Science and Technology Policy Commons^™

Policy Frameworks And Citizens’ Use Of Fintech Solutions: The Pros And Cons In Egypt, Salma Al-Mohamady

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the significant influence of financial technology (FinTech) on the banking industry, consumer finance, and economic growth. It specifically concentrates on the swiftly changing FinTech environment in Egypt. The study investigates the impact of incorporating advanced technologies on worldwide financial practices, which has significantly transformed traditional banking models and facilitated the emergence of inventive financial services. The transition is clearly apparent in Egypt, where the expansion of FinTech has been driven by advances in regulations, adaptation to technology, and a population that is becoming more comfortable with digital solutions.

Using a combination of quantitative …

Implementation Evaluation And Outlook Of Major Function Oriented Zone, Dong Chen, Baoyin Liu, Jie Fan, Daojing Zhou, Rui Guo, Zhao Wang, Jianxiong Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Major Function Oriented Zone (MFOZ), an attempt and exploration aimed at ecological civilization during China’s industrial civilization period which is divided into two stages, the stage of MFOZ planning and the stage of the national strategy and basic institution before and after the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress, and the main characteristics of both stages are analyzed. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the strategic thinking of the MFOZ has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the strategic pattern of the MFOZ has been basically formed, the development of the categorized MFOZ has achieved …

Research On Spatial Collaborative Allocation Of Innovation Chain And Industrial Chain And Regional Economic Layout In China, Jianhui Yu, Wenzhong Zhang, Jiaming Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The driving force of China’s economic development in the new era is gradually shifting from traditional production factor inputs and export-led growth to scientific and technological innovation-driven development, and technological innovation is increasingly becoming the main engine of China’s economic development. China needs to urgently address difficult issues such as the disconnect between science and technology and the economy, as well as prominent problems such as repeated resource allocation and scattered scientific research forces. Under the complex and volatile development environment, it is necessary to further optimize the spatial collaborative allocation of innovation chains and industrial chains and promote the …

Strategic Priorities Of China's Urbanized Areas During 15th Five-Year Plan Period, Wei Qi, Jie Fan, Jiaming Li, Yu Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Urbanized areas are areas whose main function is to provide industrial and service products. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the urbanization rate of China’s population will exceed 70 percent, thus entering a long-time stage of high urbanization levels. The strategic positioning of urbanized areas will be defined as county-level administrative districts with a high concentration of scientific and technological innovation resources, new quality productivity, and new-type industrialization. In terms of strategic layout, the scope of urbanized areas will be optimized to promote the concentration of population and economy in urban agglomerations, metropolitan areas, and central cities, and to strengthen …

Suggestions For Layout Adjustment Of China's Agricultural Regions During Fifteenth Five-Year Plan Period, Yong Xu, Hua Yang, Jian Duan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Adjusting and optimizing the strategic paradigm of China’s agricultural regions in the new era is of great significance to the implementation of the “Greater Food” concept and the building of a strong agriculture. This study takes the layout adjustment of China’s agricultural regions during the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan period as its theme, and firstly summarizes the problems that exist in the main agricultural production regions and the layout changes in grain production bases. Then, in conjunction with the new requirements of the national strategies, the functional types of agricultural regions are refined, the different function positions are clarified, the adjusting …

Improve Policy System Of Main Functional Zones In National Spatial Planning, Fan Qi, Siqi Qiu, Chengshuangping Zhao, Jianglong Chen, Siyu Shao, Bangrui Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

This study analyzes in detail the effectiveness and existing problems of the current policy implementation of the main functional zone in the “multi planning and integration” national land spatial planning system, and proposes an overall idea of systematizing, differentiating, coordinating, and incentivizing the policy system of the main functional zone in the new era of national land spatial governance. From the perspectives of strengthening the top-level design of policy systems, classifying and improving policy tools for the main functional zone, strengthening comprehensive policy coordination, and improving policy implementation evaluation mechanisms, the policy recommendations are proposed for improving and implementing the …

Strategic Pattern And Optimization Of China's Eco-Regions During Fifteenth Five-Year Plan Period, Kan Zhou, Jie Fan, Daojing Zhou, Zhedong Qian, Hu Yu, Hanchu Liu, Jian Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since the implementation of the major function oriented zoning, the ecological space of key ecological functional areas has continuously expanded, with a significant increase in vegetation coverage. Concurrently, there has been a dual change in population dynamics, characterized by a decrease in total population and an increase in the urban population. Furthermore, significant achievements have been made in economic and social development, and there has been a steady improvement in the functions of ecological security barriers, contributing to an alleviation of tension in human-environment relationships. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is imperative to adhere to the functional orientation …

Research On Cohesion Strategy Of Land-Sea Functional Oriented Zoning Based On Perspective Of Land-Sea Coordination, Chengjin Wang, Zhaoyang He

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The marine-terrestrial interlaced zone serves as a crucial spatial hub linking the functional zoning of both land and sea areas. Optimizing the ecological function, economic function, and national security function of the marine-terrestrial interlaced zone is of significant importance for promoting the coordination between land and sea functional oriented zoning and achieving their mutual beneficial interaction. It also contributes to enhancing the economic, social, and environmental benefits, effectively allocating resources, and advancing social sustainability. Building upon the clarification of the current development status and characteristics of China’s marine-terrestrial interlaced zone, the research systematically examines the key issues existing in the …

Layout Of Comprehensive Functional Regions And Recent Regional Guidelines In China, Fengjun Jin, Zhuo Chen, Jie Fan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The overall strategy of the “four major sectors”, the regional major strategies and the major functional oriented zoning strategy have strongly supported the regional coordinated development in China. However, it also brings the risk of exacerbating the imbalance and incoordination of regional development due to strategic differences and segmentation. Based on an analysis of the trends in regional coordinated development in China, this study puts forward the layout of China’s comprehensive function regions, which divides the mainland of China into 10 regions: the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, the middle reaches of Yangtze River basin, the upper reaches …

Establishing Networked Territorial Spatial Pattern To Serve New Development Pattern, Jiaming Li, Jiaoe Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

A networked territorial spatial pattern, centered around major strategic corridors, plays a crucial role in supporting the construction of the new dual-circulation development pattern. The “Two Horizontals and Three Verticals” major strategic corridors that have been formed can effectively promote the concentration of socio-economic factors in major urban agglomerations. However, there exists a mismatch between the north-south vertical strategic corridors and the east-west socio-economic linkages and transportation corridors. Besides, the existing strategic corridors lack sufficient horizontal support for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, and the land and sea corridors exhibit weak horizontal driving effect and insufficient connection with external corridors. “Three …

Comparison Of Open Sharing Modes Of Foreign Large-Scale Scientific Facilities And Implications For China, Dacheng Song, Shuai Xiao, Tianming Li, Ke Wen, Dingyi You, Chen Zhang, Qiang Wei, Runtong Guo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The open sharing of large-scale scientific facilities plays a pivotal role in the ecosystem of open science. This is of great significance for promoting the development of science and technology, enhancing innovation cooperation, and boosting the overall competitive strength of nations. Starting from two dimensions of resource scarcity and sustainability, this study systematically sorts out four open sharing modes of large-scale scientific facilities: the public and inclusive sharing mode, the market response sharing mode, the intensive guarantee sharing mode, and the Strategic Cooperation Sharing Mode. Through the comparison analysis of four foreign large-scale scientific facilities, the study further elaborates the …

Build Regional Strategic Emerging Industry Selection System For Major Scientific And Technological Infrastructure: Structural Framework And Practical Consideration, Lingling Zhang, Congli Huang, Feite Zhou, Xiang Xu, Long Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Under the circumstances of a new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, it has become imperative for the government’s industrial planning to effectively integrate regional resources with scientific and technological innovation capabilities, identify suitable regional strategic emerging industries, and establish clear directions for industrial development. Drawing on various classical theories of industrial selection from the perspectives of industrial economics and management, this research comprehensively considers six dimensions: technical support capacity of facilities, potential for industrial upgrading, regional resource endowment, social demands, government, and opportunities. Based on the Porter Diamond Model, a robust system is developed to select …

Chinese Digital Platform Companies’ Expansion In The Belt And Road Countries, Yujia He

Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce Faculty Publications

The emergence of digital platforms is shifting the digital economy toward a platform economy, and Chinese platform-based businesses like Alibaba, Tencent, and JD are increasingly expanding in the Global South. Alongside this, the Chinese government has been promoting digital economy collaboration with emerging markets through high-level engagement under the banner of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and its digital economy component the Digital Silk Road (DSR). Despite significant market interest and policy attention, grounded empirical analysis of Chinese digital platforms’ expansion within Belt and Road Initiative countries is scarce. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, drawing on both quantitative …

Promote High-Quality Development Of China-Sri Lanka Joint Center For Education And Research By Practicing New Development Philosophy, Jinglong Yao, Haitao Chen, Changsheng Zhang, Min Yang, Weiqiang Wang, Yuansong Wei, Gang Pan, Yawei Wang, Yao Luo, Hui Zhong, Zhenqiu Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Under the guidance of the new development paradigm, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has started a series of pioneering international cooperation in the Belt and Road countries with scientific and technological innovation, especially along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. CAS advanced the practical cooperation with the research institutions of the countries to improve their research and innovation capabilities. Taking the example of high-quality development, the China-Sri Lanka Joint Center for Education and Research (CSL-CER), satisfied the Sri Lanka’ s demands for science and education. This paper describes the progress and significance of achieved results by promoting high-quality development, …

Clean Investment Monitor: Q4 2022 — Q3 2023, Madison Dwyer, Zachary Billot, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

This fact sheet presents investment trends in clean manufacturing, energy and industry, and retail in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. This fact sheet examines data from the Q3 2023 update of the Clean Investment Monitor (CIM), a joint project of Rhodium Group and the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research.

Containerization Of Seafarers In The International Shipping Industry: Contemporary Seamanship, Maritime Social Infrastructures, And Mobility Politics Of Global Logistics, Liang Wu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation discusses the mobility politics of container shipping and argues that technological development, political-economic order, and social infrastructure co-produce one another. Containerization, the use of standardized containers to carry cargo across modes of transportation that is said to have revolutionized and globalized international trade since the late 1950s, has served to expand and extend the power of international coalitions of states and corporations to control the movements of commodities (shipments) and labor (seafarers). The advent and development of containerization was driven by a sociotechnical imaginary and international social contract of seamless shipping and cargo flows. In practice, this liberal, …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Digital Economy Enables Chinese Path To Modernization, Ying Liu, Chaochun Huang, Yongmiao Hong, Shouyang Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Firstly, from the perspective of the internal consistency between the characteristics of Chinese path to modernization and the Internet spirit, this study reveals the importance of developing the digital economy for achieving Chinese path to modernization, and expounds the internal logic of digital economy enabling Chinese path to modernization. Then, it analyzes the challenges and problems faced by the construction of Chinese path to modernization from the aspects of the construction of basic scientific and technological capacity of digital economy, the coordination mechanism of data elements, the structural imbalance of digital development, governance system and security system. Finally, based on …

Practical Exploration Of The Belt And Road: Survey Report From Jiangsu, Zhejiang And Guangdong Provinces, Biliang Hu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Based on the field survey conducted in three provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong of China, this report introduces systematically the major works that have been carried out by the local governments and enterprises during the 10 years after the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed by President Xi Jinping. These works include building up global Belt and Road transportation networks, promoting high quality development of CHINA RAILWAY Express (CR Express), establishing the Belt and Road industrial parks, improving international cooperation on production capacity, facilitating trade development, fostering mutual investments, strengthening scientific and technological cooperation, supporting key Belt and Road …

The Implications Of Politicizing Global Health Diplomacy In A Multipolar World, Haley Stock

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This research paper is the result of an independent study project that details the implications of politicizing global health diplomacy. With a mixture of interviews, primary sources, and secondary sources, this project aims to explain how and why global health has become entrenched in politics in the world today. This paper explores the intersection between global health and foreign policy and analyzes the extent to which countries use medical interventions to achieve political and economic success. Medical interventions, like vaccines, have become increasingly significant, especially looking back at the recent pandemic. Therefore, this paper will also explore the complex nature …

Cultivation Of Scientific And Technological Innovation Talents For The Belt And Road Initiative: China’S Advantages, Challenges And Critical Paths, Jin Qin, Shixin Tan, Yizhu Shen, Liuzhu Gong, Jianxun Chu, Liangchen Fan, Xinhe Bao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Scientific and technological talents are critical resources to China and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although China is the most favorable destination country for overseas students in Asia, it is facing increasing global competition for talents, especially from the developed countries that have introduced policies to attract international students and scientific and technological innovation talents, China highly needs to figure out how to attract more high-quality foreign students and talents, and how to cultivate more innovation talents to serve the Belt and Road development. This study first evaluates science and education rankings of the Belt and Road countries and …

Main Climate Change Characteristics And Disaster Risks Oriented Towards Carbon Neutrality Over The Belt And Road Regions, Jingyong Zhang, Jing He, Lixia Zhang, Zhencai Du, Renqiang Li, Ming Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Climate change has been widely recognized as one of most severe risks that the world faces. The recent 50 years are the warmest period in the last 2 000 years with respect to surface temperature averaged over the Belt and Road regions, which is mainly attributed to continuously increasing and accumulating of carbon emissions from human activities. Since the 1980s, over the Belt and Road regions mean climate change is characterized as surface warming at a faster rate, increased precipitation and evaporation, and accelerated sea level rise among others, and extreme weather and climate events such as hot extremes, rainstorms …

Scientific And Technological Innovation And Cooperation Support High-Quality Development Of The Belt And Road Initiative, Chunli Bai

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Belt and Road Initiative has become a popular international public goods and international cooperation platform in the past decade since it was firstly proposed in 2013. China and the Belt and Road participating countries and regions have made considerable progress in scientific and technological cooperation, including carrying out scientific and technological cooperation actions and plans, building international scientific organizations and science and education cooperation centers, providing talent training platforms, etc. Nevertheless, in the new era, the Belt and Road faces many challenges such as the unpredictable external environment, the incomplete top-level design and mechanism, the insufficient depth of scientific …

Research On Science And Technology Cooperation Pattern Of The Belt And Road Initiative, Weidong Liu, Jing Li, Guohua Xiao, Zhouying Song, Jiansheng Qu, Yafeng Wang, Fahu Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Science and technology cooperation has become an important driving force for the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This study intends to explore how international science and technology cooperation can empower the highquality development of the BRI co-construction. By sorting out the practice of science and technology cooperation in boosting the development of the Belt and Road countries and regions since the raise of BRI, and analyzing the problems and challenges encountered, countermeasures and suggestions for the new era are finally proposed in this study.

Building The Health Silk Road Within The Belt And Road Initiative From A Systematic View, Shouyang Wang, Qin Bao, Qi Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Life and health are common challenges faced by mankind, and the building of the Health Silk Road is the fundamental content of the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. There are great differences in the level of economic and social development of the countries and regions along the Belt and Road. Under the increasingly complex and severe global biosecurity situation, scientific guidance from a systematic perspective is required for comprehensively improving the medical and health conditions and life and health quality of different countries and regions. Aiming at the challenges faced by the building of the Health Silk …

Climate Change Adaptation And Mitigation Strategies For Building A Green Silk Road, Tandong Yao, Jianping Huang, Baiqing Xu, Yanfen Wang, Xi Chen, Junguo Liu, Qingyun Duan, Guangjian Wu, Weicai Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Areas along the Belt and Road face not only natural process-related challenges such as frequent extreme weather events caused by abnormal climate warming, uneven distribution of water resources, but also management-related challenges such as extensive resource management, insufficient protection of ecology and biodiversity, and underutilization of carbon sink potential. To address these challenges and ensure a sustainable future, it is necessary to strengthen scientific and technological cooperation in response to climate change along the Silk Road, and to enhance the quality of the Green Silk Road construction. Key areas of scientific and technological cooperation should focus on water-ecological collaborative management …

Key Areas For Scientific And Technological Cooperation In Ecological And Environmental Protection And Sustainable Development In The Belt And Road Initiative, Bojie Fu, Yanxu Liu, Wenwu Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Green is the foundation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This study examines the ecological and environmental risks faced by BRI and their impact on sustainable development. It identifies key research areas in ecological and environmental protection that support sustainable development, including water resource management and water-saving technologies, water environment governance and human health assurance, land degradation prevention and control technologies and demonstrations, biodiversity conservation and the utilization of biological resources, mechanisms and models for ecosystem restoration, and environmental governance for community sustainable development. It is hoped to enhancing scientific and technological cooperation in ecological and environmental governance among …

Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions In The Context Of Earth System Science, Nianzhi Jiao, Tingwei Luo, Jihua Liu, Quanrui Chen, Chenba Zhu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Comparing the records of geological events and the observations of the current climate, the debate on the main cause of global warming, which has lasted for more than 30 years, is now to an end. Along the global consensus, it is imperative to seek effective solutions to the mitigation of climate change for China and the countries along Belt and Road route, which are facing the unavoidable conflicts between development and protection. Based on these analyses, The study proposes that reasonable and legitimate transformative Ocean Negative Carbon Emission (ONCE) approach should be developed in the context of Earth system science …

Belt And Road Science & Technology Cooperation: Current Situation, Challenges And Development Directions, Hongyan He, Shuxian Wu, Jiayu Xin, Hui Zhao, Yanlei Wang, Dongxia Yan, Linglong Shan, Xin Wang, Yuliang Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward, China has actively engaged in innovation cooperation with coconstruction countries and regions, and has made gratifying achievements in basic scientific research, technology transfer and transformation, the cooperation network and platform base construction. At present, new changes and situations in the political and economic landscape worldwide have put forward higher requirements for the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. Therefore, high-quality joint construction of Belt and Road needs to sum up the experience and identify areas of cooperation. In this context, the study summarizes the current situation and main challenges of …

Case Study And Recommendations On Technological Collaboration In Supporting Development Of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Under The Belt And Road Initiative, Xiaowei Nie, Xiaoduo Pan, Zhuoying Zhang, Yang Yang, Yang Yang, Xinyu Gong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Belt and Road Initiative has played an important role in promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and actively integrated into the global governance system over the past decade. At the same time, through scientific and technological cooperation, it has also significantly impacted domestic regional development. The Tibetan Plateau, known as the “Third Pole” of the Earth, is not only an important internationalized region but also a crucial component of the Belt and Road Initiative, offering opportunities to establish a South Asian land corridor. This study analyzes and summarizes the role of scientific and …