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Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons™
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Articles 91 - 120 of 171
Full-Text Articles in Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Composition, Conflict Expression, And Psychological Safety In Teams: A Longitudinal Investigation, Ngoc Son Duong
Composition, Conflict Expression, And Psychological Safety In Teams: A Longitudinal Investigation, Ngoc Son Duong
Theses and Dissertations
Research on conflict in organizations has previously been investigated as conflict management style, conflict content, and conflict culture. Weingart and colleagues (2015) proposed a new framework of examining conflict as conflict expression, which can be defined as an individual’s particular verbal or non-verbal behaviors in expressing disagreement. The current study aimed to expand the nomological network surrounding conflict expression in teams. First, the study examined the effect of each conflict expression on team performance. Second, the study examined team composition in terms of personality and political skill as antecedents of conflict expression. Third, the study examined the effect of political …
Investigating Factors Affecting Venture Growth Intention For Women Entrepreneurs, Beth Johanna Gitlin
Investigating Factors Affecting Venture Growth Intention For Women Entrepreneurs, Beth Johanna Gitlin
Theses and Dissertations
During the past several years the number of women-owned firms increased by 45% from 2007-2016, a rate five times faster than the national average. However, their overall venture growth is far below the national average. The benefits of studying the internal and external context in which this phenomenon has occurred will help us to understand what types of interventions may contribute to enhancing venture growth intention for women entrepreneurs. In light of the scant research linking factors such as self-confidence, access to role models, perceived family support and risk-taking to venture growth intention for women entrepreneurs, this study examines a …
Examining The Relationship Of Constructive Deviance With Individual Differences, Job Characteristics, And Organizational Climate, Michael Sawdy
Examining The Relationship Of Constructive Deviance With Individual Differences, Job Characteristics, And Organizational Climate, Michael Sawdy
Theses and Dissertations
Recent research has demonstrated that deviant behaviors can have both positive intentions and outcomes (Galperin, 2002; Morrison, 2006; Warren, 2001). These behaviors are often referred to as constructive deviance, but little is known about the antecedents of these behaviors within organizations. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on constructive deviance by investigating individual characteristics, job characteristics, and organizational climates as predictors of constructive deviance. After investigating each of the predictors independently, a dominance analysis was conducted to determine the strength of each predictor relative to one another. Surprisingly, although role breadth self-efficacy and autonomy have previously been …
Consequences Of Public/Private Selves On The Stigmatized Individual In The Workplace, Dinah Miriam Camilleri
Consequences Of Public/Private Selves On The Stigmatized Individual In The Workplace, Dinah Miriam Camilleri
Theses and Dissertations
Although workplace discrimination based on group membership has been studied, there is little research focused on the experience of stigmatized individuals and the organizational outcomes of perceived stigmatization. This study aimed to determine whether perceived stigmatization leads to negative consequences such as emotional exhaustion, counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), and reduced job satisfaction through the process of public/private self-schematization. A sample of 302 employees identifying as religious minorities were surveyed three times over a period of four months. Findings indicate that self-schematization mediated the relationship between perceived stigmatization and emotional exhaustion while partially mediating the relationships between perceived stigmatization, job satisfaction, …
Effectiveness Of Exceeding Expectations And Demonstration Of Concerns For Repairing Trust In Collaborative Relationships, Kyi Phyu Nyein
Effectiveness Of Exceeding Expectations And Demonstration Of Concerns For Repairing Trust In Collaborative Relationships, Kyi Phyu Nyein
Theses and Dissertations
Interpersonal trust in collaborative relationships has been found to lead to positive outcomes, such as satisfaction, perceived leadership effectiveness, teamwork, and successful organizational change (Fulmer & Gelfand, 2012). However, trust can decline naturally or can be broken due to unmet expectations as trust involves expectations of positive intentions from another individual or positive outcomes from the relationship (Bhattacharya, Devinney, & Pillutla, 1998). In order to continue and achieve successful collaboration, trust must be repaired using different trust repair strategies such as providing apology or denying the responsibility. The current research examines exceeding expectations and demonstration of concerns as two understudied …
Job Characteristics And Turker Motivation: A Crowdsource Study Of Amazon Mechanical Turk, Michael William Mcferran
Job Characteristics And Turker Motivation: A Crowdsource Study Of Amazon Mechanical Turk, Michael William Mcferran
Theses and Dissertations
There is substantial opportunity for I-O psychology to study and further understand the growing industry of gig work. The research gap in the limited domain of gig work prompted the exploration of studying what perceived job characteristics matter for crowdsource workers on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and whether job characteristics predict traditional workplace outcomes in the gig economy. Participants from MTurk allowed the research question to be efficiently assessed within a gig related crowdsourcing sample. This study demonstrated that traditional theories from I-O psychology can apply to crowdsource based work. Specifically, job characteristics were related to job satisfaction and organizational …
Exploring The Predictive Validity Of Personality For Job Performance Across Occupations Using A Person-Centered Approach, Sherif Al-Qallawi
Exploring The Predictive Validity Of Personality For Job Performance Across Occupations Using A Person-Centered Approach, Sherif Al-Qallawi
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this study is to shed light upon the complex and long-debated relationship between personality and job performance from a new angle. Using a person-centered approach to examine personality, this study is the first to examine the criterion-related validity of personality profiles in predicting job performance in a corporate sample while accounting for occupational membership. More specifically, using an archival dataset from a Fortune 100 company, the current study involves hypotheses and research questions related to the existence and distribution of personality profiles across occupations, incremental validity of personality profiles in predicting performance, differential predictive validity for personality …
Considering Leadership Style, Trust, And Uncertainty Avoidance On Leader Member Exchange, Alexander Michael Dechurch
Considering Leadership Style, Trust, And Uncertainty Avoidance On Leader Member Exchange, Alexander Michael Dechurch
Theses and Dissertations
This study was conducted to further research the impact of leadership style on leader-member exchange (LMX), and to investigate the role of individual uncertainty avoidance and trust on LMX when paired with the two leadership styles (transactional and transformational leadership). Three samples were collected. Sample 1 included 32 dyadic undergraduate student and leader pairs from a midsize southern private university; Sample 2 included 118 leaders recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk); Sample 3 included 141 followers recruited through Mturk. Results indicated positive relationships between follower and leader perceptions of transactional and transformational leadership style and leadermember exchange. Moreover, there are …
Self-Confident, Inside And Out: Exploring The Antecedents Of Internal And External Self-Confidence In Women Leaders., Nisha Hafeez Quraishi
Self-Confident, Inside And Out: Exploring The Antecedents Of Internal And External Self-Confidence In Women Leaders., Nisha Hafeez Quraishi
Theses and Dissertations
This study was conducted to examine levels of internal and external self-confidence in women leaders. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to explore the antecedents of self-confidence levels in women leaders, predicting that benevolent sexism would lower self-confidence through stereotype threat. 150 female leaders filled out an online survey. The results did not provide support for six out of the seven proposed hypotheses. The results found that benevolent sexism was negatively related to external self-confidence, but overall did not impact self-confidence. An exploratory analysis was conducted to further examine potential mediators and moderators in the relationship between hostile and …
Work-Family Centrality Profile And Its Moderating Role On The Effects Of Work-Family Conflict, Anqi Li
Work-Family Centrality Profile And Its Moderating Role On The Effects Of Work-Family Conflict, Anqi Li
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation employs latent profile analysis to explore potential work-family centrality profiles and its associated antecedents, distal outcomes, as well as its interaction effect with work-family conflict in shaping match-domain outcomes. Stemmed from the identity theory (Stryker, 1968, 1980), work centrality and family centrality describe how central an individual places identities associated with work roles and family roles relatively to one’s overall identity, respectively. A person’s work-family centrality profiles is configured by one’s standings on work centrality and family centrality simultaneously. Two studies were conducted in this dissertation. Study 1 followed the three-step approach to latent profile analysis (Asparouhov & …
Designing Selection Systems To Reduce Turnover, Joshua David Bush
Designing Selection Systems To Reduce Turnover, Joshua David Bush
Theses and Dissertations
This study sought to explore and predict voluntary turnover as a critical dependent variable in selection systems. I describe how using competency modeling to build measures of person-organization (P-O) fit may serve as a theoretical launching point for designing selection assessments to predict voluntary turnover. I tested this theoretical framework by analyzing an archival selection database of 3,332 current and former employees who went through a competency model-based selection system, which includes five different assessment methods all designed to measure P-O fit. I hypothesized that scores on these assessments would negatively predict turnover risk because research has demonstrated a strong …
Sink Or Swim: Maximizing The Impact Of 360° Feedback In Leader Development, Leah Joyce Ellison
Sink Or Swim: Maximizing The Impact Of 360° Feedback In Leader Development, Leah Joyce Ellison
Theses and Dissertations
Leader development initiatives prescribed as isolated events often fall short of their intended outcomes (Avolio, Reichard, Hannah, Walumbwa, & Chan, 2009). Initiatives should instead be enacted as part of an ongoing developmental process that encourages continuous learning and self-improvement through an “integrated set of experiences” (Hernez-Broome & Hughes, 2004). The current study proposes that a combination of factors throughout this continuous process, both external to and within leaders, significantly impact the outcomes following a 360° feedback leader development program (360 LDP). External factors such as a leader’s feedback environment and perceived quality of coaching relationship with his or her boss …
Ya Gotta Wanna: Shifting Motivational Priorities In The Self-Control Process, Keemia Vaghef
Ya Gotta Wanna: Shifting Motivational Priorities In The Self-Control Process, Keemia Vaghef
Theses and Dissertations
Self-control has been linked to a range of important academic, social, and achievement-related outcomes (Tangney et al., 2004). However, there are a variety of differing perspectives on the process by which individuals exert self-control. Thus, the self-control process is still ambiguous and there is no single model that researchers have yet to agree upon. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine this self-control process in more detail, drawing from the shifting priorities self-control process model (Inzlicht, Schmeichel, & Macrae, 2014). More specifically, the study examined the distinct influence of regulatory-related constructs, specifically delay of gratification and future time perspective, …
The Relationship Between Social Anxiety And Leadership Emergence: A Resource Perspective, Katherine Naomi Rau
The Relationship Between Social Anxiety And Leadership Emergence: A Resource Perspective, Katherine Naomi Rau
Theses and Dissertations
Despite its certain prevalence, mental illness has remained largely unstudied in the field of Industrial-Organizational Psychology. The research at hand addresses a widening gap in the literature: what does mental illness mean for leadership, particularly leadership emergence? In attempting to answer this question, I examined the experience of social anxiety as it is the most commonly diagnosed anxiety disorder and has particular relevance to the workplace. By utilizing a resource perspective, I found that controlling for personality, social anxiety did significantly predict emotional exhaustion in terms of both frequency and intensity. Emotional exhaustion and professional self-efficacy significantly predicted leadership emergence …
Distinguishing Adaptation And Adjustment: Effects On Communication And Safety Performance In Dynamic Work Environments, Kayla Lynne Hoelzel
Distinguishing Adaptation And Adjustment: Effects On Communication And Safety Performance In Dynamic Work Environments, Kayla Lynne Hoelzel
Theses and Dissertations
People are different in their capacities in adapting and adjusting to dynamic workplaces. Previous literature lacks the distinction between the two constructs, which results in a lack of understanding in how adaptation and adjustment influence other organizational variables such as performance. In the current study, I first summarize the current literature on these two constructs from a few different fields in psychology, discuss the theoretical distinctions of these two constructs, and propose that they should be defined as separate constructs. Then, I establish construct validities for both concepts by developing nomological networks for both adaptation and adjustment based on the …
Job Search: From Setting The Goal To Obtaining The Job, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Job Search: From Setting The Goal To Obtaining The Job, Nicholas Aaron Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Job searching is a nearly universal experience with important consequences. Although research on the job search process is extensive, few studies have examined the goals that individuals have during their job search (i.e., employment and job search goals) and the factors that influence these goals over time. However, these goal-related processes are likely to be key in this area given that job searching fundamentally involves goal pursuit and how these processes unfold may have important implications for job seekers. This research begins to fill this gap by examining self-efficacy as an antecedent of job search and employment goals; perceived progress …
Unexpected Effects: The Dual Effects Of Prevalent Work Characteristics On Goal Accomplishment And The Moderating Role Of Proactivity, Anna Saelinger
Unexpected Effects: The Dual Effects Of Prevalent Work Characteristics On Goal Accomplishment And The Moderating Role Of Proactivity, Anna Saelinger
Theses and Dissertations
The present study addressed the issue of the inability of current job design models to account for some of the complexities associated with prominent job characteristics (e.g., autonomy, task variety, and interdependence) by examining the effects of these work characteristics on employee goal accomplishment from the perspective of a new conceptual model: the opposing processes model. Specifically, this research proposed intrinsic motivation and interruptions as opposing mechanisms in the work characteristic-work performance relationship, where the positive effect of one (i.e., intrinsic motivation increasing effort and/or desire to reach one’s goal) would be counteracted by the negative effect of the other …
Identifying As Lesbian, Gay, Or Bisexual At Work: Implications Of Disclosure Within Work Teams, Jesse R. Caylor
Identifying As Lesbian, Gay, Or Bisexual At Work: Implications Of Disclosure Within Work Teams, Jesse R. Caylor
Theses and Dissertations
As is the case for members of any stigmatized minority group, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals face heightened adversity within the workplace (Herek, 2009). However, unlike employees with stigmatized identities that are readily apparent (e.g., race, gender), employees who identify as LGB are afforded a unique opportunity to avoid the adversity associated with their stigma altogether by choosing not to identify themselves (e.g., maintain the appearance of being heterosexual). However, despite the potential negative consequences, many LGB employees choose to disclose their sexual orientation to their coworkers and supervisors. Research on the impact of disclosure behaviors on subsequent job …
Illegitimate Tasks And Employee Silence: A Moderated Mediation Model, Timothy A. Davis
Illegitimate Tasks And Employee Silence: A Moderated Mediation Model, Timothy A. Davis
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated the relationship between illegitimate tasks and employee silence and examined the mediating role of job engagement and the moderating effect of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Grounded in justice theory, stress research, and the engagement literature, this study found illegitimate tasks to positively predict employee silence and negatively predict job engagement. Significant results were not found for the moderation and mediation analysis of personality traits and job engagement, respectively.
Negative Mind Wandering As A Symptom Of Incivility: What It Means For Important Workplace Outcomes, Anthony Belluccia
Negative Mind Wandering As A Symptom Of Incivility: What It Means For Important Workplace Outcomes, Anthony Belluccia
Theses and Dissertations
The effects of experienced incivility have been explained by a variety of cognitive and emotional mechanisms, but mind wandering may also be responsible for many processes and behaviors associated with incivility due to its ability to make room for resources (ego depletion theory) and remedy attentional conflicts generated by incivility (attentional-conflict theory). This study proposed that three negative dimensions of mind wandering (distressed, ruminating and irrelevant) would mediate the relationship between experienced incivility and various workplace outcomes, including instigated incivility, task performance, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and creative problem solving. As part of the study, we also developed and validated …
A New Approach To Explain Applicant Faking Behaviors: A Model Based On Trait Contract Classification Theory, Yadi Yang
Theses and Dissertations
Applicant faking behavior (AFB) on personality measures is a problematic phenomenon in selection context. It is important to address applicant faking behaviors because it will result in hiring unqualified people and lead to fairness issues. Researchers have developed many theoretical frameworks to understand applicant faking behaviors, and it is commonly accepted that applicant faking behaviors is an interaction effect of the both situational factors and individual factors. In this study, we examined applicant faking behaviors based on one of the interactional framework, the Trait Contract Classification (TCC) theory (Griffith, Lee, Peterson & Zickar, 2011) which took one step further to …
Development And Evaluation Of The Havuc (Hostility, Ambiguity, Volatility, Uncertainty, & Complexity) Environment Fitness Scale (Hefs), Phillip Thomas
Development And Evaluation Of The Havuc (Hostility, Ambiguity, Volatility, Uncertainty, & Complexity) Environment Fitness Scale (Hefs), Phillip Thomas
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the psychometric properties of a newly developed scale to measure individuals’ attitudes toward hostile, ambiguous, volatile, uncertain, and complex (HAVUC) environments—the HAVUC Environment Fitness Scale (HEFS). The 30-item summated scale consists of five 6-item subscales representing each element of HAVUC, utilizing a 7-point Likert scale ranging from one (1-strongly disagree) to seven (7-strongly agree). This study serves a need to better understand antecedents of individuals’ intentions and behavior (e.g., attitudes toward the environment) when operating in turbulent environments, aside from individual traits and the general notion of personenvironment (PE) fit. The study follows Spector’s (1992) recommendations for …
How A Conducive Environment And Susceptible Followers Influence Toxic Leadership Behaviors In The Air Force: An Examination Of The Toxic Triangle Theory, Rachel S. Beightel
How A Conducive Environment And Susceptible Followers Influence Toxic Leadership Behaviors In The Air Force: An Examination Of The Toxic Triangle Theory, Rachel S. Beightel
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis was to determine what characteristics of the Air Force’s environment and Airmen perpetuate toxic leadership behaviors. This survey study was designed, using the toxic triangle theory, to evaluate the toxic leadership behaviors, susceptible follower traits, and conducive environment characteristics participants have experienced in the Air Force. The study applied ordinary least squares path analysis to determine the influence susceptible followers and characteristics of a conducive environment have on toxic leadership behaviors in the Air Force. Results revealed that collusive followers have a direct influence on toxic leadership. While only two characteristics of a conducive environment …
Consuming Digital Debris In The Plasticene, Stephen R. Parks
Consuming Digital Debris In The Plasticene, Stephen R. Parks
Theses and Dissertations
Claims of customization and control by socio-technical industries are altering the role of consumer and producer. These narratives are often misleading attempts to engage consumers with new forms of technology. By addressing capitalist intent, material, and the reproduction limits of 3-D printed objects’, I observe the aspirational promise of becoming a producer of my own belongings through new networks of production. I am interested in gaining a better understanding of the data consumed that perpetuates hyper-consumptive tendencies for new technological apparatuses. My role as a designer focuses on the resolution of not only the surface of the object through 3-D …
Extraversion And Person-Environment Fit: Towards Consideration Of Jungian Theory In Organizational Psychology, Nicholas Rosemarino
Extraversion And Person-Environment Fit: Towards Consideration Of Jungian Theory In Organizational Psychology, Nicholas Rosemarino
Theses and Dissertations
Historically, the field of Industrial/Organizational (I/O) Psychology has relied on the Big 5 taxonomy of personality. The purpose of this study was to examine the value of a Jungian conception of extraversion in the context of the relationship between the physical work environment and person-environment (PE) fit. The MBTI and the NEO-IPIP, representing a Jungian and a taxonomic conception of personality, respectively, were hypothesized to predict the within-person relationship between extraverted environment and PE fit. PE fit was hypothesized to predict perceived satisfaction and perceived performance. To examine these hypotheses, 110 participants were recruited from Mturk and responded to 18 …
A Validation Study Of The Cross Cultural Competenc E Navigator, Xiaowen Chen
A Validation Study Of The Cross Cultural Competenc E Navigator, Xiaowen Chen
Theses and Dissertations
C ross cultural competency (3C) is defined as an individual’s capability to effectively function in culturally diverse contexts, which is influenced by a set of individual antecedents. In the literature 3C has been characterized by a number of models and associated measures. In this thesis, 3C capability was described by seven distinctive antecedents, i.e. mindfulness, inquisitiveness, interpersonal skills, emotional stability, cultural knowledge, cultural experience and foreign language. A pragmatic 3C model was presented based on the literature findings, detailing the underlying mechanisms of 3C and its potential nomological network. The model attempted to reconcile three major disagreements in 3C research, …
Feedback Environment Intervention: Changing The Performance Management Paradigm From Systems To People, James R. Gallo
Feedback Environment Intervention: Changing The Performance Management Paradigm From Systems To People, James R. Gallo
Theses and Dissertations
For years, empirical research has supported the claims that an organization’s feedback environment is related to numerous beneficial outcomes for employees and organizations. While we have a valid and reliable way to measure this feedback environment, we don’t know much about how to intervene in organizations to create a favorable feedback environment. This research study attempted to improve an organization’s feedback environment through a planned change intervention and therefore to create new institutionalized group norms often prevalent in a favorable feedback environment. The goal of the intervention was to train employees on the seven dimensions of the feedback environment and …
Emotional Display Rule Conflict In Student Affairs And Services Administrators, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Emotional Display Rule Conflict In Student Affairs And Services Administrators, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines a proposed model in which display rule conflict occurs when employees’ personal emotional display rule goals or values (operationalized as student customer orientation and individual-level power distance) are inconsistent with the emotional display rule goals of their department or culture (operationalized as department-level student customer orientation and country-level power distance, respectively). No significant effects of the interaction between personal and department-level student customer orientation or personal and department-level power distance on display rule commitment were found. Results did show that display rule conflict has a negative effect on display rule commitment. Further, display rule conflict predicted emotional …
Emotional Labor In A Computer-Mediated Environment, Christa P. Bupp
Emotional Labor In A Computer-Mediated Environment, Christa P. Bupp
Theses and Dissertations
As more organizations enter into a global economy, the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) becomes a necessary component for survival. However, the effects of CMC on employees and customers is still not well understood. Although research on work-related emotions has been flourishing in the last several years (Brief & Weiss, 2002), there have been relatively few studies done on emotions in a computer-mediated environment and even less done on emotional labor in a computer-mediated environment. The purpose of the present research is to examine emotional regulation strategies in a computer-mediated environment. Affective events theory (AET) is utilized as an overarching …
An Integrated Model Of Attitude Theory And Applicant Faking Behavior, Matthew Doyle Pita
An Integrated Model Of Attitude Theory And Applicant Faking Behavior, Matthew Doyle Pita
Theses and Dissertations
Applicant faking behavior (AFB) on personality measures has been a long-standing challenge for both researchers and practitioners. Applicant faking behavior is widely defined as a deceptive act that is intended to create a favorable impression (Goffin & Boyd, 2009). The research in this area has evolved with heightened focus on bolstering its theoretical foundation and establishing a consistent and effective operationalization of AFB. This research utilizes archival data from a within-subject design with a sample of job applicants; a procedure that has been recognized as the “gold standard” of the AFB literature (Ryan & Boyce, 2006). Structural Equation Modelling resulted …