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Articles 451 - 480 of 818
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Evaluating The Differential Effects Of Parental Involvement On Check In/Check Out In Children With Externalizing Behavior Problems, Aaron Jason Fischer
Evaluating The Differential Effects Of Parental Involvement On Check In/Check Out In Children With Externalizing Behavior Problems, Aaron Jason Fischer
LSU Master's Theses
School-based interventions are typically implemented based on a Response to Intervention model, i.e., a 3-tiered support system. Tier 1 provides universal support for all students; Tier 2 targets children who are at risk for developing problems; Tier 3 focuses on remediation for children with severe problems. The interventions in Tier 2 are important because they provide an opportunity to access children before their problems become critically dysfunctional. Check in/Check out (CICO) is a Tier 2 intervention that has been evaluated for children with externalizing behavior problems. In the current CICO literature, parent involvement during CICO integrates school and home life, …
Comparing Extinction And Noncontingent Reinforcement Under Challenging Conditions: The Discriminative Effects Of Reinforcement Delivery, Jessica Pearl Alvarez
Comparing Extinction And Noncontingent Reinforcement Under Challenging Conditions: The Discriminative Effects Of Reinforcement Delivery, Jessica Pearl Alvarez
LSU Master's Theses
Extinction (EXT) and noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) procedures are commonly used to reduce problem behavior maintained by operant reinforcement. Both procedures reduce behavior by eliminating the contingency between that behavior and reinforcement; however, EXT procedures may leave the discriminative effects of the reinforcer intact. The discriminative effects of reinforcement following EXT compared to NCR were investigated using an arbitrary response within three participants. Results indicate that following EXT, re-emergent responding is not more likely to occur in the presence of reinforcement compared to control trials. Moreover, re-emergent responding was overall unlikely to occur following EXT and NCR procedures.
The Moderating Effect Of Autism Symptomology On The Relationship Of Cognitive And Adaptive Functioning With Anxiety Symptoms In Infants And Toddlers, Robert D. Rieske
The Moderating Effect Of Autism Symptomology On The Relationship Of Cognitive And Adaptive Functioning With Anxiety Symptoms In Infants And Toddlers, Robert D. Rieske
LSU Master's Theses
Anxiety disorders have been shown to have a high prevalence rate in the general population and the prevalence in those with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is even higher. The detection, diagnosis, and implementation of an early intervention program for these disorders are crucial to the developmental outcome for such individuals. Researchers have shown how cognitive and adaptive functioning are related and affect anxiety symptoms in children as well as the high comorbidity with ASD. The aim of this study was to confirm those relationships, using scores from the BISCUIT-Part 2 (anxiety symptomology) and the BDI-II (Cognitive and Adaptive Developmental Quotient), …
The Role Of Atypical Semantic Activation In Schizotypy: Implications For Odd Speech And Creativity, Kyle S. Minor
The Role Of Atypical Semantic Activation In Schizotypy: Implications For Odd Speech And Creativity, Kyle S. Minor
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Individuals with schizophrenia tend to demonstrate patterns of atypical semantic activation, which are characterized by increased activation of weakly associated words within the semantic network. Although atypical semantic activation is associated with formal thought disorder, tangential speech, and poor long-term functioning in schizophrenia, very little is known about this variable in individuals with schizotypy, or the 10% of the population who demonstrate personality traits presumed to reflect genetic liability to schizophrenia. In this project, we employed highly sensitive laboratory procedures to test whether individuals with schizotypy (n = 45) display increased atypical semantic activation compared to a non-schizotypy group (n …
Examination Of The Reliability And Validity Of A New Observation Measure For Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Autism Spectrum Disorder Observation For Children, Daniene Neal
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
With increasing attention being drawn to autism spectrum disorders (ASD), specifically with regard to early and accurate diagnosis and treatment, researchers and clinicians alike have placed emphasis on finding assessment tools that can aid in this goal. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of a new observation measure for ASD, the Autism Spectrum Disorders-Observation for Children (ASD-OC). The ASD-OC was found to have good to excellent interrater reliability, and excellent internal consistency (ƒÑ = .96). As a result of these initial reliability analyses, nine items were removed from the scale. The resulting 45 item ASD-OC …
Predictors Of Positive Adjustment In Children Exposed To The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill And Hurricane Katrina, Jamarri Raimon Aikins
Predictors Of Positive Adjustment In Children Exposed To The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill And Hurricane Katrina, Jamarri Raimon Aikins
LSU Master's Theses
Although numerous studies have focused on the harmful effects of natural disasters, few have examined the positive adjustment that is demonstrated by some individuals post-disaster. Even fewer studies have investigated this resiliency in children. The current study aims to address this limitation by evaluating variables related to children’s resiliency post-disaster. Specifically, the study was designed to identify and compare predictors of positive adjustment in youth who were exposed to either Hurricane Katrina or the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. It was hypothesized that children who use more adaptive coping strategies and have higher levels of social support will show greater amounts …
Development And Validation Of The Adolescent Thought Control Questionnaire (Tcq-A), Reanna (Sara) Elise Whiting
Development And Validation Of The Adolescent Thought Control Questionnaire (Tcq-A), Reanna (Sara) Elise Whiting
LSU Master's Theses
Despite receiving widespread attention in the adult literature, virtually no information about the effects of thought suppression currently exists using a developmental psychopathology perspective in adolescents. The current study describes the development and preliminary validation of The Adolescent Thought Control Questionnaire, a self-report measure of thought suppression strategy use among adolescents. A principal factor analysis revealed an identical factor structure to the adult Thought Control Questionnaire (Wells & Davies, 1994) and included subscales measuring Distraction, Reappraisal, Social, Worry, and Punishment strategies. Adequate evidence of internal and test-retest reliability was obtained. The TCQ-A evidenced strong validity when tested for relations to …
School-Wide Screening Of Student Involvement In Relational Aggression, Emily F. Patty
School-Wide Screening Of Student Involvement In Relational Aggression, Emily F. Patty
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of the current project is to develop a universal screening instrument to detect the presence of relational aggression within schools. This research is important because relational aggression is a covert behavior that teachers cannot readily observe, and in order to inform treatment and develop interventions, assessment has to be possible. A screener should be quick, easy to administer, and accurate at finding kids at-risk for engaging in relationally aggressive behaviors or being victimized by these behaviors. To ensure adequate sensitivity and specificity of the screening instrument, both logistic regression and t-ROC curve analysis were employed. Furthermore, the screeners …
Teaching Phoneme Segmentation And Blending: A Comparison Of Two Methods, Michael John Schafer
Teaching Phoneme Segmentation And Blending: A Comparison Of Two Methods, Michael John Schafer
LSU Master's Theses
Phonemic segmenting and blending is seen as one of the most critical skills necessary for the development of good reading skills in beginning readers. Research has shown that teaching phonemic skills results in improved reading for both trained (familiar) and untrained words when compared to teaching word-recognition reading strategies. Within the field of phonemic awareness teaching, results have been mixed as to the most effective methods of teaching phonemic skills, but it is generally agreed that explicit instruction in both segmenting and blending is better than instruction focusing on onset/rime or rhyming methods. The purpose of the current study is …
Evaluation Of The Check In/Check Out (Cico) Intervention For Students With Internalizing Behavior Problems, Katherine K. Hunter
Evaluation Of The Check In/Check Out (Cico) Intervention For Students With Internalizing Behavior Problems, Katherine K. Hunter
LSU Master's Theses
Internalizing behaviors are directed inward at the child and are often overlooked in classrooms compared to outwardly-directed externalizing behaviors. When internalizing behaviors are identified, Cognitive Behavioral Interventions (CBIs) are the go-to targeted interventions. However, CBIs are time-consuming and require considerable training to implement. An efficient and time-effective targeted intervention for internalizing behaviors is needed. Check In/Check Out (CICO) has been shown to be an effective targeted intervention for children with externalizing behavior problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate CICO as a targeted intervention for kids with internalizing behavior problems. Four elementary school students with internalizing behavior …
Putting Family Back In Work-Family Conflict: The Moderating Effect Of Family Life Stage On The Work-Family Interface, Rachel C. Trout
Putting Family Back In Work-Family Conflict: The Moderating Effect Of Family Life Stage On The Work-Family Interface, Rachel C. Trout
LSU Master's Theses
In the present study, various gaps in the work-family literature were addressed by investigating the moderating influence of family life stage on work-family specific support from organizations, supervisors, and coworkers as it relates to work-family conflict. Family life stage was also proposed to moderate the relationships between work-family conflict and work-related outcomes (i.e., turnover intentions and work engagement). Additionally, work-family research has often been criticized for its propensity to sample across occupations in a single study, resulting in a need to study work-family conflict in specific careers. For this reason, elementary school teachers were the focus of this study, as …
Hierarchical Linear Modeling Versus Visual Analysis Of Single Subject Design Data, Elizabeth Godbold Nelson
Hierarchical Linear Modeling Versus Visual Analysis Of Single Subject Design Data, Elizabeth Godbold Nelson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Visual analysis is the “gold standard” for single-subject design data because of a presumed low Type I error rate and consistency across raters. However, research has found it less accurate and reliable than typically assumed. Many statistics have been proposed as aids for visual analysis, but most suffer from limitations either due to methods of investigation or problems inherent to the statistics themselves. Several researchers have proposed the use of Hierarchical Linear Modeling to analyze single-subject data because it can withstand violations of assumptions often present in single-subject data that other statistics cannot. In addition, HLM is similar to the …
Food Cravings And Food Cue Responding Across The Menstrual Cycle, Megan Apperson Mcvay
Food Cravings And Food Cue Responding Across The Menstrual Cycle, Megan Apperson Mcvay
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Food cravings have been linked to obesity and eating disorders. Women report craving food more than men, and women experience greater rates of obesity and eating disorders. Retrospective and quasi-prospective studies have suggested that food cravings may be more common during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Unfortunately, these studies have been limited by the use of poorly defined menstrual cycle phases, disregard for individual differences in menstrual cycle length, and absence of validated measures of cravings. The current study examined the effects of menstrual cycle phase on 1) cravings in response to a high fat/high sugar chocolate candy …
How Core Symptoms Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Predict Engagement In Specific Topographies Of Challenging Behavior, Sara Mahan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Challenging behavior, such as aggression, destructive behavior, and self-injurious behavior (SIB), are common among people of all ages with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Numerous researchers have found that greater severity of ASD or a diagnosis of ASD is significantly correlated with greater levels of challenging behavior. However, there is dearth of information on how core symptoms of ASD (i.e., socialization deficits, communication deficits, stereotypies) predict the engagement of specific topographies of challenging behavior above and beyond other variables, such as developmental functioning. The purpose of this study is to extend the current literature base through examining how core symptoms of …
Creative Expression Through Dance: The Effect Of Direct Instruction Versus Inquiry Learning Teaching Methods, Christy Hedlund
Creative Expression Through Dance: The Effect Of Direct Instruction Versus Inquiry Learning Teaching Methods, Christy Hedlund
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Context Dependency In Recognition Memory And Source Memory, Aljeandra Vargas
The Effects Of Context Dependency In Recognition Memory And Source Memory, Aljeandra Vargas
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Minority Status And Language Fluency On Vietnamese Asian Americans In The Predominately English-Speaking American Workplace, Lily L. Truong
The Impact Of Minority Status And Language Fluency On Vietnamese Asian Americans In The Predominately English-Speaking American Workplace, Lily L. Truong
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Emotional Regulation And Memory: The Effects Of Reappraisal On Source Decisions, Chad Gremillion
Emotional Regulation And Memory: The Effects Of Reappraisal On Source Decisions, Chad Gremillion
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Should I Stay Or Should I Go? A Mixed-Method Study Of The Mentoring Relationships That Guide Student-Athletes Toward Career Decisions, Andrew J. Schwehm
Should I Stay Or Should I Go? A Mixed-Method Study Of The Mentoring Relationships That Guide Student-Athletes Toward Career Decisions, Andrew J. Schwehm
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Reactions To Psychological Contract Breaches: An Experimental Manipulation Of Severity, Theresa Atkinson
Reactions To Psychological Contract Breaches: An Experimental Manipulation Of Severity, Theresa Atkinson
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of The Methodological And Human Error Within Momentary Time Sampling Data Collection, Joslyn Cynkus Mintz
An Analysis Of The Methodological And Human Error Within Momentary Time Sampling Data Collection, Joslyn Cynkus Mintz
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Teachers often serve as data collectors for the problem behavior of referred students in their classrooms; yet, the accuracy of teacher data collection has rarely been directly assessed. Momentary time sampling (MTS) may be a potentially useful option for teacher data collection because it does not require continuous monitoring, but rather requires the teacher to score the occurrence or non-occurrence of targeted behaviors at given instances. Research has shown that the smaller the interval between observations, the less methodological error will be introduced into MTS. However, the use of short-interval windows requires additional effort on the part of the teacher, …
Growth After The Storm: Cognitive Processing And Social Support As Mediators Of The Relation Between Religious Coping And Posttraumatic Growth In Hurricane-Affected Women, Julia Vigna Bosson
Growth After The Storm: Cognitive Processing And Social Support As Mediators Of The Relation Between Religious Coping And Posttraumatic Growth In Hurricane-Affected Women, Julia Vigna Bosson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although many studies have detailed the maladies imposed by Hurricane Katrina, little work has examined potential benefits gleaned in the wake of the storm. Posttraumatic growth, a construct receiving increased attention in the literature, describes personal betterment or development following a traumatic event in areas such as perceived changes in self, a changed sense of relations with others, and a changed philosophy of life. Researchers have demonstrated a relation between posttraumatic growth and varying factors, including religious coping. The current study established a relation between religious coping and posttraumatic growth in a sample of hurricane-exposed women in Southeastern Louisiana and …
Assessing Social Support In Children: Development And Initial Validation Of The Social Support Questionnaire For Children, Arlene Tayag Gordon
Assessing Social Support In Children: Development And Initial Validation Of The Social Support Questionnaire For Children, Arlene Tayag Gordon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Research examining risk and protective factors associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children has established social support as one of the strongest predictors of psychological health and overall adjustment post-traumatic event (Vigil & Geary, 2008). Greater perceived social support, generally, has been related to more positive outcomes in children (Borja & Callahan, 2008; Cryder, Kilmer, Tedeschi, & Calhoun, 2006; Pina, Villalta, Ortiz, Gottschall, Costa, & Weems, 2008). Understanding the impact of social support on coping with traumatic events such as natural disasters or exposure to community violence is limited by the lack of psychometrically sound measures. The current study …
Relationships Among The Behavioral Inhibition System, Response Inhibition, Heart Rate Variability, And Anxiety Sensitivity Between Older Adolescents With And Without Significant Anxiety, Erin Tarcza Reuther
Relationships Among The Behavioral Inhibition System, Response Inhibition, Heart Rate Variability, And Anxiety Sensitivity Between Older Adolescents With And Without Significant Anxiety, Erin Tarcza Reuther
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Differences in the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS; Gray, 1982), response inhibition, and cardiac vagal control are evident between individuals with anxiety and nonclinical control participants. In this study, the role of inhibition in anxiety was examined, as well as relationships between the primary indexes of inhibition including the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), response inhibition, and cardiac vagal tone (or heart rate variability) at rest and during tasks of response inhibition. Additionally, anxiety sensitivity, an established risk factor for developing anxiety disorders, was examined and how it relates to indexes of inhibition. As expected, inhibition and anxiety sensitivity were found to …
Using Curriculum-Based Measures To Predict Math Performance On A Statewide Assessment, Keri F. Menesses
Using Curriculum-Based Measures To Predict Math Performance On A Statewide Assessment, Keri F. Menesses
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
One hundred forty-six students in third, fourth, and fifth grades completed two types of curriculum-based measurement (CBM) math probes, math computation and math concepts/ applications, in the winter and spring. The relationship between scores on the math probes and scores on the math portion of the Louisiana statewide assessments were analyzed by computing correlation coefficients and conducting multiple regression analyses. Both types of probes were significantly correlated with test outcomes, yet the concepts/applications probes were stronger predictors of test performance. The diagnostic accuracy of the probes was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, which established cut scores that …
Smoking Topography And Smoking-Related Outcome Expectancies In Smokers With Schizotypy, Diana Williams Stewart
Smoking Topography And Smoking-Related Outcome Expectancies In Smokers With Schizotypy, Diana Williams Stewart
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Individuals with schizophrenia have extremely high smoking rates (70-88%). Compared to smokers in the general population, smokers with schizophrenia have more intense smoking patterns (e.g., more cigarettes per day; smoke stronger cigarettes; higher nicotine dependence, carbon monoxide (CO) boosts, cotinine, and nicotine levels; more extreme smoking topography) and more positive smoking outcome expectancies. However, the relationship between smoking and symptomatology is quite complex. Insight might be gleaned by studying the relationship between smoking and schizotypy, or the putative genetic vulnerability to developing schizophrenia, as it avoids many confounds associated with schizophrenia. This study investigated schizotypy symptoms, smoking characteristics and behaviors, …
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity, Disordered Eating And Body Image Among Chinese And Caucasian Students, Lauren E. Baillie
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity, Disordered Eating And Body Image Among Chinese And Caucasian Students, Lauren E. Baillie
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
It is generally believed that Western culture’s emphasis on thinness is responsible for the presence of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. However, Asians living in Western societies who are more acculturated to Western values have shown fewer body image and eating problems than their less acculturated Asian peers, while those who are highly acculturated to their native culture may be at increased risk for eating disorder symptoms. In this study, Chinese and Caucasian students attending United States universities completed measures of body image, body esteem, disordered eating and ethnic identity in the language of their choice (English or Simplified …
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: A Proposed Critical Item Algorithm, Santino Vincent Lovullo
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: A Proposed Critical Item Algorithm, Santino Vincent Lovullo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Since its first description, the definition of autism has varied as a function of emphases on particular defining features, changes to the age of onset, and confusion with other disorders. However, a recurring theme has been the importance of social impairments with evidence that specific social symptoms, such as joint attention deficits, are predictive of autism within the first or second year of life. In addition to the core domains of impairment, autism is associated with various medical conditions, intellectual disability, comorbid psychopathology, and problem behavior. This is alarming considering that there may be a true increase in the disorder’s …
Symptom Profiles And Rates Of Diagnosis In Autistic And Other Atypically Developing Infants And Toddlers, Timothy Michael Dempsey
Symptom Profiles And Rates Of Diagnosis In Autistic And Other Atypically Developing Infants And Toddlers, Timothy Michael Dempsey
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although there are many assessment scales that aid in the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), very few instruments are designed specifically to identify the condition in the population of infants and toddlers. The primary purpose of this study is to systematically examine the differences between scores on the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT)-Part 1 in a sample of at risk atypically developing children. Participants are children enrolled in Louisiana’s EarlySteps Program, which provides support services (e.g., speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, behavior psychology) to infants/toddlers and their families from birth to 36 months …
Comparing Mand-Training Efficiency With Selection-Based And Topography-Based Communication Systems, Kathryn E. Barlow
Comparing Mand-Training Efficiency With Selection-Based And Topography-Based Communication Systems, Kathryn E. Barlow
LSU Master's Theses
Alternative communication systems such as picture exchange systems and sign language are commonly used instructional techniques when teaching verbal operants to individuals with deficient vocal verbal repertoires, but which response topography is most efficient is highly debated. Selection-based manding responses and topography-based manding responses were alternately taught to three boys with severe language deficits in order to determine the relative efficiency of acquisition of each system. The results indicated that selection-based communication systems were more readily acquired across all participants.