Race and Ethnicity Commons^™

Bridging The Gap: Reducing Disparities In Reproductive Healthcare For Black And White Women, Emma Weiden

Population Health Research Brief Series

A woman’s reproductive healthcare experience in the United States can vary dramatically depending on her race. In 2020, the pregnancy-related mortality rate in the U.S. was 40.8 deaths per 100,000 live births for Black women, which is more than three times the rate among White women (12.7 per 100,000). This brief summarizes disparities in reproductive healthcare outcomes for Black women compared to White women in the U.S., advocates for policy changes, and provides recommendations for addressing racial disparities to create more equitable reproductive healthcare.

Cancer Disparities In Southeast Asia: Intersectionality And A Call To Action, Erin Jay G. Feliciano, Frances Dominique V. Ho, Kaisin Yee, Joseph A. Paguio, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Janine Patricia G. Robredo, Kenrick Ng, Jasmine Lim, Khin Thuzar Pyone, Catherine A. Peralta, Jerickson Abbie Flores, J. Seth Yao, Patricia Mae G. Santos, Christian Daniel U. Ang, Gideon Lasco, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Gary Tse, Enrico D. Tangco, T. Peter Kingham, Imjai Chitapanarux, Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy, Gerardo D. Legaspi, Edward Christopher Dee

Einstein Health Papers

No abstract provided.

Low-Dose Aspirin For Primary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Events Comparing East Asians With Westerners: A Meta-Analysis, Rock Bum Kim, Ang Li, Ki-Soo Park, Yune-Sik Kang, Jang-Rak Kim, Eliano P Navarese, Diana A Gorog, Udaya S Tantry, Paul A Gurbel, Jin Yong Hwang, Oh-Young Kwon, Young-Hoon Jeong

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: East Asians have shown different risk profiles for both thrombophilia and bleeding than Western counterparts.

OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to evaluate the effect of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention between these populations.

METHODS: We searched randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for intervention with low-dose aspirin (≤100 mg once daily) in participants without symptomatic cardiovascular disease until December 31, 2021. The number of events between the arms was extracted for analysis. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and risk differences (RDs) were analyzed in each population. Outcomes included a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and major bleeding (intracranial …

Associations Between Avocado Intake And Measures Of Glucose And Insulin Homeostasis In Hispanic Individuals With And Without Type 2 Diabetes: Results From The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol), Mackenzie K Senn, Mark O Goodarzi, Gautam Ramesh, Matthew A Allison, Mariaelisa Graff, Kristin L Young, Gregory A Talavera, Amanda C Mcclain, Tanya P Garcia, Jerome I Rotter, Alexis C Wood

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To investigate associations between avocado intake and glycemia in adults with Hispanic/Latino ancestry.

METHODS AND RESULTS: The associations of avocado intake with measures of insulin and glucose homeostasis were evaluated in a cross-sectional analysis of up to 14,591 Hispanic/Latino adults, using measures of: average glucose levels (hemoglobin A1c; HbA1c), fasting glucose and insulin, glucose and insulin levels after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and calculated measures of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, and HOMA-%β), and insulinogenic index. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression models, which controlled for sociodemographic factors and health behaviors, and which were stratified by …

Impact Of Receiving Hospital On Out‐Of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcome: Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Texas, Ryan Huebinger, Marina Del Rios, Benjamin S Abella, Bryan Mcnally, Carrie Bakunas, Richard Witkov, Micah Panczyk, Eric Boerwinkle, Bentley Bobrow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background Factors associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcome disparities remain poorly understood. We evaluated the role of receiving hospital on OHCA outcome disparities. Methods and Results We studied people with OHCA who survived to hospital admission from TX-CARES (Texas Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival), 2014 to 2021. Using census data, we stratified OHCAs into majority (>50%) strata: non-Hispanic White race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. We stratified hospitals into performance quartiles based on the primary outcome, survival with good neurologic outcome. We evaluated the association between race and ethnicity and …

Association Between Lack Of Access To A Neighborhood Park And High Blood Pressure In The Philadelphia Metropolitan Area, Stephanie Kjelstrom, Richard W. Hass, Russell K. Mcintire

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Studies have shown a lower risk of high blood pressure (HBP) among people who live near parks; however, little information exists on how feeling safe and comfortable visiting the park affects blood pressure. We identified associations between neighborhood park access, comfort visiting a park, and HBP to understand how these factors may contribute to disparities in HBP prevalence.

METHODS: The 2018 Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey of 3,600 residents in the Philadelphia metropolitan area asked if respondents had ever been told they had HBP and whether they had a neighborhood park or outdoor space that they were comfortable visiting …

Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations In Blood Across Ancestries Using Whole-Genome Sequencing, Yasminka A Jakubek, Ying Zhou, Adrienne Stilp, Jason Bacon, Justin W Wong, Zuhal Ozcan, Donna Arnett, Kathleen Barnes, Joshua C Bis, Eric Boerwinkle, Jennifer A Brody, April P Carson, Daniel I Chasman, Jiawen Chen, Michael Cho, Matthew P Conomos, Nancy Cox, Margaret F Doyle, Myriam Fornage, Xiuqing Guo, Sharon L R Kardia, Joshua P Lewis, Ruth J F Loos, Xiaolong Ma, Mitchell J Machiela, Taralynn M Mack, Rasika A Mathias, Braxton D Mitchell, Josyf C Mychaleckyj, Kari North, Nathan Pankratz, Patricia A Peyser, Michael H Preuss, Bruce Psaty, Laura M Raffield, Ramachandran S Vasan, Susan Redline, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Edwin K Silverman, Jennifer A Smith, Aaron P Smith, Margaret Taub, Kent D Taylor, Jeong Yun, Yun Li, Pinkal Desai, Alexander G Bick, Alexander P Reiner, Paul Scheet, Paul L Auer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Megabase-scale mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) in blood are prognostic markers for a host of human diseases. Here, to gain a better understanding of mCA rates in genetically diverse populations, we analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 67,390 individuals from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program. We observed higher sensitivity with whole-genome sequencing data, compared with array-based data, in uncovering mCAs at low mutant cell fractions and found that individuals of European ancestry have the highest rates of autosomal mCAs and the lowest rates of chromosome X mCAs, compared with individuals of African or Hispanic ancestry. …

Arginase Deficiency Masked By Cerebral Palsy And Coagulopathy-Three Varied Presentations Of Latin American Origin, Shelby L Mills, Paige Roberts, Myla Ashfaq, Kathryn Leal, Hope Northrup, Deborah L Brown, David Rodriguez-Buritica, Laura S Farach

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Arginase deficiency (ARG1‐D) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism that is often misdiagnosed. Classic presentation of ARG1‐D includes progressive symptoms of spasticity, delayed development, cognitive impairment, protein avoidance, and seizures. Patients who present atypically may evade diagnosis and require a thoughtful diagnostic workup. Here, we discuss three females of Latin American origin with differing clinical presentations, but who all have the same intronic pathogenic variant in ARG1. Importantly, we found that each case included elevated coagulopathy on laboratory testing and discussed one case in particular with manifestation of bleeding. When diagnosed early, treatment is favorable and can …

Mountain West State Health System Rankings, 2023, Julia Salangsang, Ivan Sun, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet presents data from the “2023 Scorecard on State Health System Performance” published by The Commonwealth Fund. The original report includes data from all 50 states and measures health system performance based on health care access, quality, use of services, costs, health disparities, reproductive care and women’s health, and health outcomes.

Association Of Social Vulnerability And Covid-19 Mortality Rates In Texas Between 15 March 2020, And 21 July 2022: An Ecological Analysis, Dennis Ogeto Nyachoti, Nalini Ranjit, Ryan Ramphul, Leah D Whigham, Andrew E Springer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the key role of social vulnerability such as economic disadvantage in health outcomes, research is limited on the impact of social vulnerabilities on COVID-19-related deaths, especially at the state and county level in the USA.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional ecologic analysis of COVID-19 mortality by the county-level Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index (MH SVI) and each of its components in Texas. Negative binomial regression (NBR) analyses were used to estimate the association between the composite MH SVI (and its components) and COVID-19 mortality.

RESULTS: A 0.1-unit increase in the overall MH SVI (IRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04-1.55; …

Us Adolescent Rest-Activity Patterns: Insights From Functional Principal Component Analysis (Nhanes 2011-2014), Chris Ho Ching Yeung, Jiachen Lu, Erica G Soltero, Cici Bauer, Qian Xiao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Suboptimal rest-activity patterns in adolescence are associated with worse health outcomes in adulthood. Understanding sociodemographic factors associated with rest-activity rhythms may help identify subgroups who may benefit from interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of rest-activity rhythm with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in adolescents.

METHODS: Using cross-sectional data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 adolescents (N = 1814), this study derived rest-activity profiles from 7-day 24-hour accelerometer data using functional principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between participant characteristics and rest-activity profiles. Weekday and weekend …

Tuberculosis Presentation And Outcomes In Older Hispanic Adults From Tamaulipas, Mexico, Belinda A Medrano, Miryoung Lee, Gretchen Gemeinhardt, Javier E Rodríguez-Herrera, Moncerrato García-Viveros, Blanca I Restrepo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Older people are at high risk of developing and dying from pulmonary infections like tuberculosis (TB), but there are few studies among them, particularly in Hispanics. To address these gaps, we sought to identify host factors associated with TB and adverse treatment outcomes in older Hispanics by conducting a cross-sectional study of TB surveillance data from Tamaulipas, Mexico (2006-2013; n = 8381). Multivariable logistic regressions were assessed for older adults (OA ≥65 years) when compared to young (YA, 18-39 years) and middle-aged adults (40-64 years). We found that the OA had features associated with a less complicated TB (e.g., lower …

Multilevel Community Engagement To Inform A Randomized Clinical Trial, Kirby L. Wycoff, Jabina G. Coleman, Christine M. Santoro, Leah L. Zullig, Niesha Darden, Porsche M. Holland, Jane F. Cruice, Shukriyyah Mitchell, Michelle Smith, Saleemah J. Mcneil, Sharon J. Herring

Counseling and Behavioral Health Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To explore how patients, community-based perinatal support professionals, and health system clinicians and staff perceived facilitators and barriers to implementation of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) designed to optimize Black maternal heart health.

METHODS: This article describes the formative work that we believed needed to occur before the start of the Change of H.E.A.R.T (Here for Equity, Advocacy, Reflection and Transformation) RCT. We used a qualitative, descriptive design and community-based, participatory approach, the latter of which allowed our team to intentionally focus on avoiding harm and equalizing power dynamics throughout the research process. Data were collected between November 2021 …

Analyzing African American College Student Willingness To Participate In Clinical Trials, Caitlin B. Ulmer

Senior Theses

Previous studies regarding African American participation in clinical trials have found that African Americans participate at a significantly lower rate than other ethnic/racial groups. Scholars argue that this lack of participation in clinical trials is a direct result of historical trauma linked to unethical experiments and African American distrust in the healthcare system. However, there is a gap in the literature because these studies focus on African American individuals above the age of 30. This study aimed to fill the gap by examining clinical trial participation among African American college students within the ages 18 to 23. This study also …

Microaggressions: Investigating Physical Therapy Student Perspectives During Clinical Experiences, Dakota Studley, Jocelin Friedman, Ashley H. Campbell, Laurie Shimko, Megan B. Flores

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose: Microaggressions are “brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory or negative racial slights and insults to the target person or group” (Gilliam & Russel, 2021). The effect of microaggressions has been explored among medical students, however, there is limited literature identifying the frequency and effect of microaggressions on Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of DPT students on clinical experiences to determine: 1) the frequency that students experience microaggressions, and 2) the impact of microaggressions on self-efficacy.

Methods: …

Parent-Reported Provider Recommendation Of Hpv Vaccination Among Minority Adolescents Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Findings From The National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2019-2021, Chinenye Lynette Ejezie, Paula Cuccaro, Casey Durand, Lara Savas, Ross Shegog

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Provider recommendation of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescents has steadily improved over the years, however, limited research has been conducted to examine if the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this positive trend in parent-reported provider recommendation among minority adolescents. Therefore, we conducted the present study to determine if there is an association between the pandemic and parent-reported provider recommendation of HPV vaccine among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic adolescents. We also examined whether any changes in parent-reported provider recommendation in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 differed by race or ethnicity. Using a cross-sectional design to examine data from the National Immunization …

Racial/Ethnic Differences Persist In Treatment Choice And Outcomes In Isolated Intervention For Coronary Artery Disease, Rodrigo Zea-Vera, Sainath Asokan, Rohan M Shah, Christopher T Ryan, Subhasis Chatterjee, Matthew J Wall, Joseph S Coselli, Todd K Rosengart, Waleed T Kayani, Hani Jneid, Ravi K Ghanta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Studies have noted racial/ethnic disparities in coronary artery disease intervention strategies. We investigated trends and outcomes of coronary artery disease treatment choice (coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention) stratified by race/ethnicity.

METHODS: We queried the National Inpatient Sample for patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention (2002-2017). Outcomes were stratified by race/ethnicity (White, African American, Hispanic, Asian). Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between race/ethnicity and receiving coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention, in-hospital mortality, and costs.

RESULTS: Over the 15-year period, 2,426,917 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries and 7,184,515 …

Mind, Body And Race: A Look Into How Implicit Biases Influence The Perception Of Emotion, Faiza Ahmad, Adam Anderson, James Dalton Rounds, Christina Chick, Alize Hill

Research Symposium

Background: Most research examining the effects of implicit race-based biases in emotion perception has focused on the perception of Black faces as being angry. Limited work has been done examining the perception of “approach” emotions such as fear. Furthermore, most studies have predominantly used White subjects. Our study examined the role of implicit racial biases in shaping the perception of both anger and fear in White, Black and Asian participants.

Methods: 78 participants completed a Go/NoGo task in which they were asked to categorize different race faces as portraying either anger or fear. Participants would be asked to press the …

A Pre-Medical Student’S Reconciliation Of Feminist Narratives Regarding Women’S Health: A Consideration Of Perspectives On Childbirth In The U.S., Laura Clayton

sprinkle: an undergraduate journal of feminist and queer studies

Many feminists argue that one major negative aspect of reproductive healthcare in the U.S. is the common over-medicalization of women during childbirth, including potentially unnecessary procedures such as cesarean-section and episiotomy. As a solution, they advocate for increased involvement of midwives in childbirth practices, as midwives allow women to give birth at home with minimal medical intervention. This paper analyzes the benefits of midwifery as well as the current increased risk associated with homebirth in the U.S. Additionally, it questions the damaging stigma associated with assumptions of cesarean-section as a suboptimal outcome. A false dichotomy has developed in our culture …

Trial Participation And Outcomes Among English-Speaking And Spanish-Speaking Patients With Appendicitis Randomized To Antibiotics: A Secondary Analysis Of The Coda Randomized Clinical Trial, Elina Serrano, Emily C Voldal, David Machado-Aranda, Daniel A Deugarte, Lillian Kao, Thurston Drake, Robert Winchell, Joseph Cuschieri, Anusha Krishnadasan, David A Talan, Nicole Siparsky, Patricia Ayoung-Chee, Wesley H Self, Patrick Mcgonagill, Katherine A Mandell, Mike K Liang, Shan-Jahan Dodwad, Callie M Thompson, Reynaldo M Padilla, Ross Fleischman, Thea P Price, Alan Jones, Karla Bernardi, Luis Garcia, Heather L Evans, Sabrina E Sanchez, Stephen Odom, Bryan A Comstock, Patrick J Heagerty, Sarah O Lawrence, Sarah E Monsell, Erin E C Fannon, Larry G Kessler, David R Flum, Giana H Davidson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Spanish-speaking participants are underrepresented in clinical trials, limiting study generalizability and contributing to ongoing health inequity. The Comparison of Outcomes of Antibiotic Drugs and Appendectomy (CODA) trial intentionally included Spanish-speaking participants.

OBJECTIVE: To describe trial participation and compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes among Spanish-speaking and English-speaking participants with acute appendicitis randomized to antibiotics.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study is a secondary analysis of the CODA trial, a pragmatic randomized trial comparing antibiotic therapy with appendectomy in adult patients with imaging-confirmed appendicitis enrolled at 25 centers across the US from May 1, 2016, to February 28, 2020. The trial …

Social Distancing And Extremely Preterm Births In The Initial Covid-19 Pandemic Period, Christopher M Orlando, Carlos A Pérez, Paunel Agyei, Marwah Elsehety, Sonia Kaur Singh, Joseph Thomas, Omar Alaina, John A Lincoln

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Black and Hispanic patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been shown to accumulate greater multiple sclerosis–associated disability (MSAD) than White patients. Disparities in social determinants of health (SDOH) among these groups have also been reported.

Objective:

To determine the extent to which associations of race and ethnicity with MSAD may be attributable to differences in SDOH.

Methods:

Retrospective chart analysis of patients at an academic MS center grouped by self-identified Black (n = 95), Hispanic (n = 93), and White (n = 98) race/ethnicity. Individual patient addresses were geocoded and matched with neighborhood-level area deprivation index …

The Prevalence Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Chinenye Lynette Ejezie, Lara S Savas, Casey Durand, Ross Shegog, Paula Cuccaro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescents has steadily improved over the past several years. However, research conducted to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this positive trend in HPV vaccine initiation among racial and ethnic minority adolescents is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting changes in the US health-care sector affected the increasing HPV vaccine initiation among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adolescents aged 13-17 years.

METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design to examine data from the National Immunization Survey-Teen (2019-2021), logistic regression and moderation analysis were used to model race-specific variations …

Racial/Ethnic Disparities In Prostate Cancer 5-Year Survival: The Role Of Health-Care Access And Disease Severity, Christiane J. El Khoury, Sean A.P. Clouston

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits one of the widest racial and socioeconomic disparities. PCa disparities have also been widely linked to location, as living in more deprived regions was associated with lower healthcare access and worse outcomes. This study aims to examine PCa survival across various USA counties in function of different socioeconomic profiles and discuss the role of potential intermediary factors. Methods: The SEER database linked to county-level SES was utilized. Five-year PCa-specific survival using the Kaplan–Meier method was performed for five racial/ethnic categories in function of SES quintiles. Multilevel Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to assess the …

Form, Function, And Meaning Of Hiking In Bipoc Communities, Karen Rosales, Karen Park

Summer 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

This poster presentation is about understanding the form, function, and meaning for hiking in BIPOC communities. This study used a mixed methods approach to obtain quantitative data through a survey and qualitative data through an interview. Through the use of an Occupational Science approach this study aimed to capture the lived experience of those participating in hiking. Understanding the knowledge of individuals occupations is beneficial for Occupational Therapist when working with versatile populations to understand their motivation and culture.

The African American Dream Deferred: Exploring The Relationship Between The “American Dream” And The Black American Millennial Reality, Simonleigh P. Miller

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The purpose of this qualitative study is to highlight and bring understanding to the lived experiences of Black American millennials. This study was conducted from the constructivist and critical research paradigms and utilized Reflexive Thematic Analysis methods to analyze qualitative data. The study places specific focus on Black or African American millennials’ associated thoughts and feelings regarding their current reality and positionality within the American context, and its relation to the idealized reality of the American Dream. The influence of the American Dream on the African American millennial reality was explored to gain a better understanding of how, or if …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Antifibrotic Therapy In Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Joy Zhao, Joseph Fares, Gautam George, Arlene Maheu, Giorgos Loizidis, Jesse Roman, Daniel Kramer, Michael Li, Ross Summer

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Racial disparities have been documented in care of many respiratory diseases but little is known about the impact of race on the treatment of interstitial lung diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine how race and ethnicity influence treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

METHODS: Adults with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (>18 years) were identified using TriNetX database and paired-wised comparisons were performed for antifibrotic treatment among White, Black, Hispanic and Asian patients. Mortality of treated and untreated IPF patients was compared after propensity score matching for age, sex, nicotine dependence, oxygen dependence and predicted FVC. …

Health Literacy Barriers And Occupation Based Education For Healthcare Providers Serving Hispanic Americans, Serina Subedi, Rocio Alvarenga, Lisa Griggs-Stapleton

Summer 2023 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

The purpose of the program was to shed light on addressing health literacy barriers and provide occupation-based education for healthcare providers serving Hispanic Americans, specifically in rural areas. Additionally, the purpose of the program was to close the gap by providing healthcare practitioners with tools and resources to assist in combating the barriers faced to include the lack of occupational therapy services. The pre-and post-survey during the needs assessment helped determine the participant's baseline understanding of various aspects related to health literacy and guided the development of the educational modules and informative resources. Based on the outcomes of the survey, …

An Sms Text Message-Based Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Program For Hispanic Adolescents With Obesity: Qualitative Co-Design Process, Erica Soltero, Callie Lopez, Sandra Mihail, Ayleen Hernandez, Salma M Musaad, Teresia M O'Connor, Debbe Thompson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: SMS text message-based interventions are a promising approach for reaching and engaging high-risk youths, such as Hispanic adolescents with obesity, in health promotion and disease prevention opportunities. This is particularly relevant, given that SMS text messaging is widely accessible and available and that adolescents are frequent texters. Including youths in the development of SMS text message content can lead to more acceptable and relevant messaging; however, few studies include this group as cocollaborators.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to use a co-design process to inform the development of SMS text messages that promote healthy physical activity (PA) and sleep behaviors …

The Impact Of Social Determinants Of Health And Acculturation On Quality Of Life In Older Chinese American Adults With Chronic Pain: A Quantitative Study, Chi Lam

Dissertations

Despite a rapid increase in the older Chinese American adult population, there are very few research studies examining the impact of social determinants of health and acculturation on the quality of life in older Chinese American adults. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of social determinants of health and acculturation on quality of life in older Chinese American adults with chronic pain. This quantitative, descriptive correlational study utilized Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Theory as its theoretical framework. Two research questions guided this study: (1) Was there a difference in the quality of life in older Chinese American …

Racial Disparities In Access To Dbs: Results Of A Real-World U.S. Claims Data Analysis, Michael Frassica, Drew S Kern, Mitra Afshari, Allison T Connolly, Chengyuan Wu, Nathan Rowland, Juan Ramirez-Castaneda, Mwiza Ushe, Claudia Salazar, Xenos Mason

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective and standard-of-care therapy for Parkinson's Disease and other movement disorders when symptoms are inadequately controlled with conventional medications. It requires expert care for patient selection, surgical targeting, and therapy titration. Despite the known benefits, racial/ethnic disparities in access have been reported. Technological advancements with smartphone-enabled devices may influence racial disparities. Real-world evidence investigations can shed further light on barriers to access and demographic disparities for DBS patients.

METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using Medicare claims linked with manufacturer patient data tracking to analyze 3,869 patients who received DBS. Patients were …