Sociology Commons^™

An Examination Of Legal Responses By United States To Technological Advances In Organized Drug Smuggling, Abdulwahab Aldossary

Symposium Projects

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Magnet Hospitals On Nursing Burnout, Jonathan Settle, Michael Davis, Eric Pulice, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Introduction:

The World Health Organization [2019] defined burnout as a syndrome caused by chronic job stressors that are not successfully managed, characterized by exhaustion, depersonalization, job detachment, and feelings of inadequacy (WHO, 2019). According to Murthy [2022], the nursing burnout crisis was underway before COVID-19. Nurse burnout recognized pre-COVID-19 was due to systemic organizational problems such as inadequate organizational support and underinvestment in public health (Murthy, 2022).

A 2022 survey of 2500 nurses exhibited increased rates of burnout during the pandemic, with 75% of respondents experiencing burnout, while 65% of those surveyed expressed their desire to leave the healthcare field …

Grassroots Familialism? Ngo Mobilization And Neoconservatism In Contemporary Turkey, Sevgi Adak

Faculty & Staff Publications

Familialism in contemporary Turkey has primarily been analysed as a crucial aspect of the social policy of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi – AKP) government. The incorporation of familialism into other policy areas has also received some attention. Less attention has been given, however, to the ‘civil’ channels through which this state-level familialism is supported and propagated. A network of family-oriented conservative NGOs has proliferated in the last decade, and this article looks at the campaigns they organize and the discourses they use to influence and foster familialism at the state level. Drawing on an …

Obesity Heterogeneity By Neighborhood Context In A Largely Latinx Sample, Ashley W. Kranjac, Dinko Kranjac, Zeev N. Kain, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Brooke N. Jenkins

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Neighborhood socioeconomic context where Latinx children live may influence body weight status. Los Angeles County and Orange County of Southern California both are on the list of the top ten counties with the largest Latinx population in the USA. This heterogeneity allowed us to estimate differential impacts of neighborhood environment on children’s body mass index z-scores by race/ethnicity using novel methods and a rich data source. We geocoded pediatric electronic medical record data from a predominantly Latinx sample and characterized neighborhoods into unique residential contexts using latent profile modeling techniques. We estimated multilevel linear regression models that adjust for …

The Impact Of Family Support And Rejection On Suicide Ideation And Attempt Among Transgender Adults In The U.S., Guadalupe Marquez-Velarde, Gabe H. Miller, Jesse Ezra Shircliff, Mario Itzel Suárez

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

We evaluate the association of familial factors and suicidality among transgender adults in the U.S. by estimating the odds of lifetime suicide ideation and attempt using the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey. Predictors include family support, family rejection, and specific experiences related to both. About 79% of sample respondents have experienced suicidal ideation and nearly 43% have made a suicide attempt. The predicted probability of suicide attempt is 0.35 for those with no family rejection experiences, 0.75 for those who have had all five experiences in our models. Rejection predicts both outcomes and experiences of rejection have a cumulative impact.

Interaction Analysis Of Ancestry-Enriched Variants With Apoe-Ɛ4 On Mci In The Study Of Latinos-Investigation Of Neurocognitive Aging, Einat Granot-Hershkovitz, Rui Xia, Yunju Yang, Brian Spitzer, Wassim Tarraf, Priscilla M Vásquez, Richard B Lipton, Martha Daviglus, Maria Argos, Jianwen Cai, Robert Kaplan, Myriam Fornage, Charles Decarli, Hector M Gonzalez, Tamar Sofer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

APOE-ɛ4 risk on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) differs between race/ethnic groups, presumably due to ancestral genomic background surrounding the APOE locus. We studied whether African and Amerindian ancestry-enriched genetic variants in the APOE region modify the effect of the APOE-ɛ4 alleles on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Hispanics/Latinos. We defined African and Amerindian ancestry-enriched variants as those common in one Hispanic/Latino parental ancestry and rare in the other two. We identified such variants in the APOE region with a predicted moderate impact based on the SnpEff tool. We tested their interaction with APOE-ɛ4 on MCI in …

Supportive Program Strengths And Gaps For New Hampshire Families: "Just Enough Money To Barely Pay For Most Things", Sarah Boege, Jess Carson

Carsey Publications

In this brief, authors Sarah Boege and Jess Carson describe child and family program use and gaps among respondents to the 2022 New Hampshire Preschool Development Grant Family Needs Assessment Survey. Parents with children under age nine were asked about programs to help meet family food needs and to support child development and education. The authors find that nearly half of parent respondents used at least one of the programs in question, with the National School Lunch Program having the widest reach. Responding parents were generally familiar with food assistance programs, but less familiar with child development and education programs. …

The Relationship Between Religion, Substance Misuse, And Mental Health Among Black Youth, Dexter R. Voisin

Faculty Scholarship

Studies suggest that religion is a protective factor for substance misuse and mental health concerns among Black/African American youth despite reported declines in their religious involvement. However, few studies have investigated the associations among religion, substance misuse, and mental health among Black youth. Informed by Critical Race Theory, we evaluated the correlations between gender, depression, substance misuse, and unprotected sex on mental health. Using multiple linear regression, we assessed self-reported measures of drug use and sex, condom use, belief in God, and religiosity on mental health among a sample of Black youth (N = 638) living in a large midwestern …

New Hampshire Parents Use Child Care But Seek More Options, Jess Carson, Sarah Boege

Carsey Publications

In this brief, authors Jess Carson and Sarah Boege describe child care use and gaps among respondents to the 2022 New Hampshire Preschool Development Grant Family Needs Assessment Survey. The authors report that three-quarters of responding parents with children under age five had searched for child care in the past 12 months; half reported that their search was difficult, with a lack of openings as the main challenge. Despite these difficulties, three-quarters of respondents with young children reported using some form of regular child care. However, four out of five parents who used care rated their child care arrangement as …

Adult Asthma Associated With Roadway Density And Housing In Rural Appalachia: The Mountain Air Project (Map)., W Jay Christian, John Flunker, Beverly May, Susan Westneat, Wayne T Sanderson, Nancy Schoenberg, Steven R Browning

UK CARES Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Appalachian Kentucky is a rural area with a high prevalence of asthma among adults. The relative contribution of environmental exposures in the etiology of adult asthma in these populations has been understudied.

OBJECTIVE: This manuscript describes the aims, study design, methods, and characteristics of participants for the Mountain Air Project (MAP), and focuses on associations between small area environmental exposures, including roadways and mining operations, and lifetime and current asthma in adults.

METHODS: A cohort of residents, aged 21 and older, in two Kentucky counties, was enrolled in a community-based, cross-sectional study. Stratified cluster sampling was used to select …

Physiotherapists’ Work In Public Perception, Andrzej Lewandowski, Jadwiga Sarwinska, Zuzanna Piekorz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine basic physical traits of physiotherapists and indicators of their occupation according to social expectations. Material and Methods: 2121 people of different sex, age and education participated in the study. The preferences were categorized by sex and the education level. The test for equality of two percentage structures based on statistics ‘Z’ and the test for equality of proportions based on Fisher-Snedecor’s test were implemented. Results: The preferences for the physical traits are consistent with those commonly expected, and the high level of fitness is expected in the context of significant psychological …

Development And Sociology In The Philippines: Focusing On The Inclusive And Exclusive Development, Leslie Advincula-Lopez, Mai Yoshida

Development Studies Faculty Publications

This paper examines the relationship between development and sociological research in the Philippines. Development is an invariably important issue in Philippine sociology. Philippine sociology was established in the context of postwar reconstruction and modernization policies under the leadership of sociologists trained in the United States. In this historical and political context; sociologists put effort into practical case studies by focusing on the lives of rural and urban residents. Sociological analysis plays an essential role in national development planning. The Filipino word for “development” is pag-unlad, meaning to advance or develop. It includes “social development,” or eliminating social and political disparities …

Sustainable Small House Project, Mollie Jo George

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

The Sustainable Small House Project was developed in cooperation with UNO/UNL Engineering, UNO Gerontology, and Metro Community College. This project merges both sustainable living with the small house movement to promote aging-in-place for older adults. This presentation describes the journey of Dr. Bing Chen as he envisioned the Sustainable Small House Project to its development and finally to implementation at its current location--west of Baxter Arena or adjacent to the UNO ballfield.

From a gerontological lens, the project focuses on principles of universal design which allows for aging-in-place, fall-detection and prevention using smart technologies such as Nobi, and voice-activated technologies …

Exploring Deprivation Experiences Among Senior Citizens: A Strategic Gender Needs Analysis Framework In Davao City, Gene Anthony S. Salazar

Social Sciences and Development Review

This study is aimed at developing a strategic gender needs framework for the senior citizens in Davao City. The study used a convergence-parallel mixed methods design and a snowball sampling technique. As part of the quantitative study, a survey questionnaire consisting of 20 items was used to collect data from the 20 senior citizen participants. On the other hand, a qualitative study was also facilitated through the key informant interviews of two elders. The location of the data gathering is in Davao City. The mean and t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. Also, data triangulation was utilized …

Politika Sa Mga Obra Ng Pantas Ng Pelikulang Pilipino: Ang Mga Ideolohiyang Politikal Sa Mga Pelikula Ni Ishmael Bernal (Politics In The Works Of The Genius Of Philippine Cinema: The Political Ideologies In The Films Of Ishmael Bernal), Lois Mauri Anne L. Liwanag, Von Griel S. Capague, Marie Frances Therese Ds. Luglug

Social Sciences and Development Review

The main purpose of this paper is to identify the political ideologies in five films of Ishmael Bernal: Manila by Night “City After Dark” (1980); Himala (1982); Broken Marriage (1983); Hinugot sa Langit (1985); and Pahiram ng Isang Umaga (1989). The basis of the selection of these films are the nominations and awards they received specifically from the Gawad Urian Awards which gave them either the Best Film of the Decade or the Best Picture award. As its hermeneutical lens, this paper utilized the two-dimensional ideological spectrum of the German theorist Hans Slomp, modified by F.P.A. Demeterio in his book …

Relationship Between The Youth’S Perspectives On Suicide And Their Suicide-Related Experiences, Mark Anthony M. Quintos

Social Sciences and Development Review

This study sought to determine if there is a relationship between the suicide experiences of the youth (no prior suicide experience, experience of suicide ideation but not attempts, and experience of suicide attempts) and their perspectives on suicide. Undergraduate university students (n=308) were engaged as participants in the study. Data were obtained through a survey questionnaire and were analyzed through correlational tests. Findings showed a very salient divide in the perspectives about suicide between those with no prior suicide experience and those with experience of suicide attempts. The former tend to have very conservative views on suicide to the point …

Communicative Behavior In Sharing Covid-19 Safety Health Protocols: The Filipino Mothers’ Experience, Nikko B. Visperas

Social Sciences and Development Review

This study explored the communicative behavior of Filipino mothers in sharing COVID-19 precautions with the members of their respective households. The objectives of this study are also presented in this paper highlighting the process of information sharing, through individuals’ behavior, to their family members. This study utilized qualitative research design through focus interviews anchoring on the concept of Grounded Theory. The informants of this study were selected through a convenience sampling approach – these are five mothers based in Quezon City, Philippines. The study revealed themes highlighting the significance of Barangay Communication in acquiring information; the practice of Personal Hygiene …

Perceptions And Behaviors Of Ba Sociology Students Related To Their Experiences In Doing A Thesis Study, Mark Anthony M. Quintos, Minami O. Iwayama

Social Sciences and Development Review

By virtue of the Philippines’ Commission on Higher Education’s (CHED) Memorandum No. 40, Series of 2017, Directed Research – or more commonly known as the thesis study – has become a requirement for all students of Bachelor of Arts in Sociology programs in the country. This study recognizes that the thesis requirement is often a difficult endeavor for students and sought to look into the thesis-related experiences of students of the discipline now that it has become mandatory. Graduates of a BA Sociology program from a university in Metro Manila during two academic years (A.Y. 2021-2022 and A.Y. 2022-2023) were …

Ka[Likha]San: Sining At Kalikasan Sa Mga Likha Ni Junyee (Ka[Likha]San: Art And Nature In Junyee's Creations), Leonardo R. Dela Cruz, Carmelo T. Osorio Jr., Jeniel P. Dasig

Social Sciences and Development Review

This paper is a qualitative study focusing on some of Junyee’s featured installation art. Study put emphasis on the value of materials from nature and the environment in the creation of art (installation art) and nature as a space for environmental education. Including how nature as an organic material (such as bamboo, leaves, tree branches, etc.) in the creation of art, has a natural meaning in discussing nature as a social issue. It also presented perspective against the stand of using western materials, such as oleo, paint on canvas. Adding to this, the study highlighted the significance of how nature …

On The State Of Academic Journals And The Value Of Jnams, Michael E. Dobbs

Journal of the North American Management Society

No abstract provided.

Children In Economically Disadvantaged Households Have Lower Early Literacy Skills Than Their Higher-Income Peers, Michah W. Rothbart, Colleen Heflin, Gabriella Alphonso

Center for Policy Research

Literacy is critical for numerous developmental outcomes and wellbeing among children. Low literacy skills in childhood can also negatively affect individuals in adulthood. Using data from nearly 300,000 kindergarten students in Virginia (2014-2017), this study finds that children in households that participate in more than one social assistance program (such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and Free or Reduced-Price Lunch) have lower literacy skills when they enter kindergarten than children whose households participate in fewer or no social programs.

Which Demographic Groups And Which Places Have The Highest Drug Overdose Rates In The U.S.?, Shannon M. Monnat

Population Health Research Brief Series

Although the drug overdose crisis has affected all demographic groups and places in the United States, overdose rates are much higher in some sub-populations and places than others. This brief describes demographic and geographic differences in fatal drug overdose rates from 1999-2020. Throughout most of this period, fatal drug overdose rates were highest among young and middle-aged adult White and Native American males and middle-aged and older Black males. Rates have been consistently highest in Appalachia, but in recent years have spread throughout several regions in urban and rural areas alike. Although opioids have been the main contributor, cocaine- and …

The Opioid Epidemic Has Disrupted Children’S Living Arrangements, Mónica L. Caudillo, Andres Villarreal, Philip N. Cohen

Population Health Research Brief Series

The contemporary drug overdose crisis has had profound impacts on children and families in the United States. This brief summarizes how children’s living arrangements have changed during the opioid epidemic. The authors find that opioid overdose deaths are associated with decreasing shares of children living with two married parents and increases in shares of children living with unmarried but cohabiting parents, single fathers, and adults other than their parents. These changes have been most pronounced among White children.

U.S. Counties With Higher Drug Overdose Rates Have Lower School Test Scores, Rajeev Darolia, Sam Owens, John Tyler

Population Health Research Brief Series

The impacts of the contemporary U.S. drug overdose crisis on child and family wellbeing have been profound. This brief describes the link between county-level opioid overdose rates and children’s test scores, finding that counties with higher overdose rates have lower average 3^rd and 8th-grade test scores than counties with lower overdose rates. The relationship between higher overdose rates and lower test scores is particularly strong in rural counties. The places with the highest overdose rates and lowest test scores tend to be economically-disadvantaged, suggesting that economic investments may be needed to address the issue.

Counties With Higher Prescription Opioid Presence Have Slower Student Learning Rates, Jessica Drescher, Carrie Townley-Flores

Population Health Research Brief Series

The adverse impacts of the U.S. opioid crisis have been documented in many domains, but surprisingly little attention has been directed to understanding how the opioid crisis has affected children’s educational outcomes. This brief shows that students in counties with high levels of opioid prescribing are learning more slowly over time than their peers in counties with low levels of opioid prescribing. In addition to directing more support to schools, the authors advocate for policies that address the underlying social conditions that lead to prescription opioid misuse.

Over Two-Thirds Of Opioid Overdose Victims In Canada Were Employed Before They Died, Alexander Cheung, Joseph Marchand, Patricia Mark

Population Health Research Brief Series

As in the United States, drug overdose is the leading cause of unnatural death in Canada, with most overdoses involving opioids. The authors of this brief quantify the lost labor productivity from opioid overdoses in Canada. They show that from 2016 to 2019, over two-thirds of opioid overdose victims were working and contributing to the economy before they died, with those employed in construction, trades, and transportation having the highest opioid overdose rates. The authors argue that destigmatizing drug use, ensuring a safe supply, and improving access to medical care and take-home Naloxone kits are critical for reducing overdose deaths.

The Art Of Not Being Freshened: The Everyday Politics Of Infrastructure In The Mekong Delta, Timothy Gorman

Department of Sociology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

With the growing threat of climate change, states are increasingly turning to large-scale infrastructure projects in order to control environmental conditions, especially in coastal areas. These projects are often planned and implemented in a centralized, top-down manner and sometimes fail to achieve their stated objectives in the face of “everyday resistance” from local residents and farmers. This study draws on interviews and secondary research to examine the contentious everyday politics of infrastructure in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, focusing specifically on how small-scale, surreptitious acts of “counter-infrastructuring” on the part of farmers, such as the construction of illicit wells …

The Current Youth Sport Culture And Its Impact On Sport Participation Experiences Of Low Socioeconomic Status Families, Mayrena I. Hernandez, Elena C. Miller, Laura A. Prieto, Luis Columna, Kevin M. Biese, David R. Bell

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The rise of sport specialization can jeopardize the opportunities for families of low socioeconomic status (SES) to participate in organized sport. However, obtaining an athletic scholarship may be a motivating factor for low SES youth to sport specialize. Yet, the experiences of low SES athletes in sport participation are not well known. Method: We used an Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore experiences of low SES families with children participating in sport and how this may be impacted by the current youth sport culture that promotes sport specialization. We engaged in semi-structured interviews with 12 low SES parents. Results: …

Book Discussion - Elections, Violence And Transitional Justice In Africa, Elias Opongo, Tim Murithi

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Teenage Pregnancy In Sierra Leone: Evidence From A Nationally Representative Demographic And Health Survey Of 2019, Lilian Nuwabaine, Quraish Sserwanja, Kassim Kamara, Milton W. Musaba

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Globally, teenage pregnancy remains a public health concern because of the associated maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. To address the extensive social, political and economic effects of teenage pregnancy, there is a need for current epidemiological evidence on its prevalence and associated factors, especially from low-resource settings where the burden is highest.

Methods: We used data from the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (SLDH), which included 3,427 female adolescents. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants. Teenage pregnancy was defined as those who had ever either had a child, or terminated a pregnancy, …