Sociology Commons^™

Trends In Poverty Rates Among Latinos In New York City And The United States, 1990 - 2011, Justine Calcagno

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This study examines demographic and socioeconomic factors regarding Latinos in New York City and the United States between 1990 and 2011 – particularly poverty rates.

Methods: Data on Latinos and other racial/ethnic groups were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, reorganized for public use by the Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, IPUMSusa. Cases in the dataset were weighted and analyzed to produce population estimates.

Results: The analyzed data indicate that the poverty rate among the national population over the last two decades increased. However, there were nuanced and complex trends within both New York City …

Prenatal Development: Annotated Bibliography, Victoria J. Molfese, Amanda Prokasky, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Ibrahim H. Acar, Xiaoqing Tu, Kate Sirota, Brian Keiser

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

For decades, researchers have investigated how events in the prenatal period impact women and their infants. These studies, particularly by researchers in the medical, neuroscience, and behavioral science fields, led to discoveries of important information regarding the prenatal events that were strongly associated with mortality (or death) and morbidity (or incidences of injury, pathology and abnormalities/anomalies, and neurobehavioral sequelae) in the neonatal and infancy periods. Among the many common findings from early research studies, two are particularly noteworthy. First, maternal and fetal risk conditions arising in the prenatal period do not do so in isolation. Sameroff and Chandler characterized this …

Sex Trafficking Cases Involving Minors., Kimberly J. Mitchell, David Finkelhor, Janis Wolak

Crimes Against Children Research Center

This bulletin summarizes findings from the National Juvenile Prostitution Study (N‐JPS). It describes the prevalence and types of sex trafficking cases that ended in arrests or detentions by U.S. law enforcement agencies in 2005 and explores the characteristics of youth involved in sex trafficking, the characteristics of the cases themselves, and how police view these juveniles—as victims or as delinquents. The bulletin also covers policy and practice implica‐ tions and recommends several next steps for advancing the handling of these cases. Some findings include the fol‐ lowing: • There were an estimated 1,450 arrests and detentions for sex trafficking crimes …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Inequality In The Digital Environment, Roderick Graham

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

The purpose of this special issue is to explore social inequalities in the digital environment. The motivation for this issue is derived from the disproportionate focus on technological and economic aspects of the Information Society to the detriment of sociological and cultural aspects. The research presented here falls along three dimensions of inequality. Two papers explore the ways that race orders interaction online. A second pair of papers explores the experiences of technology users with physical and mental disabilities. A final paper looks at gender, and the higher rates of intimate partner violence experienced by women online. Taken as a …

Mate Preferences Do Predict Attraction And Choices In The Early Stages Of Mate Selection, Norman P. Li, Jose C. Yong, William Tov, Oliver Sng, Garth J. O. Fletcher, Katherine A. Valentine, Yun F. Jiang, Daniel Balliet

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Although mate preference research has firmly established that men value physical attractiveness more than women do and women value social status more than men do, recent speed-dating studies have indicated mixed evidence (at best) for whether people’s sex-differentiated mate preferences predict actual mate choices. According to an evolutionary, mate preference priority model (Li, Bailey, Kenrick, & Linsenmeier, 2002; Li & KENRICK, 2006; Li, Valentine, & Patel, 2011), the sexes are largely similar in what they ideally like, but for long-term mates, they should differ on what they most want to avoid in early selection contexts. Following this model, we conducted …

Saint Patrick's Way: A North-South Camino, Anto Kerins

Reports / Surveys

The Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport, Leo Varadkar, TD, has set up a review of tourism policy and requested submissions from stakeholders (see Appendix 1 and 2). This submission proposes that the government should encourage the planning, design and development of a North-South Saint Patrick Way pilgrim walk, similar to the Camino in Spain, in partnership with the relevant Northern Ireland authorities. This development will make an important impact in economic and tourism terms, but also in other ways. The submission outlines the relationship between tourism and pilgrimage and discusses the international ‘gold standard’ of pilgrim walks, the Camino …

The Tornado Warning Process: A Review Of Current Research, Challenges, And Opportunities, Jerry Brotzge, William Donner

Sociology Faculty Publications

With the unusually violent tornado season of 2011, there has been a renewed national interest, through such programs as NOAA's Weather Ready Nation initiative, to reevaluate and improve our tornado warning process. This literature review provides an interdisciplinary, end-to-end examination of the tornado warning process. Following the steps outlined by the Integrated Warning System, current research in tornado prediction and detection, the warning decision process, warning dissemination, and public response are reviewed, and some of the major challenges for improving each stage are highlighted. The progress and challenges in multi-day to short-term tornado prediction are discussed, followed by an examination …

Every Other Day, Sarah M. Connelly

SURGE

There is a problem on our campus—a problem of sexual assault and its perpetuation due to unnecessary silence. Current compulsory education on the topic through AlcoholEdu and First-Year Orientation are often turned into jokes because of course everyone knows not to rape and not to put yourself in a dangerous situation. The concept doesn’t seem real until a Campus Safety Alert reports that one of our students has been sexually assaulted. But even then, we get those so infrequently that it couldn’t be that much of an issue, right? [excerpt]

Dear Mama: An Open Letter From A Prodigal Son, Mauricio E. Novoa

SURGE

Dear Mama,

This may seem a bit unconventional, and it may be a bit difficult to understand (both why I did this and the words I’m writing), but I guess the time came where I had to get some things off of my mind. I’m in my last year of college, and by this time next year, 7 days after my 22nd birthday, I may no longer be in your household, under your guidance and protection, eating your pupusas and pan con frijoles, or having to beg you for money. I also won’t be disregarding your requests to clean the …

Prospective Elementary Teachers’ Views On Their Teachers And Their Effectiveness, Mehmet Karakas

The Qualitative Report

In this paper future elementary teachers reflect on their past experiences and talk about their teachers and the way they were taught, and portray the characteristics of effective and not so effective teachers. The study also highlights Turkish teachers` way of instruction and the strategies they use. Participants were 41 sophomore and 62 junior prospective elementary teachers enrolled in a small university in northeastern Turkey. Data were collected using mostly the document analysis techniques. Findings show that effective teachers are caring, loving, funny, and patient, show special in and out of class interest in students, and are fair to everyone. …

Experiencing Audio Recorded Research (Earr): Giving Voice To Qualitative Poster Presentations, Rasheeta Chandler, Erica H. Antsey, Cindy L. Munro, Dianne Morrison-Beedy

The Qualitative Report

Qualitative research emphasizes and honors the words of participants in an effort to generate meaning and knowledge, yet participants’ voices are rarely heard beyond data collection and analysis. We explore the potential to share participants' voices when disseminating research through audio - enhanced poster presentations. Technological advancements in multimedia could revolutionize poster presentations, especially for qualitative research. We describe the history of audio guides and how they can be applied to the dissemination of qualitative research. We also introduce the Experiencing Audio Recorded Research (EARR) Model to facilitate designing a multisensory approach to qualitative data dissemination through integrating audio technology …

Calibrating The Human Instrument: Understanding The Interviewing Experience Of Novice Qualitative Researchers, Margarita S. Peredaryenko, Steven Eric Krauss

The Qualitative Report

Scientific instruments often undergo calibration to ensure that they will produce results that meet or exceed defined criteria within a specified degree of confidence. Such calibration almost always refers to mechanical instruments, those used primarily in the physical sciences. Rarely is the notion of calibration used in relation to the social and human sciences, especially in the context of qualitative research where the human being is the main research instrument. The focus of this study was to explore the experiences of novice human instruments undergoing a process similar to that of calibration. In doing so, we studied how novice qualitative …

"Fighting Against Ourselves, Why History Continues To Repeat Itself?", Rysheema J. Dixon

Capstone Collection

My capstone will focus on how self-mobilization among Blacks and Indians can affect change in the United States and India to build a stronger sense of community and improve their rights to education. This paper outlines multiple approaches to fighting against oppressors, combating ethnic to ethnic conflicts and obtaining educational rights. Many cultures have difficulty teaching and learning from one another and it inhibits them from fighting for their rights as citizens. Indians in India and Black Americans have similar background stories in reference to slavery and the caste system but live in two different realities. Identity also plays an …

Culture Clash: Symbolic Capital And The Limits To Open Access Journal Growth In The Humanities And Social Sciences, David Michalski

SJSU Open Access Conference

Each year brings more open access peer-review journals to the humanities and social sciences. Yet despite this proliferation, for-profit publishers continue to dominate, and hold the most prestigious journals in their portfolios, pushing the tipping point imagined by open access advocates seemingly out of reach. This project examines the social life of academic publishing to better understand the obstacles preventing a more robust turn to open access, one that does not simply mean more journals, but one that sees the more prestigious journals opting for an open access platform.

Drawing on the work of cultural sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu, I examine …

The Participation Of Women In Education In El Salvador, Amber Nicole Jensen, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A low level of education, especially among women, is a basic characteristic of all developing countries. Research indicates that in third-world countries, “women remain under-represented at all levels of education relative to men. Fewer females than males enter educational programs…; fewer receive technical and vocational training; and women account for a very small proportion of enrollment in postsecondary education” (Kelly 1). A key factor inhibiting women’s education in developing countries is lack of participation. Nelly Stromquist identifies “economic conditions of the household, cultural and religious values, parental aspirations for children’s education, [and] distance to school” as determinants of educational participation. …

Summary Of Sociological Aspects Of Japan’S Religious Rebirth, Gregory Wilkinson, Dr. Don Sull Choi

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The research conducted for this research grant was motivated by one incident. Mainly, the Tokyo subway bombing of March, 1995 conducted by the religious sect Aum Shinrikyo.1 This religious event was such an anomaly in Japan’s usually tranquil situation. The research hypothesis delved into what social causes could be connected to this significant event.

Do You Have A Boyfriend Yet?, Corrine E. Fucci

SURGE

“Do you have a boyfriend yet?”

That was the question that haunted me for most of my teenage years, the one I knew I would be asked at each family event and have to answer as nonchalantly as I could, “No, not yet,” without letting anyone know how embarrassed I felt. The feelings of anguish and anxiety continued in games of “Never Have I Ever,” going around the table with a group of less-than-close girlfriends sharing some of our first or best romantic experiences, so grateful that I had those one or two experiences that “kind of counted but maybe …

The Rattler (Volume 101, Issue 9, Edition 1), St. Mary's University

The Rattler (Previous issues)

Founded in 1919, The Rattler is the student voice of St. Mary’s University in San Antonio, Texas. The newspaper documents campus life, academic and social issues, student opinion, and local and national events as they relate to the University community. Content typically includes news articles, editorial commentary, arts and culture coverage, sports reporting, and advertisements.

From High School Jocks To College Grads: Assessing The Long-Term Effects Of High School Sport Participation On Females’ Educational Attainment, Kelly Troutman, Dr. Mikaela Dufur

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Sports’ connection to education is readily apparent in American society. The presumption adopted in the late 1800s that sports serve to build character led to their integration into the education system. Today virtually every high school is engaged in interscholastic sport competition (Eitzen and Sage, 1986). The increased prevalence of sport in American society, and specifically school settings, has led to various inquiries as to the effects of participation in sports. The majority of studies centered on high school athletes have demonstrated that participants in interscholastic sport enjoy various positive benefits related to academic success (Fejgin 1994; Eccles and Barber …

Maternal Employment And Offspring Deviance, Stephanie A. Williamson, Dr. Bruce Chadwick

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A brief observation of national trends reveals a steady increase in the rate of employment among women. Predictably, this demographic change introduces countless contemporary issues. The issue examined by this study was the link between maternal employment and deviant behavior among children.

Eating Disorders Among Female High School Athletes: The Questionable Effect Of Self-Esteem, Janet Shumway, Dr. Mikaela Dufur

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Millions of people in the United States suffer from serious and sometimes life-threatening eating disorders, such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa. More than 90 percent of those afflicted are young women. Researchers have studied eating disorders and the various factors leading to these behaviors, and a vast majority of these studies have indicated that self-esteem is a central factor in the development of bulimia and anorexia nervosa. Some studies indicate that selfesteem is the most important factor in the prediction of disordered eating. 1 Thus, adolescent women with low self-esteem are more inclined to develop eating disorder behaviors.

Conformity To Masculine Norms And Intellectual Engagement, Heath Marrs

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Research on the relationship between masculinity and intellectual engagement may be helpful in exploring the current challenges of male students in academic settings. Although the traditional male role in Western societies has often included notions of winning, competitiveness, and achievement, there is a growing research literature that documents male struggles with achievement, particularly in academic, intellectual, and occupational domains (Morris, 2011; Rosin, 2010; Sax, 2008a, b). In this study, the relationships between conformity to masculine norms and intellectual engagement were explored in a sample of diverse men in the United States. It was predicted that men who more strongly conformed …

Alive In The Reading: Nayaran And Chekhov, Laurie Ecke

The Qualitative Report

Kirin Nayaran's Alive in the Writing: Crafting Ethnography in the Company of Chekhov is a five - section book about finding "company amid the often isolating and difficult aspects of writing" (p. xiii). As an English Literature major, I recall the basic tenets of story - writing: plot, setting, and characterization. Narayan's chapters offer a kinder entry. "Story and Theory" invoke Anton Chekhov as an ethnographic companion offering expertise about the essentials of writing a good story. "Place," "Person," and "Voice" take the innocent writer further in to the power of writing, until "Self" provides a denouement of sorts, when …

Bobby Fischer In Socio-Cultural Perspective: Application Of Hiller’S (2011) Multi-Layered Chronological Chart Methodology, Jospeh G. Ponterotto, Jason D. Reynolds

The Qualitative Report

This article presents a case study application of Hiller’s (2011) Multi - Layered Chronological Chart (MLCC) methodology to the life story of former World Chess Champion Bobby Fischer. Designed for use in qualitative biographical studies, the MLCC is adapted here for psychobiographical research. In 1972, Fischer became an American Cold War hero as he wrestled the World Chess Championship from a half century of Soviet domination. His rapid rise to world fame was followed by infamy as Fischer abandoned competitive chess, grew increasingly Anti - Semitic and Anti - American, became a fugitive from U.S. justice, and died in relative …

Using I Poems To Hear The Voices And Understand The Actions Of Edd Students Conducting Action Research, Ron Zambo, Debby Zambo

The Qualitative Report

There is a movement to redefine and refocus the Educational Doctorate to improve its effectiveness in producing scholarly practitioners, that is, individuals who have the ability to blend their practical wisdom and professional knowledge to identify, frame , and solve the problems of practice they face. The EdD at Arizona State University has chosen action research as its signature pedagogy to help students develop the habits of the mind, hands and heart they need to be effective leaders. This paper describes the program and provides six I Poems developed from dissertation proposals. I Poems helped us come closer to each …

Victimization Experiences And Adolescent Substance Use: Does The Type And Degree Of Victimization Matter?, Gillian M. Pichevsky, Abigail A. Fagan, Emily M. Wright

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Evidence indicates an association between victimization and adolescent substance use, but the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. Some research focuses solely on the consequences of experiencing indirect victimization (e.g., witnessing violence), others examine direct victimization (e.g., being personally victimized), and still others combine both forms of victimization without assessing the relative impact of each on substance use. Furthermore, many of these studies only assess these relationships in the short-term using cross-sectional data. This study uses data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) to explore the impact of experiencing only indirect victimization, only direct victimization, …

2012 Census Estimates!, Michael D. Gillespie Ph.D.

Coles County Poverty Data Project

No abstract provided.

Fearless: Adrienne Ellis, Adrienne M. Ellis

SURGE

Taking the initiative to change college policies related to LGBTQ issues, restructuring a sustainable community garden in Gettysburg over the summer, and continually being motivated to change and challenge the powers that be through her love of people, Adrienne Ellis ’14 fearlessly fights for what she believes to help the people she loves— everybody. [excerpt]

Thinking Outside The Box Turtle: Public Perceptions Of An Imperiled Species, Colleen M. Hartel, Stuart Carlton, Linda S. Prokopy

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) experience negative impacts from human activities. Collection for the pet trade or mortalities caused by lawn mowers and vehicles are detrimental to populations, which have experienced rapid decline in Indiana. Understanding perceptions and attitudes held about species can help outreach. This study aims to observe how perceptions and fear response differ between a) genders, b) contact with box turtles, and c) conservation group membership. Mail surveys were administered to 1,378 residents of the Blue River Watershed in Southern Indiana. Respondents rated box turtles on 11 semantic differential pairs and reported their agreement …

An Invitation To Debate: Envisioning An Africa-Centered Perspective, Engaging Sociological Endeavor, Nikitah O. Imani

Black Studies Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

Presented at the 2013 James Madison University Africana Studies Conference October 18, 2013