Speech Pathology and Audiology Commons^™

Longitudinal Outcomes Of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions And Wideband Reflectance In Infants, Virginia Ramachandran

Wayne State University Dissertations

Clinical practice has shown that some infants are born with, or develop a temporary conductive hearing loss characterized by the absence of measurable otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) but normal sensorineural hearing. This transient situation interferes with the process of universal newborn hearing screening and identification.

The purpose of this prospective, longitudinal study was to describe outcomes of distortion product OAE (DPOAE) screening in infants at birth, and one, four, eight, and twelve weeks of age. In addition, wideband reflectance (WBR) measures, which have the potential to help characterize outer-ear canal and middle-ear function, were examined to determine their potential utility in …

A Comparison Of Adult- And Peer-Mediated Intervention For Autism: A Case Study, Maura Jones Moyle

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

This study examined the response of a young child with autism to two play-based intervention conditions: adult-mediated and peer-mediated. The client was five years old, demonstrated moderate-to-severe autism, and exhibited developmental functioning between the 14 to 34 month level. The peer-mediated condition, based on a modified Integrated Play Group approach, utilized a typically developing peer who was three years of age. The study utilized an ABAB alternating treatment design to compare the impact of the adult- and peer-mediated interventions. Results from the current study suggest that the adult-mediated intervention resulted in increased engagement and more sophisticated social-communicative behaviors than the …

Early Hearing Detection And Intervention: Diagnostic Hearing Assessment Practices, Karen F. Muñoz, Lauri H. Nelson, N. Goldgewicht, D. Odell

Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education Faculty Publications

Purpose

To gain an understanding of practice patterns for infant diagnostic hearing services at pediatric audiology facilities.

Method

The authors used a cross-sectional survey design. From August to November of 2009, surveys were mailed to 1,091 facilities in 28 states and the District of Columbia. One survey was completed per facility, and responses were anonymous.

Results

The return rate was 33% (356 surveys). The results revealed that the comprehensiveness of the test batteries used varied among facilities. Over half of the respondents, 146 (55%), reported using a limited test battery, 94 facilities reported using a comprehensive test battery but lacked …

Graduate Student Research Projects: A Path For Productive Research, Kerry Proctor-Williams, Jessica Fitzpatrick, Nicole Vaughn, Jessica Qualls, Angelica Wiggins

ETSU Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Vocational Experiences Of Survivors Of Severe Tbi With Diverse Employment Patterns: An Explanatory Mixed Method Design, Erin J. Bush

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Employment status is a salient outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI). A return to productive activity relates in complex ways to quality of life, and loss of employment competence has potentially devastating effects on survivors. Currently, inadequate information exists about the distribution of occupations held by survivors, post-injury employment stability, and the frequency that survivors return to their pre-injury occupations. The research presented herein addressed these issues. This study consisted of two phases. Through Phase 1, the researcher gathered quantitative employment data regarding a pool of 283 survivors of severe TBI. She then conducted telephone interviews of family members of …

Let's Talk Speech! Volume 4 Issue 1, Barbara T. Schmidt Ph.D.

Communication Sciences and Disorders Newsletter

Dear Friends, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all of you for your support as the Speech-Language Pathology Department continues to grow. The department would not be able to expand and flourish without the encouragement of the administrators, faculty, students, alumni and our affiliates and friends. This newsletter will keep you informed regarding our new faculty, our new SLP scholarship initiative, our first class of master’s students, as well as the efforts and activities of the Molloy College Chapter of the National Student Speech, Language and Hearing Association (NSSLHA). The Rising Star Scholarship was established in 2011 …

The Development Of A Neonatal Communication Intervention Tool, Esedra Strasheim, Alta Kritzinger, Brenda Louw

ETSU Faculty Works

Neonatal communication intervention is important in South Africa, which has an increased prevalence of infants born with risks for disabilities and where the majority of infants live in poverty. Local literature showed a dearth of information on the current service delivery and roles of speech-language therapists (SLTs) and audiologists in neonatal nurseries in the South African context. SLTs have the opportunity to provide the earliest intervention, provided that intervention is well-timed in the neonatal nursery context. The aim of the research was to compile a locally relevant neonatal communication intervention instrument/tool for use by SLTs in neonatal nurseries of public …

Effects Of Degree And Configuration Of Hearing Loss On The Contribution Of High- And Low-Frequency Speech Information To Bilateral Speech Understanding, Benjamin W. Y. Hornsby, Earl E. Johnson, Erin Picou

ETSU Faculty Works

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of degree and configuration of hearing loss on the use of, and benefit from, information in amplified high- and low-frequency speech presented in background noise.

Design: Sixty-two adults with a wide range of high- and low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (5 to 115+ dB HL) participated in the study. To examine the contribution of speech information in different frequency regions, speech understanding in noise was assessed in multiple low- and high-pass filter conditions, as well as a band-pass (713 to 3534 Hz) and wideband (143 to 8976 Hz) condition. To …

Grammatical Morphology In School-Age Children With And Without Language Impairment: A Discriminant Function Analysis, Maura Jones Moyle, Susan Ellis Weismer, Brenda K. Gorman

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test Bedore and Leonard's (1998) proposal that a verb morpheme composite may hold promise as a clinical marker for specific language impairment (SLI) in English speakers and serve as an accurate basis for the classification of children with and without SLI beyond the preschool level.

Method: The language transcripts of 50 school-age children with SLI (M_age = 7;9 [years;months]) and 50 age-matched typically developing peers (M_age = 7;9) were analyzed. Following the Bedore and Leonard (1998) procedure, 3 variables were measured: a finite verb morpheme composite, a noun …

Cleft Palate, Retrognathia And Congenital Heart Disease In Velo-Cardio-Facial Syndrome: A Phenotype Correlation Study, Marcia A. Friedman, Nathanial Miletta, Cheryl Roe, Dongliang Wang, Bernice Morrow, Wendy R. Kates, Anne Marie Higgins, Robert J. Shprintzen

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Objective: Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) is caused by a microdeletion of approximately 40 genes from one copy of chromosome 22. Expression of the syndrome is a variable combination of over 190 phenotypic characteristics. As of yet, little is known about how these phenotypes correlate with one another or whether there are predictable patterns of expression. Two of the most common phenotypic categories, congenital heart disease and cleft palate, have been proposed to have a common genetic relationship to the deleted T-box 1 gene (TBX1). The purpose of this study is to determine if congenital heart disease and cleft palate are correlated …

Objective Vs. Subjective Hearing Screening Measures In Schools, Brittany S. Brown

Doctoral Dissertations

The primary aim of this study was to demonstrate the need for objective hearing screening procedures within traditional school based hearing screenings through literature review. It is believed that objective hearing screenings would provide a better, less-invasive way to screen hearing with minimal participation required from the children, and less interpretation needed from the examiner. A review of the literature suggested that ideal screening measures would include otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and tympanometry. Currently, the gold standard for school hearing screenings, as described by the American Speech Language Hearing Association (ASHA) (1997), centers on behavioral responses observed by the examiner during …

Characterizing And Predicting Outcomes Of Communication Delays In Infants And Toddlers: Implications For Clinical Practice, Rhea Paul, Forma P. Roth

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Purpose: This article focuses on using currently available data to assist speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in making decisions regarding a child's eligibility and considerations for recommended "dosage" of early intervention (El) services. Method: Literature describing the characteristics of infants and toddlers who are likely recipients of El services was reviewed. Results: Current literature provides information that can be used to inform clinical decisions for infants and toddlers with established medical conditions, as well as those with risk factors, for oral language, communication, and subsequent literacy disabilities. This information is summarized. Conclusion: Extant literature suggests that El makes a critical difference in …

Sally J. Rogers And Geraldine Dawson: Review Of Early Start Denver Model For Young Children With Autism: Promoting Language, Learning And Engagement (Book Review), Rhea Paul

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Book review by Rhea Paul:

Rogers, Sally R. and Geraldine Dawson. Early Start Denver Model for Young Children with Autism: Promoting Language, Learning and Engagement. New York: Guilford Press, 2010. 9781606236321; 9781606234914 (pbk.)

Speaking Rate Effects On Normal Aspects Of Articulation: Outcomes And Issues, Jeffrey J. Berry

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

The articulatory effects of speaking rate have been a point of focus for a substantial literature in speech science. The normal aspects of speaking rate variation have influenced theories and models of speech production and perception in the literature pertaining to both normal and disordered speech. While the body of literature pertaining to the articulatory effects of speaking rate change is reasonably large, few speaker-general outcomes have emerged. The purpose of this paper is to review outcomes of the existing literature and address problems related to the study of speaking rate that may be germane to the recurring theme that …

Neuroanatomic Predictors To Prodromal Psychosis In Velocardiofacial Syndrome (22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome): A Longitudinal Study, Wendy R. Kates, Kevin M. Antshel, Stephen V. Faraone, Wanda Fremont, Anne Marie Higgins, Robert J. Shprintzen, Jo-Anna Botti, Lauren Kelchner, Christopher Mccarthy

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Background: Up to 30% of young adults with velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS; 22q11.2 deletion syndrome) develop schizophrenia or psychosis. Identifying the neuroanatomic trajectories that increase risk for psychosis in youth with this genetic disorder is of great interest. Methods: We acquired high-resolution anatomic MR images and measures of psychiatric function on 72 youth with VCFS, 26 unaffected siblings and 24 age-matched community controls at two timepoints, between late childhood (mean age, 11.9 years) and mid-adolescence (mean age, 15.1 years). Results: With the exception of cranial gray matter and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex, neuroanatomic trajectories in youth with VCFS were comparable to unaffected …

Perceptual And Acoustical Comparisons Of Motor Speech Practice Options For Children With Childhood Apraxia Of Speech, Amy Nordness

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) need intensive and accurate practice to establish an accurate motor plan and improve their speech production. Computer-led practice led to a greater quantity of practice and was preferred over parent-led practice. Further knowledge regarding children’s accuracy of speech during independent practice is needed to determine if computer-led practice is a viable practice tool. Twelve children diagnosed with CAS, between 3-0 and 7-11 years of age, participated in speech practice during computer-led, parent-led, and clinician-led practice. Comparisons of perceptual accuracy of consonants and vowels, acoustical accuracy of stops, vowels, and fricatives, and variability of …

Infants At Risk For Asd Show Aberrant Preferences For Speech At Six To Nine Months, Rhea Paul, Gerald Mcroberts, Katyrzyna Chawarska

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Purpose: To examine auditory preferences for speech stimuli in infants at risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder due to the presence of a diagnosed sibling.

Out Of The Mouths Of Babes: Vocal Production In Infant Siblings Of Children With Asd, Rhea Paul, Yael Fuerst, Gordon Ramsay, Kasia Chawarska, Ami Klin

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Background: Younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at higher risk for acquiring these disorders than the general population. Language development is usually delayed in children with ASD. The present study examines the development of pre-speech vocal behavior in infants at risk for ASD due to the presence of an older sibling with the disorder. Methods: Infants at high risk (HR) for ASD and those at low risk, without a diagnosed sibling (LR), were seen at 6, 9, and 12 months as part of a larger prospective study of risk for ASD in infant siblings. Standard clinical …

Temporal And Aerodynamic Aspects Of Velopharyngeal Coarticulation: Effects Of Age, Gender And Vowel Height, Fadwa Khwaileh

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Previous studies on the normal patterns of velopharyngeal coarticulation did not provide a multidimensional description of the phenomenon. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of age, gender and vowel height on the temporal and aerodynamic aspects of nasal airflow segments related to velar coarticulation in the normal speech of children and adults. A secondary objective was to determine the within speaker variability of the segments.

Speakers consisted of 20 children between the ages of 5 and 7 years, 20 children between 9 and 11 years and 20 adult speakers 18 years or older. Nasal and …

Effect Of Occlusion, Directionality And Age On Horizontal Localization, Lynzee Nicole Alworth

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Localization acuity of a given listener is dependent upon the ability discriminate between interaural time and level disparities. Interaural time differences are encoded by low frequency information whereas interaural level differences are encoded by high frequency information. Much research has examined effects of hearing aid microphone technologies and occlusion separately and prior studies have not evaluated age as a factor in localization acuity. Open-fit hearing instruments provide new earmold technologies and varying microphone capabilities; however, these instruments have yet to be evaluated with regard to horizontal localization acuity.

Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of …