Kinesiology Commons^™

The Role Of Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 (Mpc1) In Heart Failure And Its Implications For Cardiac Recovery, Obadiah Issachar Kirk

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with high mortality rates around the world. HF also has diverse etiology as many things contribute such as hypertension, obesity, coronary artery disease, inflammation, and cardiac arrhythmias. Studies have shown that unloading of a failing heart with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can lead to cardiac recovery in a subpopulation of individuals with advanced HF. RNA-sequencing and protein expression analysis of myocardial tissue from HF patients who underwent the LVAD implant and heart transplant indicated that subpopulation of HF patients who responded to LVAD unloading had significantly lower levels of mitochondrial pyruvate …

Effects Of Attention Focus And Warm-Up On Performance Of Central And Peripheral Processing, Mohammed Ali Aljahni

Wayne State University Dissertations

Abstract

EFFECTS OF ATTENTION FOCUS AND WARM-UP ON PERFORMANCE OF CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL PROCESSING

by

Mohammed Aljahni

December 2020

Advisor: Dr. Qin Lai

Major: Kinesiology - Exercise and Sport Science

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Previous studies have shown that external focus of attention decreased reaction time by increasing central processing speed, compared to internal focus of attention. The research suggests that there is a direct link between attentional focus and information processing. It is also well-documented that warm-up or moderate exercise increases the central or cognitive processing speed even though no consistent finding on the latency of the muscle activation …

Impact Of Placement Of Fitbit Hr Under Laboratory And Free-Living Conditions, Hyun Chul Jung, Minsoo Kang, Nan Hee Lee, Soeun Jeon, Sukho Lee

Kinesiology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Wrist-worn activity monitors have become accessible for measuring physical activities, but an activity monitor’s accuracy worn at different placements is not well understood. This study aimed to examine the differences in measurements of heart rates, step counts, and calories estimated from the fitness tracker worn at different locations and the accuracy of Fitbit HR against criterion measures. Thirty-two healthy adults participated in this study. Participants wore Fitbit HR at four different locations (right proximal, distal, and left proximal, distal). Treadmill exercise consisted of five 5-min phases including slow walking and jogging. Free-living activities involved ten 5-min activities with four different …

Professional Liability Insurance For Athletic Trainers: A Cross Sectional Study Of Athletic Trainers Who Do Per Diem Work, Kameelah J. Belgrave

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Context: Many secondary school athletic trainers (ATs) complete per diem work as a way to supplement their income. Working per diem means the AT provides services to events that are not part of their main employment. Since this type of work is not connected to their main employment, the AT may lack appropriate professional liability insurance (PLI). PLI is a type of insurance that protects healthcare professionals from bearing the entire cost of defending a malpractice claim made by a former or current patient. Anecdotally, many ATs believe that the PLI provided by their main employer covers all health care …

Neuromechanical Tuning For Arm Motor Control, Russell Lee Hardesty Jr

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Movement is a fundamental behavior that allows us to interact with the external world. Its importance to human health is most evident when it becomes impaired due to disease or injury. Physical and occupational rehabilitation remains the most common treatment for these types of disorders. Although therapeutic interventions may improve motor function, residual deficits are common for many pathologies, such as stroke. The development of novel therapeutics is dependent upon a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern movement. Movement of the human body adheres to the principles of classic Newtonian mechanics. However, due to the inherent complexity of …

Development Of Rat Head Finite Element Model And Tissue Level Biomechanical Threshold For Traumatic Axonal Injury, Runzhou Zhou

Wayne State University Dissertations

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by local tissue deformation at the time of trauma, leading to neurological dysfunction. In the United States alone, 2.87 million people sustain a TBI each year, of which one-fifth results in death. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a well-recognized consequence of every fatal head injury and more than 85% of vehicular crash-related blunt head injuries. The most common and important pathologic feature of TBIs are multifocal changes to axons in the white matter produced by rapid head acceleration/deceleration during a traumatic event with consequent local shear/tension on neural tissue and axons contributing to secondary …

Evaluation Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors In People Living With Hiv In São Paulo, Brazil, Elizabete Santos Melo, Marcela Antonini, Christefany Regia Braz Costa, William Sorensen, Elucir Gir, Renata Karina Reis

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: HIV infection as a chronic disease has emerged from treatment advances over the past three decades. From this perspective, the diseases associated with AIDS are not a main threat for patients who use Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A new set of HIV associated complications have emerged resulting in comorbidities related to aging and ART exposure as cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Brazil. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at all Specialized Care Services for people living with HIV in the Southeast of Brazil. A …

College Students Mandated To Substance Use Courses: An Exploration Of Age-Of-Onset, Perceived Norms, And The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Benjamin Neil Montemayor

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

Every year, college campuses report alcohol and other drug (AOD) policy violations as the most frequent reason students receive disciplinary referrals and, thus, are mandated to programming. This dissertation focused on exploring characteristics of students mandated to intervention programming in order to provide recommendations for future programs. This dissertation includes three studies involving students enrolled in mandated intervention programming: (1) a systematic review of the effectiveness of mandated programs in reducing cannabis or other drug use, (2) an examination of the differences between early- and late-onset alcohol and cannabis users, and (3) an exploration of perceived norms, and the Theory …

Effects Of Slope Upon Hind Limb Kinematics In Chukar Partridge (Alectoris Chukar), Anna T. Kenney

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Ground dwelling birds must scale all kinds of complex terrain in order to survive in their natural environments. For instance, Alectoris chukar live on steep hillsides with slopes of up to 60° or 172.3% slope. We undertook the present study to improve understanding of how birds successfully traverse such complex terrain. Using a high speed camera, we analyzed the hind limb kinematics of chukars during normal locomotion on a 10° and 35° incline, decline, and level slope. We compared the data collected from the video recordings, which we had used to identify and digitize the bony landmarks, between all conditions. …

The Effect Of Curriculum- And Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks On Academic Performance In Elementary School Children In Southern New Mexico, Sephonnie S. Elliss

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Research has provided strong evidence for the many health benefits of exercise (e.g. decreased risk of heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, sleep apnea, falls). Despite the plethora of evidence, most Americans do not meet the Surgeon General's recommendation of achieving 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) per week. Compounding the problem for children is the fact that although most American kids are enrolled in school for 30 or more hours per week, making schools a prime location to teach modes of physically active health habits, schools have instead increasingly become places that promote sedentary behavior as greater emphasis has been …

The Independence Effects Of Gravitational And Inertial Forces On Gait Transitions In Humans, Nathan Frakes

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The Dynamic Similarity hypothesis suggests gravitational and inertial forces plays a role in determining preferred transition speed (PTS) for walk to run transitions (WRT) and run to walk transitions (RWT), and that humans prefer to transition gait when the ratio of inertial force (IF) to gravitational force (GF) (i.e. Froude #) is ~0.5. Purpose: To investigate the effect of gravitational and inertial forces on PTS, Froude # (Fr) and kinematics for both WRT and RWT. Methods: Twelve healthy adults (9 M, 3 F) performed WRT and RWT trials on a treadmill across seven combinations of altered body weight (BW) and …

Form And Function Of The California Sea Lion (Zalophus Californianus) Hindflippers: Control Surfaces For Subaqueous Maneuvers, Ariel Leahy

West Chester University Master’s Theses

The hindflippers of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) have previously been overlooked as aquatic control surfaces. Although passively trailed in rectilinear swimming, the hindflippers are abducted into a delta-wing shape during aquatic maneuvers. As the anatomy of sea lion hindflippers had not previously been described, anatomical/morphological examinations were completed via scaled measurements and dissections. It was found that the tendons of Flexor Hallucis Longus and Flexor Digitorum Longus insert into the collagen matrix of the crenellations instead of onto bone and the tendons of Flexor Digitorum Brevis contain foramen through which the tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus pass. …

The Effects Of Acute Bouts Of Aerobic And Resistance Exercise On Neuroplasticity, Michael Shafer

West Chester University Master’s Theses

Neuroplasticity takes place when acquiring new skills, after damage to the nervous system, and as a result of sensory deprivation (5). It can also take place due to exercise (11)(22). Few studies exist that look at the effects of anaerobic/resistance training and its effects on Neuroplasticity in humans, as the majority of research found delves into how resistance training can help at the subcortical and spinal level of the body, not in the brain (1). The aim of this study was to determine whether resistance training is as effective as aerobic training at improving neuroplasticity. Five competitive Weightlifters (3 females, …

Sports Performance Measures In Youth Wheelchair Basketball Athletes, Kathryn Rodebaugh

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Strength Level On The Acute Post-Activation Performance Enhancement Following Flywheel And Free Weight Resistance Training, Borja Sañudo, Moisés De Hoyo, Guy Gregory Haff, Alejandro Muñoz-López

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This study aimed to compare the post-activation potentiation performance enhancement (PAPE) response to the acute inertial flywheel (FW) and free weight resistance training (TRA) on subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) and sprint performance (10 m sprint). This study used a randomized crossover design including twenty-eight healthy males that were divided into strong (relative one-repetition maximum (1RM) back squat > 2.0 × body mass) and weak (relative 1RM back squat < 2.0 × body mass) groups. All participants performed the following: (a) three reps at 90% of their 1RM back squat (TRA) and (b) three reps on an inertial FW (plus one repetition to initiate flywheel movement) with an intensity that generated a mean propulsive velocity equal to that achieved with 90% of the 1RM back squat. Before and after the conditioning activity, participants performed two CMJs and two 10 m sprints. Within-group analyses showed significantly greater CMJ (d > 0.9, p < 0.001) and sprint performance (d > 0.5, p < 0.05) in the FW and the TRA group. Between-group analysis showed that sprint changes were significantly greater in the FW-strong group when compared with the TRA (F1,18 = 5.11, p = 0.036, η2p = 0.221—large) group. These results suggest that using a squat activation protocol on a FW may lead to an acute positive effect on jump and sprint performance, especially in stronger individuals.

Effet De L’Expertise Et Du Sexe Sur Les Contraintes À L’Épaule En Manutention, Etienne Goubault, Romain Martinez, Najoua Assila, Jennifer Dowling-Medley, Élodie Monga-Dubreuil, Sophie-Anne Scherrer, André Plamondon, Mickaël Begon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’atteinte de troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) parmi les travailleurs et travailleuses au Québec était récemment estimée à 732 000 cas (Stock et al., 2014). Ces TMS sont associés aux activités professionnelles impliquant des efforts physiques prolongés, intenses et/ou répétitifs, telles que des tâches d’assemblage, de manutention, d’aide à la personne ou encore de maintien de posture prolongée sur un poste de travail. Les membres supérieurs, qui représentaient 30,1 % des cas de TMS déclarés et acceptés au Québec de 1998 à 2007 (Michel et al., 2010), sont les plus touchés après le dos. Plus particulièrement, l’épaule figure comme l’articulation …

The Effects Of In-Season Training Changes On Body Composition In Division I Collegiate Football Players, Kayla Emory

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Body composition quantification in athletics can be used as a tool for developing a training program and monitoring progress in developing ideal body composition for optimal performance. Commonly, athletes are concerned with the amount of fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) they have, since those variables have been commonly linked to reduced performance and increased injury risks. The game of football is constantly evolving and so is the need for players to be bigger, stronger, and faster. Most research has investigated the body composition changes in football players as a whole team during an off-season, however few have …

Biomechanics In The 4haie Study: Air Pollution And Musculoskeletal Health - An Update, Daniel Jandacka, Jaroslav Uchityil, David Zahradník, Roman Farana, Dominik Villimek, Jiri Skypala, Jan Urbaczka, Jan Plesek, Adam Motyka, Denisa Blaschova, Gabriela Beinhauerova, Marketa Rygelová, Pavel Brtva, Zuzana Golembiovska, Klara Balazova, Jan Malus, Veronika Horka, Julia F. Silvernail, Gareth Irwin, Miika T. Nieminen, Victor Casula, Vlado Juras, Milos Golian, Steriani Elavsky, Lenka Knapova, Radim Sram, Joseph Hamill

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

The overall purpose of the 4HAIE study was to assess the influence of the interaction between air pollution and biomechanical, physiological and psychosocial factors on the incidence of injuries, health and well-being. A total of 1,500 active runners and inactive controls aged 18-65 will be recruited. Herein, we describe the biomechanical study design with data examples to investigate musculoskeletal and neuro-mechanics health in different air quality regions.

Footfall Pattern During Running In Preschool Children According To Age And Footwear, Jan Plesek, Julia F. Silvernail, Joseph Hamill, Daniel Jandacka

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

The aim of this study was to compare the footfall pattern (FP) in different age groups of preschool children while they ran in standard running shoes (SRS) and barefoot. Forty-eight children aged 3-6 years participated in the study and were split into 4 age groups (n=12). All children performed a simple running game (based on the shuffle run) in SRS and barefoot. The length of the runway was adjusted for each age group. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected using 3-D motion capture system. We analyzed strike index (SI) and sagittal plane ankle angle (AA) at initial contact (IC) from …

Footstrike Patterns Of High And Mid-Mileage Non-Rearfoot Runners During An Exhaustive Run, Jan Urbaczka, Julia F. Silvernail, Daniel Jandacka

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of fatigue on footstrike patterns in two groups of habitually non-rearfoot runners. Twenty-eight runners participating in this study were divided into two groups by their weekly mileage. Participants completed a VO2max test to determine the velocity for the fatiguing run. Kinematic, physiological and biochemical data from the beginning and the remaining 3 minutes of fatiguing treadmill run were obtained. The overall time for fatiguing run exceeded 40 minutes (t = 48,1 ± 3,6 min.). The foot angle at the instant of initial contact significantly changed in both groups following fatigue. …