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Articles 4441 - 4470 of 4526

Full-Text Articles in Social Policy

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1980, Lucille Vinyard Jan 1980

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1980, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

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Toward The Democratization Of The Social Policy Process, L. K. Northwood Jan 1980

Toward The Democratization Of The Social Policy Process, L. K. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the nature of social policies and the public policymaking process. It is demonstrated that public social policies tend to accrue an aura or ideology of benevolence that is only partially warranted, and that may be quite misleading to policy analysts and citizenry. The major thrust of the paper is to consider the social policy process as a strategy for public decision-making. As such, properly organized, it can provide an alternative and complementary strategy to electoral politics and protest movements. To be effective as a strategy, three major barriers must be overcome: …

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Ddasaccident074, Hd-Aid Nov 1979

Ddasaccident074, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

On the day of the accident the victim was inspecting one of four demining teams when it started to rain. He was aware that their explosives store was not properly covered, so he looked around for something suitable to serve as a tarpaulin. He saw some material and picked it up, turning as he did so. His foot detonated an unidentified anti-personnel mine that was partially under his left foot. He was not wearing any protective clothing. The photograph below shows him reproducing the position he was in at the time.

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The Soco-Legal History Of Child Abuse And Neglect: An Analysis Of The Policy Of Children's Rights, Diana M. Richett, James R. Hudson Nov 1979

The Soco-Legal History Of Child Abuse And Neglect: An Analysis Of The Policy Of Children's Rights, Diana M. Richett, James R. Hudson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The focus of this paper is on the two major axes that have influenced the course of child welfare policy. One upholds corporal punishment as the predominant method of child rearing, that is, "Spare the rod, spoil the child." The other defines the status of the child as property of "loving" parents. Because of these two conceptions, the authors maintain that reliance on parental benevolence or the "benevolent intrusion" of the state will not suffice to protect the child's best interests. On the contrary, the examination of the socio-legal history of child abuse and neglect highlights the authors' warning that …

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Social Services In The Iron Cage, James Latimore Nov 1979

Social Services In The Iron Cage, James Latimore

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Interview and documentary data from a study of a voluntary job placement agency revealed that counselors were effectively weeding out the hard-to-place clients. These clients were the target population of the agency and its funded programs. The clients who were weeded out tended to be younger, with less education and less work experience. Weeding out was accomplished by discouraging unrealistic clients, and by not retrieving clients who were insufficiently motivated to keep in touch with the counselor. This marked a change in the counselors' practice compared with an earlier period, and appeared to be in conflict with the agency's mission, …

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Planning For A National Social Policy For The Family, John T. Pardeck Nov 1979

Planning For A National Social Policy For The Family, John T. Pardeck

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The American family performs two important functions for family members - providing physical care and socialization, and meeting psychological needs. Current family trends suggest that the American family may be having difficulty in carrying out these basic functions. Since the United States lacks a comprehensive family policy, it is argued that a national social policy should be created to better support the American family. A social policy is presented which would assist the American family in performing its basic functions. A suggested strategy for implementation of this family social policy has also been developed.

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Social Choice And Policy Formulation: Problems And Considerations In The Construction Of The Public Interest, Irv Berkowitz Jun 1979

Social Choice And Policy Formulation: Problems And Considerations In The Construction Of The Public Interest, Irv Berkowitz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The need for and adoption of certain social policies for the nation are frequently rationalized by their advocates as being in the public interest. Often, though, the interest of the many merely disguises the special interests and wants of the few. It is obvious that the social choices made in the policy process only rarely benefit the interests of all without being adversely consequential to some. This paper argues that the problem of social choice in the conflictual process of policy making is as much a conceptual dilemma as a practical political or economic one. A major source of this …

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The Social Policy Of Denial: Unemployment In Israel, Harris Chaiklin May 1979

The Social Policy Of Denial: Unemployment In Israel, Harris Chaiklin

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

When reality does not match the dream nations tend to suffer. In Israel unemployment compromises social democratic ideals. The country oscillates between bombast and despair. Official data is not trusted. Those who leave Russia on Israeli visas and do not come are "dropouts." Those who leave Israel for other countries are "yordim." Those who go to work every day when there is nothing to do are draining the nation with "hidden unemployment." These are terms of derision. Some of the difficulty with unemployment data and understanding Israeli response to the problem may be for security reasons. Israelis have lived in …

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Natural Language Processing And Computer Use In Social Work, Roger A. Lohmann, Jay Wolvovsky Feb 1979

Natural Language Processing And Computer Use In Social Work, Roger A. Lohmann, Jay Wolvovsky

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Can computers do social work? Can social workers do computers? This article seeks to outline a text-oriented approach to answering these questions through an approach labeled Natural Language Processing.

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Lucille Vinyard Journal 1979, Lucille Vinyard Jan 1979

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1979, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

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Geronomie And Social Policy, Roger A. Lohmann Jan 1979

Geronomie And Social Policy, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Does qualitative sociology have anything positive to offer those who seek personally and professionally adequate resolutions of the troubles and social problems of old age? The purpose of this review essay is to examine a sampling of recent books published in social gerontology with regard to: 1) formulations of the problems of geranomie - rolelessness, loneliness, social isolation, etc.; and 2) general solutions to these problems.

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Policy Analysis And Older People: A Conceptual Framework, John E. Tropman, Jane Mcclure Nov 1978

Policy Analysis And Older People: A Conceptual Framework, John E. Tropman, Jane Mcclure

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The policy sciences, says Harold Lasswell, require "clarification of goals, analysis of conditions, project of future developments, and invention, evaluation, and selection of alternatives."1 This rocess is imbued with values and often these values lie unrecognized.3 Both personal values of the individual analyst and social values of the Society can be and often are involved. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate four policy problems involved in analyses concerning the elderly, and to suggest some additional considerations which would bring these problems into the open and aid in specification and focusing of policy research in this area. While only …

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Ddasaccident072, Hd-Aid Sep 1978

Ddasaccident072, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The minefield consisted of a pattern of Ploughshare fragmentation mines surrounded by three anti-personnel mines. The victim was a sapper, tasked with locating and replacing mines that had been detonated by animals etc. He was using a prodder (approximately 50cm long) to find safe places to stand. His colleagues were about 10m behind him. Having prodded in one particular area, he placed his foot there and stepped on a mine. The victim believed that rainwater had caused the mine to move from its place in the pattern, and that he missed it whilst prodding. No detectors were available at that …

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Symbolic Interaction And Social Planning: Perspectives From The Early Years, Roger A. Lohmann Mar 1978

Symbolic Interaction And Social Planning: Perspectives From The Early Years, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The principal thesis of this paper is that the inadequacies of recent efforts at social planning are essential failures of theory, rather than failures of practice. Economic, land use and social welfare planners it is suggested have all shared a common unwillingness or inability to abandon commitments to an essentially utilitarian rhetoric of reasoned behavior, wherein means are matched with ends, persons are viewed as essentially self-interested and goal-directed rational problem solvers operating on schedules of goal attainment known or predictable by the planners. Symbolic interaction theory has resources to revitalize planning theory. Selected publications by John Dewey, G.H. Mead, …

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Lucille Vinyard Journal 1978, Lucille Vinyard Jan 1978

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1978, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

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Dying And The Social Responsibility Of Institutions, Roger A. Lohmann Nov 1977

Dying And The Social Responsibility Of Institutions, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Contemporary American society has established a comfortable reliance upon a large network of total and quasi-total institutions for dealing with certain life threatening events and socially disruptive conditions As a consequence these institutions have become primary locales for dying. It is the principal argument of this paper that although a large proportion of all deaths now occur in institutions, they are generally harsh and unsympathetic in their handling of dying, and particularly insensitive to the social and psychological needs of surviving significant others in the period immediately following a death. It is suggested that along with accepting the responsibility to …

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Discourse Management: Key To Policy Development, Joseph R. Steiner Sep 1977

Discourse Management: Key To Policy Development, Joseph R. Steiner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Skills in discourse management are necessary in order for democratic policy development groups to be productive. These skills, like other skills, are developed by practicing their utilization. A general cognitive framework, however, can assist one in this development. This paper develops and then describes the use of such a general framework.

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Ddasaccident073, Hd-Aid Jul 1977

Ddasaccident073, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The victim worked as a medic attached to the Engineer Corps. At the scene of the accident there was a store of mines and ordnance for defence of the Zimbabwe border. Enemy troops had taken some of the mines and laid them on the Zimbabwean side. A soldier stepped on a mine and the victim went to the site and treated the casualty. As he and three others were lifting the casualty onto a stretcher, a second mine exploded. The victim believed the mine was beneath the casualty. He was not able to identify the mine as other than an …

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Ddasaccident075, Hd-Aid Jun 1977

Ddasaccident075, Hd-Aid

Global CWD Repository

The victim was breaching the minefield from the Rhodesian side in order to retrieve sensitive equipment left on the other side by the Rhodesian Airforce. He was crouching down using an 18-inch ".303" bayonet to prod the ground in order to find safe places to put his feet. When he was 10-15m inside the minefield he prodded onto a R2M2 mine that exploded. The victim believed that rainwater had caused the mine to flip onto its side at right angles to its normal position.

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Determinants Of Old Age Assistance In The American States, Roger A. Lohmann Jun 1977

Determinants Of Old Age Assistance In The American States, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

A large body of research evidence has accumulated in the past two decades dealing with the question of variations in state-level public expenditures in the United States. Variations among the states in public welfare expenditures are the most outstanding exception with regard to the explanation of state governmental expenditures. This study explores the reasons that public welfare is so unlike other public expenditures, outlines the principal findings of other studies bearing on this question, and reports findings explaining at least part of the observed variations in the expenditure patterns.

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Public Affairs, Community Service And Personal Care: The Three Faces Of Social Work, Roger A. Lohmann Apr 1977

Public Affairs, Community Service And Personal Care: The Three Faces Of Social Work, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper was written for a faculty seminar at the School of Social Work, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where at the time the author was an Assistant Professor. It makes the case that contemporary social work at the time was an uneasy mix of three very different approaches: A public affairs perspective addressing broad social policy issues; a community services perspective extending to agency management, planning and financing; and a personal care perspective built on psychotherapy, social casework and group work. At the time, many schools of social work were struggling with a legacy of strong support for the personal …

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The Individual And The Society: A Needed Reexamination Of Social Legislation And Policy, Ralph Segalman Mar 1977

The Individual And The Society: A Needed Reexamination Of Social Legislation And Policy, Ralph Segalman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The pervasive and often destructive effect of Ill-planned social policy (or the lack of effective social policy) is evident In terms of Increasing societal dysfunctionality and lowered quality of life for most people. Almost all social Interventions involve a variety of rights In conflict. Actions by the government to support or protect any one group must necessarily be at the expense of others. In the defense of the rights of individuals and groups the social objectives and social effects of such interventions have been generally Ignored. The problems of design of social policy derive from one-sided or parochial views of …

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Government Spending And Welfare Employment, Martin D. Lowenthal Mar 1977

Government Spending And Welfare Employment, Martin D. Lowenthal

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

One of the persistent issues which welfare policy makers and analysts confront in western industrial nations, particularly in the United States, is the appropriate relationship between public assistance payments and employment. There is a great deal of debate over whether welfare recipients should work or be required to take jobs and whether the government should emphasize training or placement services or create jobs directly. Relatively little concern and attention have been given to the 'roblem of the number of jobs that are actually available in the private sector for recipients who want to work. Although the federal government will plan …

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Social Policy And War, Paul Adams Mar 1977

Social Policy And War, Paul Adams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In view of the considerable disparity in the effect of World War II on national social policy, it is not surprising that British and American writers have viewed the relationship of war and social policy so differently. While these differences in part reflect the serious neglect of the importance of World War II for American social policy developments, they also reflect real variations of historical experience. I have attempted to develop a framework within which both national experiences can be understood. The framework takes account both of the nature of the war and the demands it makes upon the state …

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Lucille Vinyard Journal 1977, Lucille Vinyard Jan 1977

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1977, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

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Understanding The Health And Social Service Needs Of People Over Age 65, Laurence G. Branch Jan 1977

Understanding The Health And Social Service Needs Of People Over Age 65, Laurence G. Branch

Center for Survey Research Publications

The complexity of the issues involved with providing appropriate health care and social services from the appropriate setting to people over age 65 can hardly be overstated. One of the present debates in the field focuses on the value of institutions as the customary setting for providing health care; the arguments are based on considerations of economic efficiency and the recipient's quality of life. Some of the debators suggest deinstitutionalizing as many of the health care recipients as possible, while simultaneously upgrading the quality and quantity of home based support services. The logic of deinstitutionalization is often buttressed by claims …

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Phenomenological Social Science And Holistic Social Policy, Thomas D. Watts Sep 1976

Phenomenological Social Science And Holistic Social Policy, Thomas D. Watts

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The reliability of positivistic social science knowledge poses seminal problems for social policy. Needed is more sound phenomenological and qualitative research within the conspectus of the twin theoretical movements of ethnomethodology and the Frankfurt School, towards the goal of a more holistic social science knowledge base as well as a more holistic social policy.

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Discourse Management: Key To Policy Development, Joseph R. Steiner Sep 1976

Discourse Management: Key To Policy Development, Joseph R. Steiner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Skills in discourse management are necessary in order for democratic policy development groups to be productive. These skills, like other skills, are developed by practicing their utilization. A general cognitive frnework, however, can assist one in this development. This paper develops and then describes the use of such a general framework.

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Urban-Designed Programs For The Rural Aged: Are They Exportable?, Roger A. Lohmann, Nancy Lohmann Jul 1976

Urban-Designed Programs For The Rural Aged: Are They Exportable?, Roger A. Lohmann, Nancy Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

There are a variety of problems that affect older people in rural areas. In the first part of this paper, we examine four problems affecting the rural aged in particular: health, income, housing and social integration into rural communities. In the second part of the paper, we examine the question of whether programs to deal with these problems that have developed in various cities in the United States can readily be translated into rural communities. The paper concludes with a warning that the urban crisis, largely discovered by human services and other urbanists in the 1960s, is increasingly being expropriated …

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Crime Victims And Public Social Policy, Joe Hudson, Burt Galaway Jul 1976

Crime Victims And Public Social Policy, Joe Hudson, Burt Galaway

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The administration of criminal law has traditionally Ignored the role of the victim and focused on the criminal offender. Increasingly, however, social policy and programs are beginning to take Into consideration the situation of the crime victim. Programs designed to focus on offender restitution to crime victims are being developed and Implemented at various stages of the criminal Justice system. At the same time, programs of state compensation to crime victims are being Implemented in an Increasing number of jurisdictions.

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