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2003

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Articles 571 - 600 of 707

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Ethical And Legal Standards For Research In Prisons, Karen C. Kalmbach, Phillip M. Lyons Jan 2003

Ethical And Legal Standards For Research In Prisons, Karen C. Kalmbach, Phillip M. Lyons

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Biobehavioral research, especially that which is conducted with prisoners, has become much more closely regulated in the last 30 years. State and federal law, as well as professional standards, regulate the conduct of many types of research; in the case of prisoners, this regulation is even more stringent. However, currently no mandatory, uniform, national regulatory or oversight process exists, and many privately funded research endeavors are operating in a regulatory void. In response to this, the National Bioethics Advisory Commission has argued for the creation of a single, national, independent regulatory body to oversee all human participant research, regardless of …

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Gender Differences Of College Students And Pathological Gambling, Richard Clyde Vantreece Jan 2003

Gender Differences Of College Students And Pathological Gambling, Richard Clyde Vantreece

Theses

Gender differences among college students and pathological gambling have been studied in the past by various researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate which gender was more likely to be at risk for a pathological gambling disorder. This population is interesting for the purpose of this study because the majority of pathological gamblers report beginning this habit in adolescence. Fifty college students were selected from the Human Subject Research Pool Department. Students completed a demographic sheet and the South Oaks Gambling Screen. T-tests were done to compare the differences among the genders. The results showed no significant difference …

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Depression, Anxiety, And Locus Of Control In Asthmatic Women, Elizabeth Ann Seebode Jan 2003

Depression, Anxiety, And Locus Of Control In Asthmatic Women, Elizabeth Ann Seebode

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Perceptions Of Selected New Jersey Superintendents On The Role Of Administrative Experi Ence In The Hiring And Selection Of Elementary Principals, Drucilla W. Clark Jan 2003

Perceptions Of Selected New Jersey Superintendents On The Role Of Administrative Experi Ence In The Hiring And Selection Of Elementary Principals, Drucilla W. Clark

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Predicting Performance Of Law Enforcement Personnel Using The Candidate And Officer Personnel Survey And Other Psychological Measures, Matthew Guller Jan 2003

Predicting Performance Of Law Enforcement Personnel Using The Candidate And Officer Personnel Survey And Other Psychological Measures, Matthew Guller

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Project Peace Revisited: An Evaluation Of A Violence Prevention Program For East Coast Adolescents, Sophia L. Kary Jan 2003

Project Peace Revisited: An Evaluation Of A Violence Prevention Program For East Coast Adolescents, Sophia L. Kary

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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An Assessment Of The Level Of Job Satisfaction Of Middle School Teachers From Selected Affluent Suburban Public School Districts In Essex County, New Jersey, Anthony V. Lanzo Jan 2003

An Assessment Of The Level Of Job Satisfaction Of Middle School Teachers From Selected Affluent Suburban Public School Districts In Essex County, New Jersey, Anthony V. Lanzo

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Effect Of Post-Marital Co-Habitation With In-Laws On Level Of Acculturation And Marital Satisfaction Of Chinese American Women, Louisa F. Lam Jan 2003

The Effect Of Post-Marital Co-Habitation With In-Laws On Level Of Acculturation And Marital Satisfaction Of Chinese American Women, Louisa F. Lam

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Influence Of Ethnic Identity, Gender And Trait Anxiety On Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy For White And Racial/Ethnic Minority Students, Maureen G. Creagh-Kaiser Jan 2003

The Influence Of Ethnic Identity, Gender And Trait Anxiety On Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy For White And Racial/Ethnic Minority Students, Maureen G. Creagh-Kaiser

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Self-Esteem: Women In Relationships, Sandra Lee Stanislowsky Jan 2003

Self-Esteem: Women In Relationships, Sandra Lee Stanislowsky

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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What Archetypes Of Representation Do Children Between The Ages Of Four And Seven Employ When Creating Route Maps Of Familiar Interior Spaces?, Christine G. Price Jan 2003

What Archetypes Of Representation Do Children Between The Ages Of Four And Seven Employ When Creating Route Maps Of Familiar Interior Spaces?, Christine G. Price

Educational Studies Dissertations

This study investigated the symbols of representation young children choose to incorporate when they draw route maps of familiar interior spaces, based on the premise that development of map-making skills might unfold in much the same stage-like manner as the development of the ability to draw the human figure. In this investigation, children between the ages of 4 and 7 enrolled in a small independent elementary school were each asked to draw a map showing the route a person unfamiliar to the school would take to travel from the child's classroom to the school gymnasium. Strategies during map-making were noted; …

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Management Of Agitation In Individuals With Dementia: An Animal-Assisted Therapy Approach, Karen L. Tanner Jan 2003

Management Of Agitation In Individuals With Dementia: An Animal-Assisted Therapy Approach, Karen L. Tanner

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Dementia is not a natural and normal part of aging, but rather a symptom of a disease process. Most individuals with dementia experience emotional distress or behavioral problems best summed up by the term agitation. Approximately 90% of individuals with dementing illnesses demonstrate problem behaviors ranging from repetitive verbalizations and wandering to verbal and physical aggression toward self or others. Each evening thousands of older adults in the community and in institutions become agitated, restless, and confused and begin to wander about or scream. This phenomenon is referred to as sundown syndrome, since it occurs in the evening hours after …

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Semantic Role Parsing: Adding Semantic Structure To Unstructured Text, Sameer Pradhan, K. Hacioglu, W. Ward, James H. Martin, D. Jurafsky Jan 2003

Semantic Role Parsing: Adding Semantic Structure To Unstructured Text, Sameer Pradhan, K. Hacioglu, W. Ward, James H. Martin, D. Jurafsky

Psychological Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

There is an ever-growing need to add structure in the form of semantic markup to the huge amounts of unstructured text data now available. We present the technique of shallow semantic parsing, the process of assigning a simple WHO did WHAT to WHOM, etc., structure to sentences in text, as a useful tool in achieving this goal. We formulate the semantic parsing problem as a classification problem using support vector machines. Using a hand-labeled training set and a set of features drawn from earlier work together with some feature enhancements, we demonstrate a system that performs better than all other …

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Barriers To Adherence In A Free Medication Program For Low Income Individual With Type 2 Diabetes, Bhrett A. Mccabe Jan 2003

Barriers To Adherence In A Free Medication Program For Low Income Individual With Type 2 Diabetes, Bhrett A. Mccabe

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Diabetes self-management and treatment require significant patient involvement to maintain appropriate glucose control. Glucose control is directly related to adherence to a variety of regimens, of which medication adherence may be most important. Unfortunately, adherence to these regimens has been quite poor. Among low income patients, the strongest reason given for medication nonadherence has been the cost associated with purchasing medication. In 1999, the Louisiana State University Health Care Services Division instituted a free medication program for low income individuals with chronic illnesses, including diabetes. Despite removing this strongest barrier to adherence among low income patients, initial data from this …

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Further Validation Of The Child Routines Inventory (Cri): Relationship To Parenting Practices, Maternal Distress, And Child Externalizing Behavior, Sara Sytsma Jordan Jan 2003

Further Validation Of The Child Routines Inventory (Cri): Relationship To Parenting Practices, Maternal Distress, And Child Externalizing Behavior, Sara Sytsma Jordan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The importance of establishing predictable routines during early childhood has been consistently emphasized by parenting experts in the popular press, despite limited empirical study or understanding of their relationship to child behavior. The lack of research may be partially due to a lack of instruments suitable for measuring children’s routines. The Child Routines Inventory (CRI) was developed as an empirically based parent-report measure of commonly occurring routines in school-aged children. Since its development, the CRI has demonstrated moderate correlations with related constructs, including family routines, child behavior problems, parenting stress, and maternal depression. However, child routines have not been evaluated …

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Mediators Of Weight Loss In An Internet-Based Intervention For African American Adolescent Girls, Marney A. White Jan 2003

Mediators Of Weight Loss In An Internet-Based Intervention For African American Adolescent Girls, Marney A. White

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The primary aim of this study was to assess the process variables involved in a weight loss program for African-American adolescent girls. This internet-based intervention compared a behavioral treatment program to an educational treatment program; it was hypothesized that participants randomized to the behavioral condition would lose more weight at 6 months than those in the educational condition. Several process variables have been identified as affecting success in in vivo weight loss programs for adults and children, including program adherence, self-efficacy, and social support. The current study sought to broaden the understanding of these process variables as they pertain to …

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The Nature Of Trust: Conceptual And Operational Clarification, Donna M. Romano Jan 2003

The Nature Of Trust: Conceptual And Operational Clarification, Donna M. Romano

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The importance of trust in working relationships is widely acknowledged among organizational researchers and practitioners. Unfortunately, trust is defined and measured differently across studies, making it difficult to integrate and compare research findings. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to clarify the nature of trust as it exists across research and organizational settings. First, trust was conceptualized in terms of 10 defining characteristics based on a convergence and reconciliation of inconsistencies among existing definitions. These 10 characteristics of trust were incorporated into a single definition of trust to offer a more comprehensive description of the construct. Second, the Functional …

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A Path Analysis Of Binge Eating And Obesity In African Americans: Acculturation, Racism, Emotional Distress, Binge Eating, Body Dissatisfaction, Attitudes Towards Obesity, Dietary Restraint, Dietary Fat Intake, And Physical Activity, Joy Rose Kohlmaier Jan 2003

A Path Analysis Of Binge Eating And Obesity In African Americans: Acculturation, Racism, Emotional Distress, Binge Eating, Body Dissatisfaction, Attitudes Towards Obesity, Dietary Restraint, Dietary Fat Intake, And Physical Activity, Joy Rose Kohlmaier

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test a general stress-related health behavior model as it applied to binge eating and obesity in African Americans using path analysis. Acculturation, racism, emotional distress, binge eating, and obesity were among the variables related to this theory, and included in the model. Other variables that have been implicated in the study of obesity in African Americans were also included, such as; lack of body dissatisfaction, accepting attitudes towards obesity, decreased dietary restraint, increased dietary fat intake and decreased physical activity. The study sample was 325 African Americans, including 187 females with a mean …

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The Perception Of Harmony In Combinations Of Blinking Visual Stimuli., Katharine Tepe, Donald J. Polzella, Greg C. Elvers Jan 2003

The Perception Of Harmony In Combinations Of Blinking Visual Stimuli., Katharine Tepe, Donald J. Polzella, Greg C. Elvers

Psychology Faculty Publications

Research on the perception of musical harmony indicates that combinations of tones tend to be judged consonant when their respective frequencies are reducible to simple ratios. This phenomenon was studied in the visual mode by using combinations of two blinking lights as stimuli. Eight, two-light combinations were created whose frequency ratios corresponded to those of eight common musical intervals, e.g., octave, fifth. In a pair comparison task, participants judged which one of two, two-light combinations appeared more harmonious or blended. The judgments were compared to those obtained from studies of musical harmony by regressing the scaled auditory preferences onto the …

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Development Of Children's Knowledge About The Mind, John H. Flavell Jan 2003

Development Of Children's Knowledge About The Mind, John H. Flavell

Heinz Werner Lectures

An Overview of Theory-of-Mind Development, Development of Intuitions About Mental Experiences

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Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Southeastern University Jan 2003

Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Sounteastern University Jan 2003

Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Sounteastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes With And Without Response Cost In Impoverished Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea Nichole Jurbergs Jan 2003

Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes With And Without Response Cost In Impoverished Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea Nichole Jurbergs

LSU Master's Theses

Daily report cards and punishment have proven to be effective methods of classroom behavior management. However, treatment effectiveness studies have not been designed to adequately compare the effects of rewarding and punishing consequences on behavior through a school-home note. The study of school-home note treatment effectiveness has focused on middle-class students with behavior problems; both ADHD and disadvantaged populations have been underresearched. Using a reversal, alternating treatments design, the present study will examine the effectiveness of a response-cost system added to school-home notes for increasing classwork completion and appropriate classroom behavior in several disadvantaged elementary school children with ADHD.

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Goal Orientation And Feedback Sign As Predictors Of Changes In Motivation And Performance, Erin Michele Richard Jan 2003

Goal Orientation And Feedback Sign As Predictors Of Changes In Motivation And Performance, Erin Michele Richard

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined the dimensions of goal orientation as moderators of the effects of feedback sign on changes in self-efficacy, effort, and performance over time. In general, the effect of feedback sign on changes in self-efficacy, effort, and performance was hypothesized to be strong for individuals high on performance goal orientation (PGO) and weak for individuals high on learning goal orientation (LGO). Participants completed several performance blocks of an implicit learning task that required individuals to control the temperature of a simulated chemical reactor. Participants were given manipulated normative feedback after each trial. Self-efficacy, effort, and performance were assessed at …

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Heavy Smokers Choose Large, Immediate Rewards With Large Penalties On A Simulated Task Of Gambling, Michael Shawn Businelle Jan 2003

Heavy Smokers Choose Large, Immediate Rewards With Large Penalties On A Simulated Task Of Gambling, Michael Shawn Businelle

LSU Master's Theses

The Gambling Task is a complex neuropsychological test (in the form of a card game) that examines the ability of individuals to assess potential immediate gains over long-term losses. Gambling Task performance has been examined in previous studies with individuals who are dependent on alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamine. These studies have shown that those who are dependent on the aforementioned substances perform more poorly on the Gambling Task than controls. Specifically, in relation to controls, drug/alcohol dependent individuals show impairment by tending to pick more cards that have large immediate gains and very large delayed punishers. The delayed punisher …

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An Evaluation Of Distributed Practice Using Constant Time Delay In The Acquisition Of Sight Words With Children, Kashunda Lynn Williams Jan 2003

An Evaluation Of Distributed Practice Using Constant Time Delay In The Acquisition Of Sight Words With Children, Kashunda Lynn Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Although, distributed practice has been demonstrated to be superior to massed practice for learning, studies examining the degree of distribution needed to obtain this effect remain lacking. This study extends prior research by (1) determining if there is a difference in distributed practice schedules, when the total time to practice remains constant, (2) determining which schedule produces the superior amount of learning, and (3) determining which schedule produces superior retention of learned materials across time. Study participants were general education elementary school students referred for reading assistance. The constant time delay procedure was used to teach the participants sight words. …

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The Impact Of Parents' Implementation Of A Structured Parent Reading Program On Their Children's Reading Fluency, Jennifer Luella Resetar Jan 2003

The Impact Of Parents' Implementation Of A Structured Parent Reading Program On Their Children's Reading Fluency, Jennifer Luella Resetar

LSU Master's Theses

This study investigated the effectiveness of a method of parent training and parent reading tutoring that built on past research. Parents of five first grade children, who were reading below grade level, participated. Parents were trained to implement a three-week tutoring procedure that included modeling, practice, phonics, fluency, accuracy, comprehension, and reinforcement components. According to permanent product examination, parent intervention implementation never fell below 82% integrity. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to analyze results. According to visual analysis, four of the five children showed significant gains in words correct per minute on tutored reading passages. There was …

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Factors Influencing The Effects Of Realistic Job Previews On Applicant Judgments Of Organizational Attractiveness, Natalie Trask Bourgeois Jan 2003

Factors Influencing The Effects Of Realistic Job Previews On Applicant Judgments Of Organizational Attractiveness, Natalie Trask Bourgeois

LSU Master's Theses

Realistic job previews (RJPs) involve the presentation of both positive and negative job attributes to job applicants. Although several researchers have studied effects of RJPs on satisfaction, turnover, and performance, comparatively less research has focused on the effects of RJPs on attraction. This study extends previous RJP research by sampling both students who are education majors and currently employed teachers. It compared their ratings of attraction to organizations represented by an RJP or a traditional job preview (TJP). In addition, both teachers and education students completed a measure of negative affectivity (NA). Contrary to expectations, results of this study showed …

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Toward Validation Of The Sports Behavior Checklist: A Comparison Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Control Group Children In A Sports Environment, Aaron Clendenin Jan 2003

Toward Validation Of The Sports Behavior Checklist: A Comparison Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Control Group Children In A Sports Environment, Aaron Clendenin

LSU Master's Theses

Data from participants (N = 124) was entered into a principal components analysis to test the factor structure of the Sports Behavior Checklist ([SBC] Johnson & Rosen, 2000). The subscales of the SBC were correlated with relevant subscales of the Conners'- Revised Parent Form ( Conners, 1997) and Social Skills Rating System (Gresham & Elliott, 1990). Both of these analyses were conducted to determine the construct validity of the instrument. Additionally, a subsample (N = 92) of low socioeconomic status individuals was used to compare groups of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (n = 49) and non-clinical (n = 43) children on the …

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The Relationship Of Feeding Problems With The Use Of Antiepileptic Medication Among Persons With Severe And Profound Mental Retardation, Rinita B. Laud Jan 2003

The Relationship Of Feeding Problems With The Use Of Antiepileptic Medication Among Persons With Severe And Profound Mental Retardation, Rinita B. Laud

LSU Master's Theses

Epilepsy and/or seizure activity are frequently occurring phenomena and a significant co-morbid condition for persons with severe to profound intellectual disability (Burke, McKee, Pathak, Donahue, Parasuraman & Baltenhorst, 1999). The majority of seizure activity leads to deficits across a number of social, physical,occupational, and personal variables, and if left untreated, may lead to death in these individuals. The treatment of this condition frequently utilizes anti-epileptic medication, but these medications are often associated with a variety of side effects such as dental complications and disturbed gait. Previous researchers have suggested that these side effects may be manifested in forms of maladaptive …

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