Kinesiology Commons^™

Engineering Hyaluronic Acid Carbon Nanotube Nanofibers: A Peripheral Nerve Interface To Electrically Stimulate Regeneration, Elisabeth M. Steel

Wayne State University Dissertations

Peripheral nerve injuries annually affect hundreds of thousands of people globally. Current treatments like the gold standard autograft and commercially available nerve guide conduits (NGC) are insufficient to repair long gap peripheral nerve injuries. NGCs can aid recovery but lack key microenvironment cues that promote nerve regeneration. We hypothesized that providing topographical, mechanical, and electrical guidance cues through a nanofibrous composite biopolymer would result in improved neuron growth metrics using an in vitro model. We embedded hydrophilic carbon nanotubes (CNT) within hyaluronic acid (HA) nanofibers by electrospinning. The aims of this study were (1) to define the topographical, nanomechanical, and …

Examining Changes In Bat Swing Kinematics In Various Regions Of The Strike Zone In Collegiate Baseball And Softball Players, Caleb Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

According to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) there are over 50,000 men and women who compete in collegiate baseball and softball. These individuals spend hours improving their ability to swing a bat with the hope of improving his or her batting performance during a game situation typically off a tee in a position of their own choosing. However, during a game situation an athlete may swing a bat through his or her strike zone depending upon the pitch thrown by an opposing pitcher. The strike zone is defined as the space over home plate in a region that is …

Influence Of Gluteus Medius Strength On Interlimb Asymmetry In Female Recreational Runners., Morgan Meyer, Olivia Moody, Kathryn Harrison, Gregory Crosswell, Bhushan Thakkar

UROP Posters

PURPOSE: Running-related injuries are most often single-sided and are partially attributed to lower limb movement and loading asymmetries.¹ Gluteus Medius (GM) plays a significant role in lower limb alignment, especially in the frontal and transverse planes by its influence on the pelvis and the femur.² Female runners are more prone to GM weakness which has been proposed to be a risk factor for overuse injuries.³ These strength deficits contribute to abnormal lower limb kinematics and kinetics during dynamic tasks like running and jumping.⁴ These changes include an increase in peak hip adduction angle (HA), hip internal …

Psychomotor Skill Measurement Of Video Game Players, Thomas Carbone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Psychomotor skills are a combination of innate abilities as well as skills developed because of repeated actions. Researchers have dedicated many studies to understand the extent to which past videogame play contributes to psychomotor skills and fine motor control dexterity. However, not all gamers are created equal. With today's proliferation of platforms, many people are gamers who never pick up a controller. Grouping all gamers together forms dangerous confounds when trying to generalize across a population as diverse as today's gamers. The current study aims to study a population comprised only of gamers to see if there are significant differences …

African-American Collegiate Women's Perception And Participation In Physical Activity, Lauren Courtney Scott

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

AA COLLEGE WOMEN’’S PERCEPTION AND

PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

by

LAUREN SCOTT

March 2018

Advisor: Dr. Bo Shen

Major: Kinesiology

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Overview: In the United States, adult engagement in physical inactivity has decreased since the implementation of the 2008 PA guidelines. In 2013, only 20% of Americans met the PA recommendations. In 2014, research showed that 23% of adults did not engage in any leisure PA in the United States (U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). In general, females were found to be less active than males from youth through adulthood (Matthews et al, …

Trunk Stability And Postural Stability In People With Multiple Sclerosis, Derek Tolbert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Multiple Sclerosis is a neurological disease which affects an estimated 2.5million people worldwide. People with Multiple Sclerosis often experience high rates of falls, which have been associated with age, disability, and increased postural sway. Additionally, people with Multiple Sclerosis often exhibit muscular weakness and poor responses to perturbations. PURPOSE: To determine if trunk stability and postural control are altered among PwMS and if trunk muscle activity is correlated with postural stability. METHODS: Ten participants with a physician's diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (9 female, 1 male) were included in this study. Ten healthy controls were matched for age, height, weight, and …

Grail Based Sensory Perturbations - A New Tool To Assess Sensory Organization And Fall Risk During Walking In The Elderly, Harbir Bhatti

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Every 11 seconds, an older adult is treated in the emergency room for a fall; and every 19 minutes, an older adult die from a fall. According to the CDC’s Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting (WISQARS), one in four Americans aged 65+ falls each year. In 2014, the total medical cost of fall injuries was $31 billion. These fall accident and injury statistics may remain unchanged unless an automated highly accurate mechanism for fall risk assessment is available. Having said that, the purpose of this research study is to identify fall prone elderly and prevent fall from occurring. Using …

Bilateral Deficit: A Comparison Between Upper-Body And Lower-Body Maximal Strength, James Lee Ramsey

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Purpose: The study’s primary purpose was to determine if maximal unilateral strength is greater than maximal bilateral strength for the leg press and vertical dumbbell press exercises. The secondary purpose was to determine if blood glucose levels differ between the unilateral and bilateral conditions for the leg press exercise. Methods: Thirty college-aged volunteers reported on two separate occasions, 72 hours apart, for maximal strength testing. Blood glucose was obtained before and after strength testing for the leg press exercise. A paired samples t-test was conducted to determine significance (p < .05). Results: Participants were significantly stronger for the bilateral leg press; however, no significant differences were observed for the vertical dumbbell press exercise. No significant differences were observed in plasma blood glucose for the leg press exercise. Conclusion: Participants did not display a bilateral lateral deficit, which may have been a result of their resistance training prior to the study.

Effect Of A Carbohydrate Beverage On Exercise Performance In Youth 7-17 Years Old, Lauren Jording

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Sports enhancement products go through trends as new products are introduced and as old products are redesigned and re-introduced to the market. Gatorade© is a sports beverage that is often used by youth during sports. However, the effects of sports beverages on youth performance are unknown. One aim of this study was to determine if youth experience the same performance benefit from carbohydrate beverages as adults. A second aim of this study was to determine differences in metabolic measures (VO2, VE, & RER) between the carbohydrate and water performance trials in youth and adults. A third aim was to examine …

A Wellness Approach To Investigating Student Veterans’ Career Goals, Thomas C. Seguin, Abby L. Bjornsen-Ramig, Ashley J. Blount, Danae M. Dinkel

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

A qualitative methodology was utilized to assess the wellness factors student Veterans (N = 10) perceived as influential to their decision to separate from the military and choice of intended career path. Participants included prior enlisted student Veterans pursuing undergraduate degrees at a mid-sized Midwestern university. Interview transcripts were coded according to the Indivisible Self Model of Wellness (IS-Wel; Myers & Sweeney, 2004) and analyzed phenomenologically. Participants referenced Control and Self-Worth as motivators for separation from military service; Work and Thinking were the main themes regarding choice of future profession. Additional themes emerged in reference to how Veterans’ priorities changed …

The Blood Flow And Perceptual Response To Lower Body Resistance Training With And Without Blood Flow Restriction, Kevin Mattocks

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The muscular response to low-load resistance exercise in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR) is well studied but less was known about the cardiovascular response. It was also unknown what impact resistance exercise at 15% 1RM with or without BFR would have on the acute and chronic cardiovascular adaptations and how that compared to high load resistance exercise. Examining the perceptual responses across a training program is also important as this may dictate overall compliance to an exercise protocol. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute and chronic cardiovascular changes following very low-load (15% 1RM) resistance exercise …

Pilot Study: Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Sport-Related Concussion In A Rural Interscholastic Sport Sample, Austin Westland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Evidence supports education initiatives to improve knowledge of sport-related concussion (SRC) in active children and adolescents, as well as improve attitudes towards reporting concussion events to a supervising adult with the ultimate goal of early diagnosis and management. Most evidence focuses on urban and suburban children’s SRC knowledge and attitudes; however, little is known regarding knowledge and attitudes of children participating in sport in rural environments. Understanding current knowledge and attitudes of rural children can inform future education and health behavior strategies that encourage early reporting. Objective: Two objectives guided this study. First, obtain and analyze pilot data regarding …

Exploring The Relationship Between Quality Of Written School Wellness Policy And The Degree Of Wellness Policy Implementation In Elementary Schools, Josie Sieberg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: To date many studies have evaluated the quality of written school wellness policies (SWPs), however, few have addresses SWP implementation. As SWPs have the potential to reduce childhood obesity, it is crucial for schools to not only write high quality SWPs, but also to implement these policy items. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the quality of written SWPs and the degree of SWP implementation. We hypothesized that schools with higher quality written SWPs would have a higher degree of policy implementation. Methods: School wellness policy written quality and implementation were assessed in …

Differences In Walking Mechanics Between A Traditional Walker And The Kb Balance Trainer, Silvia Zanini

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Millions of individuals with ambulatory difficulties rely on walking aids to maintain independence and mobility. However, users of traditional walkers typically exhibit increased forward lean of their trunk while using the assistive device. The KB Balance Trainer is a new posterior walker designed to facilitate a more erect position during gait. PURPOSE: To compare gait mechanics across three walking conditions: unassisted, using a traditional walker, and using the KB Balance Trainer. METHODS: Seven adults with experience using walkers due to ambulatory difficulties participated in the study. The study consisted of one training session and one gait analysis session. The …

Effect Of Shin-Torso Alignment And Biomechanical Positioning On Lower Extremity Joint Angles In Hockey Players, Stacy Solomon

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Comparisons Of Time To Task Failure And Muscle Activity For Two Different Submaximal Fatiguing Contractions, Sunggun Jeon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this study was to examine the time to task failure for two different fatiguing tasks (force vs. Position task) on elbow flexion exercise, in order to explore potential mechanisms of muscle fatigue. Twenty healthy and recreationally active individuals (10 men and 10 women) participated in this 3-visit investigation. At least 48 hours after the first visit as the familiarization, the subject returned for one of the experimental visits (order randomized). During the force task visit, the subject performed maximal voluntary contractions (mvcs), several submaximal trapezoid isometric contractions with different intensities (40% and 70% of mvc), and folloby …

The Slippery Slope Between Falling And Recovering: An Examination Of Sensory And Somatic Factors Influencing Recovery After A Slip, Samuel J. Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Slips and falls account for large rates of injury and mortality in multiple populations. During an unexpected slip, sensory mechanisms are responsible for signaling the slip to the central nervous system, and a series of corrective responses is generated to arrest the slip and prevent a fall. While previous research has examined the corrective responses elicited, the answer of how these systems break down during a fall remains elusive. Purpose: To examine differences in postural control (slip detection), lower extremity corrective responses (slip recovery), and cortical control of the slip recovery response between individuals who fall and those who …

A Shift Toward A High-Fat Diet In The Current Metabolic Paradigm: A New Perspective, Hunter S. Waldman, Ben M. Krings, Johneric W. Smith, Matthew J. Mcallister

Kinesiology

Objective: Investigations into the relationship between dietary carbohydrate restriction and health are mixed. Current guidelines for nutrition promote low-fat foods and higher carbohydrate consumption for optimal health and weight loss. However, high-fat, low-carbohydrate diets are revealing both intra- and extracellular adaptations that have been shown to elicit favorable cardiometabolic changes associated with obesity. Moreover, dietary fat is associated with higher satiety levels from the hormones adiponectin, leptin, and cholecystokinin. Additionally, insulin responses from high-glycemic carbohydrates are known to alter these pathways, potentially leading to an increase in energy consumption and a possible mechanism for obesity.

Conclusion: There is convincing evidence …

A Comparison Of The Acute Muscular Response And Long-Term Adaptation To Resistance Training Using Traditional High Loads Or Very Low Loads With Different Degrees Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Lower Body, Matthew Brian Jessee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To compare acute and chronic responses to lower body resistance exercise using: high-load (70/0), very low-load alone (15/0), with moderate (15/40), or higher (15/80) blood flow restriction. Conditions labeled (% One-repetition maximum/% arterial occlusion pressure). Acute: Trained participants (12 males, 11 females) completed knee extension exercise (4 sets to failure capped at 90 repetitions) with each condition. Muscle thickness and torque were assessed before (Pre), after (Post), and fifteen minutes after (Post-15) exercise; surface electromyography (EMG) during. Chronic: Untrained participants (20 males, 20 females) performed the same exercise, with one condition assigned to each leg, twice per week for …

The Effects Of Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors On Lipoprotein Particle Concentration And Size, Ryan R. Porter

Theses and Dissertations

Lipoprotein concentrations are well established biological markers associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Recent research has placed great importance on the various functions of the different lipoprotein subfractions (small and large low-density lipoprotein particles [LDL-P]; small, medium and large high-density lipoprotein particles [HDL-P]). Modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as exercise, diet, and sleep have been shown to have direct effects on CVD risk, in part by altering blood lipid and lipoprotein profiles. The overall goal of this dissertation was to determine if specific modifiable lifestyle behaviors were associated with the concentration and size of lipoprotein subfractions.

Two studies, both utilizing a …