Editor's Comments,
2025
Oregon College of Education
Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher
The Geographical Bulletin
Gamma Theta Upsilon prospers. This is written after the recent board meeting held at the Association of American Geographers' convention in Salt Lake City. We had eleven in attendance at the board meeting . including two student representatives. It was a productive session. Among other things, plans are getting underway for the celebration of our 50th anniversary. It is a milestone year. It is always good to see students at our meetings, one of which is held in the spring at the time of the A.A.G. Annual meeting. The other is held in the fall at the time of the …
A Survey Of Sampling Methods For Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Addressing Bias Induced By Random Sampling,
2025
Air Force Institute of Technology
A Survey Of Sampling Methods For Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Addressing Bias Induced By Random Sampling, Kevin T. Decker, Brett J. Borghetti
Faculty Publications
Identified as early as 2000, the challenges involved in developing and assessing remote sensing models with small datasets remain, with one key issue persisting: the misuse of random sampling to generate training and testing data. This practice often introduces a high degree of correlation between the sets, leading to an overestimation of model generalizability. Despite the early recognition of this problem, few researchers have investigated its nuances or developed effective sampling techniques to address it. Our survey highlights that mitigation strategies to reduce this bias remain underutilized in practice, distorting the interpretation and comparison of results across the field. In …
Urban Heat Islands Across Major U.S. Cities: The Relationship Between Surface Temperature & Socioeconomic Status,
2025
Brigham Young University - Provo
Urban Heat Islands Across Major U.S. Cities: The Relationship Between Surface Temperature & Socioeconomic Status, Sarah Irish, Eliza Hammari, Megan Green
FHSS Mentored Research Conference
The urban heat island (UHI) effect is a geospatial phenomenon prevalent across major U.S. cities which has significant implications for public health, energy consumption, and environmental quality. To better understand the impacts of UHI on various communities, we analyzed the correlation between surface heat temperatures and median household income across five large cities and three urban climates (arid, humid, and tropical) in the U.S.. We gathered data from the U.S. Census Bureau and other sources to create maps using ArcGIS Pro. Based on the maps and statistical analysis, UHI intensity is correlated with socioeconomic status. Further research is recommended to …
Cover And Forewords,
2025
Eastern Michigan University
Volume 18 Complete Issue,
2025
Eastern Michigan University
Volume 18 Complete Issue, Robert W. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
Volume 18 Complete Issue
A Method For Describing The Problem Of Physician Distrbution In Rural Areasralph Ekwall,
2025
University of Nebraska
A Method For Describing The Problem Of Physician Distrbution In Rural Areasralph Ekwall, Ralph Ekwall
The Geographical Bulletin
In recent years much attention has been given to the problem of physician shortage and physician maldistribution. The first is controversial and not all the experts believe that it exists except as a part of the maldistribution problem. There is a fundamental agreement that a problem of maldistribution exists. The general nature of the problem is that physicians are distributed too densely in small cities and large city suburbs and too sparsely in the inner city and rural areas. It is not the intent of this presentation to offer a solution to the problem, but to offer a method for …
The Evaluation Of Four Time Intervals Applied To A Synoptic Weather Situation In The United State,
2025
Western Illinois University
The Evaluation Of Four Time Intervals Applied To A Synoptic Weather Situation In The United State, Fred E. Kohle
The Geographical Bulletin
synoptic meteorology almost always utilize the easily acquired National Weather Service weekly series of daily weather maps, issued every 24 hours at 7 A.M. eastern standard time (E.S.T.). These daily surface maps provide students with weather data from hundreds of weather stations in the continental United States. Students can use each map to compare and contrast weather patterns affecting several different parts of the country. A sequence of these daily maps allows students to attempt general weather forecasting using well-known weather relationships associated with the model middle latitude cyclone. They can then evaluate their forecasts by referring to the next …
Application Of 700 Millibar Synotic Climatology To Drought Analysis,
2025
University of Saskatch
Application Of 700 Millibar Synotic Climatology To Drought Analysis, B. Dey
The Geographical Bulletin
Large areas of the earth's surface experience occasional climatic fluctuations. Such fluctuations, integral to the weather system, often lead to drought or flood, and this influences crop production and commodity prices. Drought is a contributor to economic, social, and, on occasion, even political instability in both commercial and subsistence agricultural economics. Particularly affected are areas such as India, China, parts of Europe, and the American Great Plains which include the Canadian "Prairies". Because of its dominantly agricultural economy, and because of its location well within a zone of frequent drought, the Canadian Prairies section has been selected for study. Past …
Diffusion Of The Decision To Drain Agricultural Land In Delaware County, Indiana,
2025
Kent State University
Diffusion Of The Decision To Drain Agricultural Land In Delaware County, Indiana, T. Silas Kasambira, Jr.
The Geographical Bulletin
The amount and quality of land are vital production factors in agriculture. In some Indiana counties, the agricultural land resource base is limited by the presence of excess water. The decision to drain potential agricultural land in Delaware County, Indiana, and the subsequent diffusion of that innovation has increased the amount and quality of land available for agriculture. Draining agricultural land is a practice which began in the eastern United States and diffused rapidly across the country during the 1800's. The practice was introduced into northern Indiana, which has a great deal of flat, marshy terrain as early as 1850. …
Editor's Comments,
2025
Oregon College of Education
Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher
The Geographical Bulletin
Whoops! Much to my surprise Volume 17 was not to be my last issue. This one is. Well, even though time has passed, my comments regarding our new Editor, Robert Ward, still apply. Please give him your support. Although his health did not allow him to be with us, I am pleased that GTU honored Dr. Buzzard on the 50th anniversary of the Society. Dr. Buzzard died this past summer and following this series of comments is Dr. Buzzard's last correspondence to GTU. I hope we will not forget his efforts to found our society; an effort which has been …
Jonas Wenger Hoover - 1889-1979 Dr. Commeaux,
2025
Arizona State University
Jonas Wenger Hoover - 1889-1979 Dr. Commeaux, Malcolm Commeaux
The Geographical Bulletin
Jonas Wenger Hoover, a faculty member at Arizona State University from 1924 to 1943 died recently at the age of 90. His life was somewhat like a roller coaster, reaching highs and lows; for the first half of his life he was considered a gifted, intelligent, and well-rounded man, and he was highly regarded as an author and teacher, but for much of his life he lived in obscurity and near the bottom of society. He is a forgotten man today, but his life can be a lesson to us all. Mr. Hoover was considered gifted in several respects. He …
Social Gaps & Urban Divides: How Social Factors Shape Economic Disadvantage In American Cities,
2025
Brigham Young University
Social Gaps & Urban Divides: How Social Factors Shape Economic Disadvantage In American Cities, Parker J. Peterson, Ruth Kerry
FHSS Mentored Research Conference
This research examines the relationship between nonmarriage, education, and socioeconomic disadvantage across census tracts in Boston, Los Angeles, and Salt Lake City. Statistical analyses reveal significant differences in never-married proportions between cities, with strong correlations between nonmarriage and community disadvantage. Even when controlling for other factors, nonmarriage remains a significant predictor of disadvantage, though spatial regression shows education is the strongest predictor in Boston.
Community Land Governance In Liberia: Implications For Tenure Security And Land Concessions,
2025
University of Denver
Community Land Governance In Liberia: Implications For Tenure Security And Land Concessions, Julia R. Entwistle, Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong
Geography and the Environment: Faculty Scholarship
Throughout rural Africa, the intersection of customary traditions and statutory governance has often led to overlapping jurisdictions and conflicts over community land rights. In Liberia, this dynamic is particularly evident in the rise of commercial land concessions. This article examines the Liberian government’s approach to community land rights and its impacts on land tenure security, especially in the context of these concessions. This study employs a discourse analysis of Liberian land use policies alongside qualitative data from in-depth interviews with community members living near large-scale plantations. Despite historical erosion of community land rights, Liberian communities have adapted statutory frameworks to …
Prenatal Exposure To Pm2.5 Concentration And Risk Of Preterm Birth In New Mexico; A Seasonal Pattern And Spatio-Temporal Modeling.,
2025
University of New Mexico - Main Campus
Prenatal Exposure To Pm2.5 Concentration And Risk Of Preterm Birth In New Mexico; A Seasonal Pattern And Spatio-Temporal Modeling., Onyedikachi J. Okeke
Mathematics & Statistics ETDs
This study investigates the association between prenatal PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth risk in New Mexico (2014–2021). Using descriptive statistics, time series models, and spatial analyses, findings show an average preterm birth rate of 14.87 per 1,000 live births, with moderate correlation (r = 0.727) between PM2.5 levels and very preterm births. While traditional models revealed no significant global effect, spatial methods such as Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multiscale GWR uncovered strong spatial heterogeneity. PM2.5 effects varied by county (coefficients: -0.00154 to 0.00150), with clustering evident in 2018–2019 (Moran’s I = 0.155–0.174). Results highlight the limitations of global models …
No. 39: Considering The Migration And Food Security Nexus In African Cities,
2025
Wilfrid Laurier University
No. 39: Considering The Migration And Food Security Nexus In African Cities, Jonathan Crush, Zack Ahmed
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
International migration and food security are still treated as separate policy and research domains, yet they are deeply intertwined in the African urban context. This paper unbundles the nexus between migration and urban food security by examining how migrants and refugees navigate food systems, cope with vulnerabilities, and deploy resilience strategies to mitigate food insecurity. As rapid urbanization reshapes African cities, migrants are becoming actors in informal food economies, both as consumers and vendors. However, economic exclusion, weak social protection, and precarity often expose them to heightened food insecurity. The paper explores how migrant food security is shaped by urban …
No. 38: Informal Female Food Vendors, Covid-19, And Post-Pandemic Recovery In Kisumu, Kenya,
2025
Wilfrid Laurier University
No. 38: Informal Female Food Vendors, Covid-19, And Post-Pandemic Recovery In Kisumu, Kenya, Silvia A. Odhiambo, Patrick Mbullo Owuor, Doreen Obondo, Janet Anyango Onyango, Joyce Kiplagat, Elizabeth Onyango
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
While there is substantial literature on the effects of COVID-19 on formal businesses, limited evidence exists on the impacts of the pandemic on informal female-owned enterprises. Additionally, no studies have explored the role of post-pandemic recovery strategies in meeting the unique challenges experienced by the informal food vendors in secondary cities in the Global South. In this paper, we explore the impacts of COVID-19 and the post-pandemic recovery strategies on female informal food vendors in Kisumu, the third largest city in the western region of Kenya. The study adopted qualitative methods – in-depth and key informant interviews and focus group …
No. 37: Harnessing Diaspora Finance For Climate Resilience In Africa,
2025
Wilfrid Laurier University
No. 37: Harnessing Diaspora Finance For Climate Resilience In Africa, Eunice Annan-Aggrey
Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network
As climate change accelerates, the costs of adaptation are rising sharply. This escalation comes at a time when financial inflows to developing countries – such as official development assistance and foreign direct investment – are declining. Meanwhile, the global political climate is becoming unfavourable to sustained climate financing commitments. In this context, the role of remittances in supporting climate adaptation and mitigation in developing countries has attracted growing interest. This paper broadens the lens to examine diaspora finance more holistically, encompassing not only remittances but also diaspora investments and knowledge transfer. It explores the potential of these various diaspora finance …
The Landowner As Change Agent In Rural Modernization: An Ecuadorean Example,
2025
Kennesaw State University
The Landowner As Change Agent In Rural Modernization: An Ecuadorean Example, Gene N. Franckowiak
The Geographical Bulletin
In an era of impressive governmental and institutional support for rural modernization plans in developing countries, the privately financed, small-scale project can easily escape attention. A concentration of private funds and individual effort in small communities or single farms may occur for a variety of reasons ranging from humanitarian to pragmatic. Recognition may not be solicited if such gestures are designed to supplement existing law or correct difficult social problems in an environment of national political instability. Some landowners may react quite positively to highly localized problems to assure smoOlh functioning of agricultural systems where production is labor intensive. These …
News From Our Chapters By Michael L. Thaller,
2025
Eastern Michigan University
News From Our Chapters By Michael L. Thaller, Robert M. Ward
The Geographical Bulletin
This year marks the beginning of the inclusion of chapter news formerly included in the International Newsletter within an expanded BUlletin. Chapter news was selected to provide chapters with hopefully interesting, new or unusual ideas. Many chapters that reported full and active years, but did nothing particularly unique will not find their news reported here. The editor wishes to thank all those who submitted news items for the Newsletter and hopes that those who do not find their chapter's news here will not feel that this negatively reflects on what were in many cases active and successful yearly programs. Further …
Vertical And Horizontal Turbidity Variation Across Coral Reef Habitats In Derawan Island: An In-Depth Analysis Using Aaq Rinko Water Quality Profiler,
2025
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
Vertical And Horizontal Turbidity Variation Across Coral Reef Habitats In Derawan Island: An In-Depth Analysis Using Aaq Rinko Water Quality Profiler, Fajar Dwi Pamungkas, Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa, Supriatna Supriatna, Feby Efriana, Farida Ayu, Novi Adi Susetyo, Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan, Dino Gunawan, Mutia Kamalia Mukhtar, Kintan Maulidina, Muhammad Haidar
Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)
No abstract provided.
