Aristotelian’s conduct could be held up as a negative example to be used in teaching young Confucians. In and of itself, however, the Confucian’s judgment would give the Aristotelian no reason to change his conduct, since “lacking in li” is not a category in the language by which he judges conduct. This begins to suggest …
Review Of Cua - Moral Vision And Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Review Of Cua - Moral Vision And Tradition, Stephen C. Angle
Stephen C. Angle
Antonio Cua is a prolific author, with four books and some fifty articles to his credit. For all that, he is not as widely cited, nor as widely read, as several of his contemporaries or juniors in the field of Chinese philosophy. There are at least two reasons for this comparative neglect. First, his writing is often dense and technical, and his essays weighed down by references to others of his writings wherein, one is told, concepts relied on in the current essay are more carefully explained. Second, Cua’s methodology may be off-putting to some. He is upfront about working …