Psychology Commons^™

A Comparative Survey Of Job Prospects For The Period 1991-1996, Matthew C. Bell, Adam S. Goodie

Psychology

How discouraging is the job market for young scientists these days? It seems that most scientists who have tried to land a job in· recent years can tell you, unambiguously, "Very." Are prospects bleaker for some experimental psychologists than for others? To us, it subjectively seemed so. In an effort to answer this question more rigorously. we analyzed issues of the APS Observer Employment Bulletin, published by the American Psychological Society, from 1991-1996. Admittedly, the number of classified ads for jobs in a specific category is only one index of the job prospects for that category, but it is a …

On The Contribution Of Deficient Cognitive Control To Memory Impairment In Depression, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

Research on cognitive biases in depression suggests that deficient control of attention underlies impairments in memory for emotionally neutral events. Such impairments might result from general difficulties in focusing and sustaining attention, specific and habitual priorities to attend to matters of personal concern, or both. This paper considers these alternative means of impairment in the context of a review of selected theories and findings; a test of the framework is illustrated; and related considerations are discussed.

The Abled, Disabled, And Enabled: Is Seeing The Difference A Learning Disability Or Merely A Crime?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies many of the Issues underlying the controversy over providing special accommodations for people who state that they have learning disabilities.

Trends. Bahtmen To The Rescue: A Psychology Of Altruism In Thailand, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author examines the Thai financial system billion dollar rescue in terms of altruism vs. egoism.

How Not To Prevent Oil Crises: Challenge For An Education President, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes several problematic approaches that are components of lay psychology.

Special Report From The Ibpp Notional Archives: Sun Tzu's Perspective On Operation Desert Storm In 1992, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses some of the tenets of Operation DESERT STORM in a special report.

Sexual Misconduct And Personnel Management, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This paper describes how organizations might best understand and employ the concept of sexual misconduct.

Trends. The Imf, The World Bank, And Throwing The Scoundrels Out: Who Are The Scoundrels?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the ins and outs of the IMF and World Bank.

Globalization And Enmeshment: Implications For Foreign Policy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article posits that national strategies of self-harm may become more adaptive in a world of increasing globalization.

Equilibration, Assimilation, And Accommodation As Substrates Of Racism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article posits several psychological processes contributing to the inevitability of racism.

Trends. Cognitive Complexity, Moral Complexity, And Foreign Policy: Commonalities Between President Suharto And William Weld, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the

cognitive and moral complexities, and foreign policy commonalities between President Suharto and William Weld.

Parent And Teacher Perceptions Of Student Teacher Assistance Teams, Laura Dinning

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The Student Teacher Assistance Team (STAT) method is one form of prereferral intervention that involves the problem-solving of teachers and other school professionals with the goal of obtaining more efficient and effective help for students in the regular education setting. After an examination of the research in the area of prereferral interventions, it was noted that few research studies mentioned parents' involvement in and none were found assessing parents' perceptions of the process. This study examines both parent and teacher perceptions of student teacher assistance teams (STATs) in a small rural county in Kentucky. Participants in the study involved 44 …

Life In Captivity: Its Lack Of Opportunities For Variable Behaviour, Françoise Wemelsfelder

Zoos and Aquariums Collection

No abstract provided.

The Application Of Leadership Skills By Managers, Supervisors, And Group Leaders In A Small Manufacturing Company: Self-Management As A Transfer Of Training Method, Jason Chadwell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if training in self-management principles would enhance the transfer of training in leadership skills to the work setting. Managers, supervisors, and group leaders of a small manufacturing company served as the participants for the study. Two training groups were formed, one which received training in leadership skills only and another which received training in leadership skills and self-management. Prior to and after training all participants completed a learning measure and were rated by subordinates, peers, and/or supervisors on the demonstration of leadership skills on the job. Results showed that training significantly increased …

Methods And Techniques Of Training Social Competency In Head Start, Kimberly Ely

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study was conducted to determine Kentucky Head Start teachers' perceptions about fostering social competency in preschool children. In addition, current techniques that teachers use to enhance social competency in students were examined. Information was gathered through a survey mailed to Head Start teachers in Kentucky. Of the 208 surveys mailed, 59 were returned. The majority of the respondents had a Child Development Associate degree and had been teaching for an average of nine years. Results of this study indicated Head Start teachers strongly agreed to the importance of teaching social competency, and the teachers agreed it should be a …

Effects Of Linear And Non-Linear Incentive Pay Systems With Individual And Group Payouts On The Social Psychology Phenomenon Of Social Loafing, Delores A. Tinley Smoot

Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was twofold. First, the experiment investigated the occurrence of social loafing behavior when individuals are engaged in a production task. Social loafing is defined as a decrement in individual performance when working co-actively with a group. Second, the experiment compared the effectiveness of three incentive pay systems (linear, positively and negatively accelerating) in eliminating social loafing behavior and in generating performance levels higher than those generated by a flat or hourly pay system.

Sixteen undergraduate students, all female, participated in twenty-five 15- minute work sessions in which they made widgets from pop beads. Subjects …

Human Impulsivity: Effects Of Reinforcement Procedure, Catherine A. Karas

Dissertations

In this study, positive and negative reinforcement procedures were directly compared across subjects to determine whether more impulsive responding would occur with one reinforcement procedure when compared to the other, under a discrete-trial choice procedure. For both reinforcement procedures, taped music served as the reinforcer. For the positive reinforcer, subjects brought in their own music, from which tapes were made for use in the study. Subjects then ranked the tapes according to their preferences. For the negative reinforcers, the investigators made tapes of various types of music, and all subjects ranked their preferences for these tapes. Subjects were then presented …

Group Therapy For Sexually Abused Adolescents : Assessment Of Coping Skills, Negative Beliefs, And Self-Esteem, Kimberly R. Akin

Master's Theses

The sexual victimization of children in an increasing crime problem in this country and is now also recognized as a serious mental health issue. It has been estimated that the risk of victimization could be as high as one in ten for boys (Finkelhor, 1979) and one in three for girls (Anderson, Martin, Mullen, Romans, & Herbison, 1993). Girls are eight times as likely as boys to suffer rape (Finkelhor & Dziuba-Leatherman, 1994). Prevalence rates estimate between 15% and 38% of women (Finkelhor, 1984; Herman, 1981) and 6% of men (Finkelhor, 1984) have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA).

There is …

The Development And Validation Of A Multicomponent Scale Measuring Aids Phobia, Jessica Purtan Harrell

Masters Theses

The development, reliability, and validity of a new instrument, the Multicomponent AIDS Phobia Scale (MAPS), is described. The results indicate that the MAPS has strong internal consistency and moderate test-retest reliability. In addition, an assessment of concurrent and discriminant validity indicates statistically significant correlations with other self-report measures of anxiety, hypochondriasis, obsessive compulsive disorder, and fear of AIDS. The results of a factor analysis indicate that the scale consists of 2 factors: fear of infection and fear of others/avoidance. The instrument appears to be a reliable and valid measure of AIDS Phobia and may prove useful for improving clinical assessment …

Eye Movement Desensitization And Reprocessing (Emdr) In The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Dismantling The Cognitive Component, Karen Cusack

Masters Theses

Twenty-three individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for post traumatic stress disorder were randomly assigned to either a standard EMDR treatment group or a modified treatment group that omitted the cognitive reprocessing component of EMDR. All subjects were assessed on a variety of pretest posttest measures including the SCL-90- R, the Impact of Events, the Structured Interview for PTSD, SUDS, and Validity of Cognitions (VoC). Results of repeated measures ANOVAs indicate a significant decrease across all pre to post measures, with these results being maintained at a 1 month followup. With the exception of SUDs and SCL-90-R anxiety scores, there were no …

School Of Social And Systemic Studies Department Of Family Therapy M.S. Program Student Handbook 1997-98, Nova Southeastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Trends. Can Accountability Be Accountable? General Fogleman Requests Retirement, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

Ultimately military personnel deal with life and death Issues--even if for many of these personnel the likelihood of the ultimate is very remote. Requiring accountability for these personnel--the taking of responsibility for one's actions and their consequences--is a sound abstract principle. However, it too easily breaks down in concrete instances.

The Man Who Would Be King: Thoughts On The Death Of Saw Maung, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some common psychological pathways resulting in political leaders believing that they are more than they are.

Trends. The Timelessness Of Conspiracy Theories: Comments Of The Malaysian Prime Minister, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the allegations of conspiracy that can be discovered and identified throughout history.

My Psychologist, My Psychiatrist, Fred G. Leebron

English Faculty Publications

I could not distinguish between them except by what we did. I was ten, then eleven. I would not ride the school bus. I always slunk home saying I missed it. I made my mother come to school with me every day, and sit in the lobby so I could wave to her during recess and class changes. In the evenings my father would come home from work, hear my mother's report, and storm upstairs, his weight pounding on the hardwood steps. I would be out of breath with crying, my head in the pillow, waiting to feel what he …

Student Outcomes, Educational Technology, And Assessment In Large Classrooms: Effects On Planned Behavior, Tanya Leigh Ostrogorsky

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of educational technology and classroom assessment on student outcomes. The research used a pretest post-test matched pairs design to test these effects. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a foundation for the model tested. Differences between the model tested and the TPB include the addition of Perceived Behavioral ControlTime 2 (PBC), and the dropping of Subjective Norms from the model. Participating faculty were trained in the use of educational technology, assessment, and course design. Each faculty taught two sections of a large course: first without the enhancements; …

The Role Of Alcohol And Stress On Measures Of Depression And Anxiety Among College Students, Jeffrey F. Porter

Masters Theses

In clinical literature regarding the effects of regular alcohol use, psychological benefits of moderate consumption have been suggested (Neff & Husaini, 1982; Neff, 1984; Neff & Husaini, 1985; Neff, 1985; Neff, 1986; Neff, 1993, Lipton, 1994). Despite the diverse groups with which this theory has been examined, no published studies have lookeq specifically at the high-risk group of college undergraduates. Subjects were surveyed to assess their typical drinking behavior, the number of stressful events they had experienced within the past 12 months, their perceived social support, and depressive and anxiety symptoms they experienced within the seven days leading up to …

World Government And Black Helicopters: Psychological Factors Affecting Support For The United Nations, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some psychological factors--too often ignored in debates and policy development--affecting support for the United Nations.

Off-Balance Balance Theories: The Saga Of Hun Sen, Norodom Ranariddh, And Pol Pot, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes how psychological balance theories might be applied to generate hypotheses about political events in Cambodia since the Paris Accords of 1991.

Auditor Judgment Confidence: Direct Evidence For The Process View, Marshall A. Geiger, A.C. Lloyd Spurrell

Accounting Faculty Publications

Although there has been considerable research on audit judgment processes and structures, one area that has received little attention is auditor judgment confidence. Determining the nature of confidence attainment has direct implications for audit practice, particularly regarding the timing of evidence evaluation leading to final judgments. The present study extends the early work of Pincus (1991) and is the first to provide direct evidence in support of the process view of audit judgment confidence.