Sociology Commons^™

Comparing The Effects Of Square, 4-7-8, And 6 Breaths-Per-Minute Breathing Conditions On Heart Rate Variability, Co2 Levels, And Mood, Joshua Marchant

Theses and Dissertations

Background and Hypotheses: Square and 4-7-8 breathing are popularly promoted by psychotherapists but have little empirical support. We hypothesized that breathing at 6 breaths per minute (bpm) would improve HRV, reduce blood pressure, and improve mood more than either square or 4-7-8 breathing. We also hypothesized square and 4-7-8 breathing would increase end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2). Methods: Eighty-four college students (60% female) had HRV measured at baseline and during 1) square breathing, 2) 4-7-8 breathing, 3) 6 bpm with a 4:6 inhale-to-exhale ratio, and 4) 6 bpm with a 5:5 ratio. We used a 3-lead electrocardiogram to measure HRV and a …

Creaciones En La Cocina Para Comer Juntos En Familia, Celina Wille, Lacee Jimenez, Casey Coombs, Heidi Leblanc, Lea Palmer, Jocelin Gibson

All Current Publications

Esta publicación, basada en la guía nutricional del programa SNAP-Ed, ofrece consejos prácticos y recetas culturalmente relevantes para promover una alimentación saludable y fortalecer los lazos familiares durante las comidas. Incluye conceptos básicos de planificación, un menú de muestra, guías de MiPlato e información para fomentar la participación de los niños en la cocina.

Reliability And Validity In Qualitative Research Revisited And The Role Of Ai, Prokopis A. Christou

The Qualitative Report

The evolving nature of research and the integration of new technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), introduce new challenges and threats, necessitating a re-examination of the key criteria of reliability and validity. In this paper, I revisit these concepts in the context of qualitative research, highlighting their evolving meanings and significance. I begin by defining reliability and validity and explaining their importance. Following this, I discuss strategies for establishing these criteria within qualitative studies and offer guidelines for maintaining rigor in the current research landscape. While emphasizing the need for human oversight, intervention, and interpretation, I underscore how to ensure …

A Guiding Resource In The Field Of Qualitative Enquiry: A Review Of Kathleen Demarrais, Kathryn Roulston, And Janie Copple’S Qualitative Research Design And Methods: An Introduction, Solomon Terfasa Dinka

The Qualitative Report

In my review of Qualitative Research Design and Methods: An Introduction by Kathleen deMarrais, Kathryn Roulston, and Janie Copple (2024), I found that the book is an essential resource for both new and experienced researchers interested in qualitative studies. The authors provide an in-depth framework for understanding different qualitative research methodologies, seamlessly combining theoretical concepts with practical applications. They also include helpful examples that illustrate how these methodologies can be applied in real-world settings. These are remarkable aspects of the book that I particularly valued in my review.

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Quality Of Higher Education, Pragati K. Rouniyar

Honors Thesis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining higher education, captivating scholars with its promise to personalize learning and streamline institutions. However, underneath this assurance exists a network of ethical challenges, disparities in equity, and inquiries regarding academic integrity that require our focus. In pursuit of this goal, this research employs a mixed-methods strategy—through the implementation of surveys and semi-structured interviews—to investigate the transformative effects of AI on higher education, concentrating on its repercussions for teaching techniques, learning results, and institutional processes. This study’s findings indicate that AI can personalize educational experiences to meet individual needs, ease course administrative workload, and assist with …

Group Dynamics Of Solution-Oriented Virtual Teams In Indonesian Startups: A Thematic Analysis, Tri Astuti, Avin Fadilla Helmi, Bagus Riyono

The Qualitative Report

The relationship between employees is currently undergoing quite significant changes. Initially, relationships were formed through direct interaction in traditional teams. However, in recent decades, relationships have not only occurred directly but can also occur because technology and networks, such as virtual teams, mediate them. The change from traditional teams to virtual teams results in changes in relationship dynamics. With this change, the question asked in this study is, how are group dynamics formed in virtual teams? Through this question, the purpose of the study was identified, namely, to develop a theory of virtual team group dynamics in startup companies. The …

Breast Cancer Diagnoses Are Increasing Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Women In The U.S., Esther Oshaji

Population Health Research Brief Series

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and a leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States. This data slice uses data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) Incidence Database to examine trends in breast cancer incidence rates among women by race and ethnicity in the U.S. from 2000 to 2021. The author finds that, while incidence rates remain highest among non-Hispanic White women, the largest increases in diagnoses have been among American Indian/Alaska Native Asian/Pacific Islander women.

Spatial And Seasonal Dynamics Of Mosquito Species In Harris County, Texas, Highlight Risk Of Arbovirus Introduction And Transmission, Morgan Jibowu, Maximea Vigilant, Andre Luis Costa-Da-Silva, Alisa Nelson, Heather T Essigmann, Eric L Brown, Sarah M Gunter

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant public health threat, particularly in densely populated urban areas. Climate change, urbanization, and global connectivity have fueled the expansion of mosquitoes and their associated pathogens, increasing the disease burden. Harris County, Texas, is among the most vulnerable regions in the United States for mosquito-borne disease outbreaks, underscoring the critical need for localized insights into mosquito population dynamics to inform vector surveillance and control strategies. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the population dynamics of mosquito species in Harris County by exploring their species composition, spatial distribution, and seasonal patterns. Our findings reveal the extensive …

Gender-Targeted Substance Use Interventions For Young Cisgender Women And Transgender Women – A Scoping Review (Preliminary Results), Stephanie A. Nairn, Jason D. Phillips, Thomas Jones, Carolina Rodriguez, Debbie Schmill

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Abstract Polysubstance use among young people has recently become the focus of popular media, public health interventions, and research due to alarming increases in polysubstance use-related morbidity and mortality in younger age groups in North America. Research also suggests that gender is an important factor to consider when trying to understand polysubstance use and to develop effective interventions for substance use in young people.

Cisgender and transgender women's experience of polysubstance use is contextualized by intersecting structural, social, and individual-level factors. For example, young cisgender women are more likely to be the victims of rape, incest, childhood sexual and emotional …

Every Grain Of Sand: 2024 Changes To The Scope Of Higher Education Unionization, William A. Herbert, Joseph Van Der Naald, Jacob Apkarian

Publications and Research

In this research note, we supplement the findings presented in the National Center’s 2024 Directory of Bargaining Agents and Contracts in Institutions of Higher Education. We aggregate and analyze data on changes in academic collective bargaining relationships for faculty, postdoctoral scholars, and graduate and undergraduate student employees in the year 2024. Our findings demonstrate that the growth in academic collective bargaining over the past decade that we documented in the 2024 Directory has continued. However, we find some significant contractions in faculty unionization through institutional closures and the revocation of bargaining units in the state of Florida. The research …

Gender, Parenthood, And Crime: What People Expect When You’Re Expecting, Madelyn Blaser

Honors Thesis

Decades of research have underscored the importance of personal demographics on criminal sentencing outcomes. Race and gender have gained increasing attention within this area, while parental status, particularly expectant parenthood, has largely been neglected. The current study seeks to examine the influence that an offender’s gender and parental status have on how they are viewed by the public. Using a vignette-style survey of American adults, this paper examines how gender and parental status influences public perception of an offender’s character. The survey also highlights the impacts that gender and parental status have on perceptions of a fair correctional outcome. Results …

College Outcomes For Young Adults With And Without Learning Disabilities And Adhd: Formal-Disability-Programming And Informal-Disability-Supports, Dara R. Shifrer, Rachel Springer, Hannah Sean Ellefritz, Ned Tilbrook

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Inequalities by disability status in college outcomes contribute to inequalities throughout adulthood in multiple domains. As the share of students with learning disabilities and/or ADHD increases on college campuses, research is needed on how best to support these undergraduates, both through formal and informal means. We integrate the social and medical models of disability with data on nearly 17,000 young adults in the US, who typically finished high school in 2013, and find that formal-disability-programming relates negatively to college enrollment but has no apparent bearing on college persistence. Among youth with similar sociodemographic backgrounds and comparable end of high school …

Community-Oriented Policing In A Majority-Black Neighborhood: In Search Of A Local Solution To A National Problem, Nasaskyia R. Hicks, Shanada Mcfadden, Natallia Sianko

Transforming Communities

Few issues loom larger today than how the United States can rehabilitate its criminal justice system. Although justified and undoubtedly timely, the national focus often shifts attention away from local, interpersonal, and community processes that shape how criminal justice is administered and experienced differently in communities across the country. Our goal is to contribute to the national conversation on community-oriented policing and social innovation to improve police-community relations and increase public trust in majority-Black neighborhoods. This article offers a call to action for the scientific and policy communities to reflect on effective practices that bring the voices of local stakeholders …

The Influence Of Education Level On Voter Behaviour In The 2024 Presidential And Vice-Presidential Election In Jambi, Cholillah Suci Pratiwi, Hatta Abdi Muhammad, Sutri Destemi Elsi Elsi, Muhammad Vicky Afris Suryono

Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan

Educational attainment significantly influences voting behaviour in presidential elections, particularly in Jambi City. This study investigates the effect of formal education on voter behaviour during the 2024 presidential election and explores the behavioural patterns adopted by voters, including sociological, psychological, and rational approaches. It also assesses how education influences voter preferences and participation and its broader implications for local political dynamics. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to voters in Jambi City. The findings reveal that higher levels of education are strongly associated with more informed and rational voting decisions. Formal and informal educational experiences …

Exploring The Causes Of Plwha Non-Adherence With Antiretroviral Therapy: Implications For Practice In The Post-Covid-19 Era, A Phenomenological Study, Adriani Suwito, Evi Hasnita, Nurhayati -. Nurhayati, Oktavianis -. Oktavianis

The Qualitative Report

One of the goals of HIV/AIDS health services is to combat patients’ non-adherence with medication. This is the key to providing effective care for these patients. If a patient is rebellious or undisciplined in following his treatment regimen, the consequences can include decreased production, increased morbidity, and even death. However, in the post-COVID-19 period, where health protocol adherence remains strong, there are concerns regarding the potential spread of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenon study is to investigate the factors that contribute to non-adherence to medicine in HIV/AIDS patients during the post-COVID-19 condition to remove barriers to patient treatment. …

Child Marriage Traditions In Pakistan: Reconstructing (In) Security And Subjective Well-Being Of Children, Makhtoom Ahmed, Muhammad Zaman, Hifza Irfan

The Qualitative Report

This article reports on child marriage traditions in the past and in contemporary times vis-a-vis promoting security, insecurity, and well-being in Pakistan. Although the practice of child marriage has begun to decline due to social change, modernisation, and development in urban areas, it tends to linger on in rural communities within Pakistan. In such communities, there is a general perception that early marriage is in the interest and well-being of couples as it allows them to experience long-term marital intimacy and life satisfaction. The present study is part of an extensive ethnographic study in which the authors analysed interview data …

Strong Black Women Schema: Sexual Assault, Identity, Mental Health Outcomes, Ishara Jean-Francois, Cassandra Hinger, Kelly Yu-Hsin Liao

Great Lakes Regional Counseling Psychology Conference

Sexual violence is a significant issue that is affecting the Black community, and it is leading to negative mental health outcomes for Black women (Zounlome et al., 2019). The proposed study will examine on the Strong Black Women Schema and aspects of identity following sexual violence.

Belonging On The Field: Racial Identity, Inclusion, And Challenges Of Athletes Of Color In Predominantly White Sports, Mikaila Ealum, Madeline Koch

Great Lakes Regional Counseling Psychology Conference

Despite past research exploring the relationship between racial and athletic identities in Black American athletes, there remains a significant gap in literature regarding the impact of sports social environments on the salience of these identities, highlighting the need for further investigation.

Sostenibilidad Ambiental En Comunidades Mayas: Riesgos Y Desafíos En La Era Del Cambio Climático, Gertrudis Guzmán Noh Dr.

Journal of Maya Heritage

El presente artículo analiza las dinámicas de sostenibilidad ambiental en comunidades mayas del estado de Yucatán, México, enfocándose en los riesgos ambientales y las respuestas adaptativas desarrolladas frente al cambio climático. El trabajo se desarrolló en tres comunidades: Yaxunah, caracterizada por la producción artesanal y la sobreexplotación del árbol de Chaká (Bursera simaruba); Ixil, que enfrenta disputas territoriales e inundaciones recurrentes; y Sotuta, afectada por la contaminación acuífera derivada de una granja porcina en zonas aledañas. Metodológicamente, se implementó un enfoque de investigación acción participativa que integró diálogo de saberes, matrices de análisis de riesgo y estrategias de intervención comunitaria. …

Inside A Youth Participatory Action Research (Ypar) Process: A Practitioner’S Communicative Experience Navigating Processual And Relational Power Dynamics Within Ypar, Lacey Nicole Stein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines the communicative dimensions of Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR), with particular attention to the power dynamics embedded in the processual and relational aspects of the research process. Through a meta-level examination of a nearly two-year YPAR project, this study illuminates how communication can function for YPAR practitioners as they navigate YPAR's complex power structures, thereby addressing a significant gap in existing literature. The study employs Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis to reveal nuanced findings in two key areas. First, it identifies the communicative complexities of enacting multiple adult roles within YPAR, including those of "superior" adult, facilitator, …

Value-Based Healthcare Reimagined: A Mixed-Methods Study On Behavioral Health Clinicians' Perspectives, Amanda L. Strickland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study explores how behavioral health clinicians perceive Value-Based Healthcare (VBHC), a model designed by Porter and Teisberg (2006) to improve outcomes relative to costs. While widely promoted in healthcare reform, VBHC poses unique challenges when applied to behavioral health settings. Using an explanatory mixed-methods design, this study first assessed clinicians’ awareness of VBHC through a survey of 23 licensed clinicians at a Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) in Colorado. Quantitative findings revealed that one-third of participants were aware of VBHC with awareness differing by role prompting further exploration in a qualitative phase. Semi-structured interviews with eight clinicians provided deeper …

Soft Law, Activism, And Climate Displacement: Rethinking International Protections For The Environmentally Displaced, Guljannat Huseynli, Andrea G. Brown

Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)

Climate change is displacing millions of people globally, yet those forced to migrate due to environmental factors remain unprotected under existing international refugee law. This paper argues that legal recognition for climate refugees can emerge not through immediate treaty reform but through the evolution of soft law and norm creation. Drawing on constructivist theory, it examines how activism, international organizations, and legal precedents contribute to shifting global norms. Through case studies such as Ioane Teitiota v. New Zealand and the Fridays for Future movement, the paper shows how strategic litigation and advocacy can build momentum for future legal protections. It …

Esports: Women, Harassment, And Paving The Way For Equity, Becky Harris

International Gaming Institute Faculty Research

It all began with a patent. In 1947, Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device, the first video game, featured oscilloscope graphics similar to World War II radar screens. As targets appeared on the screen, players maneuvered light beans in an attempt to destroy them. Or... maybe it’s not. Whether or not Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device is actually the first video game to be invented depends on your school of thought. Technically, Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device is mechanical and does not rely on programming. It does have the distinction of being the first electronic game to be issued a patent …

The Importance Of Recruitment Of Low-Income Pregnant Persons In Interdisciplinary Research To Understand The Impact Of Social And Environmental Determinants: Lessons Learned About Implementation And Recruitment, Erika R. Marquez, Amanda Haboush-Deloye, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, Selam Ayele, Courtney Coughenour, Nora Doyle, Wynona Dizon, Lizbeth Perez Rodriguez, Chloe Bombara

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Background: Prior research indicates that enrolling underrepresented populations in clinical research is challenging. Although research has identified some barriers to participation and strategies to overcome them, studies have made little progress in being inclusive and representative. There remains a great need for including racial/ethnic minorities, low-income families, and pregnant women in research. The purpose of this article is to describe the implementation of enrollment strategies used in our study to understand the feasibility of building a maternal cohort and better understand the relationship between environmental and social impacts on maternal exposure and child outcomes.

Methods: Working across multiple academic units, …

Beyond Political Democracy And Plebiscitary Citizenship: Accounting For New Modes Of Participation And Citizenry In Saudi Arabia, Shumaila Fatima

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation addresses the global need to understand the evolving state-society relationship in a developmental state. The reforms in Saudi Arabia are widely gaining attention for abandoning the country’s longstanding illiberal practices. Yet, the state remains conventionally conservative in numerous ways for citizen and non-citizen populations. The dissertation employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and a set of conceptual frameworks to analyze what the reforms indicate about the concepts of democracy and citizenship. The dissertation is divided into three journal-style articles. The first article of the dissertation analyzes three reforms to find implicit or explicit evidence of rights …

Code Of Good Practice In Research, Munster Technological University, Ireland

Policies & Procedures

The University is committed to ensuring that the research it supports is carried out to the highest possible standards of integrity and in conformity with current legislation.

The University expects that all research is performed to the highest standards of integrity at all times, irrespective of whether the researchers are students, contract researchers or staff members of the University, or their collaborators. Research integrity takes precedence over any consideration related to the source of the funding, either internal or external.

This code sets out a series of guiding principles and standards for good research practice and applies to all disciplines. …

Research Data Management Policy, Munster Technological University, Ireland

Policies & Procedures

The purpose of this policy is to provide a framework for Research Data Management (RDM) in the University throughout the stages of the research cycle. This includes, but is not limited to, collection, curation, secure storage, organisation, retrieval, re-use, sharing, archiving, and access of research data, in accordance with international best practice, legal, statutory, ethical, contractual and intellectual property obligations, and the requirements of research funding bodies, publishers and stakeholders. The University and researchers will make all best efforts to make sure they are consistent with this policy.

Neighborhood Disadvantage And Inequities In Access To Preemptive And Living Kidney Transplantation, Brandon M Fairless, Oluwatunmise A Fawole, Duc T Nguyen, Ankona Banerjee, Kenneth J Nobleza, Abiodun O Oluyomi, Omar Rosales, Jayna M Dave, Elizabeth A Onugha

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Key Points:

1. Pediatric patients residing in low-resource neighborhoods experienced lower rates of preemptive and living donor kidney transplantation.

2. Household-level factors (single-parent, non-English primary language, and receiving government assistance) may also affect the type of transplant received.

3. Area Deprivation Index scores offer an objective way to quantify neighborhood-level disadvantage and can enhance pretransplant screening.

Background: Living donor kidney transplant (LDKT) generally results in better outcomes than deceased donor kidney transplant (DDKT). Preemptive kidney transplant (KT) allows patients to bypass undergoing maintenance dialysis and is associated with improved patient and graft survival. Studies in the US pediatric population have shown racial-ethnic disparities …

Short Duration Relationship And Marriage Education (Rme) During Covid-19: Outcomes And Future Directions, Pamela B. Payne, Naomi Brower, Melanie Jewkes

Transforming Communities

Abstract

COVID-19 reshaped short duration relationship marriage education (RME), requiring that previously in person programs, including the Utah Marriage Celebration (UMC) move to remote formats. It is critical that outcomes of such transitions are evaluated and assessed. Marriage Celebration 2021 included 348 participants who responded after participating in the virtual event and 148 participants who responded to a one month follow up. Results indicate that like prior Marriage Celebration events, participants indicated their perceived relationship knowledge increased. Commitment to change was evaluated for the first time and showed significant results related to age and issues being covered. Implications for RME …

Women's Empowerment In Apcnf: A Critical Examination Of Feminist Goals In Agroecology, Anvitha Ravipati

Student Scholarship

This paper delves into the critical issues surrounding agroecology, with a specific focus on the intersection of ecology, polity, society, and economy. In the context of the Anthropocene era, the global threat of climate change poses significant challenges such as rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and disruptions in food production. The paper highlights the predicted impacts of climate change on food security, particularly in the tropics, emphasizing the need for social and environmental justice in mitigation and adaptation efforts. Furthermore, it discusses the concept of political agroecology as a lens to address sociological and political aspects within the realm …