Kinesiology Commons^™

The Impact Of Early Morning Training Sessions On Total Sleep Time In Collegiate Athletes, Brandon Merfeld, Austin Mancosky, Joel Luedke, Shalynn Griesmer, Jacob Erickson, Victoria Carvalho, Andrew R. Jagim

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 423-433, 2022. Early morning training sessions may affect sleep quantity in athletes. The purpose of this study is to examine differences in total sleep time of collegiate athletes on nights prior to early morning training sessions relative to non-training nights. Wristwatch monitors equipped with photoplethysmography and accelerometer technology were worn by 18 NCAA Division III collegiate athletes (Age: 20.1 ± 1.6 years, Height: 1.81 ± 0.02 m, Body Mass: 91.2 ± 6.5 kg, Body Fat %: 20.8 ± 1.6%) during a two-week period of training to monitor total sleep times. Athletes recorded time in …

Comparison Of A Continuous And Discontinuous Gxt On Vo2 In Resistance-Trained And Endurance-Trained Males, Brandon D. Shepherd, Ffion G. Price, Ben Krings, Johneric W. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 414-422, 2022. Traditional graded exercise testing to assess maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) may not well represent resistance-trained athletes due to their unfamiliarity with continuous exercise. For this reason, it is possible discontinuous exercise protocols may better represent the maximum capacity for aerobic metabolism in resistance-trained athletes, in order to provide a more valid assessment of VO_2max and risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to compare VO_2peak during a continuous and discontinuous modified Bruce protocol in both highly resistance-trained and endurance-trained males. Methods: 19 college-aged …

Is It Safe For Hemodialysis Patients To Seek Gains With Less Pain? Acute Hemodynamic Response To Intradialytic Blood Flow Restriction Training, Rony Nobre, Rodrigo Cardoso, Aline Araujo, Rafael Orcy, Jeniffer Aquino, Larissa Ribeiro, Rafaela Catto, Ana Carolina Conteratto, Airton Rombaldi, Maristela Bohlke

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 434-441, 2022. Considering that the hemodynamic safety is a major concern about intradialytic exercise with blood flow restriction, this analysis was performed to compare the blood pressure (BP) behavior during the first two hours of hemodialysis (HD) between sessions with no exercise (control group, CG), low/moderate intensity aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (BFRE) and conventional aerobic exercise (AE). Adult patients with chronic kidney disease on HD at a university hospital were randomly assigned and submitted to a 12-week intradialytic training with BFRE or AE compared with the CG group. The main outcomes of …

Physiological Responses To Acute Cycling With Blood Flow Restriction, Matthew A. Kilgas, Tejin Yoon, John Mcdaniel, Kevin Phillips, Steve Elmer

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) can improve muscular function and aerobic capacity. However, the extent to which cuff pressure influences acute physiological responses to aerobic exercise with BFR is not well documented. We compared blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and neuromuscular responses to acute cycling with and without BFR. Ten participants completed four intermittent cycling (6 × 2 min) conditions: low-load cycling (LL), low-load cycling with BFR at 60% of limb occlusion pressure (BFR60), low-load cycling with BFR at 80% of limb occlusion pressure (BFR80), and high-load cycling (HL). Tissue oxygenation, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses were assessed during …

Effects Of High-Volume Versus High-Load Resistance Training On Skeletal Muscle Growth And Molecular Adaptations, Christopher G. Vann, Casey L. Sexton, Shelby C. Osburn, Morgan A. Smith, Cody T. Haun, Melissa N. Rumbley, Petey W. Mumford, Nathan T. Montgomery, Bradley A. Ruple, James Mckendry, Jonathan Mcleod, Adil Bashir, Ronald J. Beyers, Matthew S. Brook, Kenneth Smith, Philip J. Atherton, Darren T. Beck, James R. Mcdonald, Kaeilin C. Young, Stuart M. Phillips, Michael D. Roberts

Faculty Scholarship

We evaluated the effects of higher-load (HL) versus (lower-load) higher-volume (HV) resistance training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, strength, and muscle-level molecular adaptations. Trained men (n = 15, age: 23 ± 3 years; training experience: 7 ± 3 years) performed unilateral lower-body training for 6 weeks (3× weekly), where single legs were randomly assigned to HV and HL paradigms. Vastus lateralis (VL) biopsies were obtained prior to study initiation (PRE) as well as 3 days (POST) and 10 days following the last training bout (POSTPR). Body composition and strength tests were performed at each testing session, and biochemical assays were …

Employment With The Northwest Territories Aquatics Program: A Significant Life Event?, Sebastien Denize, Audrey R. Giles

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

For over 60 years, the Northwest Territories Aquatics Program (NWTAP) has employed university students from southern Canada with little to no exposure to northern Canada to run seasonal swimming pools and waterfronts in isolated northern communities. In this article, we examine the impact that working for this program had on nine former employees’ lives and whether or not working for the NWTAP could be categorized as a significant life experience. We used thematic analysis of the data from retrospective semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires and identified four themes: (1) employment by the NWTAP enhanced the employees’ self-confidence, independence, and self-efficacy; …

Content, Construct, And Criterion Validity, Reliability, And Objectivity For Aquatic Readiness Assessment For Brazilian Children, Nadia C. Valentini, Keila R G Pereira, Glauber C. Nobre

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The Aquatic Readiness Assessment (ARA) is an assessment instrument for measuring children's aquatic readiness. The objective of the study was to translate the English version into Portuguese and to investigate the content, construct, and criterion validity as well as the reliability and rater objectivity of the ARA for Brazilian children. Twenty-three professionals and 464 children, newborn to 13 years-old participated in the study. We found strong content (94% to 100% of judges’ agreement) and criterion validity, internal consistency (α from .96 to .97), and inter-rater objectivity (ICC from .81 to .98), and test-retest reliability (ICC from .94 to .98). Appropriate …

Ability Of Lifeguards To Detect Submerged Manikins In Public Swimming Pool Environments, Élie Vignac, Pascal Lebihain, Brice Guignard, Natacha Heutte, Loic Le Minor, Bastien Soulé

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

To prevent drownings in public swimming pools (PSP), French legislation requires constant surveillance by state-certified lifeguards. While previous research showed that surveillance was not always effective, this article focuses on efficiency of surveillance when it is effective. We evaluated the ability of 4 volunteer professional lifeguards to detect a submerged manikin under controlled conditions. One hundred and eight (108) tests were carried out in 2 PSP. Four variables were controlled (i.e., distance, depth, surveillance station, attendance). Our results showed that rapid drowning detection was not exclusively linked to the individual detection capabilities of a lifeguard, but rather it emerged from …

Effective Lifeguard Scanning: A Review, Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D., Francesco (Frank) A. Pia Ph.D., Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this scientific review was to address the question of what evidence-based visual surveillance/scanning skills exist in the peer-reviewed scholarly literature. It is well known that lifeguards spend a majority of their on-duty time surveying bathers and swimmers in the water. Lifeguards need to quickly distinguish among swimmers in distress and drowning persons from other bathers in order to rapidly come to their aid to prevent drowning. To be able to accomplish this task, Signal Detection Theory reveals that lifeguards need specific and extensive training in identifying the behavioral patterns associated with drowning persons and swimmers in distress. …

Lifeguard Performance Skills: A Systematic Review, Paulo Santiago, Filipe Maia, Sandra Santiago, Daniel Duarte, Pedro Teques

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Drowning is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and lifeguards’ action can be regarded as a significant contribution to change that reality. In this regard, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors associated with lifeguards’ performance. After extensive research on PsycArticles, PsicBooks, PsycInfo, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and SportDiscus databases, containing the keywords “lifeguard” AND “performance”, “lifeguard” AND “skills” and “lifeguard” AND “drowning”, we obtained 429 research articles. After eliminating duplicates, excluding those that had no relevance to the study, and screening against set criteria, a total of five articles were fully reviewed. …

The Optimal Relationship Between Actuator Stiffness And Actuation Timing For A Passive Ankle Exoskeleton: An Opensim Simulation, Cody Anderson, Hafizur Rahman, Sara Myers

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Introduction

The passive ankle exoskeleton developed by Collins et al. (2015) reduced the metabolic cost of walking with an actuation-timing of ~16% of stance [1]; however, other actuation timings have not been extensively investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal relationship between actuator-stiffness and actuation-timing for a passive ankle exoskeleton by using musculoskeletal modeling.

Methods

Kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded while a healthy-young male walked on overground force-plates, and these data were exported to a musculoskeletal modeling software (OpenSim) for simulation. A passive ankle exoskeleton model was designed and integrated with a default …

Ankle Foot Orthoses Improves Ground Reaction Forces In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Zahra Salamifar, Farah Fallahtafti, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Hafizur Rahman, Mahdi Hassan, Sara Myers

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerotic blockage of the arteries in the legs. Globally, over 236 million people suffer from PAD. Intermittent claudication is the most common PAD symptom that includes muscle pain, cramping, and/or aching induced by physical activities and relieved with rest. PAD impacts gait patterns: specifically, rapid ankle plantar flexion after heel contact, which decreases optimal energy transfer. An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is an assistive device that improves gait in patients with neurological conditions. AFOs could help patients with PAD to improve walking kinetics. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of …

Design And Development Of Software With A Graphical User Interface To Display And Convert Multiple Microscopic Histology Images, Sayed Ahmadreza Razian, Majid Jadidi, Alexey Kamenskiy

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Histological images are widely used to assess the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Recent advancements in image analysis allow the identification of structural features on histological sections that can help advance medical device development, brain and cancer research, drug discovery, vascular mechanobiology, and many other fields. Histological slide scanners create images in SVS and TIFF formats that were designed to archive image blocks and high-resolution textual information. Because these formats were primarily intended for storage, they are often not compatible with conventional image analysis software and require conversion before they can be used in research. We have developed a user-friendly …

Muscle Forces And Power Are Significantly Reduced During Walking In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Hafizur Rahman, Cody Anderson, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, George P. Casale, Jianghu Dong, Holly Despiegelaere, Mahdi Hassan, Sara A. Myers

Journal Articles

Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) have significantly reduced lower extremity muscle strength compared with healthy individuals as measured during isolated, single plane joint motion by isometric and isokinetic strength dynamometers. Alterations to the force contribution of muscles during walking caused by PAD are not well understood. Therefore, this study used simulations with PAD biomechanics data to understand lower extremity muscle functions in patients with PAD during walking and to compare that with healthy older individuals. A total of 12 patients with PAD and 10 age-matched healthy older controls walked across a 10-meter pathway with reflective markers on their …

The Faith, Activity, And Nutrition (Fan) Dissemination And Implementation Study: Changes In And Maintenance Of Organizational Practices Over 24 Months In A Statewide Initiative, Sarah Wilcox Phd, Kelsey R. Day, Ruth P. Saunders, Danielle E. Jake-Schoffman, Andrew T. Kaczynski, Jessica Stucker, Caroline G. Dunn, John Bernhart Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Background

Few studies have examined the impact of ecological health promotion interventions on organizational practices over time, especially in faith-based settings. This statewide dissemination and implementation study examined change in organizational practices and their predictors across a 24-month period, as well as maintenance of change.

Methods

Using a pre-post quasi-experimental design, church coordinators from 92 United Methodist Churches in South Carolina (42% predominantly African American congregations) completed surveys at baseline, and immediate, 12-, and 24-months post-training regarding physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) organizational practices consistent with the Faith, Activity, and Nutrition (FAN) program (opportunities, policies, pastor support, messages) …

Low-Cost Prosthetic Feet For Underserved Populations: A Comparison Of Gait Analysis And Mechanical Stiffness, Kaleigh Renninger, Brevin Banks, Dustin A. Bruening

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2022

• Lower limb loss is an ongoing cause of disability throughout the world.
• Despite advancements in prosthetic technologies, there are numerous underserved populations in need of effective low-cost prosthetic foot options.

The Effects Of Exercise On Inflammatory Biomarkers Over A 36-H Fast, Austin F. Duersch, Bruce W. Bailey, Landon S. Deru, Jacob Coleman, Hunter Chamberlain, Spencer Cleverly

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2022

Diet-induced chronic inflammation has become a popular point of discussion over recent years in lifestyle medicine as studies have uncovered the effects that inflammation markers have on chronic diseases including heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis. Each time we eat, an immune response is stimulated resulting in increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers.1,2 Interventions to help lower inflammation could help promote longevity and decrease risk of chronic diseases. This study assessed the impact of an acute 36h fast with and without exercise at the beginning on inflammatory biomarkers IL-6, C-peptide, GIP, MCP-1, and TNF-alpha.

The Metabolic Effects Of Exercise And A Pre-Exercise Snack During A 30-Hour Fast, Katelynn Hales, Hil'ilei Chan, Landon S. Deru, Jake Moss, Bruce W. Bailey Ph.D.

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2022

As incidence rates of chronic illnesses continue to increase, many pharmacological and lifestyle interventions have been undertaken to pinpoint effective treatment and prevention tools to combat them. One such intervention of recent interest includes the use of fasting. Ketones, a product of fat breakdown, are thought to be a key player in some of the health benefits achieved through fasting. Despite potential benefits, adhering to a fasting regimen can be difficult. While it is generally well-tolerated, some experience negative side effects,² indicating potential issues with long-term adherence. Heilbronn et al. suggest that a small meal on fasting days may be …

Validity Of Ultrasound Imaging For Intrinsic Foot Muscle Cross-Sectional Area Measurements Demonstrated By Strong Agreement With Mri, Dallin C. Swanson, Joshua K. Sponbeck, Derek A. Swanson, Connor D. Stephens, Steven P. Allen, Ulrike H. Mitchell, James D. George, A. Wayne Johnson

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2022

Intrinsic foot muscles maintain foot structural integrity and contribute to functional movement, posture and balance Thus, assessing intrinsic foot muscle size and strength are important One way to assess strength of a muscle is by measuring its cross sectional area ( Magnetic resonance imaging ( and ultrasound ( are two modalities allowing for visualization of these muscle bodies MRI has been shown to accurately image the individual muscles but is costly and time consuming US imaging may provide an alternative that is less costly and more readily available The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reproducibility …

Living A Long Life Is A Multi-Step Process, Alexander H. K. Montoye, Scott A. Conger

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

There is a strong link between physical activity and health. Historically, large-scale epidemiological studies have used self-report surveys to capture physical activity measures (eg, type and intensity). In the past 20–30 years, large cohort studies have increasingly adopted devices, such as pedometers, accelerometers, and consumer-marketed activity trackers, to measure physical activity. Device-based physical activity measures alleviate some limitations of self-reporting by increasing measurement objectivity and accuracy. Additionally, device-based measures often show stronger associations with health outcomes than do self-reported measures, showcasing their value in understanding how physical activity affects health. Unlike self-report, device-based measures can capture steps, which are easily …