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Articles 31 - 60 of 73
Full-Text Articles in Public Policy
Impact Of Substance Use And Overweight Status On The Relationship Between Domestic Violence And Bullying, Marcie Fraser
Impact Of Substance Use And Overweight Status On The Relationship Between Domestic Violence And Bullying, Marcie Fraser
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Domestic violence has been shown to increase the risk of bullying behavior among youth. Substance use and excess weight have also been linked to bullying behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine what anti-bullying interventions have been implemented throughout the United States, and to identify the role of three risk factors (domestic violence, excessive weight or substance use) on bullying behaviors. For this study domestic violence will be defined as experiencing domestic violence or witnessing inter-parental domestic violence. A literature review (Study 1) was conducted to identify studies and summarize interventions aimed at reducing bullying behaviors among middle-school …
Impact Of Employment Barriers On Individuals With Criminal Records : An Econometric Evaluation Of Criminal Background Checks In New York, Garima Siwach
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Individuals with criminal records face significant barriers to employment, -- a concern which has become stronger in an era of widespread criminal background checks. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has recently drawn attention to the need to balance employers' concerns about the potential risk of hiring such individuals, with increasing employment opportunities for individuals with criminal records, particularly if they are low risk. Despite a large number of individuals with criminal records in the United States working age population, there has been no research to demonstrate the implications of such background checks used for employment determination. This dissertation consists …
Practicing Representation : The Impact Of Electoral Competition On The Home Styles Of U.S. Representatives, Michael A. Armato
Practicing Representation : The Impact Of Electoral Competition On The Home Styles Of U.S. Representatives, Michael A. Armato
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A great deal of political science literature has illustrated that U.S. Representatives respond to different electoral competition scenarios through modifying voting behaviors, floor statements, and bill sponsorship activities. However, scholarship has yet to significantly assess if and how political competition impacts the ways members of Congress present themselves to their voters and explain policy positions to their constituents. This dissertation longitudinally explores if and compares how members of Congress in different and changing electoral circumstances alter their home style behaviors, or not, due to the presence or lack of robust political competition.
The New York State Nursing Home Transition And Diversion Medicaid Waiver Program : A Descriptive Cost Comparison, Joe Atsushi Katagiri
The New York State Nursing Home Transition And Diversion Medicaid Waiver Program : A Descriptive Cost Comparison, Joe Atsushi Katagiri
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The New York State Nursing Home Transition and Diversion Medicaid waiver program (NHTD) assists individuals with long-term care needs with the goal of living safely in their communities. This program is founded on two assumptions: it is less expensive to provide long-term care services to Medicaid recipients in the community as opposed to a nursing home and those who are willing and capable of living in a community setting should do so. However, the healthcare environment in the United States is facing the rising cost of long-term care. The first assumption, if true, could be used as a means to …
Application Of Cotter And Colleagues' Glass Ceiling Test To Examine Salary Disparity In Field Of Social Work, Kris Foote
Application Of Cotter And Colleagues' Glass Ceiling Test To Examine Salary Disparity In Field Of Social Work, Kris Foote
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Does Distrust Aid Network Management In A Regulatory Policy Context? : A Study On A Local Hydraulic Fracturing Policy Network In New York State, Jeongyoon Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examines factors that explain the structure of a regulatory policy with a particular focus on how distrust plays a role in shaping the structure of a regulatory policy network. Understanding the mechanisms that explain the structure of policy networks has been an important subject in the era of collaboration. However, previous research have almost exclusively studied network structures in the context of social service policies. Little is known about what factors explain network structures in the context of regulatory policies where policy decision-making processes end up being challenged in court or the competing groups tend to manipulate scientific …
Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen
Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Obama Administration launched an e-petitioning site called “We the People” (WtP) in 2011 to encourage the submission of citizens’ policy suggestions. Since 2011, thousands of petitions have been submitted to this site. Analysis of the contents of petition texts using topic modeling may enable policy makers and government leaders to identify latent topics of public interest that are not otherwise apparent.
Government-Nonprofit Relationships And The Management Process Of Social Welfare Service Contracting In Korea, Ji Sun Kang
Government-Nonprofit Relationships And The Management Process Of Social Welfare Service Contracting In Korea, Ji Sun Kang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation is an exploratory analysis of a government policy tool− contracting out social welfare services with nonprofit organizations− that aims to identify how contracting relationships between public and nonprofit managers influence the contract management process. The theoretical framework draws on the government-nonprofit relationship literature, especially studies that rely on resource dependence theory and agency theory. Using data gathered from interviews conducted with public officials in district governments and workers in social welfare centers in Korea, this dissertation examines the contract management process, particularly negotiation, monitoring, and evaluation through five critical dimensions of the contracting relationship: power, resources, communication, information …
Performance Management, Evaluation Capacity, And Organizational Learning : A Study Of Nonprofit Organizations, Shahid Umar
Performance Management, Evaluation Capacity, And Organizational Learning : A Study Of Nonprofit Organizations, Shahid Umar
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Most evaluation capacity building (ECB) approaches use staff training as the method to build evaluation capacity (EC) in organizations. ECB has rarely been understood and empirically studied at the organizational level. The present study fills this gap by using an organizational learning perspective. Specifically, the study was a response to the following research question: do organizations with high EC differ from organizations with low EC in terms of OLC? OLC was measured using five measures of organizational learning: staff empowerment, staff development, external alignment, experimentation, and clear organizational goals. Data were collected from 26 nonprofit organizations (NPOs) located in the …
Three Essays In Program Evaluation, Jungtaek Lee
Three Essays In Program Evaluation, Jungtaek Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
I evaluate a wider range of public policies with program evaluation methods, difference-in-difference regression method and regression discontinuity design. The first chapter considers the causal relationship between the expansion on dependent coverage of the Affordable Care Act and risky behaviors including smoking and drinking. I also examine the effect of coverage on preventive care and health care utilization. To overcome the endogeneity problem, I exploit a regression discontinuity design to estimate the causal effect of losing health insurance. I find that young adults those who turned 26 are 8 to 10 percent more likely to lose health insurance than young …
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although about 47 million low-income people participated in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) program at the end of 2012, the effect of SNAP participation on some nutrition related outcomes is controversial or unknown. Particularly, the effect of SNAP on food availability at-home has not been examined despite its association with food consumption. In addition, little is known about individual and social factors influencing this relationship. This study examined the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and depression and the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and the presence of children under 17 years of age on food …
Legislating For American Empire : The U.S. Congress And Territorial Policy, Timothy Lindberg
Legislating For American Empire : The U.S. Congress And Territorial Policy, Timothy Lindberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The United States has always administered territorial governments and the primary entity entrusted with this authority is the United States Congress. This dissertation, using an American Political Development framework, seeks to uncover the variety of ways in which Congressional decision-making over territorial policy has shifted. The goal is to understand how the United States Congress worked toward establishing and maintaining an American Empire via the use of territorial policy. A variety of causal mechanisms causing are investigated, including the demographic targets of policy, partisan conflicts, changing norms and rules of Congress, pressures from other branches or the states, national security …
Predicting Job Performance In Correctional Officers With Pre-Employment Psychological Screening, Shelley S. Hyland
Predicting Job Performance In Correctional Officers With Pre-Employment Psychological Screening, Shelley S. Hyland
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
There is substantial cost in the hiring and training of a correctional officer, with a high rate of turnover compounding these costs. While pre-employment psychological screening is suggested as one method to prevent these losses, mandates to screen are not as common in corrections as they are in law enforcement. Further, minimal research has examined the validity of psychological testing in correctional officers. This dissertation examined pre-employment psychological screening for 421 correctional officers hired by one of three upstate New York sheriff's departments. Assessments were conducted by Public Safety Psychology, PLLC from March, 1997 to June, 2012. T scores and …
Expecting The Unexpected : A Precautionary Principle Addressing Unconsidered Dangers, John Raymond Milanese
Expecting The Unexpected : A Precautionary Principle Addressing Unconsidered Dangers, John Raymond Milanese
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Most precautionary principles discussed in the regulatory literature argue that one ought to be more risk averse when one is uncertain about the probability of some sig- nificant danger. I explore a new kind of precautionary principle, one that addresses avoiding dangers we did not explicitly consider at all. Since it is unclear how uncon- sidered dangers could be avoided, I sketch a methodology for identifying situations where unconsidered dangers seem especially likely, by drawing from the literature in psychology on heuristics and biases and evaluating our cognitive “blind spots.”
The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone
The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background: There is widespread acknowledgement that patients often suffer from adverse events that occur in the provision of medical care (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000). A notable percentage of these events stem from poor practices and unreliable hospital safety systems (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000; Chassin, 2013). Although the literature has been mixed regarding the association between perception of safety culture in hospitals and rates of adverse events, policy makers and healthcare thought-leaders have called on hospital leadership to improve safety culture as one strategy for decreasing harm to patients.
Making Parts Instead Of Children : Policy Feedback And No Child Left Behind, Jody Maria Schmid
Making Parts Instead Of Children : Policy Feedback And No Child Left Behind, Jody Maria Schmid
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Most of our hopes and dreams for public education rely on how well teachers teach, and major federal education policies often need teachers to serve as their primary implementers. Yet we know very little about how teachers' responses to federal education policies affect their teaching, their identity and their motivations. Research on "policy feedback" recognizes that policy targets derive important lessons from public policies and political discourse, but there are gaps in terms of how, when and why relationships within organizations, institutions, or communities mediate these effects on policy implementers and citizens. This dissertation uses cultural policy analysis, and in-depth, …
Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz
Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background. Avoidable emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) contribute significantly to rising Medicaid costs. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) and New York State (NYS) Medicaid Redesign Team have identified a critical need to reduce ER and hospital utilization in an effort to contain healthcare costs and improve quality of care. Study Objective. This study identifies independent predictors of medical and behavioral/psychiatric ER and hospital utilization for a cohort of individuals with IDD (n=597) residing in supported living arrangements in New York City, the most Medicaid-dense region of NYS. Methods. A retrospective …
Negotiated Bodies : Institution Building And Participatory Policymaking In Mexico's Public Health Sector, Katherine Truby
Negotiated Bodies : Institution Building And Participatory Policymaking In Mexico's Public Health Sector, Katherine Truby
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the relationships between the state and civil society organizations within the context of HIV policy in Mexico. The Mexican context is important in this analysis: Mexico has relatively recently transitioned to a more democratic form of governance, including expanding institutional opportunities for civil society organizations to participate in processes of policy development and implementation. Further, Mexico has an HIV epidemic that is concentrated in the most at-risk communities. These communities typically face political and social exclusion. The extent to which civil society organizations advocating on behalf of these marginalized communities successfully negotiate the creation of new policy …
Unpacking The Impact Of Democracy On Terrorism, Issares Lertangtam
Unpacking The Impact Of Democracy On Terrorism, Issares Lertangtam
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
While policy makers assert that democracy can reduce terrorism, academics have produced differing theories explaining the relationship between the two. One theory suggests that democracy discourages terrorism because citizens in democracy can express grievances through electoral process resulting in their less incentive to resort to violence. Another theory argues that democracy encourages terrorism because its enabling environment reduces the cost of terrorist activities. Still another contends that democracy increases terrorism because political contestation in democracy induces some groups to use violence to outbid for their cause. Other strands exist including one suggesting no relationship between democracy and terrorism. These controversial …
Modeling Incentives To Disclose : Smart Disclosure Policy, Private Sector Transparency And Demanded Disclosure, Djoko Sigit Sayogo
Modeling Incentives To Disclose : Smart Disclosure Policy, Private Sector Transparency And Demanded Disclosure, Djoko Sigit Sayogo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Increasing information asymmetry in the markets has spawned public policy problems that require smart disclosure policy approaches involving collaboration between governments, private entities and the general public. Such novel disclosure policies have the potential to induce more perfect information in markets by changing the decision processes by which organizations disclose information.
Essays In Academic Intelligence And Security Education, Michael Landon-Murray
Essays In Academic Intelligence And Security Education, Michael Landon-Murray
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation consists of four essays. These essays challenge and build on existing scholarly study, filling critical research gaps--normative, empirical, and practical. The dissertation's critical literature review (Essay 1) identifies limits and needs in the field, also serving to situate the other three essays. Essay 2 urges a more precise dialogue on academic competencies for intelligence students, also discussing issues associated with designing and evaluating academic intelligence curricula on the basis of ODNI Core Competencies. It then offers a mechanism to help academic programs mitigate the narrow faculty expertise and "amateurism" issues noted in the literature. Essay 3 evaluates U.S. …
Constructing Veterans : Women Military Veterans, Va And Society, Cecilia Ferradino
Constructing Veterans : Women Military Veterans, Va And Society, Cecilia Ferradino
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite having honorably served in the U.S. military, many women do not see themselves as veterans. In so doing, they may miss out on much-needed benefits to which they have rightfully earned and deserve. But, the question goes beyond benefit claiming. If women who served in the military do not see themselves as veterans they are also relinquishing power that comes with membership in a politically and socially esteemed group. If women who served in the armed forces do not see themselves as veteran, then what is a veteran? Therefore, this research centers on the question: who, or what entity, …
Heterogeneity In The Purchase And Use Of Health Insurance : Lessons From The Massachusetts Health Insurance Reform, Jihyun Shin
Heterogeneity In The Purchase And Use Of Health Insurance : Lessons From The Massachusetts Health Insurance Reform, Jihyun Shin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation presents a set of analyses that are thematically linked to the trajectory of research inquiries about the relation between the health care reform and insurance demand and the association between health insurance and use of primary care services.
Impact Of Gender Inequality And Religion On How States Experience Terrorism, Aneela Salman
Impact Of Gender Inequality And Religion On How States Experience Terrorism, Aneela Salman
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation includes three essays that present a quantitative analysis of the policy implications of gender equality and religious attitudes as predictors of terrorism at the state level using a broad dataset. Essay one focuses on impact of gender equality, especially women's political empowerment on terrorism, both domestic and transnational. The second essay examines both gender equality attitudes and actual outcomes in social, economic and political spheres, to measure their effect on terrorism. The third essay analyzes the relation of religiousness in a society with incidents and lethality of terrorism. The overall findings of this thesis suggest that attitudes and …
Investigating New York : Governor Alfred E. Smith, The Moreland Act, And Reshaping New York State Government, John T. Evers
Investigating New York : Governor Alfred E. Smith, The Moreland Act, And Reshaping New York State Government, John T. Evers
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
By examining Governor Alfred E. Smith's use of gubernatorial investigations sanctioned by law under the under the Moreland Act, this work details his efforts to transform New York State government from a chaotic system of boards, bureaus, commissions, and departments to a streamlined cabinet-style executive branch dominated by a strong governor. Hindered by a state constitution which severely limited gubernatorial power, Smith utilized one of the few tools open to governors to draw attention to, and then change, state government: executive investigation. In order to gain control of state administrative, budgetary, and public policy initiatives Smith challenged legislative leaders and …
How Cultural Elements Are Reflected In Policy Discourse Regarding Work-Life Balance : Policy Discourse As An Indicator Of Korean Culture, Ji Sung Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As the proportion of both working women and dual-income families has increased worldwide over the last few decades, employees' value orientations related to their quality of life have changed considerably, in regard to both their work and personal lives. With these changes, a variety of work-life balance policies and practices have emerged to help employees manage their work and family responsibilities. In addition. policy discussions and public discourse regarding issues of work-life balance have expanded. In the Republic of Korea, the research context of this research, although there have been many efforts both from the legislature and government to promote …
Revenue First, Temperance Second : Jean Sheppard, Repeal And The Creation Of The New York State Liquor Authority, 1930-1934, Martin George Springfield
Revenue First, Temperance Second : Jean Sheppard, Repeal And The Creation Of The New York State Liquor Authority, 1930-1934, Martin George Springfield
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The amending of the Volstead Act and repeal of national prohibition did not answer the "liquor question" but passed the issue to the states. This thesis examines New York's reaction to the change in national alcohol policy and the states decision to legalize and regulate the beverage with the establishment of the New York State Liquor Authority. It traces the activities of Jean Sheppard who led the state division of the Women's Organization for National Prohibition Reform (WONPR) and became one of the key architects of New York's modern alcohol control system. As an expert in alcohol control policies Sheppard …
From Capability Trap To Capacity Development : Understanding Local Capacity For Managing Disasters, Asmita Tiwari
From Capability Trap To Capacity Development : Understanding Local Capacity For Managing Disasters, Asmita Tiwari
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The concept of capacity development is essential to the idea of governance and development. Over the decades, governments and development agencies have promoted capacity development programs. With the increasing number of disaster events and associated losses, there has been heightened attention given to governments' capacity to manage disasters. This is associated with a paradigm shift from reactive to proactive actions. Prevention requires capacity to understand, reduce, and manage risk. Nevertheless, a universally acceptable overarching framework of capacity development does not exist.
Essays On The Effects Of Public Policies On Emergency Department Use In Us, Niyousha Hosseinichimeh
Essays On The Effects Of Public Policies On Emergency Department Use In Us, Niyousha Hosseinichimeh
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Continuous growth of Emergency Department (ED) visits in the US has raised many concerns. Several studies have been devoted to determine the causes of ED use growth but few of them have examined impacts of public policies on ED visits. This dissertation includes three essays that investigate causes of increase in ED visits and examine the effect of some public policies on ED use. Specifically, essay 1 investigates the effect on ED use of the Massachusetts Healthcare Reform. Essay 2 examines the association of ED visits in a state with the share of the population with different types of insurance …
State Homeland Security : Variation And Patterns Among The U.S. States, Lisa N. Sacco
State Homeland Security : Variation And Patterns Among The U.S. States, Lisa N. Sacco
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the homeland security organizations of the 50 states, and describes what systems the states have created for homeland security policy and structure. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine how each state homeland security organization was developed, describe each organization, and ascertain if patterns of homeland security have emerged among the states. This descriptive study also uncovers philosophical differences in the states' interpretation of homeland security.