Work, Economy and Organizations Commons^™

Concerns And Recommendations On Implementation Of The Workforce Investment Act Of 1998 In Boston: Summary Of The "Policy Roundtable: Local Implementation Of The Workforce Investment Act And Its Impact On Latinos And Other Communities", Luz Rodriguez, Kevin Whalen, Mary Jo Marion, Rita Lara, Claudia Green

Gastón Institute Publications

The primary public funding vehicle for employment training and workforce education is in the midst of radical change. The transition from the Job Training Partnership Act of 1982 to the Workforce. Investment Act of 1998 (WIA) will have a dramatic impact on providers and clients alike. This impact is likely to be especially challenging for programs targeted to the hardest to serve populations. For example, many practitioners are worried that members of certain groups will be more likely to be "lost" and not receive needed services under the voucher system that will be the primary payment method under WIA. Linguistic …

Death And Disability In The Heartland: Corporate (Mis)Conduct, Regulatory Responses, And The Plight Of Latino Workers In The Meatpacking Industry, Anna-Maria Wahl, Steven E. Gunkel, Thomas W. Sanchez

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

Death and disability remain serious problems in the meatpacking industry, which increasingly depends on Latino workers. Here we examine these problems and the dynamics that heighten and minimize the hazards encountered in meatpacking plants. Drawing from published and unpublished sources, we provide statistical profiles and ethnographic accounts to capture the health and safety risks Latino workers face in the meatpacking plants of Iowa, Kansas, and Nebraska. Guided by recent research in labor market segmentation and the politics of social regulation, we trace the increased risk of injury and illness for Latinos to three intersecting dynamics: corporate conduct and misconduct on …

The Americans With Disabilities Act And Academic Libraries In The Southeastern United States, Linda Lou Wiler, Eleanor Lomax

E-JASL: Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship (1999-2009, Volumes 1-10)

Individuals with disabilities are one of the fastest-growing segments of United States society. In 1970, 11.7% of the United States population was limited in activity, a major factor in measuring and identifying people with disabilities. In 1990, because of the aging of America, 13.7 % of the population could be so identified. By 1994, 15% of the population fell into this group. During this latter period, the older population stayed fairly stable but children and younger adults with disabilities increased greatly. Many different figures, depending upon the method of counting, e.g., age groups included, or whether residence was in a …

The Organizational Culture In Community Foundations, Nanette Marie Keiser

Dissertations

Because of the current and future critical roles community foundations play in their geographical areas, the limited research to inform the community foundation field, and the importance o f studying organizational culture, there was a need to study the organizational culture of community foundations. A questionnaire was sent to 179 community foundation staff members in one state in the Midwest. Responses were received from 98 of the 179 staff members.

It was found that the actual organizational culture of the community foundation “industry” was differentiated across all variables (staff overall, paid staff size, asset size, and age of foundation). Organizations …

The Application Of Attitude Functions To The Study Of Job Attitudes, Alistair Macdonald

Graduate Theses

The current research applied the study of attitude functions to the domain of job attitudes. This study hypothesized that the psychological needs behind attitudes towards the organization would moderate the relationships between job attitudes. Forty-eight surveys were used from a sample of 81 faculty members. No significant moderating effects were found. However, a regression analysis found direct relationships between attitude functions and job attitudes. The social-adjustive (SA) function demonstrated a positive significant relationship with affective commitment and normative commitment. The self-esteem-maintenance function (S-E-M) demonstrated a negative significant relationship with affective commitment, normative commitment, and job satisfaction, and a significant positive …

Work And Economic Outcomes After Welfare, Thomas P. Vartanian, Justine M. Mcnamara

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using data from the 1969 to 1993 Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this article examines a number of models to determine the characteristics of AFDC recipients who fare well economically after they initially leave the welfare system. The study includes analyses of income levels, time spent employed and not employed, and time spent below the poverty line. Hypotheses regarding state welfare payments, area economic conditions, human capital and time spent receiving welfare are examined. The findings indicate that area employment conditions and the ability to quickly find work greatly affect the likelihood of faring well economically after welfare. We found …

Older Workers: An Essential Resource For Massachusetts, Peter B. Doeringer, Andrew Sum, David Terkla, Commonwealth Of Massachusetts, Blue Ribbon Commission On Older Workers

Gerontology Institute Publications

The Massachusetts Jobs Council, the Governor’s principal advisory board on workforce development, established the Blue Ribbon Commission on Older Workers in 1997 to analyze the labor market for older workers in the Commonwealth and to recommend policies to improve the economic status of the older labor force. The Commission held numerous hearings, town meetings, and focus groups to solicit the views of older workers, employers, labor organizations, and training professionals, and it reviewed the findings of extensive research on older workers in Massachusetts.

Effects Of Gender Role Socialization And Investments In Human Capital On The Decision Of A Woman With Children Under School Age To Work Outside The Home, Marion A. Edrington

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The decision of whether or not to work while one's children are under school age is one that is faced by millions of women each year. Using data from the General Social Survey, this study was designed to address the research question: What are the factors that influence the decision of a woman with children under school age to work outside the home full-time, part-time or not at all? The specific effects of gender role socialization and investments in human capital were explored in depth. This study found that both gender role socialization and investments in human capital do have …

Review Of Workers In A Lean World: Unions In The International Economy/Illusions Of Opportunity: Employees Expectations And Workplace Inequality, Peter F. Meiksins

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

Review of Workers in a Lean World: Unions in the International Economy by Kim Moody and Illusions of Opportunity: Employees Expectations and Workplace Inequality by Sonia Ospina.

Sources Of Work-Family Conflict: A Sino-U.S. Comparison Of The Effects Of Work And Family Demands, Nini Yang, Chao C. Chen, Jaepil Choi, Yimin Zou

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Given differences in values about work and family time, it is hypothesized that Americans will experience greater family demand, which will have greater impact on work-family conflict, whereas the Chinese will experience greater work demand, which will have the greater impact on work-family conflict. The results of a survey of working men and women in the 2 countries generally support the hypotheses; however, work demand did not differ significantly between the 2 countries and did not have a greater effect than family demand on work-family conflict in China.

Modern Slavery: Labor Conditions In Cuba, Efrén Córdova, Eduardo G. Moure

Institute for Cuban & Cuban-American Studies Occasional Papers

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Auto Plant Openings On Net Migration In The Auto Corridor, 1980-1997, Kenneth M. Johnson, Thomas H. Klier

Sociology

In linking demographic trends of the last two decades to the geographic dispersion of the auto industry, this article finds that the addition of a large plant significantly influences the migration experience of the host county as well as counties adjacent to it.

Apprenticeship And Conservation Incentives, Robin Alden, Jennifer F. Brewer

Geography

Apprentice programs offer a method to encourage responsible individual behavior by laying the foundation for successful collective property rights. Apprenticeship has three purposes: to restrict the rate of entry, to affect the quality of the participant, and to create the conditions for collective action for sustainability. Apprenticeship could be an important fishery management tool, particularly in decentralized, adaptive management regimes that require ongoing, multi-party negotiation for success. It is not vocational training; instead it serves a public purpose: to create the conditions for stewardship and participation in management. This perception of collective property right mimics customary practice in some successful …

Democratic Economic Participation And Humane Urban Development, Jessica Gordon-Nembhard

Trotter Review

Humane economics, democratic economic participation, and democratic economic control are words not often combined and terms rarely used by traditional economic developers and urban planners, especially when addressing inner-city redevelopment. Most often, discussions about economic development and the elimination of poverty focus on job creation, workforce development, and access to job opportunities - promoting the corporate model of growth and fortifying big business's penetration into and control of community economics. Income receives a bit of attention, in the peripheral discussions about "living wages' or family-supporting wages and "good" jobs. However, concepts such as a guaranteed income or payment for the …

Indonesia: Coordinated Studies Are Needed To Access Trends, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In 1999, the Population Council/Indonesia conducted a critical review of 11 Indonesian surveys and studies that measured various indicators of maternal and child health (MCH) between 1996 and 1999. Many of these studies tried to link these indicators with the nation’s economic crisis that began in July 1997, however attributing changes in MCH indicators to the economic crisis may be misleading. Population Council staff sought to explain how these studies came up with divergent findings. As noted in this brief, longitudinal studies with consistent indicators and representative study populations are needed to identify changes in MCH indicators.

Indonésie: Des Études Coordonnées Sont Nécessaires Á L'Évaluation Des Tendances, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

Derailed : The Social, Economic And Political Implications Of The Closure Of The Westrail Midland Workshops, Lyla D. Elliott

Theses : Honours

The Westrail Midland Workshops had serviced the Western Australian Government Railway fleet for 90 years when they were closed by the Court Government in 1994. As the State's largest and best equipped industrial establishment employing over 900 workers, the announcement of the closure was unexpected and controversial. The research questions asked in this thesis are: Why did the Workshops close? What were the economic and political issues involved? What attempts were made to modernise the Workshops and improve efficiency, and what were the social and economic effects on the workers? The event took place at a time of changing ethos …

The Influence Of Biological Sex, Age, Work History And Training On Perceptions Of Sexual Harassment, Julie Lynn Davis

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This cross-sectional study investigates the perceptions of sexual harassment among 271 non-academic university personnel. The survey administered measured perceptions of sexual harassment using 17 dependent variables which assessed attitudes toward hostile work environment and quid pro quo sexual harassment. The study found that differences do exist in perceptions of sexual harassment based on biological sex of the respondents and the biological sex of the sexual harassment target. The study also found that there are significant positive correlations between perceptions of sexual harassment and the variables of age and number of years in the workforce. This study found no significant differences …

[Introduction To] The Working Life: The Promise And Betrayal Of Modern Work, Joanne B. Ciulla

Bookshelf

Joanne B. Ciulla, a noted scholar in Leadership and Ethics, examines why so many people today have let their jobs take over their lives. Technology was supposed to free us from work, but instead we work longer hours-often tethered to the office at home by cell phones and e-mail. People still look to work for self-fulfillment, community, and identity, but these things may be increasingly difficult to find in today's workplace. Gone is the social contract where employees and employers shared a sense of mutual loyalty, yet many of us still sacrifice personal time for jobs that we could lose …

So-- You Do This For A Living? : A Study Of Women In Adventure Recreation In Western Australia, May Carter

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study explored the experiences of women working in the adventure recreation industry in Western Australia. Ten women employed in the local adventure recreation industry were selected as a cross-section sample. Selection criteria for this study included employment in the industry for more than five years, competency in several adventure recreation activities and extensive field experience in "hands-on" instructional roles. The women selected ranged in age from twenty-seven to fifty years of age. Years of employment in the adventure recreation industry ranged from five to thirty years. The purpose of this study was to describe the realities of working in …

Women's Employment Initiatives As A Means Addressing Poverty: A Comparative Study Of Canadian And Chilean Examples, Linda L. Snyder

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The well-being of economically marginalized women and their families is increasingly threatened in the current context of precarious employment and diminishing state intervention. In advanced welfare states, global competition and neo-liberal economic thinking have prompted the dismantling of social programs. In other countries, political and economic crises have led to the uncontested application of neo-liberal economic policies. These transformations create severe economic hardship as well as social exclusion and political disempowerment. Women's employment initiatives have shown some ability to address economic needs at the individual family level However, given a theoretical framework that emphasizes the importance of addressing underlying socio-political …

Just For Money? : An Exploratory Study Into The Motivations Of Nude Dancers, Elaine Vance

Dissertations and Theses

Women working as nude dancers have been depicted both in academia and popular literature either as victims of patriarchal exploitation and economic oppression, or as empowered women choosing the most profitable form of work out of the limited options provided for them. This study explores these opposing motivational factors for the entrance and continuance of nude dancing, integrating the theoretical framework of Sex Positive feminism with Strauss and Corbin's (1990) grounded theory approach. Sex Positive feminism asserts that sex work is neither oppressive nor exploitative but rather can be a consensual and legitimate avenue resulting in an increase in women's …

A Survey Of Feeling As Motivation In Volunteerism And Ethics, Sung Taek Shim

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This essay is based on a qualitative study which asks people to identify those factors which motivated them to undertake volunteer work in church and community. Among those factors identified, feeling plays a large role. The paper then reviews historical and theoretical issues in the discussion of the importance of feeling in making ethical decisions.

Tekanan Pekerjaan Dan Mekanisma Penanganan Di Kalangan Guru-Guru Di Kedah, Mohammad Sabri Mustafa

Student Works (2000-2009)

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti punca utama dari faktor-faktor yang disenaraikan yang menyebabkan tekanan pekerjaan di kalangan guru sekolah kerajaan dan mengenalpasti mekanisma utama digunakan dalam menangani. lanya mengkaji samada ciri demografi responden mempunyai perbezaan yang signifikan dengan punca tekanan dan mekanisma yang digunakan. Sejumleh 200 soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada 20 buah sekolah di Daerah Kata Satar dan Padang Terap/Pendang. Daripada jumlah itu, 185 dikembalikan. Sebanyak 20 item dlgunakan untuk mengukur punca tekanan dan 22 Item untuk mengukur mekanisma menangani tekanan. Dapatan menunjukkan faktor lebihan kerja menjadi punca utama tekanan pekerjaan. Manakala faktor kurang bebanan kerja adalah faktor …