Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons^™

Does Retirement Induced Through Social Security Pension Eligibility Influence Subjective Well-Being? A Cross-Country Comparison, Arie Kapteyn, Jinkook Lee, Gema Zamarro

Education Reform Faculty and Graduate Students Publications

How does retirement influence subjective well-being? Some studies suggest retirement does not affect subjective well-being or may improve it. Others suggest it adversely affects it. This paper aims at advancing our understanding of the effect of retirement on subjective well-being by (1) using longitudinal data to tease out the retirement effect from age and cohort differences; (2) using instrumental variables to address potential reverse causation of subjective well-being on retirement decisions; and (3) conducting cross-country analyses, exploiting differences in eligibility ages for retirement benefits across countries and within countries. We use panel data from the US Health and Retirement Study …

A Case Study Of Rural Finance Self-Help Groups In Uganda And Their Impact On Poverty Alleviation And Development, Rebecca Flynn

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of financial Self-Help Groups (SHGs)on poverty alleviation and development in rural areasof Uganda and evaluate their successes, limitations, and potential for sustainability.An extensive literature review ofpovertyin Uganda, development theories and development in Uganda,andrural finance self-help group methodology and theorieswas conducted in order to provide a broader context for the research.

The participants in the research were members of SHGs in Central Uganda under the Self-Help Group Approach Uganda (SHGAU) organization andemployees of SHGAU.The primary methods were personal interviews and focus groups. Thesegave the researcher insight into the goals and structure …

Latinas In New York City: A Comparison Of Education And Income, 1990 – 2010, Justine Calcagno

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This study examines demographic and socioeconomic factors regarding Latinos in New York City between 1990 and 2010 – particularly education and income rates among Hispanic females.

Methods: Data on Latinos and other racial/ethnic groups were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, reorganized for public use by the Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, IPUMSusa. Cases in the dataset were weighted and analyzed to produce population estimates.

Results: From 1990 to 2010 Latinas’ educational attainment and income levels both rose. Disparities between Latinas and Latinos in yearly personal income have persisted. From 1990 to 2010, women earned …

The Disparate Neighborhood Impacts Of The Great Recession: Evidence From Chicago, Sonya Williams, George C. Galster, Nandita Verma

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Research Publications

We advance scholarship about how macroeconomic forces differentially manifest themselves across local spaces by developing a holistic conceptual framework and empirical analyses involving multilevel change modeling. Unlike prior work, we examine differential rates of change in neighborhood indicators. We illustrate our approach with Chicago data measuring the crime, housing, and economic domains of neighborhood quality- of-life over the 2000-2009 period. We find that the local dynamic manifestations of macroeconomic cycles were far more nuanced than have been previously observed. Neighborhood indicators moved along distinct trajectories, sometimes but not necessarily tracking each other or the overall business cycle, and they changed …

Upward Earnings Mobility On The Decline In Hong Kong? A Study Based On Census Data, Lok Sang Ho, Kai Wai Huang, Xiangdong Wei

Centre for Public Policy Studies : CPPS Working Paper Series

This paper offers a new intuitive approach using census data to cast light on earnings mobility. We find that in Hong Kong upward mobility opportunities indeed fell for those born in the mid 70s and later, but that there has been a remarkable improvement for degree holders in recent years. Contrary to common belief, even though starting salaries had fallen, degree holders more or less maintained their relative advantage by age 31-35. Moreover, among degree holders, beginning in 2011 upward mobility showed an improvement for all cohorts at the higher income end though less so at the lower end. The …

Issues In The Analysis Of Inequality, Michael R. Smith

Population Change and Lifecourse Strategic Knowledge Cluster Discussion Paper Series/ Un Réseau stratégique de connaissances Changements de population et parcours de vie Document de travail

In spite of data and methodological challenges, research has largely reached the conclusion that earnings inequality has risen in Canada, the US and elsewhere, and that the rise has been mainly driven by large increases at the top of the earnings distribution. Researchers offer two competing explanations for causes of the rising inequality: (1) innovations in information and communication technologies, and (2) institutional changes such as the freezing of the minimum wage, decline in unionization, and the spread of performance-related pay increases. Inequality is influenced by changes in population composition, specifically, the size of cohorts entering the labour market, and …

Cracking The Tax Codes: How State Tax Laws Influence The Number Of Manufacturing Jobs Within Their Borders, Nick Lorenson

Political Science Theses and Capstones

With the recent economic downturn, jobs have been at the forefront of people’s concerns. Policy makers in every state have promised their constituents new jobs. Of particular importance are high paying jobs. Manufacturing jobs tend to be a well-paying and highly sought after form of employment. However, in recent decades, the percentage of manufacturing jobs has been declining in the United States. Also, manufacturing facilities have shown an increased likelihood of relocating to different states. I theorize that manufacturing facilities relocating and expanding in different states is primarily due to state tax policies. This phenomenon has increased within recent years …

“La Generación Ni Ni” And The Exodus Of Spanish Youth, Stephanie Lester

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

No abstract provided.

Everyone Counts : Une Enquête Sur Le Recensement Général De La Population De Madagascar, Charlotte Mcdonald

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Qu’est-ce que c’est le recensement ?

D’habitude, lorsqu’on parle de « recensement », on veut dire un recensement général de la population et de l’habitat dans un pays. Le recensement est une opération statistique qu’un pays devrait mener d’une manière régulière pour suivre la croissance de sa population, les changements démographiques et les besoins de son peuple. Ce travail comprend des centaines d’indicateurs (comme l’âge, la religion, l’accès à l’eau potable, et les problèmes de santé) à partir desquels on collecte les données pour chaque ménage dans le pays.

Dans un pays riche comme les Etats-Unis, le recensement permet au …

“Resistencia Es Permanencia”: Concepciones De Resistencia, Territorio Y Recuperaciones De Tierra En Dos Comunidades Mapuche, August Williams-Eynon

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In recent decades the world has seen a backlash of resistance, especially among First Nations and indigenous populations, to what some characterize as new forms of colonization: the development of globalization, and the spread of neoliberal economic institutions and their guiding principles (Vanden 2007). This work locates the social movements of the Mapuche (an indigenous nation conquered by the Chilean army in 1883), and especially their pursuance of land recovery and territorial sovereignty, among the many such mobilizations occurring in Latin America, including the Zapatista movement in Mexico, the organizing of indigenous groups in Bolivia and the CONAIE (Confederación de …

The Impact Of Health Reform And The Affordable Care Act (Aca) On Latinos And Immigrants In The Omaha-Council Bluffs Metropolitan Area, Jim P. Stimpson, Kelly Shaw-Sutherland, Yang Wang

Latino/Latin American Studies Policy Briefs

This policy brief presents evidence for major barriers to access medical care for Latinos and immigrants and the potential impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to improve health insurance coverage. The brief also outlines some potential solutions.

Health Profile Of Nebraska's Latino Population, Athena Ramos, Shireen Rajaram, Lourdes Gouveia, Yuriko Doku Drissa Toure, Anthony Zhang, Sondra Manske

Latino/Latin American Studies Reports

The University of Nebraska at Omaha’s (UNO) Office of Latino and Latin American Studies (OLLAS) has released a report and policy brief, in conjunction with the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), describing the serious health problems facing the growing Latino and immigrant populations in Nebraska and Iowa, particularly the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

Mountain Monitor-4th Quarter 2012, Kenan Fikri, Mark Muro

Mountain Monitor Quarterly

Indicators of economic recovery depicted continued progress in the major metropolitan areas of the Mountain West in the fourth quarter of 2012. The region’s employment recovery gained momentum, and solid home-price increases in the region contributed to the nation‘s broader housing recovery. Such inroads bode well for further advances in 2013. At the same time, the region’s output recovery slowed and unemployment refused to budge.

Funding Public Services: Opinions Of Nonmetropolitan Nebraskans, 2013 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bradley Lubben, Eric Thompson

Nebraska Rural Poll

Most rural Nebraskans seem content with current levels of spending on many public services and activities. Over one-half propose no changes in the level of spending for most of the public services listed. Only one item, unemployment compensation, had a majority say they would like to see less spending for it. And, many rural Nebraskans would propose an increase in spending for education as well as roads and bridges.

Not surprising, many groups favor an increase in spending on items important to them. Younger persons are more likely than older persons to favor an increase in spending for education. Persons …

Community And Individual Well-Being In Nonmetropolitan Nebraska: 2013 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bradley Lubben

Nebraska Rural Poll

By many different measures, rural Nebraskans are positive about their community. Many rural Nebraskans rate their community as friendly, trusting and supportive. Most rural Nebraskans also say it would be difficult to leave their community. In addition, most rural Nebraskans disagree that their community is powerless to control its future.

Differences of opinion exist by the size of their community. Residents of smaller communities are more likely than residents of larger communities to rate their community favorably on its social dimensions. However, residents of larger communities are more likely than residents of smaller communities to say their community has changed …

Water And Climate: Perceptions Of Nonmetropolitan Nebraskans: 2013 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bradley Lubben

Nebraska Rural Poll

Many rural Nebraskans have experienced loss of wildlife and wildlife habitat, voluntary decrease in water usage, decreased farm production and wildfires to some extent as a result of last year’s drought. The majority of persons with occupations in agriculture have experienced decreased farm production and loss of business income as a result of last year’s drought.

Most rural Nebraskans rate indoor use in existing homes and agricultural uses (irrigation and livestock) as high priority uses of water. Uses of water that were not ranked very high include swimming pools for individual homes, watering golf courses and transferring water to other …

Health Care Reform: Perceptions Of Nonmetropolitan Nebraskans, 2013 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bradley Lubben

Nebraska Rural Poll

Most rural Nebraskans currently have health insurance. Only nine percent of rural Nebraskans do not have health insurance while the majority of residents have health insurance through job benefits. These responses are nearly identical to 2004 when this question was last asked.

Persons living in the North Central region, persons with lower household incomes, persons who have never married, persons with lower education levels and persons with food service or personal care occupations are the groups most likely to be uninsured.

Most rural Nebraskans expect to have health insurance next year. Only two percent of residents do not plan on …

North Dakota’S Oil Boom And Its Effect On North Dakota Politics, Nick "Nick" Nelson

Political Science Theses and Capstones

North Dakota’s oil boom is causing some of its countries to experience significant population increases. I study the effect this is having on the politics of North Dakota. To assess the effect of increased oil production on the population of counties and its effect on the politics of those counties I gathered statistics at the county level in the areas of oil production, populations including total, black, Hispanic, white, and male populations, and voting behavior (Republican or Democrat) from the United State Census, the North Dakota Secretary of State, and the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Department of Natural Resources. My …

An Econometric Approach For Modeling Population Change In Arkansas, David Alexandro Ramirez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study models population in the state of Arkansas using a small econometric model, and is similar to a previous demographic model developed by Fullerton and Barraza de Anda (2008). The components of population change consist of births, deaths, and net migration. Births minus deaths equal natural increase, and population in the current period is population from the previous period plus natural increase plus net migration. Births and deaths are modeled as functions of a one period autoregressive lag as well as national trends. Net migration is also modeled as a one period lag of itself in addition to relative …

Population Pressure And Family Planning In The Case Of Sub Saharan Africa's Demographic Transition, Jessica T. Ysunza

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Educating For A Common Collective : Pedagogies Of Sharing And Caring, Anita Rampal

South South Forum 南南論壇

Declaring an ‘educational arms race’ with India and China, President Obama warned his country against ‘unilateral disarmament’ with budget cuts, because ‘countries that out-educate us today will out-compete us tomorrow.’ Militaristic jingoism leads to new terms such as ‘out-think’ and ‘out-educate’, reflecting a crassly competitive commodification of knowledge. This is contrary to the spirit of transformative education, which looks at education to reduce inequalities, to ensure sustainable development and to address social justice for all through collective action. Despite the Jomtien World Declaration on ‘Education For All’ with an ‘expanded vision’ - for the empowerment of children, youth and adults …

未来的维度 = The Dimension Of The Future, Jinhua Dai

South South Forum 南南論壇

在本论文中，笔者集中讨论21世纪语境中的“未来”作为一个议题及其参数。对于笔者说来，未来议题，不关乎时间，不是乌托邦的别称。“未来”之为议题的提出，针对着没有未来，即“末日”。笔者的问题是：资本主义的末日是否人类的末日？或者，如何避免资本主义的末日成为人类的末日？未来议题同时是关于革命及共产主义的再思考。

The focus of this paper is on “the future” as a subject of concern, and the parameters within which it is broached in the context of the 21^st century. For the writer, the question of “the future” is not really a temporal one, neither is it another name for utopia. Rather, it is moved by apprehensions of the disappearance of time altogether, that is, the looming of doom. My question is: is the end of capitalism the end of humanity? Or rather, how to avoid the fall of capitalism to bring about the fall of humanity, a question …

Political Process And Land Reform In Nepal = 尼泊尔的土地改革与政治过程, Arjun Kumar Karki

South South Forum 南南論壇

Landlessness and political struggles in Nepal are deeply inter-related. Landlessness in Nepal is rooted in a long history of feudal land governance, political inertia and nepotism. Furthermore, the skewed landownership patterns practiced were deepened by a deeply discriminatory and strictly hierarchical society that excluded women, ethnic minorities and tribal groups, especially, those of lower castes and classes. Due to this prevailing exclusion and discrimination, the call for land reform as a rallying cry has long been used by politicians as a tool for political mobilization and for garnering support in Nepal. However, despite several political developments and repeated political commitments, …

Agrarian Reform And Rural Reconstruction In The Philippines = 菲律宾土地改革与农村重建, Isagani R. Serrano

South South Forum 南南論壇

Agrarian reform is at the heart of rural reconstruction and both are essential to achieving sustainable development. It includes not only land redistribution but also empowerment of peasants as key actors in building the rural economy. Land is not only an asset to be owned and accessed but also as a natural resource with multiple uses for both economic development and protection of ecosystems. Land ownership has hitherto been a centerpiece question in Philippine development, indeed, in nation building. Land monopoly on one side and landlessness on the other have defined to a large extent the history and political economy …

梁漱溟乡村建设中心的当代实践 = Introduction Of Liang Shuming Rural Reconstruction Center, Lanying Zhang

South South Forum 南南論壇

梁漱溟乡村建设的核心思想是人的建设和社会的重建。在过去的20年里，一批年轻人在梁漱溟等先人思想的感召下，面对全球化带来的一些列社会问题的挑战，全身心地投入到乡村重建的工作中，从90年支持农民的维权行动，发展到2000年开展综合的新农村建设，坚持不懈地直到今天的生态文明建设的工作。梁漱溟乡村建设中心一直积极地参与到这些工作中，尤其是在组织大学生支农调研维权，到支持农民合作组织来建设农村的自治组织，通过社区支持农业来建构城市和农村互相支持的平台等方面发挥了重要的作用。

在多年的实践中，梁漱溟乡村建设中心意识到要实现乡村建设的目标是需要一个长期的努力过程，尤其是在培养人才，进而形成内生的自我解决社会问题的力量。在这个过程中，如何协助参与这个过程的人群的学习，不仅是我们自己，还有我们的合作伙伴-农民，作为主体能够意识到自身所处的小乡村的命运与大社会变革的关系，进而转化为主动型维护自身阶层利益的能力，是非常重要的，也是我们目前所面对的巨大挑战。

Liang Shuming’s core philosophy for rural reconstruction is human reconstruction and social reconstruction. In the past 20 years, a group of people, who believe the philosophy of rural reconstruction, have taken the challenges of globalization through supporting farmers’ legal appeal to protect their rights in the 1990s, supporting government’ new socialist rural reconstruction program in 2000s, and further to build ecological civilization in the society in 2010s. Liang Shuming Rural Reconstruction Center has actively participated in these three phases and has played key roles in the process of college students’ re-education by organizing rural research for farmers’ right …

当代乡村建设的实践与反思, Jiaen Pan, Xiaohui Yan

South South Forum 南南論壇

跳出生态看生态——以中国当代乡村建设实践为例 (潘家恩)

日益“时尚化”的生态议题绝不是少数人制造出来的末日预言，它是真实发生在我们身边的普遍现实，同时也是当代乡村建设的重要工作内容与面向，更是乡村建设结合其它工作进行深入思考的独特角度。所以，乡村建设必须直接回应生态与可持续议题，但需要结合以更广阔的整体视野。本文结合笔者所参与的三组当代乡村建设实际案例展开分析，希望将其放回具体和历史的脉络中，结合以经济、文化、政治等多种面向，尝试指出：生态有问题，不只是生态问题！乡村生态的改善之道自然不可就事论事。

As opposed to being an apocalyptic prophecy advocated by a small group of people, the increasingly “fashionable” ecological issues are not only popular realities happening in our daily life, but also important tasks and aspects of Contemporary Rural Reconstruction and a unique perspective for reflection in amalgamating discussions in Rural Reconstruction with other related tasks and disciplines. Therefore Rural Reconstruction must respond directly to the issues of Ecology and Sustainability but in doing so, requires the incorporation of a broader and more integrative and holistic vision. This paper analyses three of the case studies of Contemporary Rural …

乡村建设思想的历史起点, Xianming Wang

South South Forum 南南論壇

在近代中国思潮的起伏波动中，重商主义的倡导与中国传统的重农思想的冲突在所不免，由此引发了一场持续数十年的“工商立国”与“农业立国”之争。自1901年初《自强说》发表至1911年清朝覆亡的10年间，见诸报刊的讨论文字日渐增多，其观点则大致可分为工商为本论，农工商并重论，农业为本论三大类。1920年《农业立国意见书》的发表，标志着“农业立国论”将在未来的历史选择中开始拥有了独特的时代意义和价值。从某种意义而言，它形成了其后乡村建设思想的历史起点。

论卢作孚“乡村现代化”及“以经济建设为中心”思想及其启示意义 = Discussions On Lu Zuofu's "Rural Modernization" And "Taking Economy Building As Center" , And The Inspirational Meaning Thereof, Chonglai Liu

South South Forum 南南論壇

卢作孚乡村建设思想及实践探析之一

卢作孚主持的嘉陵江三峡乡村建设运动，是民国时期众多乡村建设实验中持续时间最长（1927~1949），成效突出的一个。其重要原因是卢作孚将“乡村现代化”作为其乡村建设运动的宗旨和理想目标；将“以经济建设为中心”作为实现“乡村现代化”的建设方式和实践方针。两者相辅相成，成为嘉陵江三峡乡村建设运动持续不衰的动力，也成为在民国时期众多乡村建设实验取得与众不同较大成就、较好成效的重要原因，对今天建设社会主义新农村和西部大开发具有现实启示意义。

An exploration of Lu Zuofu's thoughts and practices on rural reconstruction

Of the many rural reconstruction experiments that took place during the Republic Period, the "Jialing River Three Gorges Rural Reconstruction Movement " conducted by Lu Zuofu was the most long – lasting and had outstanding success. The major reason was that Lu Zuofu embraced "Rural Modernization” as the aim and ideal for the movement, and "Taking Economy Building as Center” to be the means and practical principle for realizing “Rural Modernization”. The two concepts complemented each other and became a sustainable, unwavering impetus behind the "Jialing River …

梁漱溟乡村建设思想与实践 = Liang Shuming’S Thoughts And Practices On Rural Reconstruction, Peishu Liang

South South Forum 南南論壇

No abstract provided.

晏阳初乡村建设历程 = Rural Construction Practice Of Yang Yangchu, Hongguo Yan

South South Forum 南南論壇

晏阳初先生是世界著名平民教育家，中国乡村建设运动的奠基人，在上世纪20年代初兴起的的中国平民教育和乡村建设运动中，他一枝独秀，在时间上坚持最长，从1926年定县实验开始到1990年逝世，长达70余年；在空间上扩展最广，从中国的华北（河北定县实验县）、华中（湖南衡山实验县）华西（新都实验县、华西实验区）到亚洲（菲律宾、泰国、印度）非洲（加纳）拉丁美洲（危地马拉、哥伦比亚）。他不但长期躬身实践，积累了丰富的实践经验，而且创造了完整的理论体系，被广泛地运用于世界乡村改造运动。

晏阳初的乡村建设的历程，可分为三个阶段。1926年开始的定县实验，标志着晏阳初领导的平民教育运动实现了从识字运动到乡村建设的（即兼及对人和自然环境、社会环境进行综合改造）的重大转折。这是一个质的突破，标志着平民教育运动发展到一个崭新的阶段。到1936年6月，定县实验才因抗日战争爆发而被迫停止。这10年，是晏阳初乡村建设运动的第一阶段。第一阶段的主要成果是创造了“定县经验”，找到了建设中国农村的正确方法，后来被证明也是适合改造世界贫困农村的正确方法。第二阶段包括湖南衡山实验县、四川新都实验县及华西实验区的工作，其中尤以华西实验区的工作为代表，历时13年。第三阶段是从上世纪50年代起将产生于中国大地，由中国人创造的乡村建设理论推向世界大舞台，经受了不同国度的人文环境、自然环境、政治环境的长期考验。这个阶段是以菲律宾的乡村建设为起始，扩展到亚、非、拉广大第三世界国家和地区，从1950年开始到1990年晏阳初逝世，历时40年。

Yang Yangchu was a world famous civil educator, the founder of national rural construction movement. He worked in this field for the longest time among his peers, since 1926’s Ding Xian experiment till 1990 when he passed away; also involved the most extensive range, from Northern China (Ding Xian, Hebei Province), Central China (Hengshan, Hunan Province), Western China (Xindu) to other Asian countries such as Thailand, India, Philippines; Ghana in Africa and Guatemala, Colombia in Latin America. Not only he practiced in the field, but also constructed a set of theories to be applied in the world wide …