The Effect Time Of Day Has On Maximal Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effect Time Of Day Has On Maximal Exercise, Maurice Isuo, Aliceson Edwards
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: The circadian rhythm, also known as sleep/wake cycle, is a cycle that is constantly running as long as you are alive. The circadian rhythm is on a 24-hour clock that cycles between sleepiness and alertness at regular intervals. The circadian rhythms will affect physiological variables such as heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure which can have a large impact on exercise performance. The Bruce Protocol is a treadmill test used to measure maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the VO2max, Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Time of exercise (min: sec), and …
The Short Term Effects Of L-Arginine On Blood Lactate Levels And Performance During Submaximal Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Short Term Effects Of L-Arginine On Blood Lactate Levels And Performance During Submaximal Exercise, Evelyn Wong, Victoria Carter
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: L-arginine is a non-essential amino acid that is precursor to synthesizing Nitric Oxide (NO). It is responsible for regulating blood pressure and improving exercise efficiency and tolerance, along with improvement in vasodilation. Thus it optimizes blood flow. Increased blood flow to active muscles increases substrate utilization to improve muscle recovery and protein synthesis during and after exercise. This allows for greater removal of metabolites lactate and ammonia that are related to muscle fatigue which inhibit exercise performance. Studies have shown that L-arginine supplementation has been a beneficial treatment for individuals that have hypertension, chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, …
The Effect Oral Quercetin Supplementation Has On The Capacity Of Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effect Oral Quercetin Supplementation Has On The Capacity Of Exercise, Aliaa Bekhit, Selin Sosa
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) is a measure of the body’s total oxygen utilization capacity, or in simpler terms, the capacity for exercise, more specifically oxygen demanding aerobic exercises such as running or cycling since these rely on aerobic rather than anaerobic energy resources. Current research suggests that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, flavonoid substance quercetin primarily found in food plants, may be responsible for enhanced exercise capacity as measured by VO2 max. Existing studies test this relationship by administering quercetin supplements to individuals over a short period time and then comparing their pre and post-supplement VO2 max values. PURPOSE: The …
Seated Exercise Compared To Standing Exercise In Improving Strength And Endurance In Community-Dwelling Seniors.,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
Seated Exercise Compared To Standing Exercise In Improving Strength And Endurance In Community-Dwelling Seniors., Karly Zelaska
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Wellness and preventive exercise programs are being introduced and becoming more prevalent in senior-living communities. These programs are put in place to reduce the recurring costs of hospitalizations and medical services, as well as to maintain or improve independence in these populations. Oftentimes, chair-based exercises are used to perform resistance training because of the ease, simplicity, and safety that they provide to these senior residents. Many studies have explored the effects that a variety of aerobic and strengthening programs have on improving balance and reducing fall risk in seniors, what remains unanswered is whether doing seated or standing exercises …
The Ergogenic Effects Of Caffeine On Submaximal Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Ergogenic Effects Of Caffeine On Submaximal Exercise, Matthew Kellner, Angel Gallardo
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a very abundant substance in society and is commonly found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, pre-workout drinks, and many others. This substance is a central nervous system stimulator which was found to improve wakefulness, thought processes, focus, and coordination. This has been used both medically and in the general public for these desirable psychological and physiological effects. Caffeine is one of the most popular substances when it comes to athletic performance enhancement and has been used for many years. The effects of caffeine on the human body has been studied thoroughly and shows that it does has …
The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Power,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Power, Berenice Villegas
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a stimulant used by athletes to help enhance performance. Caffeine has shown to benefit endurance performance in high intensity or power sports. It has been recommended to consume about 200-400 mg of caffeine 20-30 minutes before a workout. Caffeine increases alertness and decreases fatigue due to blockage of adenosine in the brain. During exercise, caffeine consumption causes the body to mobilize fat stores before using glycogen supply. Doing so helps prolong exercise by sparing stored glycogen for later. Caffeine is a drug that causes tolerance to develop quickly and can become more of a maintenance drug for …
Effects Of L-Leucine Supplementation During 6-Week Weight Training Program,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
Effects Of L-Leucine Supplementation During 6-Week Weight Training Program, Brianna R. Williams
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
The potential of leucine to stimulate primarily protein synthesis provides the basis and justification to ingest leucine during resistance exercise training in order to enhance muscle growth and ultimately improve strength and personal performance. An increase in muscle size is generally accompanied by an increase in strength. Strength gains may lead to improved performance in athletic disciplines and everyday life.
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Fitness Parameters,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Fitness Parameters, Rachel Agostino
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Body composition details the materials that make up the human body. Fat mass primarily functions as insulation and energy storage, but can be detrimental to physical performance when present in excess. Fat-free mass contains muscles and the remainder of substances within the body. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise to maximal levels. VO2max correlates with fat-free mass. Power and work can be used to measure the anaerobic system. The amount of muscle mass correlates with the power and work that is produced. PURPOSE: The purpose of …
The Relationship Of Maximal Aerobic Capacity And Body Fat Percentage In Athletes And Non-Athletes,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Relationship Of Maximal Aerobic Capacity And Body Fat Percentage In Athletes And Non-Athletes, Sandra Mendoza, Rj Williams
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise. The relative units are expressed as milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min) and the absolute rate is liters of oxygen per minute (L/min). Body Fat percentage is the total mass of fat divided by the total body mass, and multiplied by 100%. It is expressed as a percent value. Research shows that athletes tend to have a lower body fat percentage and a higher VO 2maxas compared to non athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this …
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Blood Pressure In College Age Students,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Blood Pressure In College Age Students, Arely Ortiz, Fabiana Villari
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Body composition is divided into two components: fat-free mass and fat mass. Fat-free mass includes organs, muscles, bones, blood, and skin which is chemically broken down into water, protein, and bone mineral. Whereas, fat mass would be considered essential or stored fat. A common way to measure body composition is to determine percent of body fat or body mass index (BMI). Many studies suggest that BMI is associated with blood pressure. Unlike measuring percent body fat, BMI does not consider fat-free mass and instead uses the ratio of total body weight to height. Considering fat-free mass when associated to …
The Effect Of A 12-Hour Fast On Maximal Aerobic Performance,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effect Of A 12-Hour Fast On Maximal Aerobic Performance, Colby Boyko, Madison Helt
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
Maximum aerobic capacity (VO2max) is an indicator of physical fitness and a measurement of an individual’s ability to transport and utilize oxygen. It is measured in absolute terms in (L/min) and can be normalized with weight in (ml/kg/min). Often times food may not be considered a contributing factor to an individuals VO2max, however, ones diet could have a direct effect on their ability to perform incremental exercise to max. Research suggests fasting may have detrimental effects on individual’s ability to exercise, resulting in a lower VO2max and a quicker time to fatigue.
Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Power As Determined By Wingate Cycle Ergometer Testing In Men,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Power As Determined By Wingate Cycle Ergometer Testing In Men, Sarah Ballinger
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Creatine monohydrate is widely available and regularly used by amateur and elite athletes in order to better anaerobic performance. Oral supplementation of Creatine can increase skeletal muscle stores by as much as 20%, especially in those that do not regularly consume meat and fish because although Creatine is produced endogenously by the liver, the body also relies on exogenous sources. Phosphocreatine stores are considered a limiting factor for short duration, high intensity exercise. Augmenting available stores has been shown to decrease the rate of fatigue and increase energy availability to power muscular contraction force for longer durations and aid …
Effects Of Sleep On Maximal Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
Effects Of Sleep On Maximal Exercise, Jose Rios
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Sleep is a function of the body that is essential for proper recovery physically and mentally. Necessary for tissue repair and growth, muscle relaxation and healthy balance of hormones. The average time of sleep for the body to function properly is approximately seven to eight hours a night. Sleep deficiency is common among adults and it can cause chronic health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and kidney disease. Research shows that sleep has no effect on maximal exercise. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen …
The Effects Of Dynamic And Static Stretching On Anaerobic Power And Capacity,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effects Of Dynamic And Static Stretching On Anaerobic Power And Capacity, Toan T. Nguyen
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: There are various ways to warm up and many studies suggest that different forms of warm-ups and stretches can positively or negatively affect athletic performance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if dynamic and static stretching would have an effect on anaerobic performance as measured through the vertical jump, broad jump, and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). METHODS: Participants came in on 3 nonconsecutive days. The first visit consisted of a pre-screening to determine the participants’ age, weight, and activity level. Once completed, the participants performed the experimental procedure without any form of stretching. Three trials of …
The Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Short-Term Memory,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Short-Term Memory, Karina Puentes, Joselynn Rivas
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
The ability to recall information from the past is what is known as memory. There are two types of memory: short-term memory and long-term. Short-term is responsible for small temporary memory that can allocate past information within minutes and seconds. Long-term memory that is responsible to store large information for an extended period of time for months and years. Evidence shows that with increase exercise there is an improvement in memory retention/ cognitive function over time (Coles, 2008). People, more specifically college students, utilize their memory every single day, for example to recall an important note that the professor covered. …
The Physiological Effects Of Advocare Spark Energy On Submaximal Aerobic Exercise,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
The Physiological Effects Of Advocare Spark Energy On Submaximal Aerobic Exercise, Tommy Tran, Dagoberto Pozos
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: AdvoCare-Spark energy is a multi-nutrient supplement that incorporates ergogenic aids such as creatine and caffeine. The referred ergogenic aids are substances that enhance performance, and is one of the most studied research areas in athletic performance. Many supplements contain nutrients including water-soluble vitamins, metabolic by-products of nutrients, plant extracts, substances found in food (vitamin B6, creatine, caffeine) and are found in high amounts naturally in foods. Studies have shown that ingestion of caffeine pre-exercise can enhance endurance performance by decreasing the rate of perceived exertion. The combination of caffeine . and taurine in Advocare-Spark energy are both stimulants that …
Queen's College Step Test And Its Validity Of Vo(2max) Prediction On Young Healthy Females,
2018
University of Texas at Arlington
Queen's College Step Test And Its Validity Of Vo(2max) Prediction On Young Healthy Females, Aaron Newland, Kevin Nguyen
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: The Queen's college step test (QCT) is a submaximal exercise test that is used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness. The test consists of 3 minutes of stepping up and down on a 15-inch step at a set rate of 22 steps/min. This test can also be used to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). VO2max is an internationally accepted reference standard for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness (Shepard 1968). A lower maximal oxygen capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Despite claims that the QCT is a valid measure of VO2max, its validity in young healthy women has been contested (Chatterjee 2003). …
Reporting Characteristics In Sports Nutrition,
2018
Texas A&M University
Reporting Characteristics In Sports Nutrition, Conrad P. Earnest, Brandon M. Roberts, Christopher R. Harnish, Jessica L. Kutz, Jason M. Cholewa, Neil M. Johannsen
Kinesiology
Purpose: To examine data reporting characteristics in sports nutrition. Methods: We examined 236 papers from ten journals published in 2016. The primary outcome was statistical variance associated with treatment (SD (correct) vs. SEM or CI). Secondary outcomes included the reporting of: (a) effect sizes (Y/N); (b) outcome prioritization (Y/N; primary, secondary, etc.) and (c) statistical variance relative to change from baseline (CI (correct) vs. SD or SEM). As tertiary/exploratory outcome, we examined whether authors stated a directed hypothesis. Statistical evaluation was performed using chi-square analyses. Results: We observed significant trends for all analyses (p < 0.001) and between category comparisons (p < 0.002). For the primary outcome, 128 (59%) articles correctly used SD to denote treatment variance, while 79 (36%) and 11 (5%) used SEM and CI, respectively. For secondary outcomes, 63 articles (29%) reported effect sizes, while 155 (71%) did not. Additionally, 188 articles (86%) did not prioritize outcomes, 134 articles (61%) stated no hypotheses and 40 (19%, out of 100) articles used CI to denote change scores vs. SD (19%, n = 41) and SEM (n = 10, 5%). Eight articles (4%) reported no variance terms. Conclusions: Overall, there are gaps regarding reporting in sports nutrition. Editors, journal publishers, and the field of exercise science alike should consider these outcomes and provide editorial staff, reviewers and authors with more concrete guidelines.
Using Drop Jumps And Jump Squats To Assess Eccentric And Concentric Force-Velocity Characteristics,
2018
East Stroudsburg University
Using Drop Jumps And Jump Squats To Assess Eccentric And Concentric Force-Velocity Characteristics, Gavin L. Moir, Brandon W. Snyder, Chris Connaboy, Hugh S. Lamont, Shala E. Davis
Kinesiology
The purpose of this study was to investigate the eccentric and concentric force-velocity (Fv) characteristics recorded during drop jumps (DJ) from different heights and loaded jump squats (JS) and to determine the number of jumps required to accurately model the eccentric and concentric Fv relationships. Fourteen resistance-trained men (age: 21.9 ± 1.8 years) performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) and DJ from heights of 0.40, 0.60, and 0.80 m. JS with loads equivalent to 0%, 27%, 56%, and 85% 1-repetition maximum were performed in a separate session. Force platforms and a 3-D motion analysis system were used to record the average …
Assessing Plyometric Ability During Vertical Jumps Performed By Adults And Adolescents,
2018
East Stroudsburg University
Assessing Plyometric Ability During Vertical Jumps Performed By Adults And Adolescents, Brandon W. Snyder, Shawn N. Munford, Chris Connaboy, Hugh S. Lamont, Shala E. Davis, Gavin L. Moir
Kinesiology
The purpose of this study was to compare different methods for assessing plyometric ability during countermovement (CMJ) and drop jumps (DJ) in a group of adults and adolescents. Ten resistance-trained adult men (age: 22.6 ± 1.6 years) and ten adolescent male basketball players (age: 16.5 ± 0.7 years) performed a CMJ and a DJ from a height of 0.40 m. Jump height (JH), contact time, normalized work (WNORM ), and power output (PONORM ) during the absorption and propulsion phases were calculated from force platforms and 3-D motion analysis data. Plyometric ability was assessed using the modified reactive strength index …
