Pituitary Gland Functional Connectivity And Bmi,
2017
University of Mississippi. Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College
Pituitary Gland Functional Connectivity And Bmi, E. Paige Rucker
Honors Theses
This study examined the link between pituitary gland functional connectivity and BMI. The pituitary gland plays various roles in the body through the secretion of hormones, but its direct role in development of obesity and BMI management is unknown. Resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI) brain data of individuals with diverse BMIs were analyzed by voxel-wise analysis to determine the functional connectivities of the pituitary gland to other regions of the brain. A significant negative correlation was found between BMI and pituitary gland functional connectivity in eleven different brain regions. These regions include the posterior thalamus, lingual gyrus, precuneus, …
Incorporating Spanish Language Instruction Into Health Sciences Programs In A Hispanic-Serving Institution,
2017
Brigham Young University
Incorporating Spanish Language Instruction Into Health Sciences Programs In A Hispanic-Serving Institution, Connie Summers, Vannesa Mueller, Celia Pechak, Jeri J. Sias
Faculty Publications
Patient-provider language discordance is a growing problem in health care among Spanish-speaking patients. To produce graduates capable of linguistically competent care, three university programs are incorporating Spanish language instruction into their curricula (pharmacy, physical therapy, and speech-language pathology). We review these three models of Spanish language training and summarize the lessons learned to date. Differences in the training models reflect fundamental differences regarding the use of spoken language in the disciplines.
Vocal Fry Use In Adult Female Speakers Exposed To Two Languages,
2017
Louisiana State
Vocal Fry Use In Adult Female Speakers Exposed To Two Languages, Todd A. Gibson, Connie Summers, Sydney Walls
Faculty Publications
Summary: Objective. Several studies have identified the widespread use of vocal fry among American women. Popular explanations for this phenomenon appeal to sociolinguistic purposes that likely take significant time for second language users to learn. The objective of this study was to determine if mere exposure to this vocal register, as opposed to nuanced sociolinguistic motivations, might explain its widespread use. Study Design. This study used multigroup within- and between-subjects design. Methods. Fifty-eight women from one of three language background groups (functionally monolingual in English, functionally monolingual in Spanish, and Spanish-English bilinguals) living in El Paso, Texas, repeated a list …
Perceptions Of Mentoring Slps And Clinical Fellows During The Clinical Fellowship,
2017
Texas state University
Perceptions Of Mentoring Slps And Clinical Fellows During The Clinical Fellowship, Maria Resendiz, Connie Summers, Roxanna Ruiz-Felter, Elizabeth Belasco, Katherine Fox
Faculty Publications
The clinical fellowship (CF) is completed by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) after graduating with a master’s degree. The clinical fellow is supervised by a mentoring SLP who meets the qualifications set forth by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). The current study focused on differences and similarities in expectations during the CF by the mentoring SLP and clinical fellow. Participants were asked about knowledge and skills for which clinical fellows are evaluated at the end of the CF in the areas of assessment and treatment. Clinical fellows wanted more help with assessment and less assistance with treatment. Mentoring SLPs felt assistance was …
Language Of Intervention In Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders,
2017
Brigham Young University
Language Of Intervention In Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Connie Summers, Vanessa Smith, Vannesa Mueller, Victoria Alexander, Amelie Muzza
Faculty Publications
Selecting the appropriate language of intervention for bilingual children with language impairment is difficult, especially for bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as their families are often encouraged by professionals to select one language only for communication. The limited evidence supports the use of bilingual language interventions when working with bilingual children with ASD. The current study sought to expand this limited work by presenting preliminary data of the effects of a bilingual and monolingual treatment condition on the language skills of two bilingual children with ASD (ages 3 and 5) using an alternating treatment, single-subject design. The two …
Corticosteroid-Laba Inhalers Increase Phonation Threshold Pressure (Ptp) And Flow (Ptf) In Rabbits,
2017
Brigham Young University
Corticosteroid-Laba Inhalers Increase Phonation Threshold Pressure (Ptp) And Flow (Ptf) In Rabbits, Christopher Dromey, Kristine Tanner, Heidi J. Robison, Maya Elena Stevens, Ray M. Merrill, Julie Barkmeier-Kraemer, Ben Christensen
Faculty Publications
Objectives: This study examined the effects of a combination corticosteroid plus long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist inhaler (IC) on rabbit phonation. Methods: White New Zealand male rabbits were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (n = 11 per group). The experimental group received twice-daily doses of Advair HFA™ (fluticasone propionate 45 mcg and salmeterol 21 mcg) via a veterinary facemask with 1-way valve and spacer; the control group received aerosolized saline. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, larynges excised, frozen, and subsequently thawed and mounted on a standard bench apparatus. Phonation was elicited during 15 successive trials, and phonation threshold pressure …
Effects Of Speech Intensity On Acoustic And Kinematic Articulatory Working Space,
2017
Brigham Young University
Effects Of Speech Intensity On Acoustic And Kinematic Articulatory Working Space, Christopher Dromey, Panika Palmer, Jason Whitfield
Faculty Publications
Acoustic measures calculated from the formant frequencies of corner vowels, such as the vowel space areas of triangles or quadrilaterals, have often been used as a window into articulatory function. Other measures, such as the formant centralization ratio (Sapir, Ramig, Spielman, & Fox, 2010), have been suggested as more sensitive alternatives. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in acoustic and kinematic measures of articulation across soft, comfortable, and loud speech conditions using both corner vowel-based and sentence level metrics. There were 19 participants, 9 male and 10 female, with ages ranging from 20 to 34 years. Each …
Structural Covariance Of Sensory Networks, The Cerebellum, And Amygdala In Autism Spectrum Disorder,
2017
Brigham Young University
Structural Covariance Of Sensory Networks, The Cerebellum, And Amygdala In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Garrett Cardon, Susan Hepburn, Donald C. Rojas
Faculty Publications
Sensory dysfunction is a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and abnormalities with sensory responsivity and processing can be extremely debilitating to ASD patients and their families. However, relatively little is known about the underlying neuroanatomical and neurophysiological factors that lead to sensory abnormalities in ASD. Investigation into these aspects of ASD could lead to significant advancements in our general knowledge about ASD, as well as provide targets for treatment and inform diagnostic procedures. Thus, the current study aimed to measure the covariation of volumes of brain structures (i.e., structural magnetic resonance imaging) that may be involved in abnormal …
Medication Use In Adults Who Stutter,
2017
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Medication Use In Adults Who Stutter, Hailey Renee Guillot
LSU Master's Theses
Previous studies have associated stuttering with increased levels of self-stigma. Prior research has shown that high levels of self-stigma may relate to increased medication usage. Therefore, in the present study, the authors sought to determine an association between levels of self-stigma and medication usage among adults who stutter. Results suggest that although there is not a significant difference for lifetime medication use between AWS versus AWNS, the self-imposed stigma by AWS could predict the likelihood of medication use. Findings provide insight into additional pharmacological factors to consider during clinical intervention, and highlight the importance of stigmatized beliefs when addressing the …
A Comparison Of Technologies For Recording Speech And The Effects Of Speaker Age,
2017
University of Northern Iowa
A Comparison Of Technologies For Recording Speech And The Effects Of Speaker Age, Jacquelyn Marie Knustrom
Honors Program Theses
The purpose of this study was to compare recordings of speech samples obtained with a dedicated recording device to those from more readily available devices. Speech recordings are used by professionals in the field of communication sciences and disorders to identify and transcribe features of an individual’s speech, regardless of his or her age. This process requires high-quality recordings, but devices intended to produce such recordings are often expensive, not easily accessible, and have few uses. This research addressed the following questions: (A) What combination of microphones and recording devices provides the clearest speech sample based on a signal-to- noise …
Comparison Of Various Technologies In The Acquisition Of Speech Samples For Transcription Purposes: Listener Perception Vs. Acoustic Analysis Of Signal Quality,
2017
University of Northern Iowa
Comparison Of Various Technologies In The Acquisition Of Speech Samples For Transcription Purposes: Listener Perception Vs. Acoustic Analysis Of Signal Quality, Alexa Klimes
Honors Program Theses
The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of recordings obtained with a dedicated recording device in comparison to more readily available devices. Professionals in the field of communication disorders need to identify and transcribe specific details about individuals’ speech and need high quality recordings for this purpose (Louko & Edwards, 2001). The dedicated recording devices that provide high quality signals are not readily available and can be expensive. The available research on this topic focuses on analysis of voice characteristics such as fundamental frequency, amplitude, and stability of amplitude and frequency (Lin, Hornibrook, & Ormond, 2012; Vogel …
Examining The Reversal Of Vocal Fold Dehydration Using Aerosolized Saline In An Excised Larynx Model,
2017
Brigham Young University
Examining The Reversal Of Vocal Fold Dehydration Using Aerosolized Saline In An Excised Larynx Model, Maya Elena Stevens
Theses and Dissertations
Previous studies have found vocal fold hydration to be crucial for healthy function of the vocal mechanism. Surface tissue hydration facilitates efficient vocal fold oscillation. The composition of vocal fold surface fluid includes protective water and mucus layers, similar to the fluid that covers the mucosa and epithelia of the upper airway. Laryngeal dehydration has been linked to several factors such as mouth breathing, obstructive sleep apnea, dry air exposure, upper airway hypersensitivity, and certain diseases or behavioral voice use factors. Laryngeal dehydration affects phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and phonation threshold flow (PTF), defined as the pressure and flow observed …
How Burroughs Plays With The Brain, Or Ritornellos As A Means To Produce Déjà-Vu,
2016
University of A Coruña
How Burroughs Plays With The Brain, Or Ritornellos As A Means To Produce Déjà-Vu, Antonio José Bonome
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture
In his article "How Burroughs Plays with the Brain, or Ritornellos as a Means to Produce Déjà-Vu" Antonio José Bonome discusses how the recurrence and significance of one of William S. Burroughs's most potent refrains, "dim jerky faraway," was inspired by its source text, Paul Bowles's second novel Let It Come Down (1952), where Tangiers-Interzone fuels the unwholesome descent of a US-American expatriate not unlike Bowles or Burroughs himself. "Dim jerky faraway" was used by Burroughs during more than two decades in different contexts, and its textual variations have sparked a mélange of colors, sounds, smells, and feelings oscillating in …
Interprofessional Collaboration With Aphasic Patients: A Survey Based Study On Implementation And Benefits,
2016
Illinois State University
Interprofessional Collaboration With Aphasic Patients: A Survey Based Study On Implementation And Benefits, Emily Foster, Alexa Wagner
Graduate Independent Studies - Communication Sciences and Disorders
Interprofessional practice (IPP), collaboration of professionals from different backgrounds working together to provide services, is of growing importance in speech-language pathology and across other disciplines in the vast health field (WHO, 2010). The American Speech and Hearing Association (ASHA) stresses the importance of communicating roles and responsibilities of health professionals to provide the best quality care for patients (Dixon & Oandasan, 2015). In order to understand the roles and responsibilities across disciplines, health care professionals and students need to be provided with the necessary education. Currently, an initiative for interprofessional competency is being constructed to provide more involved education for …
The Perceptions Of Stereotypes Of People Who Stutter In Hispanic University Students,
2016
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
The Perceptions Of Stereotypes Of People Who Stutter In Hispanic University Students, Ruth Crutchfield, Xiaohui Wang
Communication Sciences & Disorders Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to obtain data regarding how stutterers are perceived in Hispanic populations in order to identify whether stereotypes exist across cultures. This investigation was completed in order to repeat and amplify previously completed research projects that have used the Bipolar Semantic Scale and have revealed correlations between the presence of stuttering and negative feelings and reactions. University students were surveyed utilizing the Bipolar Semantic Scale which provides information regarding how stutterers are perceived. When comparing the findings of this project that deals primarily with Hispanic population to the previous studies that were completed on non-Hispanic …
Language Assessment In A Snap: Monitoring Progress Up To 36 Months,
2016
LENA Research Foundation
Language Assessment In A Snap: Monitoring Progress Up To 36 Months, Jill Gilkerson, Jeffrey A. Richards, Charles R. Greenwood, Judy K. Montgomery
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research
This article describes the development and validation of the Developmental Snapshot, a 52-item parent questionnaire on child language and vocal communication development that can be administered monthly and scored automatically. The Snapshot was created to provide an easily administered monthly progress monitoring tool that enables parents to better recognize language milestones and offers professionals prompt information to fine-tune intervention strategies. Initial items were piloted by 15 families; refinement and further development of the instrument was conducted with parents of 308 typically developing children. Reliability and criterion validity metrics were examined on subsets of approximately 60 children who completed the Snapshot …
Interprofessional Collaboration With Aphasic Patients,
2016
Illinois State University
Interprofessional Collaboration With Aphasic Patients, Maxwel Doman
Graduate Independent Studies - Communication Sciences and Disorders
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease On Swallowing,
2016
James Madison University
The Effect Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease On Swallowing, Jessica R. Torres
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
This work is composed of a literature review, research review, and self-reflective essay. The anatomy and physiology of normal swallowing and respiration are reviewed. Additionally, the effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on these processes is discussed. The research goal was to determine how lung volume changes adapt the physiology of swallowing in individuals with COPD. The research project was designed and conducted by Teresa Drulia, M.S., CCC-SLP. COPD participants (n=9, mean age=72, 6 male) were compared to older healthy individuals (n=10, mean age= 59, 3 male). Participants completed swallows of 20cc of water at four lung volume conditions: …
The Effects Of Lung Volume On Swallowing In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,
2016
James Madison University
The Effects Of Lung Volume On Swallowing In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Teresa C. Drulia
Dissertations, 2014-2019
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a respiratory disease that leads to reduced airflow, may result in difficulty swallowing with disease progression. The coordination between the respiratory and swallowing systems decouple and they may experience increased risk of aspiration. This study aimed to determine the effects of lung volume on swallowing in individuals with COPD compared with older healthy. Specifically, the study examined if altering lung volume at the time of the swallow changed swallowing timing, specifically pharyngeal swallow duration, and impacted the respiratory-swallow pattern in individuals with COPD. Measurement of estimated lung volume (ELV), pharyngeal swallow duration, and respiratory-swallow patterning …
Teacher Candidates: Vocal Health,
2016
Bowling Green State University
Teacher Candidates: Vocal Health, Sarah J. Pilkington
Honors Projects
Classroom teachers are at high risk for developing voice problems and may experience positive benefits from vocal health education. Less is known about the experiences of student teachers. The objective of the study was to determine if vocal hygiene education affects the student teachers’ vocal knowledge, vocal habits, voice quality, and their self-perception of their voice. Eight female education students who were student teaching the semester of the study were randomized into either the Experimental Group (who received vocal health information before their student teaching semester) or the Control Group. Both groups were assessed using a battery of qualitative and …
