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2022

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Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Vicarious Trauma Experienced By Human Trafficking Victim Service Providers, V'Hesspa Glenn Jan 2022

Vicarious Trauma Experienced By Human Trafficking Victim Service Providers, V'Hesspa Glenn

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Human trafficking involves the commercial exploitation of others for labor or sexual purposes and is underreported, underdetected, and underprosecuted. Vicarious trauma is described as negative reactions to working with individuals experiencing complex trauma and includes changes in helping professionals’ self and disruptions in cognitive schemas, identities, memories, and belief systems about others and the world. Many researchers have explored various aspects of human trafficking and secondary trauma in trauma-exposed helping professionals, but there is a dearth of qualitative literature that explored vicarious trauma in human trafficking victim service providers. The research question and purpose of this qualitative, interpretative phenomenological study …

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Impact Of Trauma On Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention Among Emergency Dispatchers, Sherrie Johnston Jan 2022

Impact Of Trauma On Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention Among Emergency Dispatchers, Sherrie Johnston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Emergency dispatchers in the United States are exposed to traumatic events, which may lead to a staffing shortage. Though it is well-established that decreased job satisfaction increases turnover intentions, little research investigates whether trauma impacts these constructs. Therefore, this quantitative non-experimental study was focused on whether education was a protective factor against posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and whether trauma moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention among emergency dispatchers. The relationship between vicarious trauma (VT) and PTSD among dispatchers was examined, and whether it is possible to predict PTSD among dispatchers based on VT, education level, and job …

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Emotional Intelligence And Gender As Predictors Of Infidelity Among Heterosexual, Monogamous Couples, Dina R. Schulsinger Jan 2022

Emotional Intelligence And Gender As Predictors Of Infidelity Among Heterosexual, Monogamous Couples, Dina R. Schulsinger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rate of families being impacted by divorce is high. Studies show that infidelity remains the number one cause of divorce or the dissolution of relationships; however, couples with a higher level of emotional intelligence (EI) have demonstrated a higher rate of marital satisfaction.The purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental study was to determine if gender, EI, ethnicity, and age, individually or in combination, can adequately predict infidelity among persons in committed, heterosexual, monogamous relationships. EI theory served as the theoretical foundation for this study. Using an online survey methodology, each participant answered four qualifying questions and, when qualified, took the …

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The Impact Of Behavioral Health Leaders On Psychiatrist Job Satisfaction And Retention, Lanae Ampersand Jan 2022

The Impact Of Behavioral Health Leaders On Psychiatrist Job Satisfaction And Retention, Lanae Ampersand

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Job satisfaction and retention of psychiatrists are essential for behavioral health organizations. As the recruitment of psychiatrists becomes more challenging, there is value for organizations to retain psychiatrists to remain competitive in the behavioral health field. Leadership plays a vital role in organizational culture and can impact turnover and retention of the organization’s workforce. This case study utilized the Baldrige Framework of Excellence to guide an organizational assessment for senior leadership of an urban health care facility in the United States. The assessment allowed the organization to understand leadership impact, areas where they can take personal ownership, factors contributing to …

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Staff Burnout And The Neglect Of Elderly Residents In Care, Stephanie Belveg Jan 2022

Staff Burnout And The Neglect Of Elderly Residents In Care, Stephanie Belveg

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is increasing concern about patient neglect in nursing homes as nursing home staff become burnt out. Although there has been research on burnout in nursing home staff and neglect, little research has been done to understand the specific connection of burnout and neglect through the lived experiences of staff members. Underpinned by Maslach’s theory of burnout, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of nursing home staff who experienced burnout before and after they witnessed neglect of elderly patients. Nine semistructured interviews were conducted with elderly care staff who had experienced burnout and witnessed …

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Identifying Interorganizational Leadership Barriers To Service Delivery Collaboration, Crystal L. Bonner Jan 2022

Identifying Interorganizational Leadership Barriers To Service Delivery Collaboration, Crystal L. Bonner

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mental healthcare is a primary focus for rural behavioral health nonprofit agencies. Often, multiple agencies have a similar purpose, client base, and sources of funding. In these situations, and especially in rural areas, interagency collaboration is critical for the organization's and stakeholders' success. This study examined the behavioral health leaders’ barriers to interagency collaboration and the perceived benefits of such cooperation. The Baldrige excellence framework grounded this case study and focused on the organizations' structures and leadership dynamics. Nine leaders within three nonprofit agencies served as the participants in this study. Secondary data included organizational records, website information, and an …

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Dispositional Joy As A Mediator Of Adverse Childhood Experiences And Parental Reflective Functioning, Mollie Brady Jan 2022

Dispositional Joy As A Mediator Of Adverse Childhood Experiences And Parental Reflective Functioning, Mollie Brady

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is a critical contributor to positive parenting outcomes. Early adverse experiences are a significant risk factor for insensitive parenting practices and poor PRF. Researchers have found that positive emotions, such as dispositional joy (DJ), influence both parenting outcomes and building resilience to stressful events. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), DJ, and PRF have been studied extensively in the literature as separate or paired constructs. However, to date, no studies have examined how these variables interact with each other. The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the relationship between ACEs, DJ, and PRF, and the mediating …

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Cluster Analysis Of Psychopathology, Drug Use, Drug And Alcohol Issues, Psychosocial Stressors, And Personal Demographics Of Adult Female Sex Offenders, Anne Cyr-Ashworth Jan 2022

Cluster Analysis Of Psychopathology, Drug Use, Drug And Alcohol Issues, Psychosocial Stressors, And Personal Demographics Of Adult Female Sex Offenders, Anne Cyr-Ashworth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the number and nature of clusters that emerged as common individual patterns across a set of psychopathology, drug use, drug and alcohol issues, psychosocial stressors, and personal demographics among adult female sexual offenders. A secondary purpose was to determine whether the resulting clusters were independent of characteristics of the offense and of the victim, and the relationship between the offender and victim. These data were analyzed and viewed through the lens of the attachment theory. This study used a nonexperimental correlational and static group comparison archival research designs and secondary analysis …

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Educational Level As A Moderator Between Stress And Suicidal Ideation Among Law Enforcement Officers, Sittipong Permsookjit Jan 2022

Educational Level As A Moderator Between Stress And Suicidal Ideation Among Law Enforcement Officers, Sittipong Permsookjit

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Law enforcement officers are exposed to occupation-related stress at a level greater than any other occupation, save war combatants, such stress can lead to suicidal ideation. There is a growing trend of suicidal ideation among law enforcement officers. This trend will threaten the stability of society if it is allowed to continue. Educational level has been shown to improve quality of life and is considered a quantitative resource. Using the theoretical framework of appraisal theory, this study’s purpose was to examine the moderating effects of educational level on stress and suicidal ideation among law enforcement officers. A total of 72 …

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A Phenomenological Exploration Of Young Adults Who Self-Identify With Primary Complex Motor Stereotypies, Vanja Maria Popovic Jan 2022

A Phenomenological Exploration Of Young Adults Who Self-Identify With Primary Complex Motor Stereotypies, Vanja Maria Popovic

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Primary complex motor stereotypies (p-CMS) are repetitive, rhythmic, and predictable involuntary movements which occur in typically developing individuals. To date, research has focused on observational data involving parents, leaving a lack of first-hand information about the effect of p-CMS on experiencers’ quality of life and wellbeing in adulthood. This phenomenological study, grounded in Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, explored lived experiences of six young adults, ages 21 to 29 years, who self-identified with p-CMS, through in-depth telephone and Zoom interviews. I aimed to answer how p-CMS affected participants in academic, work, and social settings, what meaning participants assigned to their p-CMS, and …

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The Role Of Childhood Abuse In Subsequent Event-Level Risky Sexual Behavior And Substance Use, Megan C. Kennedy Jan 2022

The Role Of Childhood Abuse In Subsequent Event-Level Risky Sexual Behavior And Substance Use, Megan C. Kennedy

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Childhood abuse is widespread and associated with negative consequences including mental illness, revictimization, substance use, and impaired functioning. Emotion dysregulation is a possible explanation for the relationship between childhood abuse and subsequent outcomes. Potential pathways between childhood abuse history, risky sexual behavior, and substance use have been explored, with evidence for use of sex and substances to avoid negative affectivity associated with greater risky sexual behavior and substance use. Risky sexual behavior (RSB) is defined as any behavior that places individuals at greater risk for negative outcomes and often include condomless sex, substance use prior to or during sex, and …

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Exploring Vestibular/Ocular And Cognitive Dysfunction As Prognostic Factors For Protracted Recovery In Sports-Related Concussion Patients Aged 8 To 12 Years, August Price, Gregory Knell, Todd Caze, John Abt, Dustin Loveland, Scott Burkhart Jan 2022

Exploring Vestibular/Ocular And Cognitive Dysfunction As Prognostic Factors For Protracted Recovery In Sports-Related Concussion Patients Aged 8 To 12 Years, August Price, Gregory Knell, Todd Caze, John Abt, Dustin Loveland, Scott Burkhart

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Objective: To explore the prognostic ability of the vestibular/ocular motor screening (VOMS), King–Devick (K-D) Test, and C3 Logix Trails A and B to identify protracted recovery from sports-related concussion (SRC) in patients aged 8 to 12 years. Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Setting: Specialty pediatric sports concussion clinic. Participants: A total of 114 youth athletes aged 8 to 12 years who were diagnosed with an SRC within 7 days of injury. Independent Variables: A positive screen on the VOMS, K-D, and C3 Logix Trails A and Trails B. Combined positive screens on multiple tests (ie, 2, 3, or all 4 positive …

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Satanists’ Sexual Self-Concept, Samuel Danielson Jan 2022

Satanists’ Sexual Self-Concept, Samuel Danielson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The present study examines sexuality within an international sample (n = 908) of modern Satanists. Sociodemographic and religious data from this sample are provided. Frequencies of Satanists’ engagement in different sexual behaviors are also explored. Furthermore, two aspects of Satanists’ sexual self-concept, sexual self-esteem and sexual anxiety, are assessed along with these variables’ relationships with the strength of Satanists’ group identity and the length of time identifying as a Satanist. Results indicate that the strength of Satanists’ identity impacts both their sexual self-esteem and sexual anxiety. Limitations and directions for future research on Satanism and sexuality are discussed.

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Examining The Effects Of An Online Group Social Skills Program On Emotion Regulation Skills For Adolescents And Young Adults With An Autism Spectrum Disorder, Breanna Perron Jan 2022

Examining The Effects Of An Online Group Social Skills Program On Emotion Regulation Skills For Adolescents And Young Adults With An Autism Spectrum Disorder, Breanna Perron

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Difficulties with emotion regulation and social skills have been identified as core deficits for individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (Turcotte et al., 2016). These deficits have been shown to lead to a multitude of social consequences and difficulties across the lifespan when unaddressed (Shattuck et al., 2011). Therefore, it is vital to establish effective interventions to teach the skills necessary to combat those deficits. The present study uses a behavioral skills training model to teach emotion regulation online using video modeling. The results provide potential support for increasing emotion regulation through the teaching of social skills. There were also …

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Investigating The Effectiveness Of The Positive Reinforcement Components Of Tootling, Kennedi J. Alstead Jan 2022

Investigating The Effectiveness Of The Positive Reinforcement Components Of Tootling, Kennedi J. Alstead

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Disruptive behavior in the classroom can have a negative impact on students’ academic and social outcomes. Additionally, teachers have expressed difficulty with implementing class-wide behavioral interventions that address this problem. Tootling is a class-wide, positive behavioral intervention that has been shown to increase prosocial behavior and academic engagement, as well as decreasing disruptive behavior in the classroom. Tootling is derived from another form of positive peer reporting and is considered the opposite of tattling. In tootling, students report on their peers’ prosocial behaviors. This intervention has multiple components that assist in its effectiveness. Specifically, there are three components with aspects …

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Independence, Weight And Priority Of Evidence For Sentience, Elizabeth Irvine Jan 2022

Independence, Weight And Priority Of Evidence For Sentience, Elizabeth Irvine

Animal Sentience

This commentary maps out relationships of dependency between the criteria proposed in the target article (Crump et al. 2022), identifying the criteria that carry most of the weight of the evidence, and suggesting which criteria should have priority in research on sentience.

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Sentience In Decapods: Difficulties To Surmount, Michael L. Woodruff Jan 2022

Sentience In Decapods: Difficulties To Surmount, Michael L. Woodruff

Animal Sentience

In the target article Crump et al. present 8 criteria to assess whether decapods experience pain. Four of these -- sensory integration, motivational trade-offs, flexible self-protection, and associative learning -- could be used to assess sentience in general. In this commentary I discuss difficulties with using these criteria to provide evidence of sentience in decapods, particularly if this evidence is to change public opinion and policies. These difficulties are lack of evidence, the potential to eventually explain the neurobiological basis of the behaviors chosen as criteria, thereby eliminating any explanatory work for sentience, and the reluctance to bring animals that …

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Sentience As Part Of Emotional Lives, Frans B. M. De Waal Jan 2022

Sentience As Part Of Emotional Lives, Frans B. M. De Waal

Animal Sentience

It is high time to explore the sentience of invertebrate animals, but this topic cannot be discussed without also exploring their emotional lives, including positive emotions. Sentience probably evolved to allow the regulation of emotions by endowing them with feelings.

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A Framework For Evaluating Evidence Of Pain In Animals, Matilda Gibbons, Lars Chittka Jan 2022

A Framework For Evaluating Evidence Of Pain In Animals, Matilda Gibbons, Lars Chittka

Animal Sentience

Crump et al. define eight criteria indicating sentience in animals, with a focus on pain. Here, we point out the risk of false negative or false positive diagnoses of pain. Criteria of different levels of inclusivity are useful for using the precautionary principle in animal welfare considerations, and for more formal scientific evidence of pain. We suggest tightening the criteria -- from more general evidence of sentience to pain alone -- because crucial evidence for animal welfare decisions might otherwise be missed for animals subjected to invasive and injurious procedures.

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Pros And Cons Of A Framework For Evaluating Potential Pain In Decapods, Robert W. Elwood Jan 2022

Pros And Cons Of A Framework For Evaluating Potential Pain In Decapods, Robert W. Elwood

Animal Sentience

The rigorous framework for research into potential pain in decapods was successful in allowing legislators in the United Kingdom to evaluate a complex scientific issue. However, it might produce problems for research. I discuss doubts about the usefulness of the eight criteria. Some have yet to receive any investigation and others do not allow much inference about pain. In addition, some existing studies are not covered in the framework. Most worrying, however, is the potential for stifling future research of novel areas that are excluded from the framework.

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Animal Sentience Research: Synthesis And Proposals, Andrew Crump, Heather Browning, Alex Schnell, Charlotte Burn, Jonathan Birch Jan 2022

Animal Sentience Research: Synthesis And Proposals, Andrew Crump, Heather Browning, Alex Schnell, Charlotte Burn, Jonathan Birch

Animal Sentience

Most commentaries on our target article broadly support our approach to evaluating evidence of animal sentience. In this Response, we clarify the framework’s purpose and address criticisms of our criteria. A recurring theme is that a framework to synthesise current evidence of sentience is not the same as an agenda for future directions in animal sentience research. Although future directions are valuable, our framework aims to evaluate existing evidence and inform animal welfare legislation.

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Coaching Pre-Service Aba Students To Correctly Respond To Challenging Behaviors During A Functional Analysis, Gabrielle Lonnemann Jan 2022

Coaching Pre-Service Aba Students To Correctly Respond To Challenging Behaviors During A Functional Analysis, Gabrielle Lonnemann

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

As Board Certified Behavior Analysts, we are responsible for training and implementing a variety of skills including a functional analysis. Bug in Ear teaching is an effective way to teach a variety of skills to a variety of professionals in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), as well as related fields. This study examined the effectiveness of using a Bug in Ear treatment package to teach preservice ABA masters students how to implement a functional analysis with isolated contingencies. This study suggests that the BIE treatment package may be an effective approach to teaching pre-service ABA students how to conduct a functional …

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Happiness – Concept, Measurement And Promotion, Yew Kwang Ng Jan 2022

Happiness – Concept, Measurement And Promotion, Yew Kwang Ng

eBooks

While interests in issues pertaining to happiness have been long-standing, we have witnessed recently an increasing focus by both scholars and members of the general public. ‘Subjective well-being (SWB) is an extremely active area of research with about 170,000 articles and books published on the topic in the past 15 years’ (Diener et al. 2018, Abstract). Not only psychologists (e.g. Kahneman et al. 1999, Diener et al. 2010, 2018) and sociologists (e.g. Veenhoven 1984, 1993, 2010, 2017), but also economists have made substantial investigations.1 After about 2–3 decades of gestation since the first publication on happiness issues by an economist …

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Infant Motor Development Predicts The Dynamics Of Movement During Sleep, Aaron Demasi, Melissa N. Horger, Anat Scher, Sarah E. Berger Jan 2022

Infant Motor Development Predicts The Dynamics Of Movement During Sleep, Aaron Demasi, Melissa N. Horger, Anat Scher, Sarah E. Berger

Publications and Research

The characteristics of infant sleep change over the first year. Generally, infants wake and move less at night as they grow older. However, acquisition of new motor skills leads to temporary increases in night waking and movement at night. Indeed, sleep-dependent movement at night is important for sensorimotor development. Nevertheless, little is known about how movement during sleep changes as infants accrue locomotor experience. The current study investigated whether infant sleep and movement during sleep were predicted by infants' walking experience. Seventy-eight infants wore an actigraph to measure physical activity during sleep. Parents reported when their infants first walked across …

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Ecological Predictors Of Sexual Well-Being In Women, Rachel Goutman Jan 2022

Ecological Predictors Of Sexual Well-Being In Women, Rachel Goutman

Wayne State University Dissertations

Previous research has shown that female sexuality continues to be suppressed in American society and as a result, women are not achieving their highest levels of sexual well-being (i.e., sexual self-concept, sexual assertiveness, and sexual satisfaction). Because sexual well-being is imperative to overall well-being, it is important for counseling psychologists to be sensitive to the potential role that ecological variables have on women’s current sexual well-being. Utilizing an ecological framework, the aims of this study were to deepen our understanding of how early life microsystem experiences relate to later sexual well-being in women, to assess how current macrosystem experiences of …

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Investigation On How Access To Insurance And Different Mental Health Services Impact Stigmatized Beliefs On Mental Health, Ashley Rossi, Barbie Hubner, Jordan Sferrazza Jan 2022

Investigation On How Access To Insurance And Different Mental Health Services Impact Stigmatized Beliefs On Mental Health, Ashley Rossi, Barbie Hubner, Jordan Sferrazza

The Graduate Review

The current study aimed to investigate how access to insurance impacts mental health-related stigma and help-seeking attitudes, along with public and self-stigmatized views on seeking professional mental health services. Participants (N = 192) were recruited via Bridgewater State University Student Announcements and through convenience sampling. Individuals completed a survey consisting of five self-created questions and three different scales related to insurance coverage, mental health services, stigma, and help-seeking attitudes. We expected to find those with public insurance coverage would have higher self-stigmatized beliefs and lower help-seeking attitudes, but this hypothesis was not supported. We also expected that those with …

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Childhood Sexual Abuse In Boys Under The Age Of 18: Nonverbal Disclosure Patterns Through Behavior, Matthew J. Luz Jan 2022

Childhood Sexual Abuse In Boys Under The Age Of 18: Nonverbal Disclosure Patterns Through Behavior, Matthew J. Luz

The Graduate Review

Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) include being exposed to or victimized by physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; if left untreated, traumas may disrupt normative biopsychosocial development. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a phenomenon investigated by many researchers, however, the scientific community suspects CSA in boys is underreported. Since there are significant gender differences in CSA verbal disclosures, examining nonverbal disclosures in boys through overt, sexualized behaviors may help clinicians confirm suspected cases of CSA. Since most research investigates verbal disclosures of sexual abuse, this study will investigate nonverbal disclosure in boys between the ages of 6 through 10 using naturalistic observations …

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Observing The Relationship Between Health Locus Of Control And Help-Seeking Attitudes: A Multicultural Perspective, Jaymmy Cruz Matias, Erica A. English, Alan J. Stamper Jan 2022

Observing The Relationship Between Health Locus Of Control And Help-Seeking Attitudes: A Multicultural Perspective, Jaymmy Cruz Matias, Erica A. English, Alan J. Stamper

The Graduate Review

Prior research has suggested that race/ethnicity and health locus of control (LOC) have an impact on mental health help-seeking attitudes. We investigated the relationship between these variables by administering a survey to 197 participants. We also explored the relationship between passive or active spiritual LOC and help-seeking attitudes. We found that White participants were more likely to seek out psychological help from primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and other mental health professionals compared to all other ethnic groups, which supported our second hypothesis. Also, all other ethnic groups were more likely to seek out spiritual help for psychological issues compared to …

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Practical Femininity: The Student Development Of Legally Blonde’S Elle Woods, Elizabeth S. Rodericks Jan 2022

Practical Femininity: The Student Development Of Legally Blonde’S Elle Woods, Elizabeth S. Rodericks

The Graduate Review

College experiences often involve challenges that can provide the impetus for personal and professional growth. Likewise, Elle Woods of the film Legally Blonde undergoes multiple significant changes in her sense of identity, morality, and ability to take charge of her own life after she is forced to radically change her perspective and priorities. This paper covers her development as a law student and individual according to the student development theories of Chickering’s Seven Vectors of Identity Development, Gilligan’s Theory of Women’s Moral Development, and Baxter Magolda’s Self-Authorship Theory. As a result of her growth, Elle Woods flourishes into a confident, …

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Stigma And Criminalization Of Mental Health In An Inpatient Versus Jail Setting, Zachary C. B. Dumay, Jessica T. Harnais, Christina M. Cerminara Jan 2022

Stigma And Criminalization Of Mental Health In An Inpatient Versus Jail Setting, Zachary C. B. Dumay, Jessica T. Harnais, Christina M. Cerminara

The Graduate Review

Stigmatization is the perceived, negative stereotype assigned to a group of individuals. This stigmatization has contributed to the criminalization of mental health, meaning that individuals with mental health issues are more likely to be arrested for behaviors that are not criminal. This project examines mental health stigma toward an individual in a psychiatric setting and a correctional setting. We hypothesized that when reading a vignette about an individual experiencing a mental health crisis, participants will stigmatize them more if they are incarcerated than if they are in a psychiatric facility. Results showed that participants exhibited a higher level of discrimination …

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