Sociology Commons^™

Understanding Internal Migration In Myanmar: A Study On Recent Movements And Future Intentions, Thiri Moe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study explores the factors driving internal migration in Myanmar, focusing on movements within the past two years and the potential for future migration. Using data from round one of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), the analysis applies descriptive statistics and logistic regression to explore key migration determinants. By analysing individuals and household characteristics and reasons for recent migration, this study aims to understand the internal migration in Myanmar. The research finds that younger individuals, those who are married or separated, and households with young children are more likely to have migrated. Education level and household size also play …

A Systematic Review On Non-Citizen Children Education In Malaysia With Policy Learning From Selected Economies, Lee Xiang Teh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Official statistics indicated that in 2023, Malaysia was home to approximately 617,900 non-citizen children. Despite this demographic, Malaysia has not signed the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, nor the 1954 Statelessness Convention. Consequently, all non-citizens, including refugees, asylum seekers, and stateless individuals, face similar treatment to undocumented migrants, limiting their access to education, healthcare services, and formal employment.This systematic review seeks to comprehensively analyse the current educational landscape for non-citizen children in Malaysia. It aims to compare Malaysia's education policies with those of other selected economies, identifying strengths and areas for improvement. The review also proposes key insights …

Exploring The Association Between Religiosity And Health Outcomes In Indonesia's Aging And Pre-Aging Muslim Population: Insights From The Indonesia Family Life Survey 5, Afridah Ikrimah

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study examines the association between Muslim religiosity and health outcomes among the aging and pre-aging populations in Indonesia, utilizing cross-sectional data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) with 4,535 respondents aged 50 and above. Multivariate logistic regression analysis investigates the associations between various dimensions of Muslim religiosity (i.e., self-perceived religiosity, frequency of daily prayer, and frequency of religious attendance) and health outcomes, including self-rated health, functional dependence, depression, insomnia, diabetes, liver disease, kidney disease, tuberculosis, heart problems, high cholesterol, stroke, and hypertension. Results show significant associations as follows: higher self-perceived religiosity is associated with better self-rated health and …

Fertility In Chin State, Myanmar: An Insight From Demographic And Health Survey, Win Zaw Myo

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chin State has one of the highest fertility rates in Myanmar, which imposes significant pressure on both families and the state's resources. This study investigates the socio-economic factors influencing the number of children ever born (CEB) among ever-married women in Chin State, Myanmar. Using a subsample of 392 women aged 30 years and above from the female samples in Chin State in the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS), data were analyzed through five Poisson regression models. The findings indicate that older women tend to have more children. Women residing in rural areas show higher CEB compared to their urban …

Employment Situation Of Older Persons In Vietnam: Impact Of Covid-19 And Individual Coping Strategies, Trieu Thi Phuong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Providing a secured employment system is a sustainable strategy given the context of a rapid population aging in Vietnam when the country is still in the lower-middle income group and a large part of older persons are living in low socioeconomic conditions. This work aims to investigate the situation of older persons’ employment in Vietnam (employing the 2018 and 2020 Vietnam Housing and Living Standard Surveys) and the impact of COVID-19 on their employment and individual coping strategies to overcome employment difficulties (utilizing the 2021 Labour Force Survey). This study finds that older persons with retirement pension, facing health problems, …

How Class Matters: Examining Working-Class Children’S Home Technology Environments From A Developmental Perspective, Vikki Katz, Brianna Hightower

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Social class is seldom engaged by scholars as a lens for investigating variations in children’s digital technology engagement. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 33 working-class children in a postindustrial community, we examine how social class shapes these children’s digital technology experiences. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of child development guides our examination of children’s views on digital technology integration into their interactions with proximal influences (i.e., parents, siblings, and friends) and distal influences that indirectly shape their technology environments by affecting their parents’ circumstances. We find that working-class children’s experiences share key commonalities with both their lower- and higher-income peers, consistent with …

Direct Care Staff Experiences In Oregon Assisted Living, Residential Care And Memory Care Communities, 2022, Paula Carder, Sarah Dys, Lindsay Schwartz, Diana Jacoby, Jacklyn N. Kohon, Dani Himes, Madeleine Fox, Sheryl Elliott, Lauren Bouchard, Portland State University Institute On Aging

Institute on Aging Publications

Resident care assistants (e.g., direct care workers, caregivers, personal care aides) provide the majority of services to assisted living, residential care and memory care-endorsed (ALF/RCF) residents. They faced significant burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic, which amplified existing challenges in some ALF/RCF communities, yet little is known about their work experiences. This qualitative study collected data through focus group and individual interviews with 21 resident care assistants and 12 external colleagues who have experience hiring, training or managing resident care assistants and other ALF/RCF staff, including registered nurse consultants, staffing agency operators, state policy staff, ALF/RCF community operations managers, and advocates. …

Toxic Masculinity And Gender-Based Gun Violence In America: A Way Forward, Hayley N. Lawrence

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The ‘Hijacking’ Of The Scandinavian Journal Of Information Systems: Implications For The Information Systems Community [Opinion], Sune Dueholm Müller, Johan Ivar Sæbø

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Journal hijacking, which refers to the attempted brand takeover of a journal by a third party, is a nascent threat confronting the information systems (IS) community, as evidenced by cybercriminals having established an online presence, masquerading as the Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems (SJIS). The SJIS hijacking damages the journal's reputation, leads to payment and publication scams, involves identity theft among unsuspecting IS researchers, and results in tarnished author reputations. Beyond SJIS, journal hijacking presents a threat, not only to the IS community, but also to science and academic integrity in general if researchers and readers cannot distinguish between fake …

Using Youtube To Explain Housing, Michael Lewyn

Scholarly Works

In 2021, the author ran for Borough President of Manhattan, New York. The author tried to his scholarship into his campaign by producing over twenty Youtube videos, most of which addressed land use and housing policy. The article describes the videos, and evaluates their usefulness.

The Role Of Suspect Development Practices In Eyewitness Identification Accuracy And Racial Disparities In Wrongful Conviction, Margaret Bull Kovera

Publications and Research

This article reviews the three previously studied categories of variables that are related to eyewitness identification accuracy: estimator (characteristics of the witnessing conditions), system (characteristics of the identification procedure that are under the control of the criminal legal system), and reflector (variables that reflect the likely accuracy of a witness). Although eyewitness scholars frequently turn to these variables and models of memory to explain why eyewitnesses make mistakes, none of these variables provides a reasonable explanation for the large racial disparities in wrongful convictions based on mistaken identifications, yet problematic policing practices might. The policies and practices guiding police efforts …

Differences In Religious Framing Of Muslims And Islam In American Media Coverage Before And After The Trump Campaign, Emily Greene-Colozzi, Amy Adamczyk, Senahan Kiyal Keles

Publications and Research

Over the last 20 years Muslims have received a disproportionate amount of news media attention. In 2017 they were again thrust into the spotlight when the Trump administration issued a travel ban blocking entry from seven predominately-Muslim countries. With our hand coding of over 900 newspaper articles and mixed modeling techniques, we examine the newspaper rhetoric surrounding Muslims before and during the Trump administration and across US states. We find that after President Trump’s election, fewer newspapers mentioned religion or referenced Muslim claimsmakers. We also reveal that higher state-level religious salience was associated with more newspapers referencing religious claimsmakers in …

The Political Ramifications Of Judicial Institutions: Establishing A Link Between Dobbs And Gender Disparities In The 2022 Midterms, Udi Sommers, Or Rappel-Kroyzer, Amy Adamczyk, Lindsay Lerner, Anna Weiner

Publications and Research

In the American system of government, courts are designed to operate within the legal sphere, with limited political interference. Is it possible, though, that a behavior that is at the heart of the political process can be influenced directly by a judicial decision? Focusing on voter registration big data for the universe of voters in North Carolina around the time of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, the authors assess the roles of gender, political party affiliation, and age in voter registration. North Carolina is the only state whose voter registry has the necessary granularity over time and information needed. …

Montana's Local Exotic Pet Trade, Alexa Bene Hansen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Displacement, Place Attachment, And Other Characteristics Of Anglers On The Yellowstone River, Zachary L. Jones

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Yellowstone River has seen increasing recreational use as Montana has grown and out of state visitation has increased, leading to some locals voicing concerns of crowding. River recreation, as with many outdoor recreational activities, has participants that may be considered to be sensitive to crowded conditions and place a high value on solitude. Considering these perceptions, there is reason to believe that these participants may change their river use patterns if or when the perceived level of crowding exceeds their tolerance thresholds. Further, monitoring efforts conducted at river access sites often do not fully capture users that are already displaced …

An Examination Of Transitioning Meso-Institutions And Markets In The Landscape Of American Politics, Devin Thomas Marconi

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This paper bridges the gap in the literature between sociological accounts of market actors provided by Mark Granovetter and Douglas North, meso-institutional examinations of polarization provided by Paul Pierson and Eric Schickler, and the psychological exploration into cross-cutting identities provided by Liliana Mason. I argue that the nationalization and concentration of markets, identities, and politics have led to a transition within the meso-institution of the market from maintaining self-regulating punishment mechanisms to replacing them with self-reinforcing mechanisms, exacerbating affective polarization. Previous works explore the transition within the meso-institutions of the media, interest groups, and political parties. I include the market …

Uncovering The Connection Between Mental Health Service Availability And Violent Crime: A Test Of Macrolevel Theory, Tatianna R. Pugmire

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Since the decline of mental health service funding and availability, the relationship between untreated (or improperly treated) serious mental illness and violent crime is increasingly critical to examine. Rooted in a social support and institutional anomie theory (IAT) perspective, the purpose of this quantitative study is to analyze the relationship between mental health service availability and violent crime rates across the United States for the year 2016. It was hypothesized that findings would suggest an inverse relationship between mental health service availability and rates of violent crime. Results revealed the opposite, however, indicating that the more psychiatric hospitals in an …

"Our Loons": Participant Attachments And Motivations Within A Community-Based Monitoring Program, Taylor Tewksbury

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Organizations can benefit from understanding person-place relationships and volunteer motivations as they recruit and sustain involvement in their community-based monitoring (CBM) programs. Place attachment, or the bond between people and their meaningful environments, is one lens through which to explore these relationships. Past studies have associated place attachment with environmentally responsible behaviors (ERB), such as CBM involvement. However, few studies have explored the relationship between place attachment and CBM in the context of volunteers’ attachment to the species of study.

The purpose of this research study was to explore the place-based relationships and motivations among volunteers of the Loon Preservation …

Investigating Intellectual Diversity: A Critical Examination Of Academic Publishing Practices And Their Effects On Wildlife Conservation, Madeline M. Damon

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Academic publishing processes and standards play a fundamental role in communicating, reviewing, and expanding scientific knowledge in wildlife conservation. However, various publishing biases privilege some research perspectives and worldviews while limiting others. These biases directly impact intellectual diversity, or differences in ontology, axiology, and epistemology. This study aims to quantify intellectual diversity in the field of wildlife conservation and identify how publishing biases affect knowledge available to researchers and decision-makers worldwide.

The study employed a sample of 50,000 articles published between 2018 and 2022, collected from the Web of Science database. To analyze the vast amount of article records, natural …

The Cogenerate Innovation Fellowship: Supporting Leaders Of Intergenerational Initiatives, Cal J. Halvorsen, Eunice Lin Nichols, Janet Oh

Harvey A. Friedman Center for Aging

This Case Report provides a detailed overview of the CoGenerate Innovation Fellowship, a 9-month fellowship that supports leaders of intergenerational initiatives developed by the national nonprofit organization, CoGenerate. It describes the Fellowship’s recruitment and cohort development strategies, monthly meetings and community-building efforts, end-of-Fellowship celebration, and post-Fellowship support. It summarizes findings from the two-year pilot’s process and outcomes evaluation and provides recommendations to individuals and organizations seeking to support social sector innovators who are leading intergenerational initiatives.

The Socio-Political History Of Cannabis In Costa Rica, Winston C. Grady

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The socio-political history of cannabis in Costa Rica is one of external global influence; from colonization to independence; from neocolonialism to neoliberalism. Cannabis in Costa Rica has gone from failed agricultural crop to non-indigenous intoxicant import to controversial cultural mainstay. As Mexico influenced cannabis prohibition in the United States, so too has the U.S. approach to cannabis prohibition influenced Costa Rica. Costa Rica now grapples with attempting to reorient its general anti-cannabis status quo to one of regulated marketplace acceptance. My research findings indicate that cannabis originally entered Costa Rica in the late 19^th century by way of imported …

"Think Of The Children!": Understanding Parental And Community Opposition To Critical Race Theory, Daniela S. Tierra

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Critical Race Theory (CRT) in schools has become a controversial topic nationwide, leading to widespread and alarming bans on the teaching of CRT. CRT has been accused of shaming white children, creating racial division, and creating a “victim mentality” amongst people of color. The CRT utilized in critical legal studies, ethnic studies, and sociology looks drastically different from what opponents claimed. So, what exactly is CRT - more importantly, what do opponents of CRT believe it to be, and why are they opposed to it? This thesis builds on the sociological field of critical whiteness to examine the academic origin …

Prison Libraries, Intellectual Freedom And Social Justice In Nigeria, Olusegun Adebayo Opesanwo, Oluyomi Abidemi Awofeso Phd

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper deployed a systematic review to examine prison libraries and intellectual freedom towards attaining social justice in Nigeria. Information resources used cover the periods of 2010 and 2020 to articulate the necessary development in prison libraries, intellectual freedom and social justice in Nigeria. Search engines such as Google scholar, Semantic Scholar, and RefSeek were used to retrieve information and through different queries yielded several results but very few of them were selected to fit in the study due to limited studies directed to address the focus of this study particularly in the Nigeria scenario. Information obtained were subjected to …

Pathways To Sustainability: Industry, Development, Business, Agriculture, Economy, And Politics, Andreas Hernandez, Pablo Arias-Benavides, Dayana C.M. Machada, Ousmane Pame, Alice Main, Per Moller

Geography and Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

In this chapter we examine six compelling on-the-ground experiences, which are demonstrating pathways to sustainability, resilience and regeneration. Each case opens a pathway to sustainability in a key sphere of human activity: industry, development, business, agriculture, economy and politics. These experiences are creating new social imaginaries embodied in the practical forms of new politics and economics aimed at profound democratizations of human life, and towards a creative realignment of humans with the rest of the web of life. These social imaginaries are both open and encompassing. They are open in the sense that they can be filled with new possibilities …

Community Participation, Experience, And Perceptions Of The Solar Over Louisville Solarize Program, 2022-2023. A Technical Report Prepared For Louisville Metro Government, Angela Storey, D. Johnson, J. Chatellier, Lauren Heberle, A. Smith

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Phenomenological Study Into The Role Of Self-Efficacy In Minority Student-Athletes' Sport Performance, Tomas A. Singhgolden

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Self-efficacy is a person’s belief in their ability to successfully complete a task, which can be derived from four sources of information (i.e., past performance, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological states). The role of self-efficacy in sporting performance is well documented as being positively associated with enhanced performance across multiple levels of sport (e.g., Olympic, collegiate athletes). Specifically, with collegiate athletes, high levels of reported self-efficacy have resulted in higher performance accomplishments. Although self-efficacy has been researched within sports, there is a dearth of knowledge examining ethnic minority athletes’ perceptions of self-efficacy related to their athletic performance. The aim …

Gender Representation In Children's Media And Preschool-Aged Girls’ Internalized Beliefs About Gender, Jessica Lindsey Kanne Atkins

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The current study examines patterns of gender representation through three categories (distribution, presentation, and stereotyped behaviors) in children’s media and how these patterns relate to preschool-aged girls’ internalized beliefs about gender. Both historical and presently available children’s media tends to display high levels of stereotypical gender representation. By preschool age, children have already developed distinctions between boys and girls, and hold internalized beliefs regarding gender. The objective of the current study is to examine the relationship between these two factors. To accomplish this, preschool-aged girls were interviewed to assess their internalized beliefs about gender. Their caregivers completed questionnaires related to …

อิทธิพลของการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตทางเศรษฐกิจกับรายได้ของลูกจ้างในประเทศไทย, กุลชาติ ประทุมชัย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ของการศึกษาคือ (1) เพื่อศึกษาการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตทางเศรษฐกิจของลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ต (2) เพื่อทดสอบอิทธิพลของปัจจัยทางประชากรและสังคม ปัจจัยการทำงานและปัจจัยทรัพยากรการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตที่ส่งผลต่อการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตทางเศรษฐกิจของลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ต และ (3) เพื่อทดสอบอิทธิพลของปัจจัยทางประชากรและสังคม ปัจจัยการทำงานและทุนทางเศรษฐกิจดิจิทัลที่ส่งผลต่อรายได้ของลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ต โดยการศึกษาครั้งนี้ศึกษากลุ่มประชากรวัยแรงงานที่มีอายุ 18 – 59 ปี มีสถานภาพการทำงานเป็นลูกจ้างและมีการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตในระหว่าง 3 เดือนก่อนวันสัมภาษณ์ ผู้ศึกษาใช้ข้อมูลทุติยภูมิจากการสำรวจการใช้เทคโนโลยีและการสื่อสารในครัวเรือนและการสำรวจภาวะการทำงานของประชากรของสำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติในปี พ.ศ.2558 พ.ศ.2561 และพ.ศ.2563 ผลการศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการใช้ประโยชน์จากอินเทอร์เน็ตทางเศรษฐกิจของลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ต พบว่า กลุ่มเพศหญิง อายุน้อย การศึกษาสูง อาศัยอยู่เขตเทศบาล รายได้สูง ทักษะแรงงานสูง มีการใช้คอมพิวเตอร์ทำงานและมีทรัพยากรการการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตที่ดีกว่ามีแนวโน้มที่จะใช้ประโยชน์จากอินเทอร์เน็ตทางเศรษฐกิจมากกว่า ในขณะที่ลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตที่มีรายได้ต่ำและทำงานเป็นลูกจ้างรัฐบาลและรัฐวิสาหกิจมีแนวโน้มที่จะใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตเพื่อการศึกษาเรียนรู้มากกว่า สำหรับการศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อรายได้ของลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ต พบว่า ลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตที่มีทุนทางเศรษฐกิจดิจิทัลต่ำที่สุดและสูงที่สุดนั้นมีช่องว่างทางรายได้ที่แตกต่างกันถึงร้อยละ 36 – 38 ส่วนลูกจ้างผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตที่เป็นเพศหญิงและมีสถานภาพโสดเป็นกลุ่มที่มีความได้เปรียบด้านทุนทางเศรษฐกิจดิจิทัล แต่กลับได้รับผลตอบแทนทางรายได้ที่น้อยกว่าแสดงถึงข้อจำกัดในการเข้าถึงทรัพยากรในพื้นที่นอกเขตดิจิทัล รวมถึงอาจมีข้อจำกัดในการแปลงทุนทางเศรษฐกิจดิจิทัลให้เป็นทุนทางเศรษฐกิจในชีวิตจริง การศึกษาในครั้งนี้ทำให้ทราบผลกระทบของกระบวนการเปลี่ยนผ่านเป็นดิจิทัล (Digitalization) ที่มีต่อประชากรกลุ่มวัยแรงงาน การเข้าถึงทรัพยากรการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตและการใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพอาจช่วยส่งเสริมความเท่าเทียมกันในทางสังคมที่มีอยู่ได้ หากผู้ใช้อินเทอร์เน็ตสามารถแปลงทุนในพื้นที่ดิจิทัลให้เป็นทุนในพื้นที่ชีวิตจริง ดังนั้นการลดช่องว่างทางดิจิทัลโดยส่งเสริมการเข้าถึงทรัพยากรในพื้นที่ดิจิทัลอย่างเท่าเทียมจึงมีความสำคัญในการสร้างสังคมที่เป็นธรรมในยุคเศรษฐกิจดิจิทัล

Intersectionality And Gender Injustice In Higher Education In Pre- And Post-Coup Myanmar, Ei Yin Yin Phyu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research examines gender injustice in Higher Education in pre- and post-coup Myanmar. It explores how gender injustice has been perceived and practiced during the semi- civilian government and after the 2021 coup, both in private and public spaces. Using intersectionality and gender injustice concepts, this research employs a qualitative approach, collecting primary data through interviews with women university scholars, as well as secondary sources such as legal documents, education laws, university policies and regulations regarding gender equality. It incorporates other gender-related concepts and frameworks in order to strengthen its empirical findings. Primary data collection included 17 female participants from …

Empathy In Police Officers Undergoing De-Escalation Simulation Training: A Comparison Between Virtual Reality And Live Action Modalities, Jacqueline Kohl

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study compared empathy among police officers undergoing mental health crisis de-escalation training in virtual reality and live action training modalities. The study included police officers across different police services in Ontario (N=63) and evaluated the efficacy of the Mental Health Crisis Response Training (MHCRT, Lavoie et al., 2020) program delivered across virtual reality and live action modalities against a control group that did not receive the training program. After collection of participants’ demographics, empathy scores, and de-escalation competency scores, a series of correlations, ANOVAs and ANCOVAs were conducted. Results showed that participants receiving MHCRT virtual reality and …