Sports Studies Commons^™

Hypothesized Mechanisms Through Which Exercise May Attenuate Memory Interference, Lindsay K. Crawford, Hong Li, Liye Zou, Gao Xia Wei, Paul D. Loprinzi

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. In this paper we introduce a mechanistic model through which exercise may enhance episodic memory, specifically via attenuating proactive and retroactive memory interference. We discuss the various types of memory, different stages of memory function, review the mechanisms behind forgetting, and the mechanistic role of exercise in facilitating pattern separation (to attenuate memory interference).

More Than Sport: A Case Study On Sport Diplomacy Within The 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, Caleb J. Mcneil

Experience Industry Management

Throughout society’s history and into today, sport continues to be at the forefront of leisure activities and the media. Those in the sports industry understand this constant attraction and therefore try to promote unity in terms of diplomatic, social and political relations. The purpose of this study was to examine the strategies implemented by Russia during the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics to promote sport diplomacy among athletes and fans. The researcher designed a case study examining the programs, marketing, and soft power strategies used by Russia during the Sochi Winter Olympics. The results indicate that Russia failed to capitalize on …

Exploring The Essence Of Participation Of The Female Puerto Rican Basketball Athlete, Roberto Medina

Masters Theses

In Puerto Rico, little is known regarding how female collegiate and professional basketball players perceive and experience their playing participation. The population of girls playing basketball has experienced recent increases. However, the culture in Puerto Rico has yet to embrace the participation of female basketball athletes. Attempting to address the void in scholarly literature, this study explored female athlete participation perceptions in competitive basketball within the Puerto Rican sport culture. The investigation implemented a qualitative approach using a phenomenological methodology to form descriptive themes. Data was obtained from 14 female basketball athletes, of which 10 were student-athletes, and four were …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 95, No. 19, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Dobbs, Jack. Board of Regents Committee to Raise Timothy Caboni Salary
• Nutter, Abbey. Popular Bowling Green Bar Closes After Just Two Years – Hideout Bar & Grill
• Chambers, Max. Pride Policy Problems – Diversity Policy
• Breu, Natasha. School of Media Director Committee Concludes Search
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Cows
• Dressman, Jake. Cows on Campus
• Warner, Casey. Tidball’s Showcases Bowling Green’s Best Rock’n’Roll
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Smiles from the Heart – Chandler Park Dental Care
• Marshall, Olivia. Above & Beyond – Kimber Morris
• Bunton, Gabby. What …

Distality Of Attentional Focus And Its Role In Postural Balance Control, Christian Kupper, Karen Roemer, Elizabeth Jusko, Karen Zentgraf

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

The role of attentional focusing in motor tasks has been highlighted frequently. The “internal–external” dimension has emerged, but also the spatial distance between body and attended location. In two experiments, an extended attentional focus paradigm was introduced to investigate distality effects of attentional foci on balance performance. First, the distality of the coordinates of the point of focus was varied between a proximal and distal position on an artificial tool attached to the body. Second, the distance of the displayed effect on the wall was varied between a 2.5 and 5 m condition. Subjects were instructed to focus on controlling …

Do Families That Tailgate Together Stay Together?, Meredith David, Luke C. Lorick

Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 95, No. 18, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Lamb, Cassady. Posted Up: Local Apartment Complexes Are Suing the United States Post Office
• Williams, Matthew. WKU to be Evaluated by Higher Education Consulting Firm
• Collins, Michael. Strategic Sustainability Plan to be Developed
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Racism
• Black History Month: Past & Present
• Warner, Casey. Kentucky Canabis Laws Are Behind the Times – Marijuana
• Dobbs, Jack. Bitter Sweet – Chocolate Festival, Hospice of Southern Kentucky
• Metcalf, Taylor. Fast Fashion
• Lowe, Julianna. Sustainable On-campus Bathroom Practices, In Public or Private
• Gaylord, Kaden. WKU Softball …

Examining Group Differences In Emotion Regulation Strategies And The State And Trait Anxiety Of Lifeguards And Non-Lifeguards In A Real-World Precompetitive Situation, Hannah Calverley, Dr Paul Davis, Dr Jack Harvey, Dr Christopher Mesagno

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences, between swimmer-lifeguards and swimmer-non-lifeguards, in trait and state anxiety and emotion regulation techniques in a real-life precompetitive situation with a secondary focus on gender differences. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale – 2 and the Mental Readiness Form – 3 were distributed to 100 participants at university swimming competitions in the United Kingdom. Swimmer-lifeguards displayed significantly lower cognitive (p=.03) and somatic state (p=.05) anxiety and cognitive trait anxiety (p=.02) than swimmer-non-lifeguards. Males reported significantly lower levels of cognitive and somatic trait anxiety (ppp=.01); no …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 95, No. 17, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Coyle, Cameron. Cut It Out – Athletics
• Williams, Matthew. Students Are More Concerned with Debt than Pursuing Interests
• Robinson, Andrew. Former Herald Editor Questions WKU Legitimacy as FBS Contender – Football
• Valentines from the College Heights Herald
• Bass, Morgan. Old Town Rodeo
• Lowe, Julianna. Black History – Intercultural Student Engagement Center
• Love Notes
• Gaylord, Kaden. WKU Softball Finishes Opening Weekend Above .500
• Bunton, Gabby. Entrepreneur Runs Two Businesses, On to Honor Mother – Kira Bowling
• Wells, Elliott. Poetic Camron Justice – Basketball
• Gadd, Matt. Lady …

Using Self-Assessment To Build Self-Efficacy And Intrinsic Motivation In Athletes: A Mixed Methods Explanatory Design On Female Adolescent Volleyball Players, Allan Knight Dr.

The Qualitative Report

The aim of this mixed-methods study was to address the issue of burnout and lack of motivation in middle and high school student-athletes. As young athletes cope with school and stresses of extracurricular activities, they often react negatively to external feedback and motivation. The athletes often find themselves in a low state of self-efficacy due to perceived external pressures. This can lead to burnout and ultimately quitting the sport. This study utilized a model that was designed to use self-assessment to increase self-efficacy among athletes to promote a higher sense of accomplishment and motivation toward success. The athletes were all …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 95, No. 16, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Alvey, Rebekah. Too Close to Home: WKU Halts Travel to China Due to Coronavirus
• Lamb, Cassady. The End of Curbside Recycling Pickup in Warren County
• Hobbs, Jack. Endowments Made to ISEC, Student Publications
• Rexing, Brody. Andy Beshear’s Budget Address Emphasizes Education First
• Bertucci, Leo. Academic Calendar to Include Shorter Winter Break
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Recycling
• Recycling & Waste Crisis
• Steele, Emma. In Her Honor – Megan Davidson
• Latture, Katelyn. We Can Do Hard Things – Megan Davidson
• Marshall, Olivia. Top Crops Gives Opportunities …

The Tokyo Olympic Stadium: Site Of National Memory, Akiko Hashimoto

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Olympic Games are burdened with this inherent paradox of universal humanism and chauvinistic nationalism. Japan took palpable national pride in being the first ever Asian host of the modern Olympic Games in 1964 and in executing the mission with zeal, precision and order. Hosting the 2020 Olympics again represents Japan’s aspiration to play a significant role in the global world – and rebranding Tokyo as a leading global city -- but this grand scheme has also invoked some antagonistic sentiments at home.

Adding Insult To Rivalry: Exploring The Discord Communicated Between Rivals, Jennifer L. Harker, Jonathan A. Jensen

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to extend current knowledge regarding rivalry communication among sport consumers to better understand how rivals behave with one another when they communicate.

Design/methodology/approach – This national survey of US sport consumers used a novel approach to explore whether and with whom rivals discuss National Football League (NFL) game outcomes. The survey captured both uniplex and multiplex data by asking respondents to name rival discussants with whom they had recently interacted, and the fan behaviors they exchanged with those named rival discussants.

Findings – Through use of this novel data collection approach, new …

Contralateral Effects Of Eccentric Exercise And Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Doms) Of The Plantar Flexors: Evidence Of Central Mechanism Involved, Marathamuthu Suresh

Student Works (2020-2029)

Peripheral and central factors play important roles in the reduction of motor performance following a damaging eccentric exercise and delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS). Following this regime, contralateral limb could also be affected, however, the factors involved are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to distinct contribution of peripheral and central factors following eccentric contraction and DOMS of the plantar flexors in both treated and contralateral homologous limb. Ten males (BMI = 25.08 ± 1.69 kgm-2; age = 28.70 ± 4.24 years) were randomly assigned to experimental (DOM) or control (CON). The DOM group was treated with a …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 95, No. 15, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Alvey, Rebekah. A Look Inside the Legacy of Barbara Burch
• Breu, Natasha. New Process for Instructor Contracts to Be Presented
• Dobbs, Jack. WKU Officials Begin Forming Greek Advisory Board
• Kohley, Chris. Year in Review – 2019
• Things You Missed Over Break – Timothy Caboni, Football, Faculty Senate
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Free Speech
• Dressman, Jake. Speak Up! Free Speech & Civility in the Election Year
• Student Press Freedom
• Holland, Kelley. Too Cool for School – Trends, Fads
• Holland, Kelley. Glam Punk Band Determined to …

Exploring The Use Of A Qualitative Behavioural Assessment Approach To Assess Emotional State Of Calves In Rodeos, Sally Rizzuto, Di Evans, Bethany Wilson, Paul Mcgreevy

Rodeo Competitions Collection

There are longstanding disagreements between the rodeo industry stakeholders and animal welfare advocates about the wellbeing of the animals used in events. The current study aims to determine whether qualitative behavioural assessment (QBA) is effective in identifying the emotional state of calves in so-called calf-roping events. Still images of calves captured from videos of calf-roping were shown to two groups: practitioners (n = 7) and students (n = 16). For each image, they scored (on a scale of 1–10) 12 descriptive terms—e.g., stressed, energetic, confused, frightened—based on how strongly they thought the animal was experiencing that emotion. Scores were analysed …

Ua80/1 Meeting Minutes, W Club

University Organizations

Meeting minutes for the January 2020 meeting of the W Club Board of Directors.

2020 Rebel Baseball Guide, Ole Miss Athletics. Men's Baseball

Men's Baseball

No abstract provided.

Madeline Manning Mims, Julia Huskey

Tennessee State University Olympians

No abstract provided.

Chandra Cheeseborough, Anna Presley Dyer

Tennessee State University Olympians

No abstract provided.

Ralph Boston, Fletcher F. Moon

Tennessee State University Olympians

No abstract provided.

Tsu Olympic Medal Recipients, Tennessee State University

Tennessee State University Olympians

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Mind-Body Exercises On Motor Function, Depressive Symptoms, And Quality Of Life In Parkinson’S Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Xiaohu Jin, Lin Wang, Shijie Liu, Lin Zhu, Paul Dinneen Loprinzi, Xin Fan

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Purpose: To systematically evaluate the effects of mind-body exercises (Tai Chi, Yoga, and Health Qigong) on motor function (UPDRS, Timed-Up-and-Go, Balance), depressive symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) of Parkinson’s patients (PD). Methods: Through computer system search and manual retrieval, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and CQVIP were used. Articles were retrieved up to the published date of June 30, 2019. Following the Cochrane Collaboration System Evaluation Manual (version 5.1.0), two researchers independently evaluated the quality and bias risk of each article, including 22 evaluated articles. …

The Perceived Tightness Scale Does Not Provide Reliable Estimates Of Blood Flow Restriction Pressure, Zachary W. Bell, Scott J. Dankel, Robert W. Spitz, Raksha N. Chatakondi, Takashi Abe, Jeremy P. Loenneke

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 Human Kinetics, Inc. Context: The perceived tightness scale is suggested to be an effective method for setting subocclusive pressures with practical blood flow restriction. However, the reliability of this scale is unknown and is important as the reliability will ultimately dictate the usefulness of this method. Objective: To determine the reliability of the perceived tightness scale and investigate if the reliability differs by sex. Design: Within-participant, repeated-measures. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Twenty-four participants (12 men and 12 women) were tested over 3 days. Main Outcome Measures: Arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) and the pressure at which the participants rated …

Acute Exercise On Memory Function: Open Vs. Closed Skilled Exercise, Justin Cantrelle, Grace Burnett, Paul D. Loprinzi

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Previous studies suggest that acute exercise may improve memory function. Few studies, however, have investigated the differential effect of the acute exercise movement patterns on memory. Such an effect is plausible, as research demonstrates that open-skilled exercise (e.g., racquetball) may have a greater effect on memory-related neurotrophins (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factors) when compared to closed-skilled exercise (e.g. treadmill exercise). A key distinction between open- and closed-skilled exercise is that open-skilled exercises are those that require an individual to react in a dynamic way to a changing, unpredictable environment. Our aim in this study was to …

Microhemorrhages In Professional Motocross Athletes: A Case Series, Brianna Millsaps, Philip R. Worts, David C. Berg, Scott O. Burkhart

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Introduction: Motocross is a sport in which riders race 250–450 cc four-stroke dirt bikes and are potential-ly subjected to a high frequency of head injuries starting at a very young age. The objective of this case series is to present the findings following gradient echo T2-weighted MRI (SWI) upon clinical evaluation after a concussion in 4 young professional motocross racers.

Clinical Findings: Microhemorrhages were found in 2 of 4 riders. Areas of microhemorrhages were not aligned with a previously positive CT finding from a prior concussion in 1 rider.

Conclusions: Microhemorrhages were found in 2 young motocross riders following a …

An Analysis Of The Amount Of Sleep And The Effects It Has On Athletic Capabilities And Routine Tasks In College Athletes, Carly Simonian, Kira Sheahan, Kylie Christensen, Darice Haywood

Concordia Journal of Communication Research

College student athletes are under a lot of pressure to accomplish all that is expected of them which may lead to other areas of their lives being neglected, including sleep. The amount of sleep a student athlete gets is crucial in their accomplishments both off and on the field. The researchers chose to investigate how the amount of sleep an athlete gets affects their day to day life. Specifically, the researchers explored the correlation between the amount of sleep an athlete got and how positively they rated their day through an online daily survey throughout a two week span of …

The Effect Of Rugby World Cup 2019 On Residents’ Psychological Well-Being: A Mediating Role Of Psychological Capital, Shintaro Sato, Keita Kinoshita, Minjung Kim, Daichi Oshimi, Munehiko Harada

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. The current study aimed to examine the relationships among residents’ impact perception of 2019 Rugby World Cup (i.e. economic impact, cultural interests and new opportunity, community pride, and environmental impact), psychological capital (i.e. hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and resilience), and psychological well-being. The two-wave time-lagged data were collected from residents in the host cities (a following week of the event and eight weeks after the event; N = 206). The results indicated that residents’ perceptions of event impacts were positively associated with psychological capital, which influenced …

Evaluation Of A Cognitive Affective Model Of Physical Activity Behavior, Paul D. Loprinzi, Sara Pazirei, Gina Robinson, Briahna Dickerson, Meghan Edwards, Ryan E. Rhodes

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: To empirically evaluate a cognitive affective model of physical activity. This bidirectional, cyclical model hypotheses that executive control processes directly influence habitual engagement in exercise and also directly subserve the exercise-induced affective response to acute exercise associated with future physical activity. Methods: The present study employed a one-week prospective, multi-site design. Participant recruitment and data collection occurred at two separate University sites (one in the United States and the other in Canada). Participants completed a bout of treadmill exercise, with affect and arousal assessed before, during and after the bout of exercise. Subjective and objective …

Screening For Depression Among A Sample Of Us College Students Who Engage In Recreational Prescription Opioid Misuse, Robert E. Davis, Martha A. Bass, M. Allison Wade, Vinayak K. Nahar

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Among student populations, literature has identified associations between prescription opioid misuse and symptoms of depression such as hopelessness, sadness, and emotional pain. Thus far, existing literature has yet to investigate associations between prescription opioid misuse and depression using validated screening instruments for depression when exploring such associations. The purpose of this study was to utilize a validated screening tool to explore quantifiable presence of depression among college students who engage in recreational prescription opioid misuse (RPOM). Additionally, gender differences in depression and co-occurring substance use are examined. Methods: Students (n = 104) of a large …