Biomechanics Commons^™

A Robust Technique For Optimal Fitting Of Roll-Over Shapes Of Human Locomotor Systems, Ganesh M. Bapat, Sara A. Myers

Journal Articles

The roll-over shape (ROS) effectively characterizes the lower limb's ability to roll forward during the single-limb support phase of human walking. ROS is modelled as an optimally fitted circular arc to the center of pressure (CoP) data transformed in the shank/leg-based local coordinate system. The commonly used method for optimal fitting of ROS is complex to implement and eliminates inherent individual variability in the ROS parameters during walking. We propose and validate a novel computerized method for optimal fitting of roll-over shapes of the lower limb during walking. Gait data of a healthy individual from Winter's book was used …

Forty Years, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Automatic Posture Correction Utilizing Electrical Muscle Stimulation, Ravi Kiran Kattoju

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Habitually poor posture can lead to repetitive strain injuries that lower an individual's quality of life and productivity. Slouching over computer screens and smart phones, asymmetric weight distribution due to uneven leg loading, and improper loading posture are some of the common examples that lead to postural problems and health ramifications. To help cultivate good postural habits, researchers have proposed slouching, balance, and improper loading posture detection systems that alert users through traditional visual, auditory or vibro-tactile feedbacks when posture requires attention. However, such notifications are disruptive and can be easily ignored. We address these issues with a new physiological …

Exploration Of Warm-Up Protocols On Muscular Fatigue, Sahil Kapadia

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Muscular dystrophy is a genetically linked myopathy with no cure available. The lack of a cure makes early detection and treatment of muscular dystrophy imperative. When reviewing protocols examining muscular fatigue at submaximal isometric contractions, proper warm-up appeared to be absent and could have caused skewed results and conclusions. This study examines the effects of implementing a warm-up protocol before fatiguing trials. In this study, 10 adult subjects conducted fatiguing protocols with the right rectus at submaximal isometric contractions. The warm-up period included a light walk along with contractions at 20% and 33% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) levels. …

Effects Of Various Golf Bag Loading Strategies On Perceived Exertion And Vertical Jump Performance, Austen Arnold

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: The sport of golf is increasing in popularity among both novice and skilled players alike. A round of golf necessitates players to cope with a range of physically demanding movement patterns. At the collegiate level, golfers must transport their clubs by loading them onto the body. Previous literature has yet to determine how different golf bag carrying positions influence periodic, unloaded jump performance and perceived exertion of the load carrying task. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate how different golf bag load carriage methods may influence vertical jump performance and perceived exertion. METHODS: Five golf bag …

Meeting The 24-H Movement Guidelines And Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study, Chunxiao Li, Justin A. Haegele, Fenghua Sun, Maria Luiza Tanure Alves, Stefanie Hwee Chee Ang, Jihyun Lee, Kwok Ng, Isabella Dos Santos Alves, Sean Healy, Wendy Yajun Huang, Pauli Rintala, Jernice Sing Yee Tan, Yandan Wu, Hannah Yang, Eija Kärnä, Hyokju Maeng, André Lisandro Schliemann

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: Meeting daily guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration is associated with a host of health indicators for youth. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the associations between adherence to the movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Parents of youth with ASD (10-17 years) from seven countries and regions were invited to provide online proxy-reports for child's movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep and screen time), and health-related outcomes (i.e., body mass index [BMI], general health, and quality of life). A series of multiple linear regression analyses were used …

Analyse Du Concept De Marge De Manœuvre En Ergonomie Du Point De Vue Du Contrôle De La Motricité Humaine, Philippe Corbeil, André Plamondon, Denys Denis

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Le concept de marge de manœuvre se définit comme la liberté dont dispose un travailleur pour élaborer différentes façons de travailler afin de répondre aux exigences de production, et ce, sans effet défavorable sur sa santé (Coutarel, Caroly, Vézina et Daniellou, 2015; St-Vincent et al., 2011). Une forte charge de travail jumelée à une faible latitude décisionnelle restreint l’élaboration des gestes et pourrait pénaliser ainsi la santé des opérateurs. Les connaissances actuelles des façons de faire des manutentionnaires, qu’ils soient experts ou non, ne nous permettent pas d’apprécier dans sa totalité l’ampleur de cette liberté lorsqu’un individu doit répéter …

Velocity Field Measurements Of The California Sea Lion Propulsive Stroke Using Bubble Piv, Gino Perrotta, Frank E. Fish, Danielle S. Adams, Ariel M. Leahy, Abigal M. Downs, Megan C. Leftwich

Biology Faculty Publications

California sea lions are among the most agile of swimming mammals. Most marine mammals swim with their hind appendages-flippers or flukes, depending on the species-whereas sea lions use their foreflippers for propulsion and maneuvering. The sea lion's propulsive stroke generates thrust by forming a jet between the flippers and the body and by dragging a starting vortex along the suction side of the flipper. Prior experiments using robotic flippers have shown these mechanisms to be possible, but no flow measurements around live sea lions previously existed with which to compare. In this study, the flow structures around swimming sea lions …

The Correlation Between Acl Injury & Concussion, Brandon Michael Phillips

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Concussion (also known as mild traumatic brain injury) is a neurological injury that occurs after a blow to the head or neck area and can have affects to movement based on the severity of the injury. Mild traumatic brain injury has possible linkage to an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The purpose of this thesis was to assess the impact of prior concussion on lower extremity mechanics that are associated with risk of ACL injury. A total of 11 individuals with prior history of concussion and 11 healthy individuals without prior history of concussion (56.5 months since …

Submaximal Electromyography-Driven Musculoskeletal Modeling Of The Human Trunk During Static Tasks: Equilibrium And Stability Analyses, Farshid Ghezelbash, Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl, Denis Gagnon, Ali Shahvarpour, Navid Arjmand, Amir Hossein Eskandari, Christian Larivière

Études primaires

Conventional electromyography-driven (EMG) musculoskeletal models are calibrated during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) tasks, but individuals with low back pain cannot perform unbiased MVCs. To address this issue, EMG-driven models can be calibrated in submaximal tasks. However, the effects of maximal (when data points include the maximum contraction) and submaximal calibration techniques on model outputs (e.g., muscle forces, spinal loads) remain yet unknown. We calibrated a subject-specific EMG-driven model, using maximal/submaximal isometric contractions, and simulated different independent tasks. Both approaches satisfactorily predicted external moments (Pearson’s correlation ∼ 0.75; relative error = 44%), and removing calibration tasks under axial torques markedly improved …

Characterizing Locomotor Disturbance Perception In Young Adults, Daniel James Liss

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Falls during walking are a leading cause of injuries across aging. Many of these falls are due to slips and trips. The ability to perceive disturbances to ongoing motion may play an important role in the control of walking balance. However, disturbance perception has been investigated in standing balance, but its role in walking balance due to slip- and trip-like disturbances remains largely unknown. Characterizing locomotor disturbance perception in young adults may lead to a more comprehensive understanding of sensorimotor walking balance control.

This work defined locomotor disturbance perception in response to slip and trip-like disturbances in young adults. We …

An Examination Of Hip Muscle Activation In Those With Hip-Related Groin Pain During Single-Legged And Double-Legged Squats, Millissia A. Murro

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Approximately 60% of young adults who present with chronic hip pain suffer from hip-related groin pain (HRGP). HRGP causes individuals to experience pain, dysfunction, and have a lower quality of life when compared to healthy individuals. The most severe symptoms in these individuals occur during activities that cause the hip to go through a large range of motion, such as a squat. Hip muscle activation during this task may be altered in these individuals, yet we know little about its role in the disease process and pain level in those with HRGP. Current treatment for these individuals includes surgical and …

Biomechanical Evaluation Of Hand Representation For Typing In Virtual Reality, Mobasshira Zaman

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Virtual reality (VR) is becoming popular in the workplace recently. Text entry is thus now important for efficient office use and occupational use of VR, and VR paired with a conventional keyboard is suitable for long text entry. There has been a lack of research on physical demand, posture, motion, and cognitive demand, along with the performance of typing on VR. Presence of virtual hands while typing in VR may affect typing performance, physical demand, and posture. The focus of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical effect of hand representation for typing on VR using a conventional keyboard. Fifteen …

Study Protocol To Analyze The Effects Of Posture And Exoskeleton On Human Exposure To Hand-Transmitted Vibration, Parisa Torkinejad Ziarati

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Exposure to power hand tool-generated vibrations may lead to several health disorders collectively known as hand-arm vibration (HAV) syndromes. Power hand tools are often used in overhead postures in the manufacturing and construction industries. However, HAV risks are examined in the front-of-body posture in the existing safety standards and guidelines. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of overhead working posture on vibration transmissibility (VT) in the upper extremities (UEs) and the spine. Secondly, there is a rising trend of using occupational exoskeletons (Exos) in the manufacturing and construction industries, especially involving overhead work with power hand tools. However, …

The Development Of A Novel Throwing Assessment For Children With Cerebral Palsy, Cory Cribb

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is one of childhood's most common developmental disabilities. Cerebral palsy leads to dysfunction in the upper extremities due to symptoms such as low muscle power, spasticity, and increased tone. A modified throwing assessment was constructed to examine throwing performance as a measure of upper extremity function. Purpose: To determine if the modified throwing assessment is a reliable measure of throwing performance and if the modified throwing assessment is a valid measure of upper extremity power in children with CP. Methods: The study employed a test-retest design aimed at determining the reliability of a modified throwing assessment. Seven …

Evaluating Stability Of Human Spine In Static Tasks: A Combined In Vivo-Computational Study, Farshid Ghezelbash, Ali Shahvarpour, Christian Larivière, Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl

Études primaires

Various interpretations and parameters have been proposed to assess spinal stability such as antagonist muscle coactivity, trunk stiffness and spinal buckling load; however, the correlation between these parameters remains unknown. We evaluated spinal stability during different tasks while changing the external moment and load height and investigated likely relationships between different EMG- and model-based parameters (e.g., EMG coactivity ratio, trunk stiffness, force coactivity ratio) and stability margins. EMG and kinematics of 40 young healthy subjects were recorded during various quasi-static tasks. Muscle forces, trunk stiffness and stability margins were calculated by a nonlinear subject-specific EMG-assisted-optimization musculoskeletal model of the trunk. …

Using Skeleton Correction To Improve Flash Lidar-Based Gait Recognition, Nasrin Sadeghzadehyazdi, Tamal Batabyal, Alexander Glandon, Nibir Dhar, Babajide Familoni, Khan Iftekharuddin, Scott T. Acton

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents GlidarPoly, an efficacious pipeline of 3D gait recognition for flash lidar data based on pose estimation and robust correction of erroneous and missing joint measurements. A flash lidar can provide new opportunities for gait recognition through a fast acquisition of depth and intensity data over an extended range of distance. However, the flash lidar data are plagued by artifacts, outliers, noise, and sometimes missing measurements, which negatively affects the performance of existing analytics solutions. We present a filtering mechanism that corrects noisy and missing skeleton joint measurements to improve gait recognition. Furthermore, robust statistics are integrated with …

Analisis Biomekanika Free Throw Basket Sesuai Kaidah Dave Hopla, Fajar Awang Irawan, Wisnu Kerta Raharja, Tafriyadhur Risa Billah, Mirza Arif Ma'dum

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gerakan free throw sesuai dengan kaidah Dave Hopla. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan teknik tes dan pengukuran. Total sampel berjumlah 5 atlet PPLP Basket Kota Semarang yang telah mengisi inform consent dan menyetujui prosedur penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan rata rata waktu pada tahap persiapan sebesar 0,53 ± 0,13 detik dengan sudut ayunan sebesar 120°. Gerakan awalan sudut lengan 90° dan rata rata waktu 0,25 ± 0,04 detik dengan sudut fleksi lutut sebesar 99,04 ± 0,04 derajat. Data pada tahap pelaksanaan untuk waktu yang diperoleh sebesar 0,29 ± 0,07 detik dengan sudut fleksi lengan …

Biomechanical Evaluation Of Functional Ability And Postural Stability In Patients With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Disorder, Safi Ullah

Theses and Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a very common disease most prevalent in people with type-II diabetes. DPN is caused by high blood glucose levels that instigates nerve damage which results in sensation loss mainly in the lower extremities. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore into the motor disability resulting from DPN disorder by investigating into the muscle activation patterns, force output in lower extremity muscles, the onset of muscle fatigue and most importantly evaluating the postural stability in DPN patients and comparing the results to healthy control subjects. We hypothesize that the DPN patients suffer …

Defining The Role Of Elastic Fibers In Tendon Mechanics, Jeremy D. Eekhoff

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Tendons serve as a linking component of the musculoskeletal system by transferring forces between muscle and bone. As such, the structural proteins of the tendon extracellular matrix are of vital importance for the tissue to function properly and maintain its mechanical integrity. Collagen is the principal constituent of tendon and makes up its aligned hierarchical organization. Other structural proteins, such as elastin, are in comparison understudied and not well understood in relation to tendon function. Elastin, the main component of elastic fibers, has unique mechanical properties including high extensibility, fatigue resistance, and elasticity; these properties are important for elastin-rich tissues …