Novel Mechanisms Of Peripheral Vascular Dysfunction In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes,
2020
University of Texas at Arlington
Novel Mechanisms Of Peripheral Vascular Dysfunction In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ben Earl Young
Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive
Currently, over 30 million adults in the United States have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2D). Importantly, T2D disproportionately augments the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. A hallmark characteristic of T2D is insulin resistance (IR), defined as a reduced tissue responsiveness to insulin stimulation, which contributes to prolonged periods of post-prandial hyperglycemia and is associated with a compensatory rise in pancreatic insulin secretion (hyperinsulinemia). Importantly, there is a well-known bi-directional association between the degree of IR/hyperinsulinemia and hypertension (HTN), with nearly …
Dysregulated Calcium Signaling In Cardiomyocytes From Diabetic Atrial Fibrillation To Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy,
2020
University of Texas at Arlington
Dysregulated Calcium Signaling In Cardiomyocytes From Diabetic Atrial Fibrillation To Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, Xian Liu
Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive
Ca2+ is a vital second messenger in cardiomyocytes and controls excitation-contraction coupling. It also regulates cell cycle, apoptosis, hypertrophy and downstream gene transcription in the heart remodeling. Calcium homeostasis is a complicated network and the intracellular Ca2+ signaling is composed of different Ca2+ movements like Ca2+ spikes [1], waves and oscillations [2-4]. The spatially-temporally regulated Ca2+ signaling is orchestrated with the Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor (RyR) or IP3 receptor (IP3R) from Ca2+ stores such as sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER), recycling of Ca2+ from cell plasma back to the ER and Ca2+ influx through plasma membrane (PM) from extracellular space. There …
Effects Of Flywheel Resistance Training On Muscle Function And Sport-Specific Performance In Collegiate Club Water Polo Players,
2020
Utah State University
Effects Of Flywheel Resistance Training On Muscle Function And Sport-Specific Performance In Collegiate Club Water Polo Players, Jennifer Xu
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Flywheel training has been shown to be beneficial for improving a multitude of muscle function and performance parameters, but its short-term training effects on athletic performance have yet to be established. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of four weeks of flywheel squat training on lower body muscle function adaptations and sport-specific performance in collegiate club water polo players. METHODS: Thirteen men and women who participated in collegiate club water polo performed flywheel squat training twice a week for four weeks. Isokinetic knee extension peak power (PP) and peak torque (PT), flywheel squat peak power (FPP) and mean power (FMP), countermovement …
Evaluating The Implementation And Effectiveness Of The Switch-Ms: An Ecological, Multi-Component Adolescent Obesity Prevention Intervention,
2020
Louisiana State Univ, Sch Kinesiol, Baton Rouge, LA
Evaluating The Implementation And Effectiveness Of The Switch-Ms: An Ecological, Multi-Component Adolescent Obesity Prevention Intervention, Senlin Chen, Richard R. Rosenkranz, Gabriella M. Mcloughlin, Spyridoula Vazou, Lorraine Lanningham-Foster, Douglas A. Gentile, David A. Dzewaltowski
Faculty Publications
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of an ecological, multi-component adolescent obesity prevention intervention called School Wellness Integration Targeting Child Health-Middle School (SWITCH-MS).Methods: Following the effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 3 quasi-experimental design, seven middle schools (377 students) in Iowa, United States, were stratified into "experienced" (n= 3; 110 students) or "inexperienced" (n= 4; 267 students) groups to receive the 12-week SWITCH-MS intervention. To evaluate implementation, school informants (n= 10) responded to a survey and students completed behavioral tracking in the classroom on a website. For effectiveness evaluation, students in 6th, 7th, and 8th grades …
Impact Of Varying Dosages Of Fish Oil On Recovery And Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise,
2020
Kennesaw State University
Impact Of Varying Dosages Of Fish Oil On Recovery And Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise, Trisha A. Van Dusseldorp, Kurt A. Escobar, Kelly E. Johnson, Matthew T. Stratton, Terence Moriarty, Chad M. Kerksick, Gerald T. Mangine, Alyssa J. Holmes, Matthew Lee, Marvin R. Endito, Christine M. Mermier
Kinesiology
Fish oils (FOs) are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have been purported to enhance recovery of muscular performance and reduce soreness post-exercise. However, the most effective FO dose for optimizing recovery remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of FO supplementation dosing on the recovery of measures of muscular performance, perceived soreness, and markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of eccentric exercise. Thirty-two college-aged resistance-trained males (~23.6 years, 71.6 kg, 172.1 cm) were supplemented with 2, 4, 6 g/day (G) FO or placebo (PL) for ~7.5 weeks. Following 7 weeks …
Folk Physics In The Twenty-First Century: Understanding Tooling As Embodied,
2020
University of Georgia
Folk Physics In The Twenty-First Century: Understanding Tooling As Embodied, Dorothy M. Fragaszy, Madhur Mangalam
Journal Articles
Povinelli’s (2000) studies with chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) reported in “Folk Physics for Apes” were firmly grounded in a Cartesian view of knowledge, which posits that humans use abstract concepts such as force, gravity, and shape to reason causally about events and plan our actions (with tools in the case of Folk Physics for Apes). Povinelli set out to examine if chimpanzees, like humans, used causal concepts to solve mechanical problems, as the Cartesian view predicts. However, Povinelli’s findings uniformly challenged his expectations. Povinelli’s book stimulated research and contributed to the development of alternate understandings of how animals (including humans) use …
The Influence Of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Motor Function In Parkinson’S Disease,
2020
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The Influence Of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Motor Function In Parkinson’S Disease, Lidio Lima De Albuquerque
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder and the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. PD is characterized by dopaminergic cell loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which leads to a reduction in dopamine in the striatum. These physiological mechanisms lead to a number of motor impairments such as bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability that severely limit the ability of individuals with PD to perform many essential daily living activities. Although current pharmacological, surgical, and physical exercise treatment approaches are valuable they are either only mildly effective, expensive, or associated with a variety of side effects. Therefore, …
Does Wearing Multiple Pairs Of Shoes Influence Injury Rates?,
2020
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Does Wearing Multiple Pairs Of Shoes Influence Injury Rates?, Julien Mihy
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Running research has attempted to better understand the causes of movement-related injuries and a large segment of this research revolves around footwear and training regimens. A survey has reported lower injury rates in runners who wore multiple shoes with in a 5-month period. Previous literature lacks the analysis of variables leading to training related decisions and whether wearing multiple pairs of shoes can have an extended influence on injury rates. PURPOSE: To determine whether wearing multiple pairs of shoes has an influence on injury rates. METHODS: A survey was developed to ask participant’s injury related history along with their footwear, …
The Effects Of Different Set Configurations On Concentric Velocities In The Barbell Back Squat,
2020
East Tennessee State University
The Effects Of Different Set Configurations On Concentric Velocities In The Barbell Back Squat, Hanson Wong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine if concentric velocities of lighter loads of could be augmented if they are performed heavier working sets. Twelve trained males with experience in the barbell back squat performed a 5RM and completed two separate squat training session conditions that consisted of three sets of five repetitions with 85% of their 5RM. Both conditions differed in the placement of a reduced-load set that was either performed after the working sets or during the warm-up period. No significant differences were observed in the working set MCVs in both conditions. Additionally, no significant differences were …
The Relationship Between Cell-Free Dna And Resistance Training,
2020
East Tennessee State University
The Relationship Between Cell-Free Dna And Resistance Training, Henry Lang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary purposes of this dissertation were to explore relationship between cell free DNA (cf-DNA), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), vertical jump testing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in response to a high-volume resistance training protocol, and to assess the sensitivity of cf-DNA to different resistance training volume loads. The secondary purpose was to examine the relationship between cf-DNA and relative strength. Study 1 was an exploratory attempt to discover relationships between cf-DNA, CK, CRP, delayed onset muscle soreness, and performance variables. Seventeen resistance trained males were recruited, 9 were randomly assigned to receive BCAAs while 8 received a …
The Effects Of Increasing Running Speed On Vgrf And Asymmetry,
2020
East Tennessee State University
The Effects Of Increasing Running Speed On Vgrf And Asymmetry, Kaela M. Hierholzer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Biomechanical and physiological parameters related to running performance are usually studied separately. However, evaluating both aspects together could be beneficial in improving athletic performance. The purpose of this study was to observe the change in peak vGRF and asymmetry as speed increases, while observing physiological responses during a O2maxtest. Data from athlete monitoring of 12 cross-country and triathlon athletes were analyzed. The athlete monitoring protocol included three unweighted countermovement jumps and a O2maxtest performed by the athletes. The athletes had an average O2maxof 53.4 ± 7.7 mL/kg/min, while their average vGRF asymmetry throughout the …
The Effect Of Random And Blocked Practice On Tennis Basic Skills Among University Students,
2020
Universiti Malaya
The Effect Of Random And Blocked Practice On Tennis Basic Skills Among University Students, Al. Azzawi Ali Ahmed Hameed
Student Works (2020-2029)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two different practices (Blocked & Random) on learning tennis basic skills (Forehand & Backhand) for Iraqi university students. A total of 90 students participated in this study. The study was conducted using quasi-experimental research design where tennis basic skills tests was administered to the students before and after the treatment process. The students were divided into three groups of 30 students each group. For the experimental groups, blocked practice was assigned to the first group while blocked practice was assigned to the second group. The controlled group followed traditional …
Physical Activity, Eating Behaviours And Body Satisfaction Among Private Preschoolers In Putrajaya,
2020
Universiti Malaya
Physical Activity, Eating Behaviours And Body Satisfaction Among Private Preschoolers In Putrajaya, Poh Then Woh
Student Works (2020-2029)
Numerous studies had focused on examining the physical activity level, eating behaviours and body satisfaction worldwide. Additionally, some researchers have explored the gender differences of primary school students and adolescents as well as the correlation between these three variables. However, there are fewer studies that involve preschoolers and young children. Hence, the purpose of this study is to seek better understanding of the physical activity level, eating behaviour and body satisfaction among pre-schoolers in Malaysia. The Federal Territory of Putrajaya was being selected as the study’s location as it marked the highest percentage of children; and highest overweight and obesity …
Assessment Of Coordination And Proprioception In Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder,
2020
Old Dominion University
Assessment Of Coordination And Proprioception In Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Taylor Kristina Jones
Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social and communicative delays. It is known that those with ASD exhibit lower activity levels and decreased proprioception to some extent. The biomechanics of movement in ASD has not been assessed thoroughly enough to provide information on ASD specific movement patterns, and no studies have been performed examining work and recovery. The purpose of this study is to examine whether 1) inter-limb and intra-limb coordination patterns during walking and running differ between youth with ASD and neurotypical sex, age, and BMI-matched controls. Youth with ASD (N=8) and their BMI, age, and sex matched …
Aging, Gait Variability, And Adaptability,
2020
Old Dominion University
Aging, Gait Variability, And Adaptability, Collin Douglas Bowersock
Health Services Research Dissertations
The purpose of this work was to study the relationships between age, measures of gait variability, and locomotor adaptability. Measures of gait variability are used to identify maladapted locomotor behavior, motor disease, and risk of falls. The first aim was to determine the relationships between age and measures of gait variability. Thirty-four participants (23-71 years old) walked on a treadmill for 6 minutes at their preferred speed. Variability of stride times and lengths was computed via linear measures (standard deviation and coefficient of variation) and nonlinear measures (sample entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis). Movement trajectory variability of the dominant knee …
Sagittal And Frontal Plane Knee Angular Jerk Effects During Prolonged Load Carriage,
2020
Boise State University
Sagittal And Frontal Plane Knee Angular Jerk Effects During Prolonged Load Carriage, Samantha M. Krammer
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are a costly military problem that routinely occur during training. Quantifying smoothness of knee motion, or angular knee jerk, may be an effective measure to monitor injury risk during training, but to date, the effects of body borne load and prolonged locomotion on angular knee jerk are unknown. Purpose: This study sought to quantify angular knee jerk for frontal and sagittal plane motion during prolonged load carriage. Methods: Eighteen participants had peak and cost of angular jerk for frontal and sagittal plane knee motion quantified while they walked (1.3 m/s) 60-minutes with three body borne loads (0, …
Effects Of Prolonged Load Carriage Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics,
2020
Boise State University
Effects Of Prolonged Load Carriage Of Knee Adduction Biomechanics, Micah Daniel Drew
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in service members is twice that of the general population. Yet, it is currently unknown how body borne load and duration of walking with body borne load impact knee adduction, biomechanics linked to progression and severity of OA. Purpose: This study sought to examine magnitude and variability of knee adduction joint angle and moment throughout a prolonged walking task with body borne load. Methods: Eighteen participants had knee biomechanics quantified every five minutes while they walked at 1.3 m/s during a 60-minute over-ground walking task with three body-borne loads (unloaded, 15 kg and 30 …
Do Different Pathologies Affect The Relationship Between The Stiffness Of The Plantar Fascia And The Function Of The Mtp Joint?,
2020
Old Dominion University
Do Different Pathologies Affect The Relationship Between The Stiffness Of The Plantar Fascia And The Function Of The Mtp Joint?, Madeline Ryan Pauley
Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Compared to healthy individuals, individuals with plantar fasciitis and diabetes experience material and structural property changes to soft tissues in the feet. The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between material properties, power absorption, and energy storage characteristics to metatarsal power between healthy, plantar fasciitis symptomatic and asymptomatic, and diabetic participants. Investigating material change differences as well as energy storage and transfer trends in different pathology groups can lead to a better overall understanding of power transfer at the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP). Participants were recruited for kinematic gait analysis and lower extremity shear wave elastography analysis and …
The Influence Of Normalization Technique On Between-Muscle Activation During A Back-Squat,
2020
University of St. Thomas
The Influence Of Normalization Technique On Between-Muscle Activation During A Back-Squat, J Adam Korak, Brett D. Bruininks, Max R. Paquette
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(1): 1098-1107, 2020. Currently, no gold standard electromyography (EMG) normalizing technique exists when conducting between-muscle comparisons of muscle activity during isotonic resistance training exercises. The aim of this study was to assess if between-muscle activation during the back-squat differed among electromyography (EMG) normalization techniques when normalizing to: (1) 1 repetition maximum (1RM), (2) maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and (3) the first of a set of three repetitions (Rep1%) in trained female lifters. Thirteen participants completed a back-squat 1RM, MVIC of the rectus-femoris (RF) and gluteus-maximus (GM), and three repetitions of the back-squat at 80% …
Impact Of 12-Weeks Of Nordic Pole Walking On Arterial Stiffness In Sedentary Overweight And Obese Adults,
2020
James Madison University
Impact Of 12-Weeks Of Nordic Pole Walking On Arterial Stiffness In Sedentary Overweight And Obese Adults, Arbër N. Shehu
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Arterial stiffness (AS) is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Regular aerobic exercise is considered to improve AS. Nordic walking provides important health benefits, however, the effect of this walking method as treatment for AS remains unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled study to examine the effect of a 12-week supervised group walking intervention (controlled pace, ~3000 steps/day, 30 minutes/day, 5 times/week), with (NW) and without (SW) Nordic poles, on AS in sedentary overweight and obese adults. Fourteen individuals were randomly assigned to NW (n=7; median age 54.0 years; body mass index (BMI)=31.3 kg/m2) or …
