Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons^™

Companion Animal Populations In Massachusetts, Dorr Research Corporation

Demography and Statistics for Companion Animal Populations Collection

This report contains the findings of a marketing and opinion research study conducted for the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals during October, 1996.

The research addressed a variety of issues associated with ownership of cats and dogs by Massachusetts households:

• Selected characteristics of owned cats and dogs
• Means of obtaining owned cats and dogs
• Spaying and neutering data on owned cats and dogs
• Frequency with which owned cats and dogs are outdoors
• Veterinary care of owned cats and dogs
• Degree of owner involvement with owned cats and dogs
• Opinions about overpopulation of cats and dogs

Some …

Omaha's Public Libraries, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

The Omaha Public Library began as a subscription library in 1872. The "library" was located in a rented room on 14th Street between Douglas and Dodge with a collection of 2,600 donated books. The Library Association charged an annual fee of $3.00 for membership. In 1877 the State Legislature approved an act allowing the establishment of "free public libraries and reading rooms." That same year the Omaha City Council established the Omaha Public Library at the urging of the Omaha Library Association. The Library opened with a budget of$1,274.80, a librarian, and nine appointed directors, the precursor of the Library …

Review Of: Robert M. Hardaway, Population, Law, And The Environment (Praeger 1994), Carey Ann Zadra

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the book: Robert M. Hardaway, Population, Law, and the Environment (Praeger 1994). About the author, acknowledgements, index, notes, preface, selected bibliography. LC-93-44501; ISBN 0-275-94570-7 [188 pp. $55.00 Cloth. 88 Post Road West, Westport CT 06881.]

Midlands Institute For Non-Profit Management: Building A Solid Foundation, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

Agenda and material from the Midlands Institute for Non-Profit Management - Building a Solid Foundation Conference, July 8-10, 1996.

Is Geography In R.I. Going Down The Drain?, Ann K. Petry

Smolski Texts

"Global Village. World understanding. Political Alliances. Trade agreements. Global warming. Cultural differences. Population growth. Refugees and migration. Declining resources. Environmental degradation. It's a big world and it requires study to address these issues, but here in Rhode Island the one school that turns out the most teachers is dropping the subject that specifically speaks to all these problems--geography."

Making Transportation Work For People With Disabilities In Rural America: The Supported Volunteer Rural Transportation Voucher Program, Brad Bernier, Tom Seekins, Kitty Herron, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Independent Living and Community Participation

Where did it begin? For many years transportation has been recognized as a need for people with disabilities. Unfortunately, unlike their urban neighbors, rural residents have even less access to transportation, which in turn further limits their lives. The Supported Volunteer Rural Transportation Program (SVRT) is a means of providing rides to people with disabilities who cannot drive and who live in communities with limited public transportation. The SVRT program is similar to self-directed personal assistance service models (PAS) in that consumers control who their ride providers are, when they can get rides, and where they can go. Transportation programs …

James Rouse--A Man For All Seasons, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Donna Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Services, said it best: he 'did more to revitalize American cities than anyone this century.' Recognition of this fact came last September when President Clinton awarded him our nation's highest civilian honor--the Presidential Medal of Freedom. James W. Rouse, died at the age of 81, just 17 short days before his 82nd birthday on April 26--a long life with long-lasting achievements by a humanist and an urbanist, a man often referred to as a 'real Christian' and an 'urban visionary.' Where does one begin?"

Saving Our Homes: The Lessons Of Community Struggles To Preserve Affordable Housing In Chicago's Uptown, Center For Urban Research And Learning, Philip Nyden, Joanne Adams

Center for Urban Research and Learning: Publications and Other Works

Over the past 25 years we have witnessed declining federal investment in affordable housing at the same time as there has been growth in low-income households. During this same quarter of a century we have seen a shift from a national "War on Poverty" to federal policies that treat poor adults and children as hopeless, undeserving citizens. In this new era of fiscal constraints there is no talk about meeting basic nutritional, housing, health care, and educational needs. A chorus of new conservative leaders claims to be speaking for the suffering middle class. The media increasingly talk of the "haves" …

Rural Illinois In The 1990s: On The Rebound?, Kenneth M. Johnson, Norman Walzer

Sociology

Rural areas of Illinois experienced a widespread population rebound between 1990 and 1995.2 These recent population gains in Illinois are consistent with a broader rural population growth revival nationwide. Rural Illinois gain nearly 24,000 residents between 1990 and 1995, according to recently released estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau.3 The population grew in 47 of the 74 nonmetropolitan counties in Illinois during the period. Migration to rural areas accounted for most of this population gain. Most urban areas in Illinois also gained population during the first half of the 1990s. The recent population gains in rural Illinois are modest, but …

Recent Nonmetropolitan Demographic Trends In The Midwest, Kenneth M. Johnson

Sociology

This research1 examines demographic trends in nonmetropolitan areas of the United States and the Midwest2 since the 1990 census using the federal-state series of county population estimates. Review of such timely information is important because nonmetropolitan demographic trends have been extremely fluid during the past 30 years (Long and DeAre, 1988). Historically, nonmetropolitan demographic change, both in the Midwest and the US,
has been dominated by an excess of births over deaths sufficient to offset the net ...

The Nemesis Of Population Decline, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"The recent announcement by the U.S. Census Bureau that Rhode Island was one of only two states (New York being the other) to lose population between July 1, 1994 and July 1, 1995 should come as no surprise. After all, according to Census estimates, we have been losing population for each of the past five years and now have 15,000 fewer residents than we had on July 1, 1990."

Omaha Area Gambling Survey December 1995, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

The purpose of the 1995 survey was to establish baseline information on area residents' attitudes toward and participation in gambling. Our intention is to conduct at least one follow-up survey to measure changes in attitudes and gambling participation among area residents. To facilitate the establishment of a "panel" for future surveys, participants were asked if they would be willing to be interviewed again.

Communications Needs Assessment: India, Sanjeev Kumar

Reproductive Health

“Needs assessment” refers to the process of assessing needs—of services, products, or information. The objectives of this communications needs assessment report are to identify policymakers and program managers’ specific information needs; to refine project audience segments according to information needs; and to assess current ANE OR/TA dissemination activities in India. Currently the ANE OR/TA Project is using many conventional and some innovative channels to reach a diverse audience, including: research summaries, final reports, policy briefs, working papers, personal communication with decisionmakers, workshops and seminars, OR home page on the Internet, and local and national media. To assess the information needs …

Proceedings Of The Operations Research Workshop For Lgu Health And Population Officials And Researchers, August 9-13, 1996, Family Planning Service, The Family Planning Operations Research And Training (Fport) Program, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This report summarizes the results of the training workshop for health and population officials and researchers who gathered in Boracay, Aklan, Philippines, on August 9-13, 1996, to discuss the tenets and applications of operations research (OR). This workshop was co-sponsored by the Family Planning Service of the Department of Health (DOH) and the Family Planning Operations Research and Training Program of the Population Council, Manila. Fourteen local government units (LGUs) were represented in the workshop: Benguet, Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, Tarlac, Quezon City, Capiz, Negros Oriental, Bacolod, Misamis Oriental, Davao del Sur, Davao City, Maguindanao, North Cotabato, and South Cotabato. They …

Nigerians In The United States: Potentialities And Crises, Paul E. Udofia

William Monroe Trotter Institute Publications

This Research Report examines the various waves of Nigerian immigration, community and leadership development, as well as crises in the United States.

This study is divided into three parts. Part I begins with a brief historical overview of the Nigerian background and crises, thereafter showing the patterns of Nigerian immigration to the U.S. and their varying characteristics from 1970 to 1995. Part II analyzes the many ways in which Nigerians have attempted to adjust into the American mosaic, resulting in the emergence of a Nigerian community. Part III focuses on the three types of Nigerian leadership systems that have largely …

Clinic-Based Investigation Of The Typology And Self-Reporting Of Fgm In Egypt, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This clinic-based study of female genital mutilation (FGM) was designed and carried out by the Egypt Fertility Care Society to gather detailed information on the types of FGM practiced in Egypt. The study involved interviews with clinic clients to elicit information about their experience and attitudes concerning FGM, and gynecological examinations by specially trained OB/GYN physicians. In all, 93% of the women in this study were found to have some type of FGM. The study's findings were incorporated in the final report of the 1995 Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey, with the aim of contributing to the scientific understanding of …

Prospective Population Growth And Policy Options For India, 1991–2101, Leela Visaria, Pravin Visaria

Reproductive Health

India, the second most populous country in the world, experienced an accelerated decline in fertility during the 1980s. As a result, India’s total fertility rate (TFR) in 1993, 3.5 births per woman, is below the level presumed in the population projections of the United Nations and the World Bank. This favorable development has occurred as India is attempting to reorient its family planning program to focus on the reproductive health of women and the health and welfare of children. The method-specific targets for contraceptive acceptors assigned to every grassroots health worker were abandoned in April 1996. Against this backdrop, this …

Journal Of The Community Development Society Vol. 27, No. 01, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

This year the Community Development Society continues its movement toward an international organization devoted to the practice and theory of purposive community change by holding its first annual meeting away from North America. The Australian members of CDS have organized a world class conference on community development. It is sure to have an impact on the Society for many years to come. In commemoration of the first "international" conference, this edition of the Journal of the Community Development Society is devoting a significant portion of its articles to research and commentary on community development theory and practice taking place outside …

Proceedings Of The Operations Research Training Workshop For Program Managers And Researchers, January 15-21, 1996, Family Planning Service, The Family Planning Operations Research And Training (Fport) Program, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This document contains the proceedings of the training workshop on operations research (OR) for program managers and researchers held January 15-21, 1996, in Mindoro, Philippines. The workshop was co-sponsored by the Family Planning Service of the Department of Health and the Family Planning Operations Research and Training Program of the Population Council, Manila. Representatives from the health and population offices of ten local government units (LGUs) worked with a select group of researchers to evolve a list of relevant topics for operations research (OR) and develop a concept paper on a chosen OR topic. The LGUs represented in the workshop …

Women's Experiences Of Unwanted Pregnancy And Induced Abortion In Nigeria, Friday E. Okonofua, Clifford Odimegwu, Bisi Aina, Patrick H. Daru, Agnes Johnson

Reproductive Health

A population-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence and pattern of abortion use among women in two communities of Nigeria. The results show a high frequency of reports of unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion among the women. Furthermore they suggest that detailed information can be obtained on abortion in areas with restrictive laws if a sensitive approach to interviewing is adopted. The results presented in this report have implications as the Nigerian government begins designing a set of realistic policies and programs to address the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with induced abortion in that country. The …

Learning About Sexuality: A Practical Beginning, Sondra Zeidenstein, Kirsten Moore

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“Learning About Sexuality: A Practical Beginning” is divided into three main parts. The first includes approaches that program staff, activists, and researchers are taking to understand people’s experiences of sexuality. The second explores the explicit and implicit links among health-seeking behavior, contraceptive practice, reproductive health, and sexuality. The chapters in part three focus on activities that challenge entrenched attitudes and behavior about sexuality that have real and potentially harmful effects on women’s and men’s reproductive health. The book features program and research work in all regions of the world with women, men, girls, and boys. The chapters are written by …

Women's Perceptions Of Sexuality In Rural Giza, Hind Khattab

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This study on sexuality among women in rural Giza, Egypt, is part of a broader project on women's health and reproductive morbidity conducted by the Population Council’s Reproductive Health Working Group. Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and other ailments associated with reproduction among women in the rural community surveyed suggest that a heavy burden of disease is being borne by women living in underprivileged areas in this region. This research on sexuality has been conducted within a conceptual framework that uses a socio-cultural approach to health and illness. The investigation is an assessment of women's perception of and knowledge about sexuality …

A Synthesis Of Research Findings On Quality Of Services In The Indian Family Welfare Programme, Gillian H.C. Foo

Reproductive Health

In recent years, there has been growing recognition among researchers and policymakers that the quality of care provided by family planning (FP) programs in developing countries is an important determinant of whether couples adopt contraception and continue as contraceptive users, or whether these programs are underutilized. A major initiative to identify and implement improvements in the quality of services within the Indian program calls for a systematic analysis, organization, and presentation of the available data to the policymakers and program managers concerned. Additional data is also required on issues such as user's perception of quality of care, the relative importance …

A Model Of Costs Of Rti Case Management Services In Uttar Pradesh, Saumya Ramarao, John Townsend, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

The Government of India has adopted a Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) approach as the basis of its new family welfare policy. One component of RCH is management of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). The Population Council's Asia and the Near East Operations Research and Technical Assistance (ANE OR/TA) Project, in collaboration with the State of Uttar Pradesh, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, is conducting a study on the feasibility and cost of providing RTI case management at the primary-care level. The estimated annual cost of RTI case management at the district level would be about US$64,000. From the analysis, …

Indonesia Norplant® Removal Assessment Study, Andrew A. Fisher, Joedo Prihartono, Jayanti Tuladhar, Anthony Tan

Reproductive Health

The Indonesia Norplant® Removal Assessment Study was prepared for the World Bank and USAID/Indonesia. All women interviewed had Norplant (contraceptive implant) inserted for five or more years before the interview. For the entire sample, 8.2 percent had not yet had Norplant removed at the time of the interview. This report indicates a very high continuation rate for each Norplant insertion cohort from 1987 through 1991. Almost all Norplant users continue through the fourth year. Between the end of the fourth year and the end of the fifth year, there is a sharp drop in use from 90 percent to 66 …

Proceedings Of The Operations Research Training Workshop: Mainstreaming Nfp In The Public Sector, August 15-18, 1996, Family Planning Service, Philippine Federation For Natural Family Planning, The Family Planning Operations Research And Training (Fport) Program, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This report summarizes the proceedings of the “Operations Research Training Workshop: Mainstreaming Natural Family Planning in the Public Sector,” held August 15-18, 1996, in Boracay, Aklan, Philippines. The workshop was sponsored by the Philippine Federation for Natural Family Planning (NFP), the Family Planning Service of the Department of Health, and the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program of the Population Council, Manila. Program managers and health officials were trained in operations research (OR) to enhance their understanding and appreciation of OR and its role in integrating NFP technology in the public health sector. Results of several diagnostic and …

Today's Woolgrowers : A Profile, Ian Mcfarland

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Woolgrowers have been faced with fluctuating prices, a mix of seasons and rising production costs since the demise of the Floor Price Scheme in 1991. despite these difficult times, there are still very large differences in productivity and profitability between wool growing properties in Western Australia. Ian McFarland looksat production levels on wool growing properties in Western Australia and outlines some actions to lift productivity.

Quality Of Family Planning Programme In India: A Review Of Public And Private Sector, Dileep V. Mavalankar

Reproductive Health

Increasing attention has been paid to quality of care (QOC) in family planning (FP) during the last few years, and there have been several initiatives to strengthen QOC in FP in the developing world. This paper reviews the quality of the FP program in India’s public and private sectors, and examines six elements: choice of methods, information given to clients, technical competence, interpersonal relations, continuity of care and follow-up, and appropriate constellation of services. Overall, the paper finds that not much attention has been paid to QOC and hence the level is quite low. Evidence and observations indicate that QOC …

Sources Of Future Population Growth In The Philippines And Implications For Public Policy, Alejandro N. Herrin, Marilou P. Costello

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Rapid population growth, poor and uneven economic performance, and slow progress in health and education are interrelated phenomena. However, while there is strong support for public policies aimed at economic recovery and human resource development in the Philippines, there is still a lack of consensus on the need for public policy to moderate population growth and on the role of a government-sponsored family planning program in overall population and development activities. This paper examines alternative population projections and analyzes the contribution to future population growth of unwanted fertility, high desired family size, and population momentum. The aims are to highlight …

Reintroducing Dmpa To The Philippine Family Planning Program: A Longitudinal Study Of Continuing Users And Drop-Outs, Population Council

Reproductive Health

In 1994, the Population Council, Manila, conducted an operations research (OR) project entitled “DMPA Monitoring and Follow-up Studies.” The activity was undertaken to provide accurate and timely support to the DMPA Reintroduction Program of the Department of Health. Commonly known as Depo-Provera, DMPA stands for Depo-Medroxy Progesterone Acetate, an extremely effective injectable contraceptive given every three months. This report focuses on the survey component of these studies which aims to comprehensively examine the influence on DMPA use of factors classified into the following eight major areas: socioeconomic and demographic characteristics; reproductive history; contraceptive history; adoption of DMPA; quality of care …