Applied Linguistics Commons^™

Theme: Mobile Language Learning, Glenn Stockwell, Susana Sotillo

Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

There has been increased interest in portable technologies which allow learners to access tools for learning languages in virtually any time or place that suits them. The quickly developing functionalities of mobile phones, MP3 players, laptop and tablet computers, and other hand-held devices with touch screen technology mean that the range of possibilities for language learning has greatly diversified. GodwinJones (2011), for example, points out that iPhone and Android phones have ushered in a phenomenal expansion in the development of Apps for just about every topic under the sun, and educators have been exploring the value of Apps for learning …

Konsep Skopos Dan Aspek Fungsionalnya Dalam Penerjemahan, Masduki Masduki

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

It is often said that Skopos theory has abolished the position of the source text. Nevertheless, translators still have to translate source texts, and to do this, they must identify translation units and decide what to do with them in the translation process. The same applies to translation description and criticism or even quality assessment. In order to compare source and target texts and achieve a fair judgment of a translation, translators need the communicative function of the translation unit. This article deals with the basic concept of Skopos and the functional aspects that come into play both in translation …

Ethnographic Approach To Efl/Esl Research, Nikolaus Pasassung

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

This article shows that ethnography, as an approach, is a very useful tool to be applied in research attempting a good understanding of EFL/ESL classrooms. With reference to work done by anthropologists and classroom researchers, the present article argues that education, including EFL/ESL classrooms, can be well understood by using ethnographic approaches. This is done by elaborating the relevance of ethnography and the classroom context in the sense that ethnographic principles are applicable in describing and understanding the culture of a classroom, and EFL/ESL teaching in particular.

Hambatan Penerjemahan Teks Bahasa Arab Ke Dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Pengalaman Mahasiswa Sastra Arab Universitas Negeri Malang, Irhamni Irhamni

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

This paper is intended to describe the results of a study focusing on students’ translation problems in translating Arabic texts into Indonesian. The problems result from students’ understanding and retelling (re-expressing) the results of that understanding during the translation process. In this study, the researcher applies a descriptive qualitative method. The results show that students’ problems in translation are closely related to (1) their understanding of linguistic and non-linguistic structures, and (2) their difficulties in retelling (re-expressing) the results of their reading regarding linguistic and non-linguistic issues.

Karakteristik Tulisan Narasi Fiksi Berbahasa Arab Mahasiswa Penutur Asli Bahasa Indonesia, Nurhidayati Nurhidayati

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

This study is carried out to answer the research question: what are the characteristics of intrinsic elements, including plot, character, and setting, in Arabic fictitious narrative writing by Indonesian native-language students? This study is qualitative in nature. The approach used is socio-psycho-structural. The data are verbal and consist of: (1) fictitious narrative writing, (2) interview transcripts, and (3) field notes. The data on fictitious narrative writing were taken from the students’ portfolio of narrative fiction final tasks in the Writing Lecture 1 course. Interview transcripts and field notes from the teaching process were used to clarify and complete the data …

Language As An Existential Catharsis In The Secret Life Of Words By Isabel Coixet (El Lenguaje Como Catarsis Existencial En La Vida Secreta De Las Palabras De Isabel Coixet), Eva NúÑEz-MéNdez

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Resumen: Este estudio se propone interpretar el lenguaje y sus representaciones simbólicas en la película La vida secreta de las palabras como factores simbólicos y catárticos, sobre todo en lo que se refiere a la vida de la protagonista femenina, Hanna. La directora, Isabel Coixet, logra transmitir a través de la diná-mica lingüística de los personajes un sinfín de emociones vitales que van desde el sufrimiento más pro-fundo, pasando por el aislamiento y el desamparo, hasta un completo vacio existencial. Hanna vive com-pletamente aislada y sola en el norte de Irlanda, en Belfast, después de haber logrado sobrevivir múltiples violaciones …

La Construcción Social Del Español En La Diglosia Educativa De California, Nicole Siminski

World Languages and Cultures

This project attempts to deconstruct the position of the Spanish language in society while observing its effects on Spanish speaking students in the education system. An extensive look at the history of bilingual education in California reveals its portrayal in society as well as how it is implemented in the school systems. I will study the reaction of both native English speaking children and native Spanish speaking children to learning a second language in a dual immersion setting. Dual Immersion programs are popular for English speaking families but Spanish speaking families are often hesitant to participate. Due to social class …

Cultural Brokering And Bicultural Identity: An Exploratory Study, Jorida Cila, Richard Lalonde, Zohrah Haqanee

Western Migration Conference Series

Abstract: Cultural brokering refers to a process where individuals mediate between two parties that are experiencing some type of cultural misunderstanding. Our exploratory study indicates that cultural brokering is a diverse experience that spans the boundaries of one’s family and includes various norms, values and traditions.

Sociolinguistics Barriers: Constructing And Reproducing Temporary Migrants' Social Inequalities, Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón

Western Migration Conference Series

This study explores the sociolinguistic barriers that Mexican Agricultural Temporary Workers (MATW) experience during their temporary stays in Canada. Following an ethnographic approach, some of the findings were that the sociolinguistic barriers lead to sociolinguistic dependency, increasing and perpetuating human and social inequalities of the MATW.

Signs And Symbols: Art And Language In Art Therapy, Malissa Morrell

Journal of Clinical Art Therapy

This paper is a preliminary attempt at theory building by exploring the use of art and language in art therapy through a theoretical inquiry model. Inductive and deductive processes are used to explore literature from the fields of psychology, art philosophy (particularly aesthetics), and linguistics. Concepts common to each of these disciplines are then further explored through the lens of bilingual therapy. Practical applications are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.

Student Use And Teacher Requirement Of E-Mail Conventions, Lora Ibrahim Galabi

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of conventions by EFL students and the requirement of conventions by EFL teachers in student-teacher e-mail communication, in an English-medium university in the Arab world. A convenience sample of 61 students and 13 teachers from the Intensive English Program at the American University in Cairo, Egypt was used. Data were obtained for this exploratory study from a student survey, a teacher survey, and a sample of student e-mails, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and thematic content analysis. Chi-square tests revealed a correlation between the frequency of …

The Evaluation Of English For General Academic Purposes (Egap) Course In An Indonesian University, Flora Debora Floris

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

This paper presents an internal evaluation on English for General Academic Purposes (EGAP) subject which is developed by the English Language Teaching Center (ELTC) from a private university in East Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted to elicit feedback on the effectiveness of English for General Academic Purposes (EGAP). The presented data were obtained from questionnaires, group interviews, classroom observations, and the students’ final scores. There were 124 students and 6 lecturers involved in this small-scale research. Therefore, this paper is intended to describe the interesting facts of the study.

Instructional Practices That Hinder And Support Esl Students In The Self-Contained Esl Classroom And The Mainstream Classroom, Ebru N. Bozburun

MA TESOL Collection

This paper describes the academic challenges that many English Second Language (ESL) students must deal with from the moment they start attending a bilingual program at elementary school until they finish the last step of their academic experience. These students continually struggle to keep up with their peers, often fail the state mandated tests, and eventually, drop out before receiving their high school diploma. For the past three years, both as a self-contained ESL teacher and an ESL certified co-teacher in the mainstream classroom, I taught ESL Language Arts to Spanish- speaking students at a public junior high school in …

Communicating Vision : A Linguistic Analysis Of Leadership Speeches, Debrah J. Martin

Dissertations

Leadership literature contains ample recommendations that leaders need to have a vision and be competent in visioning. A small subset of that literature recommends that leaders communicate their visions. There are few resources, however, that guide leaders how to communicate their visions. This study consists of an application of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), including Genre Theory, and an extension of SFL, Appraisal Theory, on four visionary speeches in the field of political discourse—Lincoln‘s Gettysburg Address, Churchill‘s ―We Shall Fight on the Beaches,‖ Kennedy‘s inaugural, and Martin Luther King Jr.‘s ―I Have a Dream‖—to discover how these leaders were able to …

International Graduate Student Powerpoint Presentation Designs: A Reality Check, Alla Zareva

English Faculty Publications

The present study set out to examine what novice international graduate student presenters consider to be effective PowerPoint slide design practices and the extent to which these practices are in agreement with experts’ advice. The analysis focused on three main features of students’ PowerPoint presentations – organisation, style and typography. The general conclusion is that we can mostly rely on students’ intuitions concerning ‘relevance’ and ‘simplicity’ of PowerPoint presentation designs, but we should draw their attention to ‘consistency’, i.e., the systematic application of the organisation, style and typological features to their PowerPoint presentations.

Linguistic Realization Of Refusals In Persian By Iranian Farsi Speakers., Farzaneh Zilaie

Student Works (2010-2019)

This study investigates variations in the linguistics realization of the speech act of refusal in Persian language. It also aims at exploring the role of two social variables; namely ‘social distance’ and ‘power’ in the production of refusals. The data were collected using ethnographic observation, and were both field noted and recorded wherever possible. The results yielded 208 acts of refusals. These refusals were classified according to the refusal classification semantic formulae proposed by Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss- Weltz (1990). The results showed that Iranian Farsi speakers employed indirect strategies and a combination of direct and indirect strategies more than …

Linguistics As Structure In Computer Animation: Toward A More Effective Synthesis Of Brow Motion In American Sign Language, Rosalee Wolfe, Peter Cook, John C. Mcdonald, Jerry Schnepp

Visual Communications and Technology Education Faculty Publications

Computer-generated three-dimensional animation holds great promise for synthesizing utterances in American Sign Language (ASL) that are not only grammatical, but well tolerated by members of the Deaf community. Unfortunately, animation poses several challenges stemming from the necessity of grappling with massive amounts of data. However, the linguistics of ASL can aid in surmounting the challenge by providing structure and rules for organizing animation data. An exploration of the linguistic and extra linguistic behavior of the brows from an animator’s viewpoint yields a new approach for synthesizing nonmanuals that differs from the conventional animation of anatomy and instead offers a different …

Learning Without Awareness Reconsidered: A Replication Of Williams (2005), Mandy Faretta-Stutenberg, Kara Morgan-Short

CISLL Publications

Researchers in the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) disagree as to whether or not learning can take place in the absence of awareness (e.g. Leow, 2000; Tomlin & Villa, 1994; Robinson, 1995b; Schmidt, 1990, 1993; Williams, 2004, 2005). On one hand, many researchers have found that some level of attention or awareness is necessary for linguistic development to occur (e.g. Leow 1997, 2000; Robinson, 1995a; Rosa & Leow, 2004; Schmidt, 1990, 1993). On the other hand, research has found evidence of implicit language learning, or learning in the absence of awareness (e.g. Williams, 2004, 2005). Hama and Leow (2010) …

Los Procesos Metodológicos De La Enseñanza-Aprendizaje De Lenguas Mediante Tareas (Book Review), Elizabeth M. Kissling

Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications

This volume outlines the principle methodological procedures used in task-based (TB) language courses. TB courses are organized around 'tasks,' where 'task' is generally defined as an activity having a precise objective, requiring learners to use language, and maintaining primary focus on meaning rather than form (see Ellis, 2003, pp. 1-5 for a review of researchers' differing definitions of 'task'). The volume will be of use to teachers who have committed to a task-based language teaching (TBLT) approach, have designed their curriculum accordingly, and are now ready to focus on the procedures they will follow to implement each task. Another volume …

Revisión De Estudios Sobre Las Funciones De Las Citas En Textos Académicos Escritos Por Estudiantes De Posgrado Nativos Y No Nativos Que Aprenden Una Lengua Extranjera, David Sánchez-Jiménez

Publications and Research

El estudio de las citas, los motivos por lo que se cita un trabajo y las funciones retóricas que las citas cumplen en el discurso escrito, han sido materias abordadas desde distintas disciplinas, entre ellas la Lingüística Aplicada. En el presente trabajo se rastrean los orígenes de estos temas y se revisan más concretamente los estudios llevados a cabo en el contexto académico universitario sobre citación por aprendientes nativos y no nativos de una lengua extranjera.

Summary: The study of citations, the purposes for which a work is cited, and the rhetorical functions that the citations carry out in the …

翻译研究中的后殖民女性主义视角 : 自我反思的立场, Lijuan Chen

Lingnan Theses

女性主义和后殖民理论已于20 世纪80 年代介入翻译研究，并成为“效忠 取向”的翻译研究中的两大流派。但是，主流女性主义翻译研究和主流后殖民 翻译研究在缺乏自我反思立场的同时，在很大程度上分别体现了对种族维度和 性别维度的漠视，从而忽视了一些重要的研究问题。尽管已有极少数学者，从 结合性别和种族的后殖民女性主义视角看待了有关翻译现象，她们并没有考虑 将后殖民女性主义理论体系性地纳入翻译研究，同时也在很大程度上没有体现 自我反思。有鉴于此，本研究一方面以提出研究问题的方式，尝试体系性地将 后殖民女性主义理论纳入翻译研究，另一方面则以个案研究的方式，尝试如何 进行自我反思的后殖民女性主义翻译研究，并审视在很大程度上未被其他后殖 民女性主义学者所具体分析过的翻译现象。

在从后殖民女性主义视角提出一系列翻译研究问题之后，本研究继而选择 其中的两个问题作为个案研究对象，即考察西方女性主义出版社在出版第三世 界女性文本方面的翻译选材政治，以及西方女译者在处理第三世界女性主义文 本方面的翻译政治。在有关后殖民女性主义观点的启发下，以及在保持自我反 思立场的同时，本研究首先审视了美国女性主义出版社Aunt Lute Books 以及英 国女性主义出版社Virago Press，在翻译出版中国女性文本方面所体现的选材特 点。接着，本研究考察了美国白人女译者，在处理美籍华裔女作家严歌苓所著 《扶桑》中体现道家思想和佛教内涵的严歌苓式女性主义方面，所采用的翻译 方式。本研究表明，西方女性主义的话语殖民，西方女性主义与第三世界女性 主义之间及其背后文化理据之间的权力差异，以及相关主体所具有的白人女性 身份，以颇为复杂的形式，体现于涉及第三世界女性文本的翻译选材和翻译方 式。此外，通过上述讨论，本研究也展示了如何进行自我反思的后殖民女性主 义翻译研究，并凸显自我反思的翻译研究话语的内部冲突和暧昧之处。

译者是谁? : 译者的身份认同与翻译研究, Wenjing Li

Lingnan Theses

近年来翻译研究中的重要话题，如文化翻译、后殖民、女性主义、意识形 态、翻译的主体性和主体间性等，或多或少都与译者身份及其认同的问题有着 直接或间接的关联。身份的概念在翻译研究中虽被一再提及，却仍缺乏清晰的界定，有待深入探讨。

通过借鉴并整合社会心理学有关身份理论的假设和分析，本文在梳理评论相关研究成果的基础上对译者身份进行动态分析，由此提出译者身份的三种类型，即角色身份、群体身份和个人身份。本文首先从社会角色入手探讨译者的 角色身份和角色期待与阐释，以及翻译角色间的互动对话等相关问题，提出翻译主体间的角色互动以内部多重对话为主要形式，译者则通过角色扮演达成内部对话。随后，本文以性别身份为例探讨译者的群体身份，运用身份选择理论讨论在女性主义、性别与翻译结合的过程中出现的译者性别身份的不同表现形式，并特别考察了译者在翻译活动中的性别表演行为。再者，本文从译者主体创造性的角度出发讨论译者个人身份，以从事翻译活动的作家为例，系统阐述 了译者在再创作中表现出的与原作者之间创作与模仿的杂合冲突。随后，本文的重点转移至考察译者文化认同与民族国家的集体身份在翻译中的重新建构之间的关系，通过案例分析阐释译者在译文中表现出提升自我文化身份的倾向， 说明集体身份的改写与译者的个体认同的密切关系。此外，译者身份的社会期待与个体内化、身份杂合、多重身份的承诺和选择、身份表演、角色对话等一 系列相关问题本文亦有所涉及。

除了借鉴和改造社会心理学的身份理论并应用于翻译研究，本文还进行了大量的实证研究，包括D.H.Lawrence 的《狐》的三个中文译本的平行对比，美籍华裔作家谭恩美的《沉没之鱼》的中文译写现象和文本分析，《无题的风景》英译的译者注释分析，以及互联网自发翻译现象分析等，不仅作为对本文所提论点的有力支撑，同时还有助于扩展、深化和强化相关的理论话语。

形变与值变 : 论文学陌生化语言的翻译, Yongsui Peng

Lingnan Theses

“陌生化”(defamiliarization) 理论是二十世纪初俄国形式主义者Viktor Shklovskij 所提出。根据该理论，文学文本包含作者出于文学动因而扭曲常规语 言所致的偏离语言，这种语言被称为陌生化语言。陌生化语言除具有特殊文体效果外，还被用来深化文本的社会文化主题意义,历来是译者和翻译研究者关注 的对象。然而，由于受源语导向对等论和形式主义美学的束缚，以往研究者讨论文学陌生化语言翻译时带有约简和片面的倾向。他们只重形式而轻视或忽视 陌生化语言的文化意义，忽视目的语文本文化语境的特殊性，以致认为译者应该且可以通过“偏离对偏离”仿造陌生化形式、实现文学性对等。鉴于此，本研究深入分析跨文化语境下两种语言间的形式差异和文化意识形态差异对陌生 化语言翻译的影响，揭示从“偏离对偏离”到“陌生化形式仿造”再到“文学 性对等”这一推导的粗疏和内在矛盾，以此来批驳文学陌生化语言翻译就是要 仿造形式、再现文学性的观念。在此基础上，本文探讨了文学陌生化语言的几种翻译策略，提出这些策略并非转达文学性或文化意义，而是导致交互文化杂合，生成交互文化意识形态。

除绪论和结论外，全文共六章。第一章对陌生化理论作了整体介绍，第二 章主要关注有关源陌生化语言的阐释学，第三章着重讨论语言间的形式差异和目的语文本语境对仿造陌生化形式的制约，第四章和第五章探讨文化差异对源 陌生化语言翻译的影响以及不同翻译策略的文化意义生产，第六章讨论语言文 化差异使源陌生化语言翻译成为杂合，生产交互文化意识形态。本研究以理论 探究为主，以实例阐明为辅，采用多学科相融合 (multidisciplinary) 的研究方法，借鉴了英汉对比、文学理论、符号学和文体学等学科概念和/或理论原则。

Engaging In Another Person’S Telling As A Recipient In L2 Japanese: Development Of Interactional Competence During One-Year Study Abroad, Midori Ishida

Faculty Publications

This study investigates the development of interactional competence through the analysis of conversational data collected in a longitudinal design. It examines, using conversation analysis (CA), how a learner of Japanese as a second language (L2) engages in conversation as a story recipient, and identifies changes that suggest the learner’s development.